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Multiple stage hydraulic headbox
US3598696A
United States
- Inventor
Ralph A Beck - Current Assignee
- Beloit Corp
Worldwide applications
Application US705418A events
1968-02-14
1971-08-10
Application granted
1971-08-10
1988-08-10
Anticipated expiration
Status
Expired - Lifetime
Description
translated from
Aug. 10, 1971 R. A. BECK MULTIPLE STAGE HYDRAULIC HEADBOX 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Feb. 14, 1968 N VLT ORV RAM PA/ CK @inf W V @ATTORNEYS Aug. 1o, 1971 y R, ,L BECK 3,598,696
MULTIPLE STAGE HYDRAULIC HEDBOXv Filed Feb. 14. 1968 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Aug. 1o, 1971 R. A. BECK 3,598,696
MULTIPLE STAGF HYDRAULIC HEADBOX Filed Feb. 14. 1968 s sheets-sheet s F25- 5 ff LMV/SNTOR. RAL/Af ECK United States Patent Oice 3,598,696 Patented Aug. l0, 1971 3,598,696 MULTIPLE STAGE HYDRAULIC HEADBOX Ralph A. Beck, Beloit, Wis., assignor to Beloit Corporation, Beloit, Wis. Filed Feb. 14, 1968, Ser. No. 705,418 Int. Cl. D21f 1/06 U.S. Cl. 162-298 4 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE The invention is directed to a headbox for a paper making machine which includes a plurality of stock receiving chambers for delivering discrete stock streams to a continuous moving forming surface. The chambers are formed in a common structure and separated one from the other by wall members. Each of the wall members have ends terminating adjacent the forming surface and the ends of a corresponding pair of wall members constitute the slice opening for the corresponding chamber. Stock is delivered to the forming surface from each of the slice openings in a layer by layer fashion whereby the stock from a second slice opening is laid over the stock from the iirst slice opening, and the stock from the third slice opening is laid over the stock from the second slice opening.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to the handling of fluid slurries, and more particularly, to the maintenance of desired ber distribution of stock slurries onto a forming surface for paper making and the like processes.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The concepts of the present invention have particular utility when used in conjunction with a multiple stage hydraulic headbox. A headbox constructed in accordance with the principles of this invention can be used in conjunction with a suction type breast roll or with a conventional plain breast roll.
The multiple stages or chambers of the headbox could be supplied by individual stock supply and control means, or the multiple stages could be supplied by a common supply and control means.
When the individual stages of the headbox are supplied by individual stock supply means, the sheet ratio can be controlled by controlling the head regulation in the separate stages of the headbox. This provides the advantage that the stock can be delivered to a forming wire in layers and the linear velocity of the stock stream from eachof the stages of the headbox can be controlled as desired to produce paper of a desired quality. For example, the first stage of the headbox will apply the rst layer of stock slurry to the forming wire, and could be operated to apply a stock stream having a speed less than the speed of the forming wire. This action `aligns the -bers of the stock slurry in the machine direction. The second stage of the headbox could be operated at a speed faster than the speed of the forming Wire. This condition gives a slight rolling action to the stock slurry thereby mixing the bers in all directions. The third stage could be operated in a similar manner to the Ifirst stage thereby causing the third layer of the stock slurry to have the bers therein aligned in the machine direction.
Another advantage of utilizing a headbox constructed in accordance with the principles of this invention is that the tirst and third stages of the headbox could be supplied with a stock slurry which is conducive to good printing qualities, and the second or middle stage could be supplied with a stock slurry which has good strength properties. Therefore, the laminar constructed sheet will have both good printing qualities and exceptional strength properties.
Another advantage obtained by utilizing a headbox constructed in accordance With the principles of this invention is that the first and third stages of the headbox could be used to apply iillers and clays to the sheet, and the second or middle stage could be used to apply the main stock slurry of the sheet, and would carry the strength fibers and chemicals.
Still aonther advantage obtained is that different color stock slurries could be used to create a mottled or marbleized effect on the paper lbeing made. In this instance, rag slurries could be used in the center or second stage to add strength to the paper so formed.
Brietly, the headbox includes a plurality of stock receiving chambers positioned one above the other and separated from each other by wall members. The wall members have terminating ends adjacent the forming wire which terminating ends form the slice opening of each of the stages of the headbox. Each Wall member may be slanted with respect to the adjacent wall members so as to form a tapered stock receiving chamber converging in the direction of movement of the forming wire. The terminating ends of certain ones of the wall members are adjustable relative to the adjacent wall members so as to provide means for adjusting the stock flow characteristic of the stock stream passing through the slice opening lformed by the ends of the Wall members. Each of the stock receiving chambers may be provided with turbulence generators to provide the desired vortex turbulence in the stock passing through the chamber.
The terminating ends of the wall members separating and defining the respective stock chambers may be substantially straight or slightly tapered to provide the desired stock stream to a forming wire which is supported by a conventional breast roll. Also, the ends of the wall members may be arcuately shaped substantially in conformity with the radius of a suction breast roll which supports the forming Wire.
Certain ones of the wall members defining the discrete stock receiving chambers may be formed by two or more sections connected together by means which enable the terminating end portion of the wall to pivot with respect to an upstream portion of the corresponding Wall. Additionally, spherical bushings are provided and adjusting rods passing through certain ones of the bushings to provide means for adjusting the relative position of one terminating end of a wall with respect to an adjacent terminating end of a wall without effecting movement of other terminating ends.
Accordingly, other objects, features and advantages will be more fully realized and understood lfrom the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings wherein like reference numerals throughout the various views of the drawings are intended to designate similar elements or components.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. l is a side elevational sectional View of a multiple stage headbox constructed in accordance with the principles of this invention;
FIG. 2 is a side elevational sectional view of an alternate view of an alternate form of the headbox shown in FIG. l;
FIG. 3 is a side elevational sectional view of a connecting knuckle which provides pivotal movement of the terminating end of a wall portion with respect to a iixed upstream end of the corresponding wall portion;
3 FIG. 4 is a side elevational sectional view of spherical bushings and control rods used to adjust the position of certain ones of the terminating ends of the wall members of FIG. 1; and
FIG. 5 is a plan view showing split buttons for retaining the spherical bushings of FIG. 4.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Seen in FIG. 1 is a headbox constructed in accordance with the principles of this invention and is designated generally by reference numeral 10. A headbox includes a base support 11 and a top supporting structure 12.
According to the present invention, the headbox 10 includes a plurality of stock receiving chambers 13, 14 and 15. The stock receiving chamber 13 is defined by a lower wall member 16 which has a terminating end 17 extending therefrom in the direction of movement of a forming wire. Also defining the chamber 13 is an upper wall member 18 which has a terminating end 19 extending in the direction of movement of the forming wire and extending a distance further than the terminating end 17. The terminating ends 17 and 19 of walls 16 and 18 respectively form a slice opening 20 through which a stock stream ows. Additionally, the portion of the wall member 18 including the terminating end 19 is pivotaby connected at a pivot 20 to a stationary portion of the wall 18. Therefore, the position of terminating end 19 may be adjusted relative to the position of terminating end 20 to control the configuration of the stock stream issuing from the slice opening 20.
The stock receiving chamber 14 is formed by the top portion of wall member 18 and the bottom portion of a wall member 22. The wall member 22 includes a terminating end 23 which extends in the direction of movement of the forming wire and extends beyond the terminating end 19. Terminating ends 19 and 23 form a slice opening 24. The portion of wall member 22 including terminating end 19 is pivotably connected at a pivot 26 which joins the movable portion of wall 22 to a stationary portion. Therefore, the movable portion of wall 22 including the terminating end 23 can be adjusted relative to the terminating end 19 thereby changing the configuration of the slice opening 24.
The stock receiving chamber is formed by the top surface of wall member 22 and the bottom surface of a wall member 27. The wall member 27 includes a terminating end 28 which extends in the direction of movement of the forming wire and extends a dimension further than the terminating end 23. The terminating ends 23 and 28 form a slice opening 29. The stock issuing from each of the slice openings 20, 24 and 29 is delivered to a continuously moving forming wire 30 which is wrapped about and supported by a breast roll 31. The breast roll 31 is preferably adjustable vertically up and down so as to control the dimension between the slice openings and the forming wire 30.
The movable portion of wall member 18 includes a threaded spherical bushing 32 which threadedly receives a control rod 33. The control rod 33 passes through apertured spherical bushings 34 and 35 which are mounted in wall members 22 and 27 respectively. A spherical threaded bushing 36 is mounted in the movable portion of wall member 22 intermediate the terminating end 23 and the spherical bushing 34. A control rod 37 is threadedly secured to the spherical bushing 36 and extends through a second apertured spherical bushing 38. The control rod 37 and bushings 36 and 38 allow adjustment of the terminating end 23 relative to terminating end 19 thereby controlling the configuration of the slice Opening 24. The spherical'bushings and control rods allow movement of each of the movable portions of the wall members independent of one another.
Secured to the top member 12 is a support plate 39' which includes a plurality of stiffeners 40 secured between the top member 12 and the wall plate 39 by Welding or other suitable means. A control rod 41 passes through the support plate 39 and engages a pivot 42. The control rod 41 allows adjustment of the terminating end 28 which is pivoted at a pivot point 43 to the wall member 27. In operation, the control rods 33, 37 and 41 may be operated by hand adjusters or by motor driven gear units as desired. Control rod 33 adjusts the position of terminating end 19 relative to terminating end 17 and relative to the forming wire 30 to obtain a proper stock stream characteristic from the first headbox receiving chamber 13. Control rod 37 adjusts the position of terminating end 23 relative to terminating end 19 and relative to the forming wire 30, and is preferably positioned a distance from the forming wire 30 greater than the distance between terminating end 19 and forming wire 30. Therefore, the stock stream issuing from slice opening 24 is applied to the forming wire 30 over the stock stream issuing from slice opening 20 in a layer fashion. Similarly, control rod 41 adjusts the terminating end 28 relative to terminating end 23 and relative to the forming wire 30 to control the configuration of the slice opening 29. Additionally, the distance between the terminating end 28 and the forming wire is preferably greater than the distance between the terminating end 23 and the forming wire 30 so that the stock issuing from the slice opening 29 is applied over the layer of stock issuing from slice opening 24. Therefore, the stock applied to the forming wire 30 is in layers.
Positioned within each of the stock receiving chambers 13, 14 and 15 are turbulence generators 46, 47 and 48 respectively. Also positioned within the stock receiving chambers 13, 14 and 15 are tube- type stock distributors 49, 50 and 51 respectively. A tapered header 52 is provided for introducing the stock into the stock receiving chamber in a uniform pressure distribution in the cross machine direction. Similarly, tapered headers 53 and 54 are associated with stock receiving chambers 14 and 15 respectively.
The stock receiving chambers 13, 14 and 15 may be supplied from a common stock delivery and control system, or from a plurality of separate stock delivery and control systems, as indicated by reference numerals 56, 57 and 58. By utilizing separate stock delivery and control systems, the stock applied to the distinct stock delivery chambers may be of different quality or character to enable the headbox to `form paper sheets having specific qualities. For example, the stock receiving chambers 13 and 15 may receive a stock slurry containing llers and clays, while the stock receiving chamber 14 receives a stock slurry which contains strength fibers and chemicals. Additionally, different colored stocks may be supplied to different ones of the stock receiving chambers to produce a mottled or marbleized effect on the sheet being formed. An additional advantage obtained in utilizing separate stock delivery and control systems is that the stock stream issuing from the different slice `openings may have different linear speeds relative to the speed of the forming wire 30 thereby controlling the characteristics of the fibers in the respective stock streams.
Seen in FIG. 2 is an alternate arrangement of a headbox constructed in accordance with the principles of this invention and is designated generally by refernce numeral 10a. The headbox 10a includes a plurality of stock receiving chambers 13a, 14a and 15a which are constructed similar to stock receiving chambers 13, 14 and 15, of FIG. l. However, the stock receiving chambers 13a, 14a and 15a are inclined upwardly rather than inclined downwardly, as shown in FIG. 1. The terminating ends 17a, 19a, 23a and 28a'are contoured substantially in conformity with the contour of a suction breast roll 31a which supports the forming wire or felt 30a. The terminating end 28a may be adjusted by the control rod 41 to position the end portion of wall member 27 relative to the terminating end 23a and relative to the forming wire 30a. When the headbox a is used for delivering stock to a forming surface, it is preferable that the suction roll 31a be adjustable vertically up and down and horizontally forward and backward to insure proper positioning of the suction roll under the contoured ends of the wall members. Furthermore, it will be understood that the end portions of wall members 18 and 22 may be pivotably connected as shown in FIG. 1. The headbox 10a applies stock to the forming surface from slice openings 20a, 24a and 29a in a similar manner as the headbox of FIG. `1. That is, the stock from the headbox 10a is applied to the forming wire or felt in layers.
Seen in FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a portion of the wall member 18 including the pivot 21. The pivot 21 is formed by an elongated socket 50 which extends along the movable portion of wall member 18 in the cross machine direction. The socket 50 has an opening 51 formed therein which connects to an enlarged diameter opening 52 also extending in the cross machine direction. The socket 50 is secured to the movable portion of wall 18 by a rivet 53. A plug 54 is secured to the stationary portion of wall member 18 and extends in the cr-oss machine direction. The plug 54 includes an extended portion 56 which ultimately is formed into a cylindrical-shaped portion 57 which extends in the cross machine direction. The plug 54 is secured to the stationary portion of wall member 18 by a rivet S8. The cylindrical portion 57 is inserted into the cylindrical opening 52 to provide means for pivoting the movable portion of wall member 18. The angle through which the movable portion of wall member 18 is pivoted is limited by the space between the opening 51 of socket 50 and the thickness of the extended portion 56 of the plug 54. It will be understood that the extended portion 56 and cylindrical portion 57 may be cut off from the plug 54 at predetermined intervals along the cross machine direction while maintaining the strength necessary to support the movable portion of wall member 18.
Seen in FIG. 4 is a sectional view of portions of wall members 18 and 22 showing the detailed configuration of the spherical bushings 32, 34 and 36 together with control rods 33 and 37. 'Ihe spherical bushing 32 threadedly engages the end of control rod 33 and is held in position in the wall member 18 by threaded split buttons 60. Each of the spherical bushings 34 and 36 are held in position in the wall member 22 in a similar manner by similar split buttons =60. The spherical bushing 34 is apertured to provide a sliding clearance for control rod 33. Therefore, movement of the control rod to effect movement of the movable portion of wall member 18 will not move the movable portion of wall member 22.
Seen in FIG. 5 is a top view of the split buttons 60 showing the halves 60a and 60b forming the button 60. The halves 60a and 60b are threaded into the wall members, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5.
Accordingly, the present invention discloses a new and novel headbox configuration for providing a plurality of distinct stock streams to a continuous forming surface, and wherein the stock streams are applied to the forming surface in layers. Accordingly, it will be understood that variations and modifications may be effected without departing from the spirit and scope of the novel concepts of this invention.
I claim as my invention: 1. A headbox assembly for delivering stock for multiply web material comprising:
means defining adjacent upper, intermediate and lower headbox chambers leading to slice openings, individual means supplying stock of a predetermined characteristic to each of said chambers, first, second, third and fourth slice walls extending transversely across the headbox chambers to define the slice openings, the first wall being above the upper slice opening, the second wall being between the upper and intermediate slice openings,
the third wall being between the intermediate and lower slice openings, and
the fourth wall being below the lower slice opening,
the second wall being pivotally supported at an upstream edge and having a movable downstream distal edge so that as the wall is pivoted and the distal edge moves in the downward direction, the upper slice opening will increase simultaneously with the de-` crease of the intermediate slice to change the proportionate amounts of stock in the upper and intermediate layers of web material without changing the total thickness of web material.
2. A headbox assembly for delivering stock for multiply web material comprising:
means defining adjacent upper, intermediate and lower headbox chambers leading to slice openings,
individual means supplying stock of a predetermined characteristic to each of said chambers,
first, second, third and fourth slice walls extending transversely across the headbox chambers to define the slice openings,
the first wall being above the upper slice opening,
the second wall being between the upper and intermediate slice openings,
the third wall being between the intermediate and lower slice openings, and
the fourth wall being below the lower slice opening,
the third wall being pivotally supported at an upstream edge and having a movable downstream distal edge so that as the wall is pivoted and the distal edge moves in the downward direction, the intermediate slice opening will increase simultaneously with the decrease of the lower slice to change the proportionate amounts of stock in the intermediate and lower layers of web material without changing the total thickness of web material.
3. A headbox for a papermaking machine for delivering paper stock to a continuously moving forming wire which is wrapped about a breast roll in the region of the headbox, comprising:
lfirst, second and third stock receiving chambers;
first and second wall members defining said first stock receiving chamber, said second wall member positioned above said first wall member, and said first and second wall members extending in the direction of movement of said forming wire and terminating adjacent the forming wire;
a first slice opening formed at the termination of said first and second wall members;
a third wall member displaced above said second wall member and extending in the direction of movement of the forming wire and terminating adjacent the forming wire;
a second slice opening formed at the termination of said second and third wall members;
a fourth wall member displaced above said third wall member and extending in the `direction of movement of the forming `wire and terminating adjacent the forming wire;
a third slice opening formed at the termination of said third and fourth wall members;
stock delivery means in liuid communication with said first, second and third stock receiving chambers for delivering stock to said chambers and therefrom to the forming wire through said slice openings; and
the portion of said second, third and fourth wall members adjacent said forming wire being contoured substantially in conformity with the periphery defined by the radius of the breast roll supporting the formmg wire.
4. A headbox for a papermaking machine fordelivering paper stock to a continuously moving forming wire which is wrapped about a breast roll in the region of the headbox, comprising:
first, second and third stock receiving chambers;
first and second wall members defining said first stock receiving chamber, said second wall member positioned above said -first wall member, and said first and second Wall members extending in the direction of movement of said forming Wire and terminating adjacent the forming Wire;
a first slice opening formed at the termination of said first and second Wall members;
a third wall member displaced above said second wall member and extending in the direction of mofvement of the forming wire and terminating adjacent the forming Wire;
a second slice opening formed at the termination of said second and third wall members;
a fourth Wall member displaced above said third Wall member and extending in the direction of movement of the forming Wire and terminating adjacent the forming Wire;
a third slice opening formed at the termination of said third and fourth wall members;
stock delivery means in fluid communication with said first, second and third stock receiving chambers for delivering stock to said chambers and therefrom to the forming wire through said slice openings,
means for adjusting the ends of said second, third and fourth wall members relative to said first, second and third Wall members respectively, thereby controlling the stock flow characteristics of the stock issuing from said first, second and third slice openmss,
said means for adjusting including a first ball joint pivotably secured to said second wall member,
a second ball joint pivotably secured to said third wall member,
said second ball joint having an aperture formed therein,
a third ball joint pivotably secured to said fourth wall member,
said third ball joint having an aperture formed therein,
the apertures in said second and third ball joints being in alignment With one another and in alignment with said first ball joint, a control rod passing through the apertures in said second and third ball joints and secured to said third ball joint for effecting movement of the terminating end portion of said ksecond Wall member Without causing movement of third and fourth wall members,
a fourth ball joint secured to said third Wall member intermediate the terminating end thereof and said second ball joint,
a fifth ball joint secured to said fourth wall member intermediate the terminating end thereof and said third ball joint,
said fth ball joint having an aperture formed therein,
a control rod passing through the aperture in said fifth ball joint and secured to said fourth ball joint for effecting movement of the terminating end portion of said third wall member Without disturbing said second and fourth Wall members, and
means for adjusting the relative position of the terminating end of said fourth Wall member With respect to the terminating end of said third Wall member.
References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,394,509 2/194'6 Boettinger 162-343 1,534,080 4/1925 Russell 162-336 2,688,276 9/ 1954 Showers 162-343 3,309,264 3/1967 Parker et al. 162-336 3,384,537 5/1968 Keller 162-300 FOREIGN PATENTS 472,110 3/1951 Canada 162-338 578,379' 6/1958 Italy 162-317 T. A. GRANGElR, Assistant Examiner U.S. Cl. X.R.
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