US3695884A - Photographic fluid container manufactured by freezing and sealing liquid - Google Patents

Photographic fluid container manufactured by freezing and sealing liquid Download PDF

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US3695884A
US3695884A US47452A US3695884DA US3695884A US 3695884 A US3695884 A US 3695884A US 47452 A US47452 A US 47452A US 3695884D A US3695884D A US 3695884DA US 3695884 A US3695884 A US 3695884A
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liquid
sheet
container
cavity
strip
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Edwin Land
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Polaroid Corp
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Polaroid Corp
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C8/00—Diffusion transfer processes or agents therefor; Photosensitive materials for such processes
    • G03C8/42—Structural details
    • G03C8/44—Integral units, i.e. the image-forming section not being separated from the image-receiving section
    • G03C8/46—Integral units, i.e. the image-forming section not being separated from the image-receiving section characterised by the trapping means or gas releasing means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/14—Details
    • G03B21/32—Details specially adapted for motion-picture projection
    • G03B21/43—Driving mechanisms

Definitions

  • the basic components of the film unit are a first or photosensitive sheet including a layer of a light-sensitive image-recording material such as silver halide, a second sheet adapted to be superposed with the photosensitive sheet, at least during processing, to aid in the distribution of the processing liquid between the sheets in contact with the exposed photosensitive sheet and a rupturable container of the viscous liquid processing agent adapted to unidirectionally release the processing liquid in response to hydraulic pressure generated within the liquid by the application of compressive stress to the container.
  • a first or photosensitive sheet including a layer of a light-sensitive image-recording material such as silver halide
  • a second sheet adapted to be superposed with the photosensitive sheet, at least during processing, to aid in the distribution of the processing liquid between the sheets in contact with the exposed photosensitive sheet
  • a rupturable container of the viscous liquid processing agent adapted to unidirectionally release the processing liquid in response to hydraulic pressure generated within the liquid by the application of compressive stress to the container.
  • the second sheet is initially secured in superposition with the photosensitive sheet prior to exposure (made through the second sheet) and remains in superposition with the photosensitive sheet following processing by viscous liquid distributed in a thin layer between the sheets.
  • the processing liquid is provided in a container having walls formed of sheet material impermeable to the liquid and gas and sealed in face-to-face relationship around a cavity filled with the processing liquid.
  • the seal around one side of the cavity is weaker than the remainder of the seal and is adapted to become unsealed and form a passage for discharging the liquid contents of the cavity in response to hydraulic pressure generated within the liquid.
  • the construction of this particular form of film unit is such that it is important to provide a very precise quantity of the processing liquid in a cavity having one dimension approximately equal to the width of the area over which the liquid is to be distributed.
  • a number of advantages can be realized in the construction of a film unit wherein the container is an integral portion of another component of the film unit, for example, wherein a wall of the container is also a section of the second sheet.
  • container forming and filling systems have been designed to utilize, handle and perform a number of operations on the liquid and gas impervious sheet material of which the walls of the container are formed, but have not been adapted to utilize,
  • Other objects of the invention are: to provide a novel and improved method of forming and filling rupturable containers with a viscous, aqueous photographic processing liquid which may be performed by equipment that is not required to handle or contact the viscous liquid; and to provide a method as described in which the viscous liquid is solidified by freezing, thereby providing for more precise control over the quantity of the container contents and the distribution of the liquid within the container as well as enabling film-manufacturing equipment to handle the liquid as if it were a solid.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view, partially in section, of a photographic film unit incorporating a rupturable container of processing liquid fabricated according to the method of the invention
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a solidified body of processing liquid illustrating a typical configuration of the solidified body
  • FIG. 7 is a somewhat schematic, perspective view showing the method of assembling the film unit of FIGS. 5 and 6.
  • the rupturable container and/or fihn unit manufactured according to the method of the invention comprises two opposed walls formed of a multilayer sheet material which is impermeable to the liquid and to gas.
  • the walls are rectangular andare bonded to one another around their margins to define therebetween a shallow, elongated rectangular cavity filled with the viscous processing liquid.
  • the seal along one long side of the cavity is weaker than the seal at the ends and at the opposite side of the cavity and is adapted to become unsealed throughout its length when compressive pressure is applied to the container.
  • This weaker seal is approximately equal in length to the liquid-filled cavity so that the liquid is released and discharged from the container cavity in the form of an elongated mass approximately equal in length to the cavity.
  • This basic type of container is well known in the art, being described in US. Pat. No. 2,543,181, issued Feb. 27, 1951 and embodied in photographic film sold by Polaroid Corporation for use in its self-developing cameras.
  • the container of processing liquid manufactured according to the method of the invention is especially adapted for incorporation in a film unit of the type shown in FIG. 1 of the drawings in which the thickness of the materials comprising the film unit are shown as exaggerated for purposes of clarity and illustration.
  • This film unit, designated 10 comprises photosensitive or imagerecording sheet 12, a second or image-receiving sheet 14 and a rupturable container 16 holding a quantity of processing liquid.
  • Sheets 12 and 14 are preferably rectangular and substantially coextensive with one another and are arranged in superposed face-to-face contact with at least one edge of each sheet aligned with one edge of the other.
  • mask sheet 20 in the form of a rectangular sheet large enough to extend beyond the edges of both the photosensitive and image-receiving sheets, secured in face-toface relation with the second sheet and having lateral edge portions at the sides and at one end folded around the sides and end of the superposed sheets and secured to the margins of the photosensitive sheet.
  • Mask sheet 20 is in the general form of a frame, having a large rectangular medial opening defining the extent of the image produced in the film unit, surrounded by lateral edge portions 24 and end portions 26 and 28.
  • Image-recording sheet 12 includes lateral marginal portions 30 and end marginal portion 34
  • sheet 14 includes lateral marginal portions 32 and an end marginal portion 36, the two sheets being located in face-to-face relation preferably with the edges thereof in alignment.
  • the lateral edge portions 24 and end portion 26 of mask sheet 20 are secured around and to, respectively, lateral marginal portions 30 and 32 of sheets 12 and 14 and end marginal portions 34 and 36 of the sheets, elfectively binding the two sheets to one an other along three sides thereof.
  • at least mask sheet 20 is formed of an opaque white material and container 16 may also include a white outer coating to provide a more aesthetically pleasing product.
  • Container 16 is of the type shown in US. Pat. No. 2,- 543,181 and is formed by :filling a rectangular blank of a fluid and gas impervious sheet material, medially and sealing the marginal sections of the blank to one another to form a cavity 18 for containing processing liquid.
  • the seal between longitudinal marginal sections 38 of the container is weaker than the end seals so that upon the application of a compressive force to the walls of the container in the region of the liquid-filled cavity and preferably, progressively from the opposite side of the cavity, there will be generated within the liquid hydraulic pressure sufficient to separate longitudinal marginal sections 38 throughout the major portion of their length to form a discharge mouth at least equal in length to the length of the cavity.
  • Container 16 is attached to the sheets of the film unit at the edges thereof opposite end portions 34 and 36 preferably with a longitudinal edge of the container butted against the edges of the sheets and with the discharge passage of the container aligned with the facing surfaces of the sheets.
  • Sheets 12 and 14 include, respectively, end marginal portions 40 and 42 and the means for coupling the container to the sheets include end portion 28 of mask sheet 20 secured to end marginal portion 42 of sheet 14 and longitudinal marginal sections 38 of the container so as to bridge the gap between the container and sheet 14; and a relatively narrow strip of tape 44 secured to end marginal portion 40 of sheet 12 and the other longitudinal marginal section 38 of the container to bridge the gap between the container and sheet 12.
  • the mask sheet 20 and strip 44 cooperate to provide a liquidtight wall between the marginal sections of the container defining the discharge mouth thereof and sheets 12 and 14 and form a conduit for conducting the liquid from the container between the sheets at end marginal portions 40 and 42.
  • the film unit shown is characterized by an integral unitary structure constructed so that its integrity may be maintained during and after exposure and processing to produce an attractive photographic print protected against injury or damage and having a uniform white border surrounding a well-defined rectangular image that extends to the border. This is accomplished by forming the second or image-receiving sheet of a transparent material and exposing the photosensitive sheet and viewing the final image through the second sheet which functions to protect both the image-recording medium and the final image.
  • the transparent image-receiving sheet and the image-record ing sheet may both be formed of conventional film base materials such as cellulose triacetate and are coated on their inner surfaces with appropriate layers.
  • the film unit may be especially designed to produce a full color image and the image-recording sheet will include at least a layer on its inner surface a layer comprising a conventional image-recording medium such as silver halide adapted to be exposed to produce an image.
  • Film unit 10 is of the type adapted to be processed, following exposure, by moving the film unit with container 16 foremost relative to and between a pair of juxtaposed pressure-applying members, first to compress the container and eject the liquid contents of the container between the photosensitive and second sheets 12 and 14 and then spread the processing liquid in a uniform thin layer between the sheets over an area at least coextensive with opening 22 in mask sheet 20.
  • compressive pressure is initially applied to container 16 generating hydraulic pressure in the liquid within cavity 18 effecting the rupture of the bond between longitudinal marginal portions 38 of the container and the discharge of the liquid in the form of an elongated mass between sheets 12 and 14 and end marginal portions 40 and 42.
  • the film unit includes means for controlling the thickness of the layer of processing liquid distributed between the sheets specifically by appropriately spacing apart the pressure-applying members.
  • the spacing between the pressure-applying member and hence, the thickness of the layer of processing liquid is determined by the thickness of the film unit at the lateral margins thereof which in turn is a function of the thickness of photosensitive and second sheets 12 and 14 and the thickness of lateral edge portions 24 of mask sheet 20. Since sheets 12 and 14 are of a substantially uniform thickness throughout, the thickness of the layer of processing liquid is determined by the thickness of mask sheet 20 and is approximately twice the thickness of the mask sheet.
  • the film unit illustrated and described herein may be adapted to be exposed and processed to produce a full color positive print and may include all of the materials and reagents required to produce such a print according to the process described in US. Pat. No. 2,983,606, issued May 9, 1961, in the name of Howard G. Rogers.
  • a print of this type may take the form of a multicolor dye-transfer image in a dyeable polymeric layer supported on second sheet 14 between the latter and an opaque layer located behind the image between it and the photosensitive medium.
  • This opaque layer comprises the processing liquid, initially provided in cavity 18 of container 16 in sufficient quantity to form an opaque layer of predetermined thickness, e.g., of the order of .004 inch.
  • the processing liquid preferably comprises an aqueous alkaline solution having a high pH at which dye developers in the image-recording medium are soluble and diffusible, and contains an opacifying agent in a quantity sufficient to mask the dye developer retained in the image-recording layer subsequent to processing and a film-forming viscosity increasing agent or agents to facilitate rupture of the cointainer and distribution of the liquid processng agent.
  • the opacifying agent normally will be present in a layer of liquid spread between the transparent image-receiving sheet and the image-recording sheet (which is preferably opaque) in a concentration sutficient to substantially limit, if not prevent, further exposure of the image-recording medium by actinic light transmitted by the transparent image-receiving sheet as well as to form a suitable background for viewing the dye-transfer image formed in the dyeable polymeric layer.
  • Opacifying agents particularly desirable for incorporation in the liquid processing composition are those providing a white background for viewing the transfer image and particularly those compositions conventionally employed to provide a background for photographic reflection prints and for having optical properties particularly suited for the reflection of incident radiation.
  • liquid should be quite viscous and contain a film-forming material in sufiicient quantities to impart a viscosity, for example, in excess of 100 centipoises at a temperature of 20 degrees centigrade and preferably of the order of 100 to 200,000 centipoises at said temperature.
  • a typical liquid processing composition suitable for incorporation in container 16 for use in a film unit of the type described to produce a dye transfer print is as follows:
  • a typical water and gas impermeable sheet material for forming the Walls of the container and adapted to be bonded to itself by the application of heat and pressure is a multilayer material comprising a support sheet such as 1.25 mil. white opaque glassine paper, an intermediate layer of lead foil approximately 1 mil. in thickness and an inner layer of a thermoplastic polymer such as polyvinyl chloride approximately 1.5 mil. thick.
  • Body 50 may be produced in a number of different ways, for example as shown in FIG. 2, by depositing a layer or strip 52 of the processing liquid onto the surface of a drum 54 which is rotated continuously and is cooled as by circulating a refrigerant through the drum, to solidify liquid layer 52 as it is deposited continuously on the drum.
  • Layer 52 is deposited on the drum. to substantially the desired thickness by a doctoring nozzle 56 and additional control over the thickness of the layer may be had by providing a doctor blade 58 behind the doctoring nozzle for reducing the thickness of the layer after cooling thereof has commenced.
  • the method of forming solidified bodies 50 is continuous and the processing liquid is deposited or cast on and solidified by drum 54 as a continuous strip 52 which is removed from the drum and passes into a suitable cutting device for cutting the continuous strip into individual sections of the requisite dimensions having beveled or tapered edges.
  • the strip or layer of processing liquid may be deposited and solidified on drum 54 so as to have a width equal to the length of body 50 and the edges of the strip may be beveled as the strip is formed by a variety of means including, for example, doctoring or planing the edges, or depositing the layer of liquid in a channel having inclined edges.
  • the surface of drum 54 is provided with a suitable release coat and a scraper 59 may be provided for insuring removal of any residue of the processing liquid from the drum ahead of doctoring nozzle 56.
  • the physical properties, specifically, hardness and flexibility, of the hardened strip of processing liquid may be selectively controlled by varying the temperature to which the processing liquid is cooled.
  • the strip of solidified liquid in a flexible condition to permit the strip which is cast on a cylindrical drum to be straightened into a planar configuration, the desired configuration of the pod cavity.
  • This is made possible as a result of the composition of the processing liquid, particularly the presence therein of the polymeric film forming agent. It has been found that the liquid will be sufiiciently solidified to permit handling as a flexible or plastic solid at temperatures of the order of to F. and will retain some flexibility down to temperatures of the order of 25 F.
  • the processing liquid In the solidified condition the processing liquid is not only flexible but easily cut by conventional web severing and slitting equipment including shears, slitting knives and the like, and at such temperatures, may not be brittle nor does it have a tendency to crack and shatter.
  • This property of the strip or web of solidified processing liquid enables the manufacture of solidified bodies by casting strips having a width equal to either the length or width dimension of the solidified bodies and severing the strip to the length of the other dimension; or casting a strip having a width which is a multiple of a dimension of the solidified body and then slitting the strip to form a multiplicity of strips which are then cut into sections of appropriate length by conventional techniques.
  • solidified bodies 50 are formed by casting a continuous strip having a width equal to the length of the bodies and then passing the strip through a cutting device comprising, for example, a first roll 60 mounting a plurality of cutting blades 62 around its periphery and a backing roll 64 for supporting strip 52 against the cutting blades.
  • Cutting blades 62 are shaped and mounted on roll 60 in such a way as to cut the strip at an angle so as to bevel the edges.
  • opposite edges may be beveled in opposite directions as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 or may be beveled in the same direction as shown in FIG. 2.
  • Following cutting solidified bodies may be loaded immediately into containers or they may be stored indefinitely in the frozen solidified condition. When the bodies are formed as a flexible curbed strip, they may be cooled still further after having been straightened and cut, prior to loading.
  • solidified bodies of processing liquid including, for example, extruding the liquid through a die having a cross section which is the same as the cross section of the solidified bodies and cooling the die so that the liquid emerges from the die as a continuous strip which is thereafter cut into sections of the desired length.
  • solidified bodies adapted to be loaded into containers may be formed by any of a number of conventional systems in which solids (such as metals) are formed by cooling and solidifying a liquid including, for example, casting and cooling the liquid in molds or the like.
  • the solidified liquid has another property which enables the formation of bodies of precisely controlled dimension and this is the deformability ofthe solidified liquid which enables a strip or body to be further formed by many methods similar to those employed in metal working such as by rolling or extrusion.
  • the strip and body may be compressed between a pair of rigid dies having the desired configuration.
  • the next step in the process is sealing the two faces of the strip together around the remaining three sides of the cavity, that is, transversely at opposite ends of the cavity and along the longitudinal edges of the strip. This is accomplished by compressing the strip between a pair of heated dies in the form of a pair of heated rolls 76.
  • the sealing of the container at the ends and along one side of the cavity may be accomplished in a single operation or in a sequence of operations in which the heat and/or pressure applied to the strips to form the end seals is greater than the heat and/or pressure applied to the longitudinal edge seal so as to form an edge seal adapted to become unsealed in response to hydraulic pressure generated within the liquid within the cavity.
  • the seals may be formed by employing a die having portions heated to different temperatures or by making the three seals in one step and applying additional heat and pressure to the end seals in one step and applying additional heat and pressure to the end seals in a succeeding step.
  • the container thus formed may be subjected to an additional forming operation, either before or after the liquid has been allowed to thaw, in which the container is compressed between a pair of forming dies, e.g., rollers.
  • the last step in the process involves severing successive containers from the strip or containers. This is accomplished in the apparatus shown by a rotary knife 78 adapted to act against an anvil 80 for severing the strip of containers as it is advanced between the knife and anvil.
  • variations of this process and apparatus include, for example, fixed pairs of dies that reciprocate toward and away from one another into and from engagement with the strip which is advanced intermittently and is held stationary during engagement between the dies. It is also possible to vary the order and sequence of some of the steps in the process; for example, the folded edge seal may be made after introduction of the solid body; the end seals may be formed prior to introduction of the solid body; and/or the container can be formed of two separate strips rather than a single strip; and/or the sides of the container may be oriented in horizontal planes rather than generally vertically during filling and assembly.
  • the container forming and filling process assumes many attributes of a packaging process involving liquids, so that the apparatus may be substantially simplified insofar as it is not required to handle and dispense a viscous and highly corrosive liquid.
  • This latter feature makes it possible to form all or a portion of the container from another component of the film unit, such as for example, the second or image-receiving sheet.
  • film assembly operations and container forming and filling operations are carried out by different equipment because of the nature of the different problems involved, the latter type of equipment being designed to handle the liquid involved whereas the film assembly equipment is not designed to handle liquids, but is designed to manipulate, form, and assemble solid materials usually in the form of sheets or webs.
  • FIGS. 5 through 7 illustrate a film unit and a method of fabricating and assembling a film unit in which one wall of the rupturable container of processing liquid is a section of the second or image-receiving sheet.
  • This film unit designated 82 is basically similar in both construction and function to film unit 10 and comprises a rectangular photosensitive sheet 84, a second or image-receiving sheet 86, and a mask sheet 88.
  • Second sheet 86 includes a first section which is generally rectangular and includes a rectangular medial embossed region in which the image is formed and a smaller end section contiguous to the first section and adapted to form one wall of a rupturable container.
  • This end section is coated on one surface with at least a layer of thermoplastic material and preferably with a plurality of layers adapted to render the end section impermeable to the processing liquid and to gas.
  • thermoplastic material preferably with a plurality of layers adapted to render the end section impermeable to the processing liquid and to gas.
  • S'econd sheet 86 may be formed, for example, of mil. cellulose triacetate rendered liquid and gas impermeable by laminating a 1.0 mil. film of lead to the end section, employing a suitable adhesive and coating the lead film with a 1.5 mil. layer of polyvinyl chloride.
  • the photosensitive sheet 84 is secured to second sheet 86 by mask sheet 88, the edge portions of which are adhered to the outer face of the first section of second sheet 86 around the margins of the embossed area and are folded around the end and lateral edges of the sheets and are adhered to the margins of the photosensitive sheet.
  • the material of the mask sheet may comprise white paper coated on the surface adapted to be heat sealed with a conventional heat sealing material such as plasticized nitrocellulose.
  • Mask sheet 88 may extend the full length of the film unit as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, or it may be slightly shorter as shown in the first embodiment of the film unit.
  • the continer of film unit 82 comprises a pair of walls sealed together in face-to-face relation around a liquid filled cavity and, in the form shown, one wall is defined by end section 90 of second sheet 86 and the other wall is defined by a rectangular cover sheet 92 formed of a liquid and gas impermeable laminate, such as previously described, sealed to end section 90 with an edge of the cover sheet butted against the edge of photosensitive sheet 84.
  • a narrow strip or tape 94 is secured in overlapping relation to the longitudinal edge portion of cover sheet 92 defining one side of the discharge passage of the container and the adjacent edge portion of photosensitive sheet 84 for conducting the liquid from the container between the photosensitive and seconds sheets.
  • the cavity of the container is formed by conforming or embossing cover sheet 92, while end section 90' remains in a substantially planar condition, to the shape of the liquid content of the cavity illustrated in FIG. 6 wherein the liquid is shown as a solid body 96 all four sides of which are beveled in the same direction so that the cross sectional configuration of the liquid body is a bilaterally symmetric trapezoid.
  • FIG. 7 This process is an essentially continuous assembly line process in which the materials are advanced either continuously or intermittently through various stations of apparatus which form and/or assemble the various components of the film units.
  • the continuous assembly operation in which mask sheet 88 functions as a carrier for the other components of a sequence of film units is the subject matter of application Ser. No. 135,539, filed Apr. 20, 1971, and commonly assigned herewith.
  • Second sheet 86 is provided in elongated form as a strip or web having a width equal to the length of the film unit and coated along one edge portion 90* with the laminae which form one liquid and gas impervious wall of the container.
  • Second sheet 86 is embossed and then advanced to a cutting and laminating station in which sheet 86 is laminated to an elongated mask sheet 88 which has been preformed with rectangular apertures and notches in the margins where the elongated sheet is eventually cut into individual sheets.
  • Mask sheet 88 is laminated by heat sealing to the leading portion of each successive second sheet 86 ahead of the position at which the second sheet is severed, and following severance of the second sheet, the remaining portion of the second sheet is laminated to the mask sheet which then functions as a carrier to support and advance the succession of second sheets through the remaining operations in the assembly process.
  • the individual second sheets 86 are mounted on the mask sheet is spaced relation so that the portions of the mask sheet intermediate adjacent second sheets constitute the lateral marginal portions of the mask sheet which are subsequently folded around the sides of the film unit and adhered to the lateral margins of the photosensitive sheets.
  • a solidified body 96 is deposited on the coated edge section of sheet 86, andv a cover sheet 92 is immediately applied in covering relation to body 96 and the edge section of sheet 86 and compressed against the solidified body to form a cavity containing the body While excluding air from the cavity
  • the next two steps in the process may be performed simultaneously at the same station of the apparatus or in succession, with the first of these being applying heat and pressure to the cover sheet and section of sheet 86 around the margins of the cavity to form the sealed container and locating photosensitive sheet 84 in proper position on the embossed area of second sheet 86 with the lateral and one end edge of the photosensitive sheet aligned with the corresponding edges of the second sheet.
  • the operations in which the solidified body is deposited on the second sheet, the cover sheet is applied and compressed, and heat sealed to the second sheet should be performed in relatively rapid succession so that heat sealing of the container is completed before the frozen liquid returns to a liquid state.
  • This melting time is a function of the temperatures of the solidified body, the coated section 90 of the second sheet and the cover sheet, and may be extended by lowering the temperature of any one of the three components that are assembled to form the liquid filled container.
  • the succeeding operations in the assembly process include applying and heat sealing a tape to the adjacent edges of the container and the image-recording sheet and severing the container cover sheet and the tape overlapping the container and photosensitive sheet; folding the end marginal section of the mask sheet around the edges of the photosensitive and second sheets; and heat sealing the marginal end section of the mask to the photosensitive sheet. Thereafter the mask sheet is cut midway between successive photosensitive sheets so that the remaining operations in the assembly process are carried out on individual, unconnected film units. These latter operations involve folding the lateral marginal portions of the mask around the edges of the photosensitive and second sheets and heat sealing the lateral marginal portions of each mask sheet to the margins of the photosensitive sheet to complete assembly of each film unit.
  • the processing liquid is in the form of a solid body rather than a viscous, highly corrosive liquid and is handled in the same manner as the other components of the film units.
  • the assembly process may be carried out continuously or intermittently, the former, in which the sheet materials are in continuous motion throughout the various stations and assembly operations and the latter in which operations are performed while the materials are stationary at least with respect to the apparatus.
  • solidifying the viscous, aqueous processing liquid facilitates the assembly line production of complete selfdeveloping film units, each containing a precisely predetermined quantity of the processing liquid in a rupturable container without the necessity in the assembly apparatus for special liquid handling equipment.
  • a process of manufacturing a photographic product comprising a container including a pair of walls substantially impermeable to fluids and at least one of which is formed of a flexible sheet material, joined to one another to form a cavity filled with a viscous liquid composition and having a sealed passage adapted to become unsealed to effect the unidirectional release of said viscous liquid in response to the application of compressive pressure to said container, the improvement comprising:
  • a viscous, aqueous liquid photographic processing composition adapted to at least activate a photographic developing agent, to form a solidified body having the configuration of the container cavity to be formed and filled with said liquid;
  • said imagerecording medium includes silver halide
  • said film unit includes a silver halide developing agent
  • said liquid includes an aqueous, alkaline solution for activating said silver halide developing agent.
  • a rupturable sealed container having a cavity of predetermined shape and volume filled with a viscous, aqueous, photographic, processing liquid adapted to at least activate a photographic developing agent, said container including a pair of sections of sheet material bonded together at the margins of said cavity to form a seal completely surrounding said cavity, said sections at one side of said cavity being bonded to form a seal approximately equal in length to said cavity and weaker than the remainder of said seal surrounding said cavity, the improvement comprising:
  • said liquid includes a water soluble, polymeric film-forming agent initially cooling said liquid until said solidified liquid forms a flexible body and thereafter altering the shape of said flexible body to conform to said cavity.
  • a method of forming and filling a cavity of a rupturable container with an accurately predetermined quantity of a viscous, aqueous, alkaline, photographic, processing liquid containing a polymeric thickening agent said container including a pair of walls impermeable to fiuids and at least one of which is formed of a flexible sheet material, said method including the steps of sealing said walls to one another at the margins of said cavity, the seal at one side of said cavity being approximately 13 equal in length to said cavity and weaker than the remainder of said seal surrounding said cavity, the improvement comprising:

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US47452A 1970-06-18 1970-06-18 Photographic fluid container manufactured by freezing and sealing liquid Expired - Lifetime US3695884A (en)

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Cited By (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6291128B1 (en) 1997-03-17 2001-09-18 Polaroid Corporation Photographic film assemblages of the self-developing type having removable portions
US6517989B2 (en) 2000-08-01 2003-02-11 Polaroid Corporation Retrofitted self-developing film assemblages and methods of making the same
US6565271B1 (en) * 2002-09-20 2003-05-20 Polaroid Corporation Self-developing film assemblages

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JP2011016082A (ja) * 2009-07-09 2011-01-27 Nitto Denko Corp 長尺積層フィルムの製造方法

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3415644A (en) * 1967-03-10 1968-12-10 Polaroid Corp Novel photographic products and processes
US3473925A (en) * 1968-05-23 1969-10-21 Polaroid Corp Photographic diffusion transfer color process and film unit for use therein

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6291128B1 (en) 1997-03-17 2001-09-18 Polaroid Corporation Photographic film assemblages of the self-developing type having removable portions
US6517989B2 (en) 2000-08-01 2003-02-11 Polaroid Corporation Retrofitted self-developing film assemblages and methods of making the same
US6565271B1 (en) * 2002-09-20 2003-05-20 Polaroid Corporation Self-developing film assemblages

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS5542373B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1980-10-30
GB1342572A (en) 1974-01-03
CA937086A (en) 1973-11-20

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