US369750A - Plumb-level - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- US369750A US369750A US369750DA US369750A US 369750 A US369750 A US 369750A US 369750D A US369750D A US 369750DA US 369750 A US369750 A US 369750A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- arbor
- hollow
- plumb
- level
- movement
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 230000000875 corresponding Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006011 modification reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000284 resting Effects 0.000 description 2
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C9/00—Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels
- G01C9/12—Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels by using a single pendulum plumb lines G01C15/10
Definitions
- My invention relates to that class of inclinometers or anglemeasurers in which the angularity between a horizontal line and a straight or plane surface which forms one side of the inclinometer is measured by the movement of an index or pointer rotating about a pivot at the center of a graduated face-plate.
- Figure 1 is a front elevation showing the relative position of the straight-edge, the faceplate, and the index of the inclinometer.
- Fig. 2 is a sectional view from front to rear through the line :0 a: of Fig. 1.
- Fig. 3 is another sectional view showing the interior mechanism on a plane at right angles to that employed in the section shown in Fig. 2.
- Fig. 4 shows a modification of my invention in which the movement of the index is controlled by two weightsinstead of by three, as shown in Fig. 3.
- a straightedge, D has attached to it a frame-work or casing, L.
- This case consists of a circular box closed at the rear and ar' ranged at the front to hold a graduated circular disk, B, through the center of which passes a hollow journal, J.
- a box In the center of the rear partof the case L is abox to receive a corresponding hollow journal, G.
- the hollow journals G and J are attached, respectively, to the back and front sides of 'a frame-work or case, F HF, of which oneside, H, is weighted, and the entire case F H F is capable of movement through an entire circle around the center of the hollow journal or trunnions J G, and in consequence of such movement the frame F H F comes to rest after the position of the inclinometer has been changed, with the weighted side H at the lowermost point, and with the openings through the hollow journals JG in aposition fixed with reference. to a horizontal line.
- work F H F thus constitutes a hollow pendulum swinging from the journals J G, and within it I hang asecond compound pendulum from the arbor O, which passes across the hol- The frame- Serial No. 235,305. (No model.)
- the weights M and N hang freely from the ends of the cross-piece P and can move for a short distance in any direction, their range of movement being limited by the sides of the inclosing frame-work F H F and by the weight K, which hangs between them, and I regulate the range of movement by means of the adj Listing-screws S S. that pass through them.
- the operation of the mechanism is as follows: Upon changing the inclination of the straight-edge D the hollow pendulum F H F, carrying with it the inclosed compound pendulum, seeks a position of rest with the weighted side H at the lowermost point; but, owing to frictional resistance of the bearings upon which it swings, it does not reach such a position with sufficient accuracy or with sufficient quickness to enable an indicator attached directly to it to be used practically in determining inclination.
- weight K rigidly attached to the arbor O
- that weight may be dispensed with and the same result may be attained by the use of the swinging iting the approximation of said weights to each other.
Description
(No Model.) 7 A. SPRA-NGER.
PLUMB LEVEL.
No. 369,750. Patented Sept. 13, 1887.
Q'vMMeoo/ea gnvamfoz N. PETERS MM?- Wa hhnginmllfi UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
ANTHONY SPRANGER, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN.
PLUMB-LEVEL.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 369,750, dated Septembe1 13, 1887.
Application filed April 19, 1887.
T 0 all 2071,0717, it may concern:
Be it known that I, ANTHONY SPRANGER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Detroit, in the county of Wayne and State of Michigan, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Inelinometers, ofwhich the following is a specification.
My invention relates to that class of inclinometers or anglemeasurers in which the angularity between a horizontal line and a straight or plane surface which forms one side of the inclinometer is measured by the movement of an index or pointer rotating about a pivot at the center of a graduated face-plate.
Figure 1 is a front elevation showing the relative position of the straight-edge, the faceplate, and the index of the inclinometer. Fig. 2 is a sectional view from front to rear through the line :0 a: of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is another sectional view showing the interior mechanism on a plane at right angles to that employed in the section shown in Fig. 2. Fig. 4 shows a modification of my invention in which the movement of the index is controlled by two weightsinstead of by three, as shown in Fig. 3.
A straightedge, D, has attached to it a frame-work or casing, L. This case consists of a circular box closed at the rear and ar' ranged at the front to hold a graduated circular disk, B, through the center of which passes a hollow journal, J. In the center of the rear partof the case L is abox to receive a corresponding hollow journal, G.
The hollow journals G and J are attached, respectively, to the back and front sides of 'a frame-work or case, F HF, of which oneside, H, is weighted, and the entire case F H F is capable of movement through an entire circle around the center of the hollow journal or trunnions J G, and in consequence of such movement the frame F H F comes to rest after the position of the inclinometer has been changed, with the weighted side H at the lowermost point, and with the openings through the hollow journals JG in aposition fixed with reference. to a horizontal line. work F H F thus constitutes a hollow pendulum swinging from the journals J G, and within it I hang asecond compound pendulum from the arbor O, which passes across the hol- The frame- Serial No. 235,305. (No model.)
low pendulum F H F from front to rear, and passes into or through the hollow journal G and through the hollow journal J, and supports at its outer end the index or pointer A. This arbor fits loosely in the journals through which it passes. and has one side out to a knife-edge. Across the arbor O, at about its middle point and at right angles to it, I fasten firmly a crosspiece, P, of which the ends are hooked to support weighted hangers M and N. I also fasten firmly to the pin 0. at right angles to it and at right angles to the cross-piece P, a weight, K.
The weights M and N hang freely from the ends of the cross-piece P and can move for a short distance in any direction, their range of movement being limited by the sides of the inclosing frame-work F H F and by the weight K, which hangs between them, and I regulate the range of movement by means of the adj Listing-screws S S. that pass through them.
The operation of the mechanism is as follows: Upon changing the inclination of the straight-edge D the hollow pendulum F H F, carrying with it the inclosed compound pendulum, seeks a position of rest with the weighted side H at the lowermost point; but, owing to frictional resistance of the bearings upon which it swings, it does not reach such a position with sufficient accuracy or with sufficient quickness to enable an indicator attached directly to it to be used practically in determining inclination. The desired accuracy and quickness are, however, attained by means of the compound pendulum, which swings from the knife-edged arbor, resting in the hollow journals J and G, and also the compound pendulum, by means of the freely-swinging weights M and N, which act as dampers, is brought quickly to rest.
The use of the weight K, rigidly attached to the arbor O, is not essential, as that weight may be dispensed with and the same result may be attained by the use of the swinging iting the approximation of said weights to each other.
3. In an inclinometer, the combination of a pointer mounted upon a vibrating arbor, balanced weights swinging freely from a crosspiece secured to said arbor, and a hanging weight secured directly to said arbor between 20 said balance-weights.
ANTHONY SPRANGER.
Witnesses:
ANNA E. WHITE, CHARLES F. BURTON.
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US369750A true US369750A (en) | 1887-09-13 |
Family
ID=2438765
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US369750D Expired - Lifetime US369750A (en) | Plumb-level |
Country Status (1)
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US (1) | US369750A (en) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2839834A (en) * | 1954-02-19 | 1958-06-24 | Rolland L Hardy | Precision pendulum-actuated vertical arc or circle for vertical angle measuring instruments |
US4517749A (en) * | 1983-08-15 | 1985-05-21 | Sperry Corporation | Stable plumb beam optical projector |
US6981331B1 (en) * | 2004-07-30 | 2006-01-03 | Poe Jr John W | Fork level indicator with magnetic dampening means |
US20060064887A1 (en) * | 2004-09-27 | 2006-03-30 | Shih-Chang Chang | Universal laser beam generating device |
US20090133757A1 (en) * | 2007-11-27 | 2009-05-28 | Peter Sabin Costin | Incline-responsive valve |
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0
- US US369750D patent/US369750A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2839834A (en) * | 1954-02-19 | 1958-06-24 | Rolland L Hardy | Precision pendulum-actuated vertical arc or circle for vertical angle measuring instruments |
US4517749A (en) * | 1983-08-15 | 1985-05-21 | Sperry Corporation | Stable plumb beam optical projector |
US6981331B1 (en) * | 2004-07-30 | 2006-01-03 | Poe Jr John W | Fork level indicator with magnetic dampening means |
US20060064887A1 (en) * | 2004-09-27 | 2006-03-30 | Shih-Chang Chang | Universal laser beam generating device |
US20090133757A1 (en) * | 2007-11-27 | 2009-05-28 | Peter Sabin Costin | Incline-responsive valve |
US8025073B2 (en) | 2007-11-27 | 2011-09-27 | Parker-Hannifin Corporation | Incline-responsive valve |
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