US3617290A - Barbituric acid derivatives stabilizers for emulsions sensitized with ethylene oxide condensate - Google Patents
Barbituric acid derivatives stabilizers for emulsions sensitized with ethylene oxide condensate Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3617290A US3617290A US702543A US3617290DA US3617290A US 3617290 A US3617290 A US 3617290A US 702543 A US702543 A US 702543A US 3617290D A US3617290D A US 3617290DA US 3617290 A US3617290 A US 3617290A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- emulsion
- ethylene oxide
- silver halide
- sensitized
- oxide condensate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 150000007656 barbituric acids Chemical class 0.000 title description 2
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 title description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- -1 silver halide Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 3
- DDBREPKUVSBGFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenobarbital Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C1(CC)C(=O)NC(=O)NC1=O DDBREPKUVSBGFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229960002695 phenobarbital Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 description 2
- CMCWWLVWPDLCRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenidone Chemical compound N1C(=O)CCN1C1=CC=CC=C1 CMCWWLVWPDLCRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002601 radiography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001854 alkali hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000005215 alkyl ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008378 aryl ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013065 commercial product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001235 sensitizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZUNKMNLKJXRCDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver bromoiodide Chemical compound [Ag].IBr ZUNKMNLKJXRCDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
- G03C1/005—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein
- G03C1/06—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein with non-macromolecular additives
- G03C1/34—Fog-inhibitors; Stabilisers; Agents inhibiting latent image regression
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
- G03C1/005—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein
- G03C1/04—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein with macromolecular additives; with layer-forming substances
- G03C1/043—Polyalkylene oxides; Polyalkylene sulfides; Polyalkylene selenides; Polyalkylene tellurides
Definitions
- EMULSIONS SENSlTlZED WITH ETHYLENE OXID CONDENSATE This invention relates to photographic materials and more particularly to the production of photographic gelatino silver halide emulsions. It is of particular significance in the production of emulsions designed to record X-radiation and will be described with particular reference thereto.
- a photographic gelatino silver halide emulsion may be increased by the addition to the emulsion of a nonionic wetting agent which is an ethylene oxide condensate or polyethylene oxide derivative.
- a nonionic wetting agent which is an ethylene oxide condensate or polyethylene oxide derivative.
- the ethylene oxide compounds increase both the speed of the emulsions and the contrast of the developed images, and this may be due to acceleration of development.
- a process for the production of a gelatino silver halide emulsion which comprises forming the emulsion by a technique including a stepwherein the emulsion is sulfur sensitized, and adding to the emulsion (1) an ethylene oxide condensate in quantity sufficient to increase the speed of the emulsion and the contrast of images developed therein, and (2) at least 1 g. per gram mole of silverhalide present, of a compound of the general formula 1,--
- R is an aryl group and R, is a lower alkyl group.
- lower alkyl is meant an alkyl group containing up to six carbon atoms.
- the preferred compound of formula I is phenobarbitone wherein R, is phenyl and R, is ethyl.
- the compounds are preferably. added to the emulsion as aqueous solutions, to which end an equivalent of an alkali hydroxide is used.
- the compounds may be used in the form of their soluble sodium salts.
- an equivalent of an acid, such as HCl may also be added to maintain the pH of the emulsion at its original level.
- ethylene oxide condensates and derivatives known from the literature to have a sensitizing effect on photographic silver halide emulsions may be employed.
- Preferred compounds are ethylene oxide homopolymers which are marketed under the trade name Carbowax and having relatively high molecular weights, e.g. 4,000 or more.
- derivatives such as the aromatic and alkyl ethers thereof, e.g. the commercial product Texofor F.60, are also of especial value. (The word Texofor is a Registered Trade Mark).
- the quantity used will, of course, vary with the effect desired, but generally may be up to 20 grams of the condensate per gram mole of silver halide in the emulsion, e.g. 1 to 20 grams.
- the quantity of the additive of the general formula given above will also vary with the circumstances, but will be at least 'iiiai'rarimlfgiveii'aba'v may be added to the emulsion at EXAMPLE
- a gelatino silver iodobromide emulsion was prepared in a manner conventional for emulsions to be used for X-radiography.
- the emulsion which was not color sensitized contained 200 g. of gelatin per gram mol of silver halide and was sensitized by means of sulfur compounds and gold salts in manner known per se.
- the emulsion was divided into three parts:
- Polyethylene oxide of molecular weight 6000 was added at the rate of 2 g. per gram mol of silver halide.
- a gelatino silver halide emulsion which comprises forming the emulsion by a technique including a step wherein the emulsion is sulfur sensitized, and adding to the emulsion an ethylene oxide condensate sensitizer to increase the speed of the emulsion and the contrast of images developed therein, the improvement consisting of adding to the emulsion at least 1 g. per gram mole of silver halide present, of a compound of the formula:
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Silver Salt Photography Or Processing Solution Therefor (AREA)
- Non-Silver Salt Photosensitive Materials And Non-Silver Salt Photography (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB6830/67A GB1150971A (en) | 1967-02-13 | 1967-02-13 | Photographic Material |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3617290A true US3617290A (en) | 1971-11-02 |
Family
ID=9821536
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US702543A Expired - Lifetime US3617290A (en) | 1967-02-13 | 1968-02-02 | Barbituric acid derivatives stabilizers for emulsions sensitized with ethylene oxide condensate |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3617290A (US07534539-20090519-C00280.png) |
| BE (1) | BE710276A (US07534539-20090519-C00280.png) |
| DE (1) | DE1622292A1 (US07534539-20090519-C00280.png) |
| GB (1) | GB1150971A (US07534539-20090519-C00280.png) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS4943628A (US07534539-20090519-C00280.png) * | 1972-08-31 | 1974-04-24 |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1025872A (en) * | 1911-09-06 | 1912-05-07 | Farbenfab Vorm Bayer F & Co | Phenylethylbarbituric acid. |
| US2716062A (en) * | 1953-07-01 | 1955-08-23 | Eastman Kodak Co | 4-hydroxy-6-alkyl-1, 3, 3a, 7-tetrazaindene stabilizers for emulsions sensitized with alkylene oxide polymers |
| US3155506A (en) * | 1964-02-18 | 1964-11-03 | Du Pont | Photographic processes |
-
1967
- 1967-02-13 GB GB6830/67A patent/GB1150971A/en not_active Expired
-
1968
- 1968-02-02 US US702543A patent/US3617290A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1968-02-02 BE BE710276D patent/BE710276A/xx unknown
- 1968-02-12 DE DE19681622292 patent/DE1622292A1/de active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1025872A (en) * | 1911-09-06 | 1912-05-07 | Farbenfab Vorm Bayer F & Co | Phenylethylbarbituric acid. |
| US2716062A (en) * | 1953-07-01 | 1955-08-23 | Eastman Kodak Co | 4-hydroxy-6-alkyl-1, 3, 3a, 7-tetrazaindene stabilizers for emulsions sensitized with alkylene oxide polymers |
| US3155506A (en) * | 1964-02-18 | 1964-11-03 | Du Pont | Photographic processes |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS4943628A (US07534539-20090519-C00280.png) * | 1972-08-31 | 1974-04-24 | ||
| JPS5232569B2 (US07534539-20090519-C00280.png) * | 1972-08-31 | 1977-08-23 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB1150971A (en) | 1969-05-07 |
| BE710276A (US07534539-20090519-C00280.png) | 1968-06-17 |
| DE1622292A1 (de) | 1970-10-29 |
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