US360915A - Carbureting-lamp - Google Patents

Description

' v 2 Shets-Sheet 1- A. RANSOM.

GARBURETING LAMP.

(No Model.)

No. 360,915. Patented Apr. 12 1887.

Will-$71 935 e3.

7 his fliiorn eya.

(No Model.) I I 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

v N. A. RANSOM.

GARBURETING LAMP.

Patented Apr. 12,1887.

Z2 Jib a171, eys.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

NEWMAN A. RANSOM,

OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

CARBURETlNG-LAMP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 360,915, dated April 12, 1887.

Application filed May 14, 1886.

Serial No. 202,180. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern: I

Be it known that I, NEWMAN A. RANSOM, of Chicago, in thecounty of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in OarburetingLamps; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, and to the figures and letters of reference marked thereon.

'This invention relates to that class of gas burners or fixtures wherein provision is made for enriching ordinary illuminating-gas during its passage to the burners by the addition or admixture therewith of hydrocarbon vapors, produced by first heating the gas and then passing the latter into a chamber containing the hydrocarbon, whereby the latter is heated, and the vapor generated, mingling with the gas in the generator or carburetingchamber, is enriched and passes out to the burners; and the said invention. consists, primarily, in the combination and arrangement of devices for regulating the temperature of the heated gas, in the arrangement of burners for acting upon the gas-heater,.and in the several minor features of construction, as hereinafter more fully described and pointed out. I

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of, my improved apparatus. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal vertical section. Fig. 3 is atop plan view with gas-heater removed; and Fig. 4 is a top view of the gas-heaterwith a portion thereof broken away to show the interior.

Similar letters of reference in the several figures indicate the same parts.

The letter A designates the gasheater; B, the carbureting-chamber; O, the connection between the gas-heater and carburetor, and provided with the burners c.

The connection 0 consists, essentially, of an outer tube, 0', closed at the upper end, and an inner or gas tube, 0 passing through the former and open at both ends. The tube 0' is preferably castor otherwise formed in a single piece, with two collars, 0 0 a screw-threaded end, 0*, for attachment to the carburetor, and a threaded end or socket, c", for attachment to the gas-heater. The inner or gas tube, 0 is 7 threaded into the upper end of the tube 0, as shown, to prevent the gas as delivered from the heater from entering the inner tube until after it has passed through the latter and been delivered into the carburetor, from which latter it flows upward into the lower open end of the outer tube, and is delivered to the series of burners D and D, secured to the collars 0" c, and arranged as hereinafter explained.

The gas-heater A consists, essentially, of a hollow and preferably flattened chamber of :metal or other non-combustible material secured to the upper end of the connection 0, and formed or provided with a division-plate or diaphragm, A, containing a series of holes or openings, at, at or near the periphery, and a larger opening or passage, to, located more nearly in line with the passage in the connection 0 and the passage of in the connection a for attachment to the gas-pipe.

The opening or passage to is controlled by a valve-as, for example, the plate A and handle or lever a, connected to the valve-spindle a and arranged to be operated from the exterior of the heater. The carbnreting-chamber B is a hollow vessel, preferably of metal or other suitable noncombustible material, provided with a single opening, I), through which the hydrocarbon is charged, and which serves also for attachmcnt to the lower end of the outer tube, 0, of connection 0.

The form of hydrocarbon preferably employed is what is known as naphthaline, a solid hydrocarbon, and in order to avoid the expense incident to molding the same into sticks or blocks, as is usual, and to facilitate the charging of the carbureting'chamber, the latter is formed with a flaring mouth or flange,

socket which receives the end of the connection 0, whereby when the carburetor is removed it can be readily charged with the naphthaline or other solid hydrocarbon in the form of a powder.

The operation of my improved apparatus is as follows: The parts being constructed and assembled together in the manner shown and described and the carbureting-chamber charged with a proper quantity of hydrocarbon, the apparatus is attached to the gas-sup- B, attached to or forming a part of the threaded ply pipe, the gas admitted, and lighted at the burners located beneath the heater. The heat from the flames, striking the heater, raises its temperature to a comparatively high degree, and in a like degree elevates the temperature of the gas, which in its passage to the burn ers is compelled to traverse the heater. As is obvious, the longer the gas is retained in contact with the walls of the heater the higher will be its temperature when it reaches the carburetor, and, unless some means are pro vided for regulating the temperature of the heater or the extent and duration of the contact of the gas with the walls of the heater, the temperature of the gas as delivered to the carbnretor will be practically the same under all conditions.

It is found in practice that for various reasons it becomes desirable to etiect the regulation of the temperature of the gas as delivered to the carburetor, not only to preserve the uniform quality of gas and flame, but also to vary thetempcrature of the hydrocarbon contained in the carburetor and which is volatilized by the heated gas directed thereon. It is with these objects in view that the valve is arranged in the diaphragm, whereby more or less of the gas can be admitted to the tube communicating with the carburetor, and more or less can be diverted and caused to flow across the diaphragm and through the openings near. the periphery thereof, thereby exposing the gas so diverted and in a comparatively thin body to the extended surface of the heater, whereby its temperature is greatly elevated. By this means I am enabled to regulate the temperature of the gas during its passage to the carburetor, into which latter all the gas passes before reaching the burners, whereby not only is the temperature of the hydrocarbon contained in the carburetor regulated, but all the gas passing through to the burners is carried into the carburetor and mingled with the hydrocarbon vapor generated therein before passing to the burner.

The pipes carrying the upper series of burners, D, are located a short distance below the gas-heater, while the burners are carried beyond the periphery of the latter. These burners are mainly relied upon for illumination, while the second series, D, of burners are located beneath the first series and stand Vertically beneath the heater. This arrangement of illuminating and heating burners is designed to overcome certain defects existing in prior constructions. If but a single series of burners are employed both for heating and illumination, a current of relatively cool air is directed against the tubes carrying such burn ers,caused by the ascending gases above,which tends to reduce the temperature of said tubes. Inasmuch as the hydrocarbon vapors generated in the carburetor, unless retained at a higher temperature, will condense and be deposited in a semi-liquid or solid form, this cooling action of the air upon the burnertubes operates to effect the clogging or stoppage of the passages in said tubes.

By my improved construction the. tubes carrying the illuminating-burners are located at a short distance from the lower surface of the heater, and the heating-burners are located below said first-named tubes, so that not only is the gas-heater subjected to the direct action of the lower series of flames, but the tubes of the upper series are also maintained ata higher temperature, being subjected to both the direct and. reflected heat-rays, whereby the condensation of the vapor is prevented and the gases are delivered to the burners in a highlyhcated and expanded condition, producing a clear, white, and brilliant flame. The horn ers of the upper series are arranged in pairs, as shown, and those of the lower series are arranged so that their flames, instead of impinging against the tubes of the upper series, will occupy the spaces between the successive pairs of burners.

Although I have shown and described. the gas-heater in the form ofa chamber with diaphragm perforated at or near the periphery and provided with a central valve opening, it is obvious that other and well-known forms of heaters may be employed in connection with a regulatingvalve, as described, in carrying out my invention. Thus, for example, the dia phragm may be made slightly less in diameter than the interior of the chamber and supported upon or between the walls of the chamber, the

main point/of this part of the invention in cluding, broadly, any gas-heating chamber or receptacle located in relation to the carburetor as described, and divided into two or more compartments, with two or more passages for establishing communication between said chambers, one of said passages serving as a direct conduit, being provided with a regulating-valve of any suitable construction to permit more or less of gas to pass directly into the carburetor, while the other passage or passages are more remote from the inlet or exit, or both, whereby the gas in its passage is compelled to circulate through the heater and is brought into contact with the extended heating-surface, as hereinbefore described.

Having thus described my invention, Iclaim as new- 1. In a carbureting apparatus such as described, wherein the gas is passed through the heater and into the carbureting-chamber beforereaching the burners, and in combination with the heater, carburetor, and connectingpassages, a valve controlling the passage of gas through the heater, as and for the purpose set forth.

2. In combination with the carburetingchamber and the gassupply tube communicating therewith, a. hollow gas-heater connected to said supply-tube and provided with a division-plate or diaphragm intermediate the said supply tube and the passage through which gas is delivered to said heater,and with passages for the escape of gas from one compartment or chamberinsaid heater to the other, and a valve controlling a larger and more direct passage communicating with the supplytube, whereby more or less of the gas in its passage through the heater to the carburetor may be diverted against the Walls of the heater, substantially as described.

3. In a carbureting gas-burner such as described, and in combination with the gas-heater thereof,provided with a perforated partition or diaphragm, the valve located in said partition for controlling the flow of gas through the heater and diverting more orless of the gas in its passage through the heater against the walls of the latter, substantially as described.

4. In a carbureting gas burner or fixture such as described, the combination of the gasheater, its diaphragm perforated at or near the edges, and a central passage controlled by the valve, substantially as described.

5. In a carbureting gas burner or fixture such as described, the combination of the gasheater,its perforated diaphragm,and the valve controlling the central passage therein with the connection '0, having the outer tube closed at the top and provided with burners at the sides and the inner tube communicating with the gas-heater, and a carbureting-chamber applied to the end of the outer tube, substantially as described.

6. In a carburetiug burner such as described, and in combination with the gas-heater, carbureting'chamber, and intermediate connection, the series of burner-tubes located beneath and extended beyond the periphery of the gasheater and the second series of heating burners located beneath the heater and the first series of burner-tubes, whereby the latter as well as the heater are maintained at an elevated temperature, substantially as described.

7. In a carbureting apparatus such as described, and in combination with the carbureting-chamber and the burner-tubes communicating therewith, a gas -heater communicating with the supply-pipe and carburetingchamber, provided with means, substantially such as described, for regulating the temperature of the gas as delivered to the carburetor, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

NEWMAN A. RANSOM. \Vitnesses:

E. A. GHERITREE, A. T. SMITH.

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