US361624A - gordon - Google Patents

Description

2 sheets-shew 1j F. W. GORDON.

CONVERTER.

.624. Patented Apr. 19, 188'7.

(No Model.)

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Ml. w QI VYVVVJ Inventor Attorney Witnesses N. PUERS Phowulhngnbhar. whingion. D. (L

(No Moda.) 2 sheets-sheet 2.

F. W. GORDON.

CONVERTER.

No. 361,624. Pat'entedApr. 19, 1887.

Witnelsses: M lnventor` msm. MMM M15/awww. $132.

Attorey N. Prrzna Phnwmwapnar, wmingxgr an.

NITED STATES FRED. lV. GORDON, OF PHILADELP IIIA, PENNSYLVAIA, ASSIGNOR TO GORDON, STROBEL 8b LAUREATI, OF SAME PLAGE.

CONVERTER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 361,624, dated April 19, 1887.

Application filed May 22, 1885.

To all whom it may concern:

Beit known that I, FRED. W. GORDON, of Philadelphia, Philadelphia county, Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in the Construction and Arrangement of Tuyeres, of which the following is a specification.

This invention pertains to the construction and arrangement of tuyeres devised,primaril y, for usein connection with converters employed in the manufacture of steel.

The improvements have been illustrated, and will be described, in connection with converters, for the purpose of exhibiting an adaptation ofthe improvements.

The term vessel/7 often occurring in this specification, has reference to a convertingvessel, or other vessel adapted for metallurgical operations in connection with niy improvements. y

My improvements will be readily understood from the following description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, in Which- Figure lis a side view, part in elevation and partin vertical section, of a converter provided with tuyeres exemplifying my improvements; Fig. 2, a longitudinal vertical section of a tuyere and its operating mechanism; Fig. 3, a combined plan and horizontal section at one of the tuyeretrunnions upon line y, and Fig. 4 a side view of a tuyere-shank.-

In the drawings, A indicates a convertingvessel, shown as of the iixed or non-tipping' type; B, outwardly-inclined tuyere-ports in the wall of the vessel; C, a margin-plate at each port, firmly secured to the outer wall of the vessel and provided with a beveled seat at its circular central opening; D, a bustlepipe encircling the vessel below the ports and formed in separate segments, each segment reaching substantially from port-plate to portplate,thepipe beingadapted to receive theblast from a blowing-engine or the like; E, capped bearings projecting in pairs, bracket like, from the port-plates, and engaging the bustlepipe; F, the tuyere-noses, in the form ofa hollow cylinder havinga flared upper extremity', and constructed of tire-clay or other refractory material; G, a tuyere reciprocating air-cylin- Scrial No. 166.346. (No model.)

der, of which there is one for cach tuyere; H, a hollow arm reaching from this aircylinder to trunnions engaging the bearings E and serving as a blast-conduit and as a supporting-arm for the tuycre mechanism, the arm being cast with the cylinder; I, an air-relief pipe arranged in bustle form below the bustle-pipe D; J, a free outlet-valve to this outlet-pipe; K,rigid branch pipes leading from the outlet-pipe I, upward outside the bustle-pipe D, at each tuyere; L,- iiexible pipes forming upward continuations of the branch pipes K, and leading one to the upper portion of each air-cylinder; M, a swiveled union, with a horizontal aXis forming a juncture between each of the branch pipes K and its flexible continuation, these swivels being disposed with their axes, as near as praeticable, coincident with the axes of the oscillat.- in'g tuyere mechanism; N, dotted lines indi- 7o eating the position of a tuyere, &c., when tipped outward; O, a slot-like port through 'the wall of the vessel, with its bottom disposed below the horizontal plane occupied by the metal work of the tuyere attachments; P, a perforated block formed of re-clay or the 1ike,and luted into the port O at proper height and adapted to serve as a cinder-notch; Q, the rtapping-hole of the vessel; R, Fig. 3, a hollow T-piece formed at the lower end of each arm H, and provided at each end with cylindrical trunnions supported in the bearings E; S, the piston of the air-cylinder; T, a secondary aircylinder disposed below and in line with each y air-cylinder G, and of less diameter than the cylinder above it; U, the piston of the secondary cylinder, having a large taper bore and united to the piston of the upper cylinder by a large hollow neck; V, a tapered tuyere-shank iitting into the piston U and locked thereto by bayonet-joints and having its lower end threaded; W, a metal tuyere-tube iiXed in the tuyere-shank V and engaged detachably by' the fire-clay tuyere-nose; X, a'ferrule engaged by the ilare of the tuyerenose and the thread ofthe shank; Y, the tapered lower extremity of the tuyere-tube, the same tting a taper y contraction in the bore of the tuyere'nose; Z, ports in the neck connecting the 'two air-pistons, the same serving to permit air to vpass roo freely to the interior of the neck; a, a'valveseat in the piston-neck; b, a valve adapted to engage this seat, and provided with a long stem tted to slide freely through the piston S and through the upper cylinder-head; c, a

collar adjustable along this stem and supported by the upper cylinder-head; d, a central bush.

It should be obvious that there are as many series.

of these devices as there are tuyeres. There may be as many tuyeres as desired; but in Fig. l I have shown the 'vessel as provided with three tuyeres and their pertinent acces- A single tuyere may be employed, if desired.

When the tuyeres are'in working position--l that is, with the tuyere-noses projected downward into the vessel, as indicated in Fig. 1- the blast will pass from the bustle pipe through the trunnions and arms into the piston-necks, through the ports Z, and thence through the tuyeres. that the air-pressure will be equalized upon each side of the piston S, there being no outlet for such air as may have passed'through the apertures e,- hence the gravity of the tuyeres is sufficient to hold them in their working position. llf the valveJ be opened, the airpressure will be relieved from the upper side of the piston S, and the air passing through the apertures e will not be sutlicient to create a pressure. Consequently the air-pressure acts upon the under side only of the piston S, causingv this -piston to rise and withdraw the tuyere from the metal., As the piston, Ste., rise, the seat a engages its valve, and the valve then also rises, thus cutting oli the blast from the tuyere at any desired point in the rising motion of the tuyere, as determined by the sion of the' tuyeres is shortened as much as possible. y

When the valveJ is closed, the airpressure will again equalize itself upon the two sides of the piston S, and the tuyere will again descend into the metal, 'the descent being aug- The valve J being shut, it is obvious.

mented by the unbalanced pressure of thev I blast upon the piston U.

The ciuder-block P can be set at any height desired in the slot before being luted, and should be so located in its port that the metal line will not reach the metal-work of the tuyere attachments.

When the tuyere is retracted, the entire tuyere structure may be swung back into the position indicated at N, Fig. 1. This leaves the ports of the vessel entirely open, and the interior of the vessel may be inspected through them. As the tuyere structure swings backward the outlet-pipe L oscillates upon the swivel M.

Were the axis of the swivel M disposed coincident with the axes of the trunnions the pipe L might be rigid. The axes are not, however, coincident, and as a consequence the pipe L will be called upon for a slight tlexation.

The bustle-pipe D is, as before mentioned, formed in segments. The ends of these segments engage the bearings of the port-plates,

and are snugly babbited therein in line with the trunnions, which are also habbited in the bearings.

When the tuyere device is swung back, the tuyere proper may again be protruded, so that the tuyere noses will be readily accessible for renewal, Snc. f may be screwed-inward, so as to support the sliding features when the tuyere device is swung backward andthe blast-pressure taken off entirely.

By disengaging the bayonet-joint which con-A nects the tuyere-shank with the smaller piston, the tuyere-nose, with its body and shank,

may be readily removed and another one subv stituted; or the ferrule X may be unscrewed from the shank, thus permitting the {ire-clay tuyere-nose to be slipped off of the tuyere-tube W, so that a new one can be substituted. The tuyere-tube furnishes an inner support for the tire-clay tuyere-nose, and the ferrule X draws the tuyere-nose snugly against the face of the shank, and at the same time grasps it firmly sidewise, the taper portion Y of the tuyeretube engaging neatly the appropriate portion of the bore of the tuyerenose, thus giving the tuyere-nose a good support at both its ends, while the tuyere-tube may be tted very freely within its bore, which is liable to be more or less irregular. The duty of these tu yere-noses -is a destructive one, and my device renders replacement of tu yeres a matter of great ease, as well as lessening the destruction, by providing for an instantaneous withdrawal.

The smaller piston, U, is either longitudinally fluted or loosely fitted in its cylinder, so that a portion of the blast will waste downward past it and serve in'cooling the ferrule X, dto., and also serveto forcibly prevent upward splashing of the liquid metal into the tuyere-port and to blow the slag from the tuyere-port.

The liange g should seat into the port-plate with Asufficient accuracy to fairly and squarely support the tuyere -mechanism without imposing improper side strains upon the trun- The th u mb-screw IOO IIO

nions, and to close the opening in the portplate fairly tight. This seating may be asimple bevel, as shown in the drawings, or the beveling may be spherical. If accurately-fitting cast-ings are employed, all machine finishing at thisjoint may be avoided.

The axis of the trunnions of the tuyere mechanism is so disposed outwardly that when the tuyere mechanism is in working position the center of gravity of the tuyere mechanism will have passed inward beyond the vertical plane of the trunnionax'is, whereby the tuyere mechanism is maintained in working position without the use of retaininglatchments.

It is found if the diagonal tuyere-ports be arranged through a converter-wall which is vertical at the port-point that the lining will -present acute and fragile edges at the portopenings. I secure stability at these edges by coning the converter at the port-point, as shown,whereby excessive acuteness is avoided.

I have referred to the tube W as being rigidly. secured in the shank. Whilethis may be perfectly satisfactory under some conditions, I rind that it will be desirable in many cases to have the top separable from the shank, so that the tube may be daubed with clay luting and then inserted into the tuyere-nose, whereby the tube becomes a part of the tuyere-nose rather than of the shank. The tube then serves as a'stiffener to prevent the tuyere from being broken by a transverse strain.

In order to explain my invention fully, it has been necessary to show and describe much that is not original with me.

-The following claims are intended to particularly point out and distinctly claim'the parts, improvements, and combinations which are of my invention.

Diagonally-arran ged tuycres, tu yeres having a taper fit in the tuyere-ports, tuycres tted to revolve or slide through port-margining boxes or plates, tuycres supported free of contact with their port-walls, shouldered tuycres fitting in or supported by the port-walls, and tuyeres fitted for universal movement in the ports by means of a globe bearing of oscillation are old. My device is an improvement on such, in that my arrangement of port-plate and fianged tuyere serves in fixing the exact location and projection of the tuyeres independent of any portion of the walls of the port and free therefrom. K

Inclined tuyereports and cinder-notches are old. My device is an improvement over former devices, in that the wall-slot permits the cinder-notch to be readily set atproper height with reference to the metallic tuyere-holding parts disposed in 'the lengtlrof the inclined tuyere-ports.

Injectors of various kinds have been provided with central jets and with annular jets to the rear exterior thereof, such separate jets in all cases being connected with sources of `supply of different material, theintention being that the suction produced by onejet shall cause a flow of dissimilar material from the other jet.

Tuyeres have also been devised to simultaneously inject dissimilar matters through a single-blast apparatus. My arrangement of tuyeres with extra blast-outlet is distinguishable from others, in that one blast-jet does not depend upon another for its jetting power. The matter jetted is the same with all the jets, and the extra j et is arranged to keep clear a tuyere and port otherwise disposed to fouling, &c., by slag.

Clay tuyere-noses have been shanked directly into holding-sockets, an arrangement clearly distinguishable from my plan of arming the fragile tuyere-nose with a metallic shank secured to the periphery of the heel of the tuyere. The heels of tuyere-noses have been tiared toen gage directly the flared tuyereholder; but such tuyere-noses have not seated endwise against their holders, nor have they been removable forwardly from theirholders. Tuycre-noses have had central-stiffening-tubes; but the tubes have had a head at the extremity of the tuyere-nose, or have been the sole support for the tuyere-nose, or have been left unsecured to the tuyere-holder. None of the old devices provide for the quick and safe removal of the tuyere-nose outwardly from the holder without the necessity of removing hot keys or nuts, or the like, unless there were employed attaching devices not satisfactorily applicable to tuyerenoscs of clay or analogous fragile material.

Reciprocating tuycres combined with screws, pneumatic arm-cranes,chains, racks, and other operating devices are old, as are also/tuyereplugs operated by air-pistons and otherwise. So far as I know I am the first to provide a combination of mechanism bymeans of which the blast-air is permitted to act directly on the pistonal enlargement of the tuyere and Vshut itself as the tuyere retreats.

In the arrangement of tuycres it is common to connect a trunnioned pipe articulately to the tuyere, and it has been proposed to secure the tuyere tothe hinged roof of a converter. My device presents a distinct improvement,in that the trunnioned arm is connected rigidly to the tuyere, and the wall-work need not be oscil'lated when the tuyere is withdrawn.

l. The combination `of a metallurgical vessel provided with a tuyere-port, a plate havingv a central opening and secured to the ex terior surface of the vessel and forming a margin to the port, and a tuyere fitted to project into and through such port free of contact with the walls thereof and provided with a iiange whose periphery seats in said opening.

2. The combination of a metallurgical vessel provided with a downwardly inclined tuyere-port and with a wall-slot, a tuyere-nose of refractory material projecting inwardly through the tuyere-port., free of the walls thereof, metallictuyere-nose-holding parts disposed within the upper outer portion of said tuyereport, and a cinder-notch block disposed in said wall-slot.

3. A tuyere having a blast-discharge outlet at its nose and a blast-discharge outlet at a point back of its nose, said second dischargev outlet being arranged to direct its blast along outside the tuyere.

4. The combination of a metallurgical vessel having a tuyere-port and a tuyere projecting into the vessel from the port, and having a. central longitudinal blast-passage connecting its inner extremity with asource of air-supply for blast, and having also av blast-outlet at a point backward of its nose connected with the said ysource of supply of air for blast and arranged ton discharge along outside the tuyere and parallel with it.

` 5. The combination of a metallurgical vessel having a tuyere-port and a tuyere projecting into the vessel from within said port, but free ofthe walls of the port, and havinga central longitudinal blast-passage connecting its inner extremity with a Source of air-supply for blast, and having also a blast-outlet Within the po'rt and arranged to discharge along the voutside of the tuyere within the port and thence into the vessel, and connected with said source of air-supply for blast.

6. The combination of a tuyere-nose of clay or other fragile refractory material, a socketed tuyeresupport, and a metallic shank secured to the. periphery of the heel of the tuyere-nose and adapted to separably enter and engage the socket of the support, substantially as set forth.

7. The combination of'a tuyere-nose of clay or other fragile refractory material, a socketed tuyere-support, and a metallic shank secured to the periphery `ofthe heel of the tuyerenose and engaging the socket of the support by a bayonetjoint connection, substantially as set forth.

8. The combination ofa tuyere-nose of clayv or lother fragile refractory material, a tuyeresupport provided with a tapered socket, and a tapered metallic shank secured to the nose, substantially as set forth.

9. The combination of a tuyere-nose of clay or other refractory material, a tuyere-support provided with a tapered socket, anda tapered metallic shank secured to the nose and engaging saidl socket by-a bayonet-connection, substantially as set fort-h.

10. The combination of a tuyere-,nose havingan enlarged rear end seating against its holder and a ferrule engaging the front of such enlargement and secured to the holder7 substantially as set forth.

11. The combination of a tuycre-nose hav- -ing at its rear end a flared enlargement and seating endwise against its holder and a ferrule engaging suchilared enlargement and secured to the holder, substantially as set forth.

12. rlhe combination of a tuyere-nose having an enlargement at its rear end seatingv against an vexteriorly-threaded holder and a ferrule engaging the enlargement of the tuyerenose and the thread of the holder, substantially as set forth.

13. The combination of a tuyere-nose having at its rear end a flared enlargement seating against an exteriorly-threaded holder and a ferrule engaging the flared enlagement of the tuyere-nose and the thread of the holder, substantially as set forth.

14. The combination of a tuyere-nose secured to its vholder at one end and a tube rigidly secured to the holder and projecting into the bore of the tuyere-nose, substantially as set forth.

15. The combination of atuyere-nose secured to its holder at one end and a tube rigidly secured to the holder and projecting into the bore of the tuyere-nose and provided with a tapered. extremity engaging a tapered portion of the tuyere-nose, substantially as set forth.

16. The combination of a socketed tuyeresupport, a tuyere-shank engaging such socket, a tube rigidly secured to the shank, a4 tuyerenose encircling the tube and seating endwise against the shank, and a ferrule uniting the tuyere-nose to the shank, substantially as set forth.

17. The combination of a socketed tuyeresupport, a shank engaging such socket, a tube rigidly secured to the shank and having a tapered extremity, and a tuyere-nose encircling the tube and engaging the tapered extremity thereof, substantially as set forth.

18. The combination of a socketed tuyeresupport, a shank engaging the same, a tube rigidly secured to the shank and having a tapered extremity, a tuyere-nose encircling the tube and engaging the tapered extremity thereof and provided with a fiared enlargement at its rear end, and a ferrule lengaging such flared enlargement and the shank, substantially as set forth.

19. The combination of a tuyere-support having a tapered socket, a tapered shank engaging the same by a bayonet-joint, a tube rigidly-securedt'o the shank, and a tuyerenose encircling the tube and coupled to the shank, substantially as set forth.

20. The combination of a tuyere, a cylinder- IOC) arranged coaxially with the tuyere, and a piston in this cylinder connected to the tu'y ere and adapted to Withdraw the tuyere, substantially as set forth.

21. The combination of a tuyere, a cylinder having a top outlet controlled bya valve, a piston in the cylinder connected to the tuyere IZO and having perforations or equivalent passages through or past it, and a conduit leading to the under side of the piston, substantially as set forth'.

22. The combination of a tuyere, a cylinder having a top outlet controlled by a valve, a-

of unequal area attached -to the tuyele and adapted to reciprocate in cylinders, an outletpipe at the top of the larger cylinder controlled by a valve, and a conduit leading to the interior faces of the two pistons, substantially as set forth.

24. The combination of a tuyere, two pistons of unequal area attached to the tuyere and adapted to reciprocate in cylinders, an outletpipe at the top of the larger cylinder controlled by a valve, and a blast-conduit leading to the tuyere and to the interior faces of the two pistons, substantially as set forth.

25. The combination of two or more tuyeres, a cylinder at each tuyere, outlets connected from the top of each cylinder and controlled by a single valve, and a piston in each cylinder attached to its appropriate tuyere, substantially as set-forth.

26. The combination of a metallurgical vessel a tuyere fitted to reciprocate into and out of the metal in the vessel, and a valve in the blast-passage of the tuyere arranged to be opened and closed by the reciprocation of the tuyere, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

27. The combination of cylinders G and T, pistons S and U, connected by a hollow neck, port Z through the neck, and the tuyere attached to the pistons, substantially as set forth.

28. The combination of the tuyere provided with a valve-seat in its blast-passage and a valve resting above said valve-seat and adapted to reciprocate with the tuyere after the valve closes, substantially as set forth.

29. The combination of a tuyere fitted to reciprocate and provided with a valve-seat in its blast-passage, a valve for such seat provided with a stem adapted to reciprocate through a support, and an adjustable collar ou the stem and engaging the support, substantially as set forth.

30. The combination, with a reciprocating tuyere and its operating-cylinder, of piston S, connected to the tuyere by a hollow neck, valve-seat a, stemmed valve I), supported by the piston and cylinder-head, and collar c, substantially as set forth.

31. The combination, with a reciprocating tuyere and its operating-cylinder,of piston S, connected to the tuyere by a hollow neck, valve-seat a, bushing d, stemmed valve b, and collar c, substantially as set forth.

32. The combination, with a reciprocating tuyere and its operating cylinder and piston G S, of pin or screw f, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

33. The combination of a metallurgical vessel,a blast-pipe disposed in bustle form around the vessel, a circular series of reciprocating tuyeres provided with operating-cylinders arranged above said blast-pipe andA connected therewith, an outlctpipe arranged in b ustle form around the vessel and provided with a valve, and branches leading from said outletpipe to the operating-cylinders of the tuyeres, substantially as set forth.

34:. The combination of a metallurgical vessel, an angularly-disposed tuyere formed separate from the wall-worlr of said vessel,arigid arm projecting fromy the tuyere and provided with horizontal trunnions, and trunnion-bearings securedto the outlet-surface of thevessel.

35. The combination of a plate having an opening to margin a tuyere-port and provided with trunnion-bearings and a tuyere fitted to such opening and having a rigid projecting arm provided with trunnions.

36. The combination of a tuyere provided with an operating-cylinder and mounted on trunnions, an outlet-pipe, K, a swivel, M, thereon, and a pipe, L, leading from the tuyere-cylinder to the swivel, substantially as set forth.

37. The combination of a tuyere provided with an operating-cylinder mounted ou trunnions,an outletpipe,K, pipe-swivel M thereon, and fiexible pipe L, connecting the tuyere-cylinder with the swivel,substantially as set forth.

3S. The combination of a metallurgical vessel, a trunnion-bearing secured to the outside ofthe vessel, a tuyere supported thereby, an outlet-pipe terminating in a swivel whose axis is disposed parallel with but outside the plane of the aXis of the tuyere-trunnion,and a ilexi- -ble pipe reaching from the swivel to the oscillating tuyere structure, substantially as set forth. v

39. The combination of atuyere-supporting structure provided with trunnions and a tuyere fitted to reciprocate therein, substantially as set forth.

IOO

40. The combination of a metallurgical vesl sel, a tuyere-supporting structure provided with trunnions,and a tuyere fitted to reciprocate therein and inclined downward from the outside of the vessel,substantially as set forth.

41. rPhe combination of a tuyere-supporting structure provided w-ith trunnions, a tuyere fitted to reciprocate therein,and a pin or screw adapted to maintain the tuyere in a position of upward protrusion when the tuyere-supporting structure is swung into its backward posit-ion, substantially as set forth.

FRED. W. GORDON.

Witnesses:

B. F. FISHER, JAMns H. WoLrn.

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