US3651241A - Automatic rhythm performance device - Google Patents

Automatic rhythm performance device Download PDF

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Publication number
US3651241A
US3651241A US149464A US3651241DA US3651241A US 3651241 A US3651241 A US 3651241A US 149464 A US149464 A US 149464A US 3651241D A US3651241D A US 3651241DA US 3651241 A US3651241 A US 3651241A
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United States
Prior art keywords
circuits
circuit
rhythm
inverting
clipper
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US149464A
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English (en)
Inventor
Ikutaro Kakehashi
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ACE ELECTRONIC IND Inc
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ACE ELECTRONIC IND Inc
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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
    • G10H1/00—Details of electrophonic musical instruments
    • G10H1/36—Accompaniment arrangements
    • G10H1/40—Rhythm
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K3/00—Circuits for generating electric pulses; Monostable, bistable or multistable circuits
    • H03K3/78—Generating a single train of pulses having a predetermined pattern, e.g. a predetermined number
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K5/00—Manipulating of pulses not covered by one of the other main groups of this subclass
    • H03K5/01—Shaping pulses
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K5/00—Manipulating of pulses not covered by one of the other main groups of this subclass
    • H03K5/156—Arrangements in which a continuous pulse train is transformed into a train having a desired pattern
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
    • G10H2230/00—General physical, ergonomic or hardware implementation of electrophonic musical tools or instruments, e.g. shape or architecture
    • G10H2230/045—Special instrument [spint], i.e. mimicking the ergonomy, shape, sound or other characteristic of a specific acoustic musical instrument category
    • G10H2230/251—Spint percussion, i.e. mimicking percussion instruments; Electrophonic musical instruments with percussion instrument features; Electrophonic aspects of acoustic percussion instruments or MIDI-like control therefor
    • G10H2230/265—Spint maracas, i.e. mimicking shells or gourds filled with seeds or dried beans, fitted with a handle, e.g. maracas, rumba shakers, shac-shacs
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
    • G10H2230/00—General physical, ergonomic or hardware implementation of electrophonic musical tools or instruments, e.g. shape or architecture
    • G10H2230/045—Special instrument [spint], i.e. mimicking the ergonomy, shape, sound or other characteristic of a specific acoustic musical instrument category
    • G10H2230/251—Spint percussion, i.e. mimicking percussion instruments; Electrophonic musical instruments with percussion instrument features; Electrophonic aspects of acoustic percussion instruments or MIDI-like control therefor
    • G10H2230/275—Spint drum
    • G10H2230/305—Spint drum snare, i.e. mimicking using strands of snares made of curled metal wire, metal cable, plastic cable, or gut cords stretched across the drumhead, e.g. snare drum, side drum, military drum, field drum
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
    • G10H2230/00—General physical, ergonomic or hardware implementation of electrophonic musical tools or instruments, e.g. shape or architecture
    • G10H2230/045—Special instrument [spint], i.e. mimicking the ergonomy, shape, sound or other characteristic of a specific acoustic musical instrument category
    • G10H2230/251—Spint percussion, i.e. mimicking percussion instruments; Electrophonic musical instruments with percussion instrument features; Electrophonic aspects of acoustic percussion instruments or MIDI-like control therefor
    • G10H2230/275—Spint drum
    • G10H2230/311—Spint bongo
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
    • G10H2230/00—General physical, ergonomic or hardware implementation of electrophonic musical tools or instruments, e.g. shape or architecture
    • G10H2230/045—Special instrument [spint], i.e. mimicking the ergonomy, shape, sound or other characteristic of a specific acoustic musical instrument category
    • G10H2230/251—Spint percussion, i.e. mimicking percussion instruments; Electrophonic musical instruments with percussion instrument features; Electrophonic aspects of acoustic percussion instruments or MIDI-like control therefor
    • G10H2230/321—Spint cymbal, i.e. mimicking thin center-held gong-like instruments made of copper-based alloys, e.g. ride cymbal, china cymbal, sizzle cymbal, swish cymbal, zill, i.e. finger cymbals
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S84/00—Music
    • Y10S84/08—Keyed oscillators

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an automatic rhythm performance device and, more particularly, to'a device in which any desired rhythm can be obtained by synthesizing the rectangular waveforms of output signals from a plurality of counting circuits into inverting circuits with resistant circuit networks and/or into clipper circuit with resistant circuit networks.
  • any desired type of pulse train is obtained by combining sequential pulses from counter circuits combined to a tempo oscillator to make a ring circuit, by picking up pulses necessary to make the pulse train and by synthesizing the pulses.
  • the number of the counter circuits becomes equal to the number of the minimum units of the rhythm to be obtained so that a large number of constitutional elements are required to make up the device.
  • any desired type of pulse train is obtained by connecting diode matrix circuits to counter circuits and, in this matrix circuits, output pulses obtained by differentiating directly the output signal of the counter circuits are synthesized with output pulses of square wavefon'n obtained from the counter circuits without losing the DC component of the pulses.
  • the number of the counter circuits are made less than that of the first mentioned prior art device.
  • the output signals from a counting circuit is synthesized by means of resistant circuit networks provided at the first stage of inverting circuits and/or clipper circuits and, therefor, an automatic rhythm performance device is obtained with less constitutional elements than those in any prior art device.
  • FIG. I shows the block diagram of an embodiment of the automatic rhythm performance device provided in accordance with this invention
  • FIG. 2 shows the output waveforms of the counter circuits shown in FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 3 is the inverting circuit of this invention
  • FIG. 4 is the clipper circuits of this invention.
  • FIG. 5 shows the pulse waveforms which explain the operation of the inverting circuits shown in FIG. 3, and 1
  • FIG. 6 shows the pulse waveforms which explain the opera tion of the clipper circuits shown in FIG. 4.
  • a variable frequency tempo oscillator l is connected to a counter circuit 2 comprising a ternary counter circuit 3 and flip-flop circuits 4 to 7 connected in series.
  • the tempo oscillator can be implemented employing a pulse generator and frequency control as shown in US. Pat. No. 3,358,068 to R. H. Campbell, Jr. and hereby incorporated by reference.
  • the outputs of the'fiip-flop circuits are connected to a plurality of resistant circuit networks 8.
  • the output of the resistant circuit networks connected to a plurality of inverting rectifiers II through differentiation circuits 9 or to a plurality of differentiation circuits 12 through clippers I0.
  • the outputs of the inverting rectifiers and the differentiation circuits are connected to rhythm selectors 13, the output therefrom being connected to a plurality of percussive sound generators 14.
  • the outputs of the percussive sound generators are connected to a speaker 16 through an amplifier 15.
  • An inverting circuit I is comprised of resistant circuit networks 8, differentiation circuits 9 and inverting rectifiers II and a clipper circuit II is comprised of resistant circuit networks 8, clippers l0 and differentiation circuits 12.
  • the inverting circuit I is comprised of the following elements:
  • Input terminals 17, 18, I9 and 20 are connected respectively to one end of resistances R,, R,, R, and R
  • the other ends of the resistances R,, R,, R, and R are connected to apoint P and the point P is further connected to one end of a resistance R, and to one end of a capacitance C
  • the other end of the resistance R is grounded.
  • the other end of the capacitance C is connected to a point P
  • the point P is connected to one end a of a resistance R. and to one end of the primary winding of a transformer T
  • the other end of the resistance R is grounded.
  • the other end of the primary winding is also grounded.
  • To the secondary .winding of the transformer T the cathodes of diodes D and D, are connected and the center tap of the transformer T, is grounded.
  • the anodes of the two diodes are connected to an output terminal 21.
  • the clipper circuit II is comprised of the following elements:
  • Input terminals 22, 23 and 24 are connected respectively to one end of resistances R-,, R, and R
  • the other ends of the resistances R R and R, are connected to a point P and the point P is-further connected to one end of a resistance R and .to the anode of a diode 0;.
  • the other end of theresistance R is grounded and the cathode of the diode D, is connected to a reference voltage E,.
  • the point P is connected to one end of a capacitance C, through a point P
  • the other end of the capacitance C is connected to a point P
  • the point P is connected to one end of a resistance R and to the cathode of a diode D
  • the anode of the diode D is connected to an output terminal 25.
  • the diode D serves as a clipper at a proper level to the stepped waves which are synthesized by resistant circuit network 8 in order to obtain a plurality of rectangular waveform necessary to constitute a desired rhythm.
  • the diode D serves as a buffer diode to minimize the effects of other circuit.
  • the reference voltage E provides a voltage level at which clipping is effected.
  • the number of the inverting circuit I and the clipper circuit II is to be the same as'the number of the pulse trains which constitute the rhythm desired.
  • the number of the two circuits is not necessarily the same as the number of the pulse trains. For example, even though five circuits are required to constitute Bossa Nova, four circuits are required to constitute tangos and I0 circuits are required to constitute waltz, all the 19 circuits are not required in order to play the three rhythms.
  • the waveform T represents the output pulses from tempo oscillator 1 shown in FIG. 1.
  • the numbers 1, 2, 3 denote the order of the pulse trains in tempo oscillator l.
  • the waveforms A, A B, B C, C D, D and E, E represent, respectively the outputs from ternary counter circuits 3; flip flop 4; flip-flop 5; flip-flop 6 and flip-flop 7.
  • the output waveforms B, C, D and E out of counter circuit 2 are applied to the input terminals of resistant circuit network 8 of the inverting circuit I, as shown in FIG. 1, more particularly, to input terminals 17 to 20 as shown in FIG. 3.
  • the output waveforms applied provide a staired waveform F as shown in FIG. 5 at point P, in FIG. 3 through resistances R to R in the same figure.
  • differentiation circuit 9 in FIG. 1 which is comprised of capacitance C and resistance 6 shown in FIG. 3
  • a pulse train of a waveform G as shown in FIG. 5 is provided at point P in FIG. 3.
  • pulse train is inverted and rectified as a pulse train of waveform H as shown in FIG. 5, which has negative pulses only, through inverting rectifier 11 in FIG. 1, more particularly through the transformer T, and the diodes D and D
  • the pulse train thus obtained has a number of negative pulses, such as 4, l0, l3, 16, 22 and 25, as shown in FIG. 5.
  • the output waveforms A, C and D out of counter circuit 2 are applied to the input terminals of resistant circuit network 8 of the clipper circuit II, as shown in FIG. 1, more particularly, to input terminals 22 to 24 as shown in FIG. 4.
  • the output waveforms applied provide a staired waveform I as shown in FIG. 6 at point P in FIG. 4 through resistances R to R in the same figure.
  • As the waveform I is clipped by clipper 10 with a voltage level of the reference voltage E, in Flg. l, which is comprised of diode D shown in FIG. 4, a pulse train of a waveform J as shown in FIG. 6 is provided at point P, in FIG. 4.
  • the pulse train is differentiated by differentiation circuit 12in FIG.
  • the inverting circuit I and the clipper circuit II are actually used to obtain an automatic rhythm performance device, one of the two circuits are used in plural or the two circuits are used in combination, in other words the n inverting circuits I to I, and the m clipper circuits II, to II are utilized.
  • a number of pulse trains are selected out of the pulse trains H, H, I-I, whil H, produced by the inverting circuits 1,, I, l I,,, respectively and out of the pulse trains L, L L L,, produced by the clipper circuits II II,,, II,-
  • pulse trains H, H, L and L are connected to rhythm selector 13a.
  • Rhythm selectors 13b, 13c are similarly connected to a number of pulse trains specifically selected.
  • rhythm selector 13a When rhythm selector 13a is to be actuated to obtain a rhythm desired, such as tangos, the outputs of rhythm selector 13a are applied to a number of percussive sound generators 14a, 14b, 14c and 14d.
  • the output of each of the four percussive sound generators provides, a respective music, such as, bongo music, maracas music, cymbal music and snare drum music.
  • These outputs from the percussive sound generators are synthesized in amplifier l5 and applied to speaker 16 to generate a rhythm, tangos.
  • rhythm selector 13b When rhythm selector 13b is to be actuated to obtain a rhythm desired, such as waltz, the outputs of the rhythm selector are applied to the percussive sound generators used to provide the rhythm waltz to generate a rhythm, waltz, from the speaker. In this manner, rhythm selector 13c etc. are actuated to obtain actuated to obtain a rhythm, such as mambo, Bossa Nova, trot.
  • circuits shown in FIG. 1 is prepared by means of printed resistance and capacitance the circuits can be naturally made in a mass-production system to make the cost of the rhythm performance device cheaper and this means a remarkable improvement in the industrial field concerned.
  • An automatic rhythm performance device comprised of:
  • a counter circuit connected to a tem o oscillator having variable frequency; inverting circuits inc udrng serially connected resistant circuit networks, differentiation circuits and inverting rectifiers, said inverting circuits being connected to said counter circuit; clipper circuits including serially connected resistant circuit networks, clippers and differentiation circuits, said clipper circuits being also connected to said counter circuit; rhythm selectors connected to predetermined circuits of said inverting circuits and said clipper circuits; percussive sound generators connected to said rhythm selectors and a speaker whereby the output signals out of said counting circuit is synthesized by means of said inverting circuits and said clipper circuits to provide a pulse train of a desired rhythm and to actuate said percussive sound generator by said pulse train.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Electrophonic Musical Instruments (AREA)
US149464A 1970-06-10 1971-06-03 Automatic rhythm performance device Expired - Lifetime US3651241A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP5056670 1970-06-10

Publications (1)

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US3651241A true US3651241A (en) 1972-03-21

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US149464A Expired - Lifetime US3651241A (en) 1970-06-10 1971-06-03 Automatic rhythm performance device

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3651241A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE757772A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2128800B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1297319A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL7016728A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ZA (1) ZA708302B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3971283A (en) * 1974-08-29 1976-07-27 D. H. Baldwin Company Electronic Zimbelstern
US20130339035A1 (en) * 2012-03-29 2013-12-19 Smule, Inc. Automatic conversion of speech into song, rap, or other audible expression having target meter or rhythm

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3540176A1 (de) * 1985-11-13 1987-05-21 Martin Willems Taktgeber

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3255292A (en) * 1964-06-26 1966-06-07 Seeburg Corp Automatic repetitive rhythm instrument timing circuitry
US3358068A (en) * 1964-06-26 1967-12-12 Seeburg Corp Automatic rhythm device
US3482027A (en) * 1965-04-30 1969-12-02 Nippon Columbia Automatic rhythm instrument

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3255292A (en) * 1964-06-26 1966-06-07 Seeburg Corp Automatic repetitive rhythm instrument timing circuitry
US3358068A (en) * 1964-06-26 1967-12-12 Seeburg Corp Automatic rhythm device
US3482027A (en) * 1965-04-30 1969-12-02 Nippon Columbia Automatic rhythm instrument

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3971283A (en) * 1974-08-29 1976-07-27 D. H. Baldwin Company Electronic Zimbelstern
US20130339035A1 (en) * 2012-03-29 2013-12-19 Smule, Inc. Automatic conversion of speech into song, rap, or other audible expression having target meter or rhythm
US9666199B2 (en) * 2012-03-29 2017-05-30 Smule, Inc. Automatic conversion of speech into song, rap, or other audible expression having target meter or rhythm
US10290307B2 (en) 2012-03-29 2019-05-14 Smule, Inc. Automatic conversion of speech into song, rap or other audible expression having target meter or rhythm
US12033644B2 (en) 2012-03-29 2024-07-09 Smule, Inc. Automatic conversion of speech into song, rap or other audible expression having target meter or rhythm

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE757772A (fr) 1971-04-01
NL7016728A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-12-14
DE2128800A1 (de) 1972-01-27
DE2128800B2 (de) 1976-06-10
GB1297319A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-11-22
ZA708302B (en) 1971-09-29

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