US3704696A - Hydraulic valve lifter - Google Patents

Hydraulic valve lifter Download PDF

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Publication number
US3704696A
US3704696A US121648A US3704696DA US3704696A US 3704696 A US3704696 A US 3704696A US 121648 A US121648 A US 121648A US 3704696D A US3704696D A US 3704696DA US 3704696 A US3704696 A US 3704696A
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United States
Prior art keywords
fluid
body member
lifter
passageway
face
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Expired - Lifetime
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US121648A
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English (en)
Inventor
Roy F Abell Jr
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Eaton Corp
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Eaton Corp
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/20—Adjusting or compensating clearance
    • F01L1/22—Adjusting or compensating clearance automatically, e.g. mechanically
    • F01L1/24—Adjusting or compensating clearance automatically, e.g. mechanically by fluid means, e.g. hydraulically
    • F01L1/245—Hydraulic tappets
    • F01L1/25—Hydraulic tappets between cam and valve stem

Definitions

  • a hydraulic valve lifter for use in a direct acting overhead camshaft valve gear of an internal combustion engine includes a body member, a plunger member located at least partially within the body member, and a face member located at least partially within the body member and having a cam engageable surface thereon.
  • a fluid reservoir is located between the face member and the body member and a pressure chamber is disposed between the plunger member and the body member for taking up lash in the valve gear.
  • a leakage passageway is provided between the face member and the body member and provides for the flow of lubricating fluid from the reservoir to the cam engaging surface of the face member to thereby provide for lubrication of the cam engaging surface and the cam.
  • the leakage passageway also provides for air leakage from the lifter to prevent air lockup of the lifter.
  • the present invention relates to a hydraulic valve lifter for use in a direct acting overhead cam engine and more particularly to a hydraulic valve lifter having a leakage passageway which provides for lubricant flow from the lifter to the cam engaging surface thereof and for air flow from the lifter to prevent air lockup thereof.
  • One known method of providing lubrication between the camshaft and the valve gear utilizes expensive boring of the camshaft with intersecting drilled holes in each cam lobe for directing lubrication to the lifter and camshaft. This method, used in the majority of production direct acting overhead cam engines is undesirable due to the high cost involved in drilling the camshaft and cam lobes.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a new and improved hydraulic valve lifter for use in a direct acting overhead camshaft valve gear having a leakage passageway from the valve lifter for providing for air flow from the valve lifter and/or lubricant flow from the valve lifter to effect lubrication of the cam member and the face surface of the valve lifter against which the cam member acts.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a new and improved hydraulic valve lifter for use in a direct acting overhead camshaft valve gear including a body member, a plunger member, a face member having a cam engageable surface thereon, a fluid reservoir at least partially defined by the face member and a leakage passageway from the fluid reservoir providing for lubricant flow from the reservoir to the cam engaging surface of the face member and providing for air flow from the reservoir to prevent air lockup of the lifter.
  • Still another object of the present invention is to provide a new and improved hydraulic valve lifter as defined in the next preceding paragraphwherein the leakage passageway is defined between the body member and the face member.
  • a further object of the present invention' is to provide a new and improved hydraulic valve lifter including a body member, a plunger member located at least partially within the body member, a face member slip fitted in the body member, a fluid reservoir at least partially defined by the face member, a leakage passageway providing for lubricant flow from the reservoir to the outer surface of the face member and providing for air flow from the reservoir to prevent air lockup of the lifter and wherein the leakage passageway is defined between an outer peripheral surface of the face member and an inner surface of the body member.
  • a still further object of the present invention is to provide a new and improved hydraulic valve lifter for use in a direct acting overhead camshaft valve gear of an internal combustion engine including a body member, a plunger member located at least partially within the body member, a fluid reservoir located within the body member, a cam engageable outer surface for engaging with the cam of the engine and imparting movement to the body member in response to rotation of the cam, and a leakage passageway providing for the flow of lubricating fluid from the reservoir to the cam engageable with the surface and the flow of air from the reservoir to thereby prevent, lockup of the lifter.
  • FIG. 1 is an illustration'of a hydraulic valve lifter constructed in accordance with the present invention, and utilized in a direct acting overhead camshaft valve gear for operating a valve of an overhead cam engine;
  • FIG. 2- is, a sectional view, taken approximately along the'line 22 of FIG. 1, illustrating the internal structure of the hydraulicvalve lifter;
  • FIG. 3 is a view similar to the view of FIG. 2 illustrating the pressure chamber in an expanded condition.
  • the present invention relates to a hydraulic valve lifter or lash adjuster for use in a direct acting overhead camshaft valve gear, having a leakage passageway providing for lubricant flow from the reservoir of the lifter to the cam engaging surface of the valve lifter.
  • the leakage passageway also provides for the flow of air from the valve lifter to prevent lockup thereof.
  • the valve lifter includes a body member, a plunger member located within the body I member and cooperating therewith to define a pressure chamber.
  • a face member is disposed on the upper portion of the body member and has the cam engaging surface disposed on the external portion thereof. The face member cooperates with the body member to define the fluid reservoir and a passageway is provided from the reservoir to the pressure chamber.
  • the face member is slip fitted into the top portion of the body member and the outer periphery of the face member cooperates with an inner surface of the body member to define the leakage passageway which provides fluid communication between the reservoir and the external cam engaging surface of the face member.
  • the leakage passageway enables lubricant to flow from the reservoir to lubricate the cam engaging surface of the face member and provides for the flow of air from the reservoir outwardly therefrom.
  • the clearance between the outer periphery of the face member and the inner surface of the body member is controlled to regulate the lubricant flow from the reservoir.
  • FIG. 1 a hydraulic lifter or lash adjuster 10 constructed in accordance with the present invention can be used in many different types of engines
  • the hydraulic lifter 10 is illustrated in FIG. 1 in a direct acting overhead camshaft valve gear 12 of an engine 14 having an overhead cam 16.
  • the valve gear 12 is actuated by rotation of the cam 16 to operate a valve 20 (shown in FIG. 1 in a closed position) to control the flow of gases from a combustion chamber 22 in a known manner.
  • Means is provided to enable lubricant to flow from internal portions of the lifter 10 to effect lubrication of the cam 16.
  • the means also provides for the flow of air from the lifter 10 to prevent lockup of the lifter due to air becoming trappedtherein.
  • the cam 16 is mounted on a camshaft 24 and rotates therewith. Upon rotation of the cam 16 in a clockwise direction, a leading ramp 36 of an actuating or nose portion 38 of the cam 16 engages a face member 26 of the valve lifter 10 to push the valve lifter 10 and the valve 20 in a downwardly direction as viewed in FIG. 1 to open the valve 20. Continued rotation of the cam16 brings a trailing ramp 40 of the cam 16 into engagement with the face member 26 of the valve lifter l and the valve 20 then moves toward the illustrated closed position under the influence of a valve spring44. After a base circle portion 28 of the cam 16 engages the face member 26, the valve 20 is held closed by the valve spring 44 until the leading ramp 36 of the cam 16 is again brought into engagement with the face member 26.
  • the hydraulic lifter adjusts the valve gear 12 to maintain a predetermined relationship i.e.,' zero lash, between the cam 16 and the valve even though the dimensions of the valve 20 and cam 16 may vary due to wear, thermal effects and other reasons.
  • the hydraulic lifter 10 as illustrated in FIG. 2, includes a generally cylindrical body member 42 having a central chamber or cavity 46 in which a plunger 48 is slidably mounted in a coaxial relationship.
  • a snap-ring S0 is disposed in an annular groove 52 located in the central cavity 46.
  • the body member 42 includes an upper cavity which is in part defined by an internal annular surface 54.
  • the face member 26 is slip fitted in the upper cavity and an outer annular surface 56 of the face member 26 is disposed adjacent to the annular surface 54.
  • a shoulder 58 is provided on the body member 42 to locate the face member 26 in the upper cavity.
  • the face member 26 cooperates with the body portion 42 to define a fluid reservoir 60 in the upper cavity of the body member 42 for holding oil or other lubricant therein.
  • the reservoir 60 is connected in fluid communication with an oil pump or other source of lubricant under pressure (not shown) by a passageway 62 in the body member 42 and suitable holes or apertures in the engine block 14 not illustrated.
  • the size of reservoir 60 i.e., its depth and diameter, may be varied to tailor the lifter to individual engine requirements.
  • a pressure chamber 64 is defined between the plunger member 48 and the body member 42.
  • a fluid passageway 66 is provided in the body member 42 to provide for fluid communication between the reservoir 60 and the pressure chamber 64.
  • a check valve assembly 68 cooperates with the plunger member 48 to compensate for dimensional changes in the valve gear 12 by varying the axial extent of the hydraulic lifter 10 to thereby maintain a predetermined relationship between the cam 16 and valve 20.
  • the check valve assembly 68 controls the flow of fluid from the reservoir 60 to the pressure chamber 64 by opening and closing the pressure chamber.
  • the check valve assembly 68 includes a check valve ball member 70, a retainer member 72 and a check valve spring 74.
  • the retainer 72 is held against the bottom surface of the body member and for illustrated purposes is shown as having its shoulder portions '76 thereof press fitted into an annular recess 78 in the body member 42. However, it-should be appreciated that the plunger spring 86 may be utilized to hold the retainer 72 in place.
  • the check valve spring 74 engages with the check valve member and the bottom portion of the retainer member 72 and urges the valve member 70 into engagement with a valve seat 80 disposed at one end of the passageway 66. When the check valve is in a closed condition, as illustrated in FIG. 2, fluid flow from the reservoir 60 to the pressure chamber 64 is prevented. When the va1ve.
  • the retainer 72 includes openings 82 therein to enable fluid to flow through the passageway 66 through the openings 82 in the retainer 72 to the pressure chamber 64.
  • the check valve operates as a one way valve enabling fluid to flow from the reservoir 60 to the pressurechamber64.
  • the valve member 70 opens in response to a partial vacuum created in the pressure chamber 64 by movement of the plunger member 48 outwardly of the body member 42 by the plunger spring 86 after the valve 20 seats to maintain zero lash in the valve gear.
  • valve spring 74 may be eliminated when using the lifter with a relatively rigid valve gear of an overhead cam engine. Eliminating the check valve spring in a very rigid valve gear provides for a certain degree of freedom as the normal position of the check valve when the lifter is engaged with the base circle of the cam will be opened to provide a minor amount of movement of .the lifter due to cam bearing clearance, base circle run out and deflection of the camshaft. With no check valve spring the travel of the valve member 70 is limited by the retainer-72 and the check valve is closed by fluid flow when cam lift is encountered.
  • the fluid in the pressure chamber 64 is subjected to pressure by the downward force of the cam 16 when the operating portion 36 thereof engages with the face member 26 of the lifter 10. Some of the fluid in the pressure chamber 64 is forced out of the chamber along a relatively small clearance commonly referred to as a leak-down passageway 84 disposed between the cylindrical peripheral surface of the plunger member 48 and the cylindrical inner surface of the body 42. This leakage of fluid is commonly referred to as leakdown and results in a slight inward movement of the plunger member 48 relative to the body 42 and a corresponding contraction in the pressure chamber 64. Generally, the inward movement of the plunger member 48 is on the order of 0.0Q2-0.003 inches during each valve opening event.
  • Fluid pressure in the reservoir 60 is then greater than the fluid pressure in the chamber 64 and the valve member 70 of the check valve assembly 68 is moved out of engagement with the valve seat 80 against the influence of the check valve spring 74 toenable fluid to flow from the reservoir 60 through the passageway 66 to the pressure chamber 64 to replace the fluid which previously leaked out of the pressure chamber.
  • the distance which the plunger spring 86 moves the plunger 48 and body 42 and the amount of replacement fluid which flows into the pressure chamber 64 is decreased to thereby decrease the effective axial length of the hydraulic lifter 10.
  • the plunger spring 86 moves the plunger member 48 and body member 42 outwardly to expand the pressure chamber 64 and enables a relatively large amount of replacement fluid to flow into the pressure chamber 64 to thereby effect an increase in the axial length of the lifter 10.
  • check valve assembly 68 plunger spring 86, and plunger member 48 cooperate to maintain a predetermined relationship, i.e., zero lash, between the cam 16 and the valve 20 even though the effective dimensions of the valve gear 12 change during operation of the engine 14.
  • a flat type check valve member could be used instead of the ball member 70 which is illustrated.
  • the face member 26 which is slidably fitted in the upper cavity of the body member 42 includes an outer surface 90 which is in continual engagement with the rotating cam 16. To prevent abnormal wear of the surface 90 and the cam 16 a flow of lubricant must be provided to the surface 90 of the face member 26.
  • the outer peripheral surface 56 of i the face member 26 cooperates with the inner surface 54 of the body member 42 to define a leakage passageway 92 which provides for fluid communication between the reservoir 60 and the surface 90 of the face member 26.
  • the leakage passageway 92 enables fluid to flow from the reservoir 60, around the discontinuous shoulder portions 58, through the passageway 92 and to the surface 90 during normal reciprocating movement of the lifter 10. This flow of lubricant, which will be metered by the cooperating surfaces 54 and 56 of the body member 42 and face member 26 respectively, will be effectively controlled to provide for proper lubrication of the cam 16 and the surface 90 of the face member 26.
  • the passageway 92 will also provide for the leakage of any air which might become trapped internally of the lifter 10. It should be appreciated that since the passageway 92 is disposed above the reservoir 60 and the pressure chamber 64 any air which might become trapped in the pressure chamber 64 or the reservoir 60 will move in an upwardly direction through the reservoir 60 to the passageway 92. The air will then flow through the passageway 92 and out of the lifter 10. This will prevent air lockup in the lifter due to the entrapment of air in the internal cavities therein. This is the distinct advantage over known lifters in that aleakage passageway is provided to prevent air lockup which occurs when air becomes trapped in the internal cavities of the lifter 10.
  • the outer diameter of the face member 26 can be controlled to provide the proper leakage path for the lubricant flowing from the reservoir 60 to the surface 90 of the face member 26.
  • the cam 16 and the face member 26 have surfaces which engage to effect rotation of the face member 26 relative to the body member 42 upon reciprocation of the lifter. The rotation of face member 26 insures that the passageway 92 remains free of debris and does not become blocked.
  • a new and improved hydraulic valve lifter for use in a direct acting overhead camshaft valve gear which includes a body member, a plunger member and a face member.
  • the face member cooperates with the body member to define a fluid reservoir and the plunger member cooperates with the body member to provide a pressure chamber for adjusting the axial extent of the lifter.
  • the face member also cooperates with the body member to define a leakage passageway for air which may become trapped in the lifter.
  • the leakage passageway enables the air to leak therethrough so as to prevent air lockup of the lifter.
  • the leakage path also provides for lubricant flow from the reservoir to the face member to lubricate the cam engaging surface thereof and the cam.
  • a hydraulic valve lifter for use in a direct acting overhead camshaft valve gear of an internal combustion engine comprising a body member, a face member located at least in part within said body member and having a cam engageable outer surface and an inner surface, a plunger member located at least partially within said body member, a fluid chamber defined in part by said body member for receiving lubricating fluid from a source of fluid under pressure, and a leakage passageway defined by said body member and said face member providing for fluid flow from said fluid chamber to said cam engageable outer surface of said face member, said leakage passageway providing for the flow of lubricating fluid to said cam engageable outer surface of said face member to effect lubrication of said cam engageable outer surface and permitting air flow from said fluid chamber to prevent air lockup of said hydraulic valve lifter.
  • a hydraulic valve lifter for use in a direct acting overhead camshaft valve gear of an internal combustion engine as defined in claim 3 wherein said fluid chamber is a fluid reservoir defined by said inner surface of said face member and an internal surface 'of said body member.
  • a hydraulic valve lifter for-use in a direct acting overhead camshaft valve gear of an internal combustion engine as defined in claim 4 further including a pressure chamber located between said body member and said plunger member, a fluid passageway disposed in said body member and providing fluid communication between said fluid reservoir and said pressure chamber, valve means for controlling the fluid flow through said fluid passageway from said fluid reservoir to said pressure chamber, and a leak-down passageway defined by said plunger member and said body member for providing for fluid flow from said pressure chamber.
  • a hydraulic valve lifter for use in a valve gear of an internal combustion engine comprising a body member, a plunger member located at least partially within said body member, a face member slip fitted in said body member, said face member having an outer cam engageable surface, an outer peripheral surface and an inner surface, a fluid reservoir defined by said inner surface of said face member and said body member, a pressure chamber located between said body member and said plunger member, a fluid passageway located within said body member and providing for fluid communication between said fluid reservoir and said pressure chamber, and a leakage passageway defined by said outer peripheral surface of said face member and said body member providing for fluid communication between said reservoir and said outer cam engageable surface of said face member, said leakage passageway providing fluid flow from said reservoir to said outer cam engageable surface of said face member, said fluid flow effecting lubrication of said outer cam engageable surface.
  • a hydraulic valve lifter as defined in claim 6 further including check valve means disposed in said fluid passageway for controlling the fluid flow from said fluid reservoir to said pressure chamber to thereby control the axial extent of said hydraulic valve lifter.
  • a hydraulicvalve lifter for use in a direct acting overhead camshaft valve gear with an internal combustion engine comprising a body member, a plunger member located at least partially within said body member, a fluid reservoir disposed in said body member for receiving lubricating fluid from a source of fluid under pressure, a face member disposed in an opening in said body member above said fluid reservoir when said hydraulic valve lifter is in a normal operating condition, said face member including a cam engageable surface and an outer peripheral surface, said outer peripheral surface cooperating with said body member opening to provide a leakage passageway providing fluid flow from said fluid reservoir to said cam engageable outer surface.
  • a hydraulic valve lifter as defined in claim 8 further including a pressure chamber defined between said body member and said plunger member, a fluid passageway disposed in said body member and communicating at one end thereof with said fluid reservoir and the opposite end thereof with said pressure chamber, said fluid passageway providing for fluid flow from said fluid reservoir to said pressure chamber, and check valve means for controlling the fluid flow through said fluid passageway to thereby control the axial extent of said lifter.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)
US121648A 1971-03-08 1971-03-08 Hydraulic valve lifter Expired - Lifetime US3704696A (en)

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US12164871A 1971-03-08 1971-03-08

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US (1) US3704696A (pt)
BR (1) BR7201230D0 (pt)
DE (1) DE2211139A1 (pt)
FR (1) FR2141025A5 (pt)
IT (1) IT949964B (pt)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3877446A (en) * 1974-08-21 1975-04-15 Gen Motors Corp Hydraulic valve lifter
EP0030780A1 (en) * 1979-12-05 1981-06-24 Eaton Corporation Light weight tappet for direct-acting valve gear
US4319548A (en) * 1978-08-23 1982-03-16 Volkswagenwerk Aktiengesellschaft Internal-combustion engine having two rows of cylinders
US4483281A (en) * 1979-07-09 1984-11-20 Black Alfred A Poppet valve spring retainer with integral hydraulic tappet
US4580533A (en) * 1983-03-24 1986-04-08 Mazda Motor Corporation Valve mechanism having variable valve timing
US4582029A (en) * 1982-09-10 1986-04-15 Mazda Motor Corporation Valve timing control system for internal combustion engine
US4777842A (en) * 1985-01-29 1988-10-18 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Structure of camshaft bearing
US5005541A (en) * 1989-08-02 1991-04-09 Otai Tekko Kabushiki Kaisha And Koyo Seiko Co., Ltd. Hydraulic valve lifter
US5018488A (en) * 1989-05-03 1991-05-28 Jaguar Cars Limited Hydraulic tappets
US6397806B2 (en) * 2000-05-30 2002-06-04 Unisia Jecs Corporation Engine valve assembly for internal combustion engine

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2814096A1 (de) * 1978-04-01 1979-10-11 Daimler Benz Ag Mehrzylindrige brennkraftmaschine mit ventilabschaltung
IT1129888B (it) * 1980-11-21 1986-06-11 Riv Officine Di Villar Perosa Punteria idraulica con ripresa automatica di gioco per motori endotermici
US4567862A (en) * 1982-11-09 1986-02-04 Aisin Seiki Kabushiki Kaisha Hydraulic lifter device
GB9306221D0 (en) * 1993-03-25 1993-05-19 Lotus Car Valve control means
US5694894A (en) * 1993-03-25 1997-12-09 Lotus Cars Limited Valve control means

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2116749A (en) * 1933-09-25 1938-05-10 Eaton Mfg Co Compensating valve operating device
US2158222A (en) * 1936-11-17 1939-05-16 Ernest L Dayton Compensating valve mechanism
US2175467A (en) * 1938-12-21 1939-10-10 Charles E Johnson Hydraulic tappet
US3176669A (en) * 1963-03-02 1965-04-06 Motomak G M B H Self-adjusting hydraulic valve lifter for piston engines
US3385274A (en) * 1967-07-13 1968-05-28 Gen Motors Corp Variable stroke hydraulic valve lifter
US3406668A (en) * 1968-01-19 1968-10-22 Ford Motor Co Hydraulic tappet assembly
US3509858A (en) * 1968-05-20 1970-05-05 Gen Motors Corp Overhead cam valve lifter

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2116749A (en) * 1933-09-25 1938-05-10 Eaton Mfg Co Compensating valve operating device
US2158222A (en) * 1936-11-17 1939-05-16 Ernest L Dayton Compensating valve mechanism
US2175467A (en) * 1938-12-21 1939-10-10 Charles E Johnson Hydraulic tappet
US3176669A (en) * 1963-03-02 1965-04-06 Motomak G M B H Self-adjusting hydraulic valve lifter for piston engines
US3385274A (en) * 1967-07-13 1968-05-28 Gen Motors Corp Variable stroke hydraulic valve lifter
US3406668A (en) * 1968-01-19 1968-10-22 Ford Motor Co Hydraulic tappet assembly
US3509858A (en) * 1968-05-20 1970-05-05 Gen Motors Corp Overhead cam valve lifter

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3877446A (en) * 1974-08-21 1975-04-15 Gen Motors Corp Hydraulic valve lifter
US4319548A (en) * 1978-08-23 1982-03-16 Volkswagenwerk Aktiengesellschaft Internal-combustion engine having two rows of cylinders
US4483281A (en) * 1979-07-09 1984-11-20 Black Alfred A Poppet valve spring retainer with integral hydraulic tappet
EP0030780A1 (en) * 1979-12-05 1981-06-24 Eaton Corporation Light weight tappet for direct-acting valve gear
US4582029A (en) * 1982-09-10 1986-04-15 Mazda Motor Corporation Valve timing control system for internal combustion engine
US4580533A (en) * 1983-03-24 1986-04-08 Mazda Motor Corporation Valve mechanism having variable valve timing
US4777842A (en) * 1985-01-29 1988-10-18 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Structure of camshaft bearing
US5018488A (en) * 1989-05-03 1991-05-28 Jaguar Cars Limited Hydraulic tappets
US5005541A (en) * 1989-08-02 1991-04-09 Otai Tekko Kabushiki Kaisha And Koyo Seiko Co., Ltd. Hydraulic valve lifter
US6397806B2 (en) * 2000-05-30 2002-06-04 Unisia Jecs Corporation Engine valve assembly for internal combustion engine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IT949964B (it) 1973-06-11
DE2211139A1 (de) 1972-09-21
BR7201230D0 (pt) 1973-05-03
FR2141025A5 (pt) 1973-01-19

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