US3634268A - Liquid detergent compositions - Google Patents
Liquid detergent compositions Download PDFInfo
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- US3634268A US3634268A US853482A US3634268DA US3634268A US 3634268 A US3634268 A US 3634268A US 853482 A US853482 A US 853482A US 3634268D A US3634268D A US 3634268DA US 3634268 A US3634268 A US 3634268A
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- sulfonate
- liquid detergent
- detergent compositions
- urea
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title abstract description 22
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title abstract description 16
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 title abstract description 14
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 12
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910052816 inorganic phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 150000004996 alkyl benzenes Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 5
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 12
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- -1 alkylbenzene sulfonate Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 7
- QUCDWLYKDRVKMI-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;3,4-dimethylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CC1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1C QUCDWLYKDRVKMI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Natural products CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000003165 hydrotropic effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229940048842 sodium xylenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 5
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- RWGFKTVRMDUZSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N cumene Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 RWGFKTVRMDUZSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl benzenesulfonate;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003752 hydrotrope Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940080264 sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- RYCLIXPGLDDLTM-UHFFFAOYSA-J tetrapotassium;phosphonato phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O RYCLIXPGLDDLTM-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 2
- CKNOIIXFUKKRIC-HZJYTTRNSA-N (9z,12z)-n,n-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)octadeca-9,12-dienamide Chemical compound CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)N(CCO)CCO CKNOIIXFUKKRIC-HZJYTTRNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LPMBTLLQQJBUOO-KTKRTIGZSA-N (z)-n,n-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)octadec-9-enamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)N(CCO)CCO LPMBTLLQQJBUOO-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KQIXMZWXFFHRAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2-hydroxybutylamino)butan-2-ol Chemical compound CCC(O)CNCC(O)CC KQIXMZWXFFHRAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SWKVSFPUHCMFJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-methyl-2-oxo-5-pyridin-4-yl-1h-pyridine-3-carboxamide Chemical compound N1C(=O)C(C(N)=O)=CC(C=2C=CN=CC=2)=C1C SWKVSFPUHCMFJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000388 Polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000318 alkali metal phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LHIJANUOQQMGNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N aminoethylethanolamine Chemical compound NCCNCCO LHIJANUOQQMGNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PQXRVHVVXKJMDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;benzene Chemical compound N.C1=CC=CC=C1 PQXRVHVVXKJMDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940077388 benzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002079 cooperative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- LVTYICIALWPMFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diisopropanolamine Chemical compound CC(O)CNCC(C)O LVTYICIALWPMFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940043276 diisopropanolamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000011180 diphosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004851 dishwashing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940005740 hexametaphosphate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000004900 laundering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005341 metaphosphate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001205 polyphosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011176 polyphosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000007686 potassium Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- MYGBBCKCTXSGOB-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;2-propan-2-ylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound [K+].CC(C)C1=CC=CC=C1S([O-])(=O)=O MYGBBCKCTXSGOB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- GHKGUEZUGFJUEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;4-methylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound [K+].CC1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1 GHKGUEZUGFJUEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940077386 sodium benzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940079842 sodium cumenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J sodium diphosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H sodium hexametaphosphate Chemical compound [Na]OP1(=O)OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])O1 GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 235000019982 sodium hexametaphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- KVCGISUBCHHTDD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;4-methylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CC1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1 KVCGISUBCHHTDD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- QEKATQBVVAZOAY-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;4-propan-2-ylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CC(C)C1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1 QEKATQBVVAZOAY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- MZSDGDXXBZSFTG-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;benzenesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 MZSDGDXXBZSFTG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003871 sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003784 tall oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019818 tetrasodium diphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001577 tetrasodium phosphonato phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- LBLYYCQCTBFVLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M toluenesulfonate group Chemical class C=1(C(=CC=CC1)S(=O)(=O)[O-])C LBLYYCQCTBFVLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-I triphosphate(5-) Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 1
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 235000019801 trisodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000406 trisodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GDJZZWYLFXAGFH-UHFFFAOYSA-M xylenesulfonate group Chemical group C1(C(C=CC=C1)C)(C)S(=O)(=O)[O-] GDJZZWYLFXAGFH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
- C11D3/04—Water-soluble compounds
- C11D3/06—Phosphates, including polyphosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/38—Cationic compounds
- C11D1/65—Mixtures of anionic with cationic compounds
- C11D1/655—Mixtures of sulfonated products with alkylolamides of carboxylic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/26—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
- C11D3/32—Amides; Substituted amides
- C11D3/323—Amides; Substituted amides urea or derivatives thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/34—Organic compounds containing sulfur
- C11D3/3418—Toluene -, xylene -, cumene -, benzene - or naphthalene sulfonates or sulfates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
- C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
- C11D1/22—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aromatic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/38—Cationic compounds
- C11D1/52—Carboxylic amides, alkylolamides or imides or their condensation products with alkylene oxides
- C11D1/523—Carboxylic alkylolamides, or dialkylolamides, or hydroxycarboxylic amides (R1-CO-NR2R3), where R1, R2 or R3 contain one hydroxy group per alkyl group
Definitions
- the aforesaid combination of ingredients produce stable, clear and homogeneous liquid compositions of a surprisingly high viscosity, up to about 500 centipoises, due to the cooperative activity of urea, hydrotropic sulfonate and fatty alkauolamide, the presence of the aforesaid (b), (c), and ((1) components being essential for the production of a high viscosity, stable, low clear point all-purpose formulation.
- the viscosity will be in the range of about 75 to 200 centipoises.
- alkyl benzene and toluene sulfonates employed in the compositions of the present invention are well known in the art as detergents and generally may have about 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain and are employed in the form of the alkali metal and ammonium salts.
- Especially preferred are sodium alkylbenzene sulfonates wherein the alkyl is a straight chain containing from about 12 to 18 carbon atoms. From about 3% to 6% by weight -of the total aqueous composition and preferably from about 4% to 5% alkylbenzene sulfonate is employed in the liquid detergent compositions of the present invention.
- the alkali metal inorganic phosphate builders useful in preparing the compositions of the present invention are well known and the concentration may vary from about 3% to 8% by weight, and preferably in the range of about 5% to 7%.
- These inorganic phosphates comprise the orthophosphates, polyphosphates, pyrophosphates and metaphosphates.
- Illustrative materials are sodium tripolyphosphate, tetrasodium pyrophosphate, trisodium phosphate, sodium hexametaphosphate, potassium hexametaphosphate, pentapotassium tripolyphosphate, and hexapotassium tetrapolyphosphate.
- the alkali metal phosphate builder employed in the composition of the present invention will be tetrapotassium pyrophosphate.
- hydrotropic sulfonate and urea are essential for the compatibilization of alkylbenzene sulfonate and inorganic phosphate; and in combination with the fatty acid alkanolamide for the production of a highly viscous final product.
- hydrotropic sulfonates useful herein are the alkali metal and ammonium sulfonates of benzene and lower C -C alkyl benzenes such as sodium toluene sulfonate, sodium benzene sulfonate, sodium cumene sulfonate, sodium xylene sulfonate, potassium benzene sulfonate, potassium toluene sulfonate, potassium cumene sulfonate, as well as the ammonium benzene, toluene, cumene and xylene sulfonates.
- compositions of the present invention is sodium xylene sulfonate.
- hydrotropes are employed in amounts ranging from 2% to 5% and preferably about 3% to 4%.
- the quantity of urea will be from 1.5% to 4% and most suitably 2% to 3%, all of said percentages being by weight of the total aqueous composition.
- the fatty acid alkauolamide is employed in quantities of from about 1.5 to 4% by weight and preferably 2% to 3%. In combination with the urea and hydrotrope it serves to produce a viscous aqueous system and also acts as a foam booster and stabilizer.
- the acyl radical of the alkanolamide is selected from the class of fatty acids having 10 to 18 carbon atoms, preferably 12 to 14 carbon atoms, and the alkanol group may have up to 4 carbon atoms in the case of monoalkanolamine derivatives and 8 carbon atoms in the case of dialkanolamine derivatives. Especially suitable and preferred are the diethanolamides.
- fatty acid alkanolamides suitable for use in preparing the compositions of the present invention are oleic diethanolamide, tall oil fatty acid diethanol amide, linoleic acid diethanolamide, and the cor responding fatty acid amides of glycerol monoand diamines, diisopropanolamine, aminoethylethanolamine, dibutanolamine and diisobutanolamine.
- fatty acid alkanolamides may be prepared by various well known techniques such as by condensing equimolar quantities of fatty acid with alkanolamine, or by condensing a molar excess of alkanolamine with fatty acid or by reacting a fatty acid ester with alkanolamine, or by oxyalkylating, such-as oxyethylating, the amide of the fatty acid.
- aqueous liquid detergent compositions of the present invention are prepared simply by combining the aforementioned ingredients with water at room temperature. No particular order of addition is necessary to produce the stable and viscous all-purpose composition useful for all hard surface cleaning applications.
- the novel liquid compositions described herein will generally have very low clear points, in the area of 0 C. and lower, and will retain clarity and stability upon storage for prolonged periods of time.
- Example II Example I was repeated except that no urea was employed and 6% sodium xylene sulfonate was used. The viscosity measured only 10 centipoises. (The viscosity of water is approximately 1 centipoise at room temperature.)
- Example I was repeated except that no fatty alkanolamide was added. The system had a viscosity of 23 centipoises.
- Example IV Example I was again repeated except that no sodium xylene sulfonate was added and 6% urea was employed. The system was unstable and did not form a clear solution.
- An aqueous liquid detergent composition having a viscosity of from 75 to 200 centipoises at room temperature and a clear point of about 0 C. consisting essentially of, by weight:
Abstract
CLEAR, HOMOGENEOUS, ALL-PURPOSE LIQUID DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF, BY WEIGHT, (A) 3-6% ALKYLBENZENE SULFONATE, (B) 2-5% HYDROTOPIC SULFONATE OF BENZENE OR LOWER ALKYL BNZENE, (C) 195-4% UREA, (D) 1.5-4% FATTY ALKANOLAMIDE, (E) 3-8% ALKALI METAL INORGANIC PHOSPHATE BUILDER AND (F) THE BALANCE WATER EXHIBIT IMPROVE VICOSITY AND LOW TEMPERATURE CLEAR POINT PROPERTIES.
Description
United States Patent 3,634,268 LIQUID DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS Gerhart Karg, Pompton Lakes, N .J., assignor to Witco Chemical Corporation, New York, N.Y. No Drawing. Filed Aug. 27, 1969, Ser. No. 853,482 Int. Cl. C11d 3/066 US. Cl. 252--529 1 Claim ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE Clear, homogeneous, all-purpose liquid detergent compositions consisting essentially of, by weight, (a) 3-6% alkylbenzene sulfonate, (b) 25% hydrotropic sulfonate of benzene or lower alkyl benzene, (c) 1.54% urea, (d) 1.54% fatty alkauolamide, (e) 38% alkali metal inorganic phosphate builder and (f) the balance water exhibit improved viscosity and low temperature clear point properties.
Built liquid detergents have become of significant importance in recent years and have found preference over dry powder formulations for various applications. Numerous aqueous detergent compositions are known in the art and are disclosed, for example, in US. Pat. Nos. 2,992,993; 3,175,977 and 3,320,173. In general, however, clear, homogeneous, relatively viscous liquid compositions are more commercially suitable than low viscosity liquids. All-purpose liquid detergents that are low in active detergent solid constituents, when compared, for example, with heavy duty liquids used for clothes laundering and dishwashing, generally exhibit lower viscosities than commercially desirable and usually require the addition of an inactive thickening agent.
In accordance with the present invention, there have been discovered clear, homogeneous aqueous liquid detergent compositions with improved viscosity properties consisting essentially of, by weight.
(a) A member of the group of alkyl toluene and alkylbenzene sulfonate detergents, from about 3% to 6%;
(b) Hydrotropic sulfonate of benzene or lower C -C alkyl benzene sulfonate, from about 2% to 5%;
(c) Urea, from about 1.5% to 4%;
((1) Fatty acid alkauolamide in which the alkanol group may contain up to 8 carbon atoms, from about 1.5% to 4%;
(e) Alkali metal inorganic phosphate builder, from about 3% to 8%; and
(f) The balance water.
It has been found that the aforesaid combination of ingredients produce stable, clear and homogeneous liquid compositions of a surprisingly high viscosity, up to about 500 centipoises, due to the cooperative activity of urea, hydrotropic sulfonate and fatty alkauolamide, the presence of the aforesaid (b), (c), and ((1) components being essential for the production of a high viscosity, stable, low clear point all-purpose formulation. Preferably the viscosity will be in the range of about 75 to 200 centipoises.
The alkyl benzene and toluene sulfonates employed in the compositions of the present invention are well known in the art as detergents and generally may have about 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain and are employed in the form of the alkali metal and ammonium salts. Especially preferred are sodium alkylbenzene sulfonates wherein the alkyl is a straight chain containing from about 12 to 18 carbon atoms. From about 3% to 6% by weight -of the total aqueous composition and preferably from about 4% to 5% alkylbenzene sulfonate is employed in the liquid detergent compositions of the present invention.
The alkali metal inorganic phosphate builders useful in preparing the compositions of the present invention are well known and the concentration may vary from about 3% to 8% by weight, and preferably in the range of about 5% to 7%. These inorganic phosphates comprise the orthophosphates, polyphosphates, pyrophosphates and metaphosphates. Illustrative materials are sodium tripolyphosphate, tetrasodium pyrophosphate, trisodium phosphate, sodium hexametaphosphate, potassium hexametaphosphate, pentapotassium tripolyphosphate, and hexapotassium tetrapolyphosphate. Preferably the alkali metal phosphate builder employed in the composition of the present invention will be tetrapotassium pyrophosphate.
The hydrotropic sulfonate and urea are essential for the compatibilization of alkylbenzene sulfonate and inorganic phosphate; and in combination with the fatty acid alkanolamide for the production of a highly viscous final product.
The hydrotropic sulfonates useful herein are the alkali metal and ammonium sulfonates of benzene and lower C -C alkyl benzenes such as sodium toluene sulfonate, sodium benzene sulfonate, sodium cumene sulfonate, sodium xylene sulfonate, potassium benzene sulfonate, potassium toluene sulfonate, potassium cumene sulfonate, as well as the ammonium benzene, toluene, cumene and xylene sulfonates. Especially preferable in preparing the compositions of the present invention is sodium xylene sulfonate. These hydrotropes are employed in amounts ranging from 2% to 5% and preferably about 3% to 4%. The quantity of urea will be from 1.5% to 4% and most suitably 2% to 3%, all of said percentages being by weight of the total aqueous composition.
The fatty acid alkauolamide is employed in quantities of from about 1.5 to 4% by weight and preferably 2% to 3%. In combination with the urea and hydrotrope it serves to produce a viscous aqueous system and also acts as a foam booster and stabilizer. The acyl radical of the alkanolamide is selected from the class of fatty acids having 10 to 18 carbon atoms, preferably 12 to 14 carbon atoms, and the alkanol group may have up to 4 carbon atoms in the case of monoalkanolamine derivatives and 8 carbon atoms in the case of dialkanolamine derivatives. Especially suitable and preferred are the diethanolamides. Illustrative of the fatty acid alkanolamides suitable for use in preparing the compositions of the present invention are oleic diethanolamide, tall oil fatty acid diethanol amide, linoleic acid diethanolamide, and the cor responding fatty acid amides of glycerol monoand diamines, diisopropanolamine, aminoethylethanolamine, dibutanolamine and diisobutanolamine. These fatty acid alkanolamides may be prepared by various well known techniques such as by condensing equimolar quantities of fatty acid with alkanolamine, or by condensing a molar excess of alkanolamine with fatty acid or by reacting a fatty acid ester with alkanolamine, or by oxyalkylating, such-as oxyethylating, the amide of the fatty acid.
The aqueous liquid detergent compositions of the present invention are prepared simply by combining the aforementioned ingredients with water at room temperature. No particular order of addition is necessary to produce the stable and viscous all-purpose composition useful for all hard surface cleaning applications. The novel liquid compositions described herein will generally have very low clear points, in the area of 0 C. and lower, and will retain clarity and stability upon storage for prolonged periods of time.
The following examples are illustrative of the practice of the present invention but are not to be considered as lifnitative of its scope. All percentages reported are by weight.
3 EXAMPLE 1 An all-purpose liquid having a viscosity of 130 centipoises and a clear point less than 0 C. was prepared by combining the following:
Percent (a) Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate 4.5 (b) Sodium xylene sulfonate 3.6 (c) Urea 2.4 ((1) Laurie diethanolamide 2.5 (e) Tetrapotassium pyrophosphate 6.0 (f) Water 81.0
EXAMPLE II Example I was repeated except that no urea was employed and 6% sodium xylene sulfonate was used. The viscosity measured only 10 centipoises. (The viscosity of water is approximately 1 centipoise at room temperature.)
EXAMPLE 111 Example I was repeated except that no fatty alkanolamide was added. The system had a viscosity of 23 centipoises.
EXAMPLE IV Example I was again repeated except that no sodium xylene sulfonate was added and 6% urea was employed. The system was unstable and did not form a clear solution.
What is claimed is:
1. An aqueous liquid detergent composition having a viscosity of from 75 to 200 centipoises at room temperature and a clear point of about 0 C. consisting essentially of, by weight:
(a) sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, from about 4 Bennett, Chemical Formulary, vol. XIII, (1967, pp. 379, 389.
5 LEON D. ROSDOL, Primary Examiner A. RADY, Assistant Examiner 252-539, DIG 14 US. Cl. X.R.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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US85348269A | 1969-08-27 | 1969-08-27 |
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US3634268A true US3634268A (en) | 1972-01-11 |
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US853482A Expired - Lifetime US3634268A (en) | 1969-08-27 | 1969-08-27 | Liquid detergent compositions |
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Country | Link |
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US (1) | US3634268A (en) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4152306A (en) * | 1976-02-26 | 1979-05-01 | LDMJ Limited | Windshield cleaning solvent |
US4244840A (en) * | 1977-05-10 | 1981-01-13 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Self-opacified liquid hard surface cleaning compositions |
US4670171A (en) * | 1985-02-26 | 1987-06-02 | Pennzoil Company | Surface cleaner composition |
WO1989002912A1 (en) * | 1987-09-18 | 1989-04-06 | Henkel Corp | Glycoside surfactant-containing liquid detergent compositions |
US9115014B1 (en) * | 2014-09-18 | 2015-08-25 | Silk Water Solutions Inc. | Composition and method for water conditioning |
-
1969
- 1969-08-27 US US853482A patent/US3634268A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4152306A (en) * | 1976-02-26 | 1979-05-01 | LDMJ Limited | Windshield cleaning solvent |
US4244840A (en) * | 1977-05-10 | 1981-01-13 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Self-opacified liquid hard surface cleaning compositions |
US4670171A (en) * | 1985-02-26 | 1987-06-02 | Pennzoil Company | Surface cleaner composition |
WO1989002912A1 (en) * | 1987-09-18 | 1989-04-06 | Henkel Corp | Glycoside surfactant-containing liquid detergent compositions |
US9115014B1 (en) * | 2014-09-18 | 2015-08-25 | Silk Water Solutions Inc. | Composition and method for water conditioning |
WO2016042425A1 (en) * | 2014-09-18 | 2016-03-24 | Silk Water Solutions Inc. | A composition and method for water conditioning |
US20170167152A1 (en) * | 2014-09-18 | 2017-06-15 | Silk Water Solutions Inc. | Composition and method for water conditioning |
US10081957B2 (en) * | 2014-09-18 | 2018-09-25 | Silk Water Solutions Inc. | Composition and method for water conditioning |
US10253514B2 (en) | 2014-09-18 | 2019-04-09 | Silk Water Solutions Inc. | Composition and method for water conditioning |
US10829951B2 (en) | 2014-09-18 | 2020-11-10 | Silk Water Solutions Inc. | Composition and method for water conditioning |
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