US3670173A - Starting arrangement for internal combustion engines - Google Patents

Starting arrangement for internal combustion engines Download PDF

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Publication number
US3670173A
US3670173A US90614A US3670173DA US3670173A US 3670173 A US3670173 A US 3670173A US 90614 A US90614 A US 90614A US 3670173D A US3670173D A US 3670173DA US 3670173 A US3670173 A US 3670173A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
starting
pinion
switch
relay
armature
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US90614A
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English (en)
Inventor
Gerhard Pfluger
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Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19691958444 external-priority patent/DE1958444C3/de
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
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Publication of US3670173A publication Critical patent/US3670173A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F02N11/08—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines
    • F02N11/087—Details of the switching means in starting circuits, e.g. relays or electronic switches
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F02N11/08—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines
    • F02N11/0851—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines characterised by means for controlling the engagement or disengagement between engine and starter, e.g. meshing of pinion and engine gear
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N15/00—Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
    • F02N15/02—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof
    • F02N15/04—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears
    • F02N15/06—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears the toothed gears being moved by axial displacement
    • F02N15/062—Starter drives
    • F02N15/065—Starter drives with blocking means

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT The electric starting motor for an internal combustion engine has its auxiliary field winding and series exciter coil so connected in an electric starting circuit that the field winding and exciter coil produce opposed magnetic fields that, together with the armature field, tend to turn, but do not actually turn, the armature shaft in reverse direction until the starting pinion and gear of the internal combustion engine mesh, whereupon a switch automatically changes the connection of the field winding so that the latter and the exciter coil produce aiding fields that, together with the armature field, turn the armature shaft in its normal direction.
  • the invention relates to a starting arrangement, having an electric starting motor, for an internal combustion engine.
  • One common starting arrangement of this kind has a pinion, driven by the electric starting motor, and an electromagnetic starting relay energized by a starting switch operable at volition, the relay meshing the pinion with a gear of the internal combustion engine and, when the meshing is nearly completed, closing a master switch to turn on the starting motor.
  • the starting arrangement also has a scheme for causing rotation of the pinion or of the armature shaft of the starting motor when the teeth of the pinion and of the gear of the internal combustion engine meet head on.
  • the previously described arrangement of the prior art has a coarse thread that couples the pinion to a sleeve, which is slidably mounted on a shaft driven by the starting motor.
  • the starting relay when energized, pushes the sleeve and pinion toward the gear of the internal combustion engine and turns on the starting motor when the pinion and gear mesh.
  • the sleeve continues to move forward so that the coarse thread causes the pinion to rotate until it can mesh with the gear.
  • This known arrangement comprising mechanical armature and a pinion rotation device, has the disadvantage that the relay must provide the force for advancing the sleeve while turning the armature shaft backwards, this force being relatively large, particularly with powerful starters.
  • Those starters having a connecting gear between the armature shaft and the pinion shaft require considerable force, because the armature torque rises in proportion with the gear ratio of the connecting gear.
  • heavy-duty relays must be used.
  • Powerful electromagnets require large windings, connecting leads with large cross sections, and contacts more resistant to burning. Aside from these disadvantages, more room is required.
  • An object of the invention is a starting arrangement for internal combustion engines that requires only a small amount of axial force from the starting relay when the pinion and the gear clash edge-on-edge, whereby the starting relay can be built as a very compact unit.
  • the invention consists essentially of an electric starting circuit having an electric starting motor, the shaft of which carrying a pinion adapted to mesh with a gear of the internal combustion engine, a current source for a starting motor, a master switch for connecting the starting motor to the current source, an electromagnetic starting relay for drivingly coupling the starting motor to the internal combustion engine when the relay is energized and for closing the master switch after the relay is energized and not before the starting motor is at least partly coupled to the internal combustion engine, a starting switch operable at volition for connecting the relay to the current source to energize the former, a coupling arrangement for causing relative rotation between said pinion and said shaft whenever the teeth of said pinion contact the teeth of the gear of the internal combustion engine but do not engage therewith, and a series exciter coil and an auxiliary field winding comprised by the starting motor and so connected in the starting circuit, when the starting switch is closed, that the resulting torque acting on the shaft of the starting motor, while the starting switch is closed but the master switch is open, is in the direction opposite to the normal
  • Numbered among the electric starting motors of the prior art are those having in addition to the series winding a shunt winding, which during the early part of the starting procedure in connected in series with the armature of the starting motor, whereas later it is connected in parallel with the armature.
  • These known arrangements do not have a mechanical armature and pinion rotation device: the armature shaft is not free to turn with respect to the pinion, and the shunt winding is of such a size that the motor turns slowly backwards during the early part of the starting procedure. Simultaneous reverse rotation and advance of the pinion does facilitate meshing, but, when the starting motor is turned on, the pinion teeth strike the gear with substantial force, which is sufficient to damage both the teeth of the pinion and of the gear with powerful starting motors.
  • the invention ensures reliable and gentle meshing with a starter having the so-called mechanical armature and pinion rotation device, without requiring a powerful electromagnet. If the pinion locks with the gear (edge-onedge), the armature shaft is turned with only a small amount of additional force from the starting relay, since the armature shaft of the starting motor is already subject to a reverse torque. Consequently, the starting relay can be correspondingly small, and in every case the pinion is meshed reliably and gently.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a circuit of the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a side view, partly cut away, of the mechanical construction of the invention.
  • an electric starting motor 10 having an armature 11, a series exciter coil 12, and an auxiliary field winding 13, is connected by a master switch 15, operated by an electromagnetic starting relay 14, to a current source 16.
  • the motor 10 has an armature shaft 17, which mounts a sliding gear 18 with a so-called mechanical armature and pinion rotation device, shown in FIG. 2.
  • the armature and pinion drive as is known, permits, under certain conditions, the armature shaft to turn with respect to the pinion.
  • the sliding gear 18 has a sleeve 19, which is free to move axially along, but not to rotate with respect to the armature shaft 17.
  • the circumferential surface of the sleeve 19 incorporates a coarse thread 20, which cooperates with a coupling member 21, the right-most face of which is provided with saw-tooth coupling teeth 22.
  • the end of the pinion 23 facing the coupling member 21 has saw-tooth coupling teeth 25, which cooperate with the teeth 22 of the member 21 in a manner to be described.
  • a sleeve 31 which loosely surrounds the coupling member 21 and is fixed to the rim of the teeth 25 of the pinion 23.
  • a slidable sleeve 32 Slipped over one end of the sleeve 19 is a slidable sleeve 32, the right end of which abuts against the left and of the cover 26.
  • a spring ring 33 cooperates with the annular shoulder 19 to prevent the sleeve 32 and the cover 26 from moving axially on the sleeve 19.
  • the slidable sleeve 32 is engaged by a starting, or engaging, lever 34, which is operated by the armature 35 of the starting relay 14.
  • the starting lever 34 axially shifts the sliding gear 18 along the armature shaft 17 so that the pinion 23 meshes with the gear 36 of an internal combustion engine, not shown.
  • the core 37 of the starting relay 14 has a draw-in coil 38 and a holding coil 39.
  • One end of the holding coil 39 is connected by a starting switch 40 to the current source 16, and the other end is connected to ground.
  • One end of the draw-in coil 38 is connected to the dead terminal of the startingv switch 40 and the other end is connected to the dead terminal of the master switch 15.
  • the movable contacts of the master switch 15 and of an auxiliary switch 43 are mounted on the relay armature 35.
  • the auxiliary switch 43 comprises a rest contact 41 and a make contact 42.
  • auxiliary switch 43 connects the armature 11 by way of the auxiliary field winding 13 to the dead contact of the starting switch 40, the live contact of which'is directly connected to the current source 16.
  • this connection of the circuit which, when the starting switch 40 is closed, corresponds to the pre-starting stage, the draw-in coil 12 of the motor, and this series connection is shunted across the auxiliary field winding 13.
  • the windings 12 and 13, in this connection, are so energized that they have opposing magnetic fields.
  • the master switch 15 When the relay armature 35 has been attracted all the way to the right, the master switch 15 is closed, and the movable contact of the auxiliary switch 43 contacts the make contact 42.
  • the series exciter coil 12 In this connection of the circuit, which corresponds to the starting stage of the starter, the series exciter coil 12 is connected by way of a main switch 15 directly to the current source 16; and the auxiliary field winding is shunted across the armature 11 and connected to ground.
  • the relay draw-in coil 38 is not energized, and the holding coil 39 is connected by the starting switch 40 in parallel with the starting motor and to the current source 16.
  • the starting lever 34 transmits the draw-in movement of the relay armature to the slidable sleeve 32.
  • the sliding gear 18 shifts towards the gear 36 of the internal combustion engine. If the teeth of the pinion 23 and the gear 36 are correctly positioned with respect to each other, the pinion and gear mesh. Once the two are in mesh, the make contact 42 and the master switch 15 are closed.
  • the series exciter coil 12 and the auxiliary field winding 13, which latter now acts as a shunt winding, produce, together with the field of the armature 11, a torque that turns the armature shaft 17 in the normal direction of rotation of the electric starting motor 10.
  • the torque is transmitted by the shaft 17, the sleeve 19, the coarse thread 20, the coupling member 21, and the coupling teeth 22 and 25 to the pinion 23 and the gear 36.
  • the sleeve 19 and the bearing sleeve 24 move, relative to the coupling member 21 and the pinion 23, nearer to the gear 36.
  • the coarse thread 20 causes the coupling member 21 and the pinion 23 to turn; the pinion teeth move with respect to the gear teeth until the pinion 24 can mesh with the gear 36.
  • the coarse thread 20 causes the sleeve 19 and the armature shaft 17 to turn in the direction opposite the normal direction of rotation. This turning is supported by the reverse direction torque exerted on the armature 11 as long as the starting switch 40 is closed and the master switch 15 is open, Consequently, the starting relay 14 virtually has only to supply the necessary axial force to compress the coil springs 29 and 30.
  • the sawtooth coupling teeth 22 and 25 provide a positive coupling between the sleeve 19 and the pinion 23.
  • the forces acting on the teeth 22 and 25 reverse direction, and these teeth release against the force of the spring 29 and break the coupling between the sleeve 19 and the pinion.
  • an electric starting circuit having an electric starting motor, the shaft of which carries a pinion adapted to mesh with a gear of the internal combustion engine, a current source for said starting motor, a master switch for connecting said starting motor to said current source, an electromagnetic starting relay for drivingly coupling said starting motor to said internal combustion engine when the relay is energized and for closing said master switch after the relay is energized and not before said starting motor is at least partly coupled to the'internal combustion engine, a starting switch operable at volition for connecting said relay to said current source to energize the former, a coupling means for causing relative rotation between said pinion and said shaft whenever the teeth of said pinion contact the teeth of the gear of the internal combustion engine but do not mesh therewith, and a series exciter coil and an auxiliary field winding comprised by said starting motor and so connected in said starting circuit, when said starting switch is closed, that the
  • auxiliary switch means operated by said starting relay, and connected to said current source and said auxiliary field winding, for connecting said auxiliary field winding in said electric starting circuit so that the field of said winding opposes the field of said series exciter coil under the aforesaid conditions, and for changing the connection of said winding in said electric starting circuit when said master switch closes so that the field of said winding aids the field of said series exciter coil under the aforesaid conditions.
  • starting relay has an armature for operating said master switch and said auxiliary switch.
  • said starting motor has an armature and said starting relay has a draw-in coil and a holding coil, and when said starting switch is closed and said master is open said series exciter coil and said draw-in coil are connected in series and shunted across said auxiliary field winding to form a parallel circuit, said parallel circuit being connected in series with said annature, starting switch, and current source.
  • said coupling means further comprising a sleeve mounted coaxially on said shaft and shiftable along the axis of the same, said sleeve having a second axial thread meshed with said first screw thread, said sleeve being movable along said axis toward said internal gear in response to actuation of said starting relay, whereby when said pinion engages said gear without being able to mesh therewith, relative axial movement between said pinion and said sleeve results in relative rotation of said pinion with respect to said shaft.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
  • Synchronous Machinery (AREA)
US90614A 1969-11-21 1970-11-18 Starting arrangement for internal combustion engines Expired - Lifetime US3670173A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19691958444 DE1958444C3 (de) 1969-11-21 Einrichtung zum Anlassen von Brennkraftmaschinen

Publications (1)

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US3670173A true US3670173A (en) 1972-06-13

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US90614A Expired - Lifetime US3670173A (en) 1969-11-21 1970-11-18 Starting arrangement for internal combustion engines

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US (1) US3670173A (pl)
JP (1) JPS4913808B1 (pl)
ES (1) ES385728A1 (pl)
FR (1) FR2066734A5 (pl)
GB (1) GB1288849A (pl)
PL (1) PL81348B1 (pl)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4916327A (en) * 1988-12-12 1990-04-10 General Motors Corporation Electronic starting motor control having pinion block protection
EP2110544A1 (fr) * 2008-04-15 2009-10-21 Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur Dispositif de démarrage pour moteur à combustion interne, notamment de véhicule automobile
CN108087175A (zh) * 2017-12-18 2018-05-29 四川鸿翔汽车电器有限公司 一种丝杆传动起动机及其控制方法

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4019393A (en) * 1976-01-12 1977-04-26 Facet Enterprises, Inc. Engine starter gearing

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2689310A (en) * 1953-03-25 1954-09-14 Scintilla Ltd Electric starting motor for internal-combustion engines
US2939964A (en) * 1957-03-06 1960-06-07 Gen Motors Corp Starting systems

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2689310A (en) * 1953-03-25 1954-09-14 Scintilla Ltd Electric starting motor for internal-combustion engines
US2939964A (en) * 1957-03-06 1960-06-07 Gen Motors Corp Starting systems

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4916327A (en) * 1988-12-12 1990-04-10 General Motors Corporation Electronic starting motor control having pinion block protection
EP2110544A1 (fr) * 2008-04-15 2009-10-21 Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur Dispositif de démarrage pour moteur à combustion interne, notamment de véhicule automobile
CN108087175A (zh) * 2017-12-18 2018-05-29 四川鸿翔汽车电器有限公司 一种丝杆传动起动机及其控制方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1958444B2 (de) 1975-09-04
DE1958444A1 (de) 1971-06-03
ES385728A1 (es) 1973-04-01
GB1288849A (pl) 1972-09-13
FR2066734A5 (pl) 1971-08-06
PL81348B1 (pl) 1975-08-30
JPS4913808B1 (pl) 1974-04-03

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