US3595531A - Mixer apparatus - Google Patents

Mixer apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US3595531A
US3595531A US873806A US3595531DA US3595531A US 3595531 A US3595531 A US 3595531A US 873806 A US873806 A US 873806A US 3595531D A US3595531D A US 3595531DA US 3595531 A US3595531 A US 3595531A
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United States
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accordance
chamber
spherical
materials
mixed
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US873806A
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Alan J Williams
Charles J Starnes
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Dow Chemical Co
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Dow Chemical Co
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N30/00—Investigating or analysing materials by separation into components using adsorption, absorption or similar phenomena or using ion-exchange, e.g. chromatography or field flow fractionation
    • G01N30/02—Column chromatography
    • G01N30/84—Preparation of the fraction to be distributed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F33/00—Other mixers; Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
    • B01F33/45—Magnetic mixers; Mixers with magnetically driven stirrers
    • B01F33/452—Magnetic mixers; Mixers with magnetically driven stirrers using independent floating stirring elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N30/00—Investigating or analysing materials by separation into components using adsorption, absorption or similar phenomena or using ion-exchange, e.g. chromatography or field flow fractionation
    • G01N30/02—Column chromatography
    • G01N30/26—Conditioning of the fluid carrier; Flow patterns
    • G01N30/28—Control of physical parameters of the fluid carrier
    • G01N30/34—Control of physical parameters of the fluid carrier of fluid composition, e.g. gradient
    • G01N2030/347—Control of physical parameters of the fluid carrier of fluid composition, e.g. gradient mixers

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT This invention relates to apparatus for use in indicatin the presence of substances in a small stream of liquid, [54] APPAMTus and pa rticularly to mixing apparatus for use in connection 6 clmms 2 Drawmg with chromatographic apparatus utilizing microcolumns.
  • US. Cl 259/7 The apparatus is a spherical chamber having a close-fitting 259/DlG. 46 ball therein, a pair of inputs and an output.
  • the ball is non- [5l] Int. Cl B01! 7/02, reactive with the materials to be mixed and has a magnet em- BOlf 13/08 bedded therein.
  • the sphere is in two parts to permit easy [50] Field of Search 259/DIG. cleaning and/or replacement of the ball.
  • External magnetic 46, 7, 5, 8;'4l6/3 means cause rotation of the ball.
  • MIXER APPARATUS BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to apparatus for use in indicating the presence of substances in a small stream of liquid, and particularly to mixing apparatus for use in connection with liquid chromatographic apparatus utilizing microcolumns.
  • the amount of column effluent representing any one substance is very small and often is not widely separated from that part of the effluent representing other materials.
  • a principal object of this invention is to provide improved apparatus for mixing small volumes of materials.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide improved, low inventory volume mixing apparatus.
  • a further object of this invention is to provide improved, easy to assemble apparatus for mixing small volumes of material.
  • a two part housing having a spherical inner chamber.
  • a sphere having magnetic means disposed therein fits closely but slidably in the chamber.
  • a pair of input means and an output means spaced from the input means communicate with the chamber.
  • the chamber and the sphere are nonreactive with the materials to be mixed.
  • the sphere is rotated by means of an externally disposed rotating magnetic field.
  • FIG. l is a diagrammatical view of chromatographic apparatus incorporating this invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a side elevational view, partly broken away and in section, of mixing apparatus in accordance with this invention.
  • chromatographic apparatus including a chromatographic column 10, a reservoir or source of material to beanalyzed 12, and a feed tube 14 and pump 16 coupledbetween the reservoir 12 and the top of the column 10.
  • a tube 18 is coupled between the output or bottom of the column and a mixer, indicated generally by the numeral 30.
  • a source of indicator material 20 is coupled through a constant volume pump 24 and tube 22 to the mixer 30.
  • the output of the mixer 30 is coupled through the tube 32 to a detector 34.
  • a line 36 goes to waste or liquid utilization means from the output of the detector.
  • the output of the detector, an electrical signal, is coupled are se arated.
  • the sphere 44 made of polytetrafluorethylene, for example, has magnetic means 46, such as a bar magnet, disposed within it.
  • a motor 48 mounted on a base 50 adjacent to the mixer 30, has a'magnet 52 fixedly coupled to the rotatable shaft of the motor.
  • the liquid is subjected to a shearing action caused by the rotation of the sphere 44, causing excellent mixing of the effluent and the indicator liquid, yet the liquid inventory in the mixer is only of the order of a few microliters.
  • the detector used with one apparatus in accordance with this invention may be a Gilford Monitor or other suitable spectrophotometer, for example.
  • the mixer may be closely coupled to the output of the chromatographic column and to the detector, and because of the small inventoryin the mixer, (see FIG. 2), sharper, better defined output of the instrument may be obtained.
  • Apparatus for mixing very small volumes of fluids comprising a two part body which, when the parts are joined in operative relationship, has a spherical chamber therein, a spherical element having magnetic means incorporated therein, said element having a diameter such that it fits closely but loosely slidably within said spherical chamber, said eleme'nt being made of a material which is nonreactive with materials to be mixed in said apparatus, means for introducing materials to be mixed to said chamber, means remote from said means for introducing materials for withdrawing mixed materials from said chamber, means for joining said body parts together in a fluidtight manner, and means for imposing a moving magnetic field on said spherical element to induce rotation thereof.
  • Apparatus in accordance with claim 1, wherein said means for imposing a moving magnetic field comprises a rotatable magnet disposed adjacent to said body part.
  • Apparatus in accordance with claim 1, wherein said means for joining said body parts together comprises a fluid impervious tightly adhering tapelike element.

Abstract

This invention relates to apparatus for use in indicating the presence of substances in a small stream of liquid, and particularly to mixing apparatus for use in connection with chromatographic apparatus utilizing microcolumns. The apparatus is a spherical chamber having a close-fitting ball therein, a pair of inputs and an output. The ball is nonreactive with the materials to be mixed and has a magnet embedded therein. The sphere is in two parts to permit easy cleaning and/or replacement of the ball. External magnetic means cause rotation of the ball.

Description

United States Patent l l l I 3,595,533 I [72] lnvc mors Alan J. Williams; [56] References Cited Charles .I. Starnes, both of Midland, Mich. UNITED STATES PATENTS "P 8733 2,518,758 8/1950 Cook 259 010. 46 2,999,673 9/l96l Kessler 259/010. 46 Paemd My 3 520 51s 7/1970 Knedlik 259/7 [73] Assignee The Dow Chemical Company Midland, Mich. Primary ExaminerWilliam 1. Price Assistant Examiner-Philip R. Coe Attorneys-Griswold & Burdick and Earl D. Ayers ABSTRACT: This invention relates to apparatus for use in indicatin the presence of substances in a small stream of liquid, [54] APPAMTus and pa rticularly to mixing apparatus for use in connection 6 clmms 2 Drawmg with chromatographic apparatus utilizing microcolumns. [52] US. Cl 259/7, The apparatus is a spherical chamber having a close-fitting 259/DlG. 46 ball therein, a pair of inputs and an output. The ball is non- [5l] Int. Cl B01! 7/02, reactive with the materials to be mixed and has a magnet em- BOlf 13/08 bedded therein. The sphere is in two parts to permit easy [50] Field of Search 259/DIG. cleaning and/or replacement of the ball. External magnetic 46, 7, 5, 8;'4l6/3 means cause rotation of the ball.
MIXER APPARATUS BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to apparatus for use in indicating the presence of substances in a small stream of liquid, and particularly to mixing apparatus for use in connection with liquid chromatographic apparatus utilizing microcolumns.
in many automated organic analysis systems the effluent stream from a chromatographic column is mixed with an excess of indicator salt solution delivered at a constant rate. When so-called microcolumns are used in the chromatographic apparatus, special problems occur in mixing the salt (or other) solution with the effluent stream.
For example, the amount of column effluent representing any one substance is very small and often is not widely separated from that part of the effluent representing other materials.
Thus, difficulty has been encountered when mixing the effluent and indicator in that the volume of material either results in a great amount of indicator for a small amount of effluent or the inventory in the mixer results in the effiuent representing more than one 'material being present in the mixer.
.Accordingly, a principal object of this invention is to provide improved apparatus for mixing small volumes of materials.
Another object of the invention is to provide improved, low inventory volume mixing apparatus.
A further object of this invention is to provide improved, easy to assemble apparatus for mixing small volumes of material.
in accordance with this invention there is provided a two part housing having a spherical inner chamber.
A sphere having magnetic means disposed therein fits closely but slidably in the chamber. A pair of input means and an output means spaced from the input means communicate with the chamber.
The chamber and the sphere are nonreactive with the materials to be mixed. The sphere is rotated by means of an externally disposed rotating magnetic field.
Because of the close spacing between the sphere and the chamber walls, only a few microliters of liquid inventory occurs and excellent mixing is accomplished.
The invention, as well as additional objects and advantages thereof, may best be understood when the following detailed description is read in connection with the accompanying drawing, in which:
FIG. lis a diagrammatical view of chromatographic apparatus incorporating this invention, and
FIG. 2 is a side elevational view, partly broken away and in section, of mixing apparatus in accordance with this invention.
Referring to the drawing, and particularly to FIG. I, there is shown chromatographic apparatus including a chromatographic column 10, a reservoir or source of material to beanalyzed 12, and a feed tube 14 and pump 16 coupledbetween the reservoir 12 and the top of the column 10.
A tube 18 is coupled between the output or bottom of the column and a mixer, indicated generally by the numeral 30. A source of indicator material 20 is coupled through a constant volume pump 24 and tube 22 to the mixer 30.
The output of the mixer 30 is coupled through the tube 32 to a detector 34. A line 36 goes to waste or liquid utilization means from the output of the detector.
The output of the detector, an electrical signal, is coupled are se arated. The mating groun to provide a liqui tight seal and the parts 38, 40 are sealed together usually by a shrink-fitted adhesive strip 42.
The sphere 44, made of polytetrafluorethylene, for example, has magnetic means 46, such as a bar magnet, disposed within it.
A motor 48, mounted on a base 50 adjacent to the mixer 30, has a'magnet 52 fixedly coupled to the rotatable shaft of the motor. i
In operation, with the effiuent of the column 10 being fed directly to the mixer 30 along with indicator liquid from the reservoir 20, the rotation of the magnet 52 by meanspf the motor 12 causes a rotating magnetic field which induces rotation of the sphere 44 in the chamber 54.
The liquid is subjected to a shearing action caused by the rotation of the sphere 44, causing excellent mixing of the effluent and the indicator liquid, yet the liquid inventory in the mixer is only of the order of a few microliters.
The detector used with one apparatus in accordance with this invention may be a Gilford Monitor or other suitable spectrophotometer, for example.
It has also been 'foundthat mixing devices made in accordance with this invention either greatly reduce or eliminate the pulsations due to the pumping systems, thus offering more constant flow.
Because the mixer may be closely coupled to the output of the chromatographic column and to the detector, and because of the small inventoryin the mixer, (see FIG. 2), sharper, better defined output of the instrument may be obtained.
What I claim is:
1. Apparatus for mixing very small volumes of fluids, comprising a two part body which, when the parts are joined in operative relationship, has a spherical chamber therein, a spherical element having magnetic means incorporated therein, said element having a diameter such that it fits closely but loosely slidably within said spherical chamber, said eleme'nt being made of a material which is nonreactive with materials to be mixed in said apparatus, means for introducing materials to be mixed to said chamber, means remote from said means for introducing materials for withdrawing mixed materials from said chamber, means for joining said body parts together in a fluidtight manner, and means for imposing a moving magnetic field on said spherical element to induce rotation thereof.
2. Apparatus in accordance with claim 1, wherein said body is made of a vitreous material.
3. Apparatus in accordance with claim 1, wherein said body parts having mating ends with a hemispherially shaped surface extending inwardly therefrom, said parts being joined at said mating ends.
4. Apparatus in accordance with claim 1, wherein said means for imposing a moving magnetic field comprises a rotatable magnet disposed adjacent to said body part.
5. Apparatus in accordance with claim 1, wherein said magnetic means in said spherical element is a bar magnet.
6. Apparatus in accordance with claim 1, wherein said means for joining said body parts together comprises a fluid impervious tightly adhering tapelike element.
edges of the two parts 38, 40 are

Claims (6)

1. Apparatus for mixing very small volumes of fluids, comprising a two part body which, when the parts are joined in operative relationship, has a spherical chamber therein, a spherical element having magnetic means incorporated therein, said element having a diameter such that it fits closely but loosely slidably within said spherical chamber, said element being made of a material which is nonreactive with materials to be mixed in said apparatus, means for introducing materials to be mixed to said chamber, means remote from said means for introducing materials for withdrawing mixed materials from said chamber, means for joining said body parts together in a fluidtight manner, and means for imposing a moving magnetic field on said spherical element to induce rotation thereof.
2. Apparatus in accordance with claim 1, wherein said body is made of a vitreous material.
3. Apparatus in accordance with claim 1, wherein said body parts having mating ends with a hemispherially shaped surface extending inwardly therefrom, said parts being joined at said mating ends.
4. Apparatus in accordance with claim 1, wherein said means for imposing a moving magnetic field comprises a rotatable magnet disposed adjacent to said body part.
5. Apparatus in accordance with claim 1, wherein said magnetic means in said spherical element is a bar magnet.
6. Apparatus in accordance with claim 1, wherein said means for joining said body parts together comprises a fluid impervious tightly adhering tapelike element.
US873806A 1969-11-04 1969-11-04 Mixer apparatus Expired - Lifetime US3595531A (en)

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Cited By (29)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3862442A (en) * 1971-03-17 1975-01-21 Vernon J David Electric motor orbitor structure
WO1983000228A1 (en) * 1981-07-11 1983-01-20 Siegfried Jochimsen Apparatus for measuring the blood clotting time and method for taking and measuring the time
FR2516658A1 (en) * 1981-11-19 1983-05-20 Behnk Holger Blood coagulation time determination appts. - has sample tube cooperating with magnetic stirrer and vertically maintained within channel by spring loaded ball acting on side wall
US4882062A (en) * 1986-08-29 1989-11-21 Rainin Instrument Co., Inc. Solvent mixing chamber for a liquid chromatography system
EP0411068A1 (en) * 1988-11-08 1991-02-06 Applied Biosystems, Inc. Assayomate
DE19963542A1 (en) * 1999-12-22 2001-09-20 Freyer Thomas Mixer for medium and average viscous fluids driven by magnetic force exerted from outside mixer chamber
US6382827B1 (en) * 2000-11-01 2002-05-07 Dade Behring Inc. Method and apparatus for mixing liquid solutions using a rotating magnet to generate a stirring vortex action
WO2002072251A1 (en) * 2001-03-07 2002-09-19 Holl Technologies Company Methods and apparatus for materials processing
US6461034B1 (en) * 2001-11-14 2002-10-08 V & P Scientific, Inc. Use of a bubble paddle tumble stirrer to mix the contents of a vessel while the contents are being removed
US20020148640A1 (en) * 2001-04-12 2002-10-17 Holl Technologies Company Methods of manufacture of electric circuit substrates and components having multiple electric characteristics and substrates and components so manufactured
US6467946B1 (en) * 2001-04-24 2002-10-22 Dade Microscan Inc. Method and apparatus for mixing liquid samples in a container using rotating magnetic fields
US20030066624A1 (en) * 2001-09-13 2003-04-10 Holl Richard A. Methods and apparatus for transfer of heat energy between a body surface and heat transfer fluid
US20040013587A1 (en) * 2002-07-16 2004-01-22 Holl Richard A. Processes employing multiple successive chemical reaction process steps and apparatus therefore
US20040052158A1 (en) * 2002-09-11 2004-03-18 Holl Richard A. Methods and apparatus for high-shear mixing and reacting of materials
US6723999B2 (en) 1999-07-02 2004-04-20 Holl Technologies Company Electromagnetic wave assisted chemical processing
US6742774B2 (en) 1999-07-02 2004-06-01 Holl Technologies Company Process for high shear gas-liquid reactions
US20040114462A1 (en) * 2001-03-08 2004-06-17 Schunk Stephan Andreas Process and devices for homogeneously mixing a solid phase which is present in finely dispersed state with a fluid
US6787246B2 (en) 2001-10-05 2004-09-07 Kreido Laboratories Manufacture of flat surfaced composites comprising powdered fillers in a polymer matrix
US20040188077A1 (en) * 2002-10-03 2004-09-30 Holl Technologies Company Apparatus for transfer of heat energy between a body surface and heat transfer fluid
US20050033069A1 (en) * 1999-07-02 2005-02-10 Holl Richard A. Process for high shear gas-liquid reactions
US20050287670A1 (en) * 2004-06-29 2005-12-29 Gulliver Eric A Cell culturing systems, methods and apparatus
US20060081539A1 (en) * 2002-04-26 2006-04-20 Abbott Laboratories Structure and method for handling magnetic particles in biological assays
US20090027998A1 (en) * 2007-07-25 2009-01-29 Abbott Laboratories Magnetic mixer
US20100089755A1 (en) * 2008-10-10 2010-04-15 Wealtec Bioscience Co., Ltd. Technical measure for gel electrophoresis shaping
US20130315024A1 (en) * 2012-05-25 2013-11-28 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. System and Method of Mixing a Formation Fluid Sample Obtained in a Downhole Sampling Chamber
US11185830B2 (en) 2017-09-06 2021-11-30 Waters Technologies Corporation Fluid mixer
US11555805B2 (en) 2019-08-12 2023-01-17 Waters Technologies Corporation Mixer for chromatography system
US11821882B2 (en) 2020-09-22 2023-11-21 Waters Technologies Corporation Continuous flow mixer
US11898999B2 (en) 2020-07-07 2024-02-13 Waters Technologies Corporation Mixer for liquid chromatography

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2518758A (en) * 1949-06-22 1950-08-15 George B Cook Magnetic stirring apparatus
US2999673A (en) * 1959-08-05 1961-09-12 Technicon Instr Liquid mixing means
US3520518A (en) * 1968-08-12 1970-07-14 Omar Knedlik Enterprises Inc Fluid blending pump

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2518758A (en) * 1949-06-22 1950-08-15 George B Cook Magnetic stirring apparatus
US2999673A (en) * 1959-08-05 1961-09-12 Technicon Instr Liquid mixing means
US3520518A (en) * 1968-08-12 1970-07-14 Omar Knedlik Enterprises Inc Fluid blending pump

Cited By (48)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3862442A (en) * 1971-03-17 1975-01-21 Vernon J David Electric motor orbitor structure
WO1983000228A1 (en) * 1981-07-11 1983-01-20 Siegfried Jochimsen Apparatus for measuring the blood clotting time and method for taking and measuring the time
US4876069A (en) * 1981-07-11 1989-10-24 Siegfried Jochimsen Blood clotting time measuring apparatus
FR2516658A1 (en) * 1981-11-19 1983-05-20 Behnk Holger Blood coagulation time determination appts. - has sample tube cooperating with magnetic stirrer and vertically maintained within channel by spring loaded ball acting on side wall
US4882062A (en) * 1986-08-29 1989-11-21 Rainin Instrument Co., Inc. Solvent mixing chamber for a liquid chromatography system
EP0411068A1 (en) * 1988-11-08 1991-02-06 Applied Biosystems, Inc. Assayomate
EP0411068A4 (en) * 1988-11-08 1992-01-15 Applied Biosystems, Inc. Assayomate
US20040222536A1 (en) * 1999-07-02 2004-11-11 Holl Richard A. Process for high shear gas-liquid reactions
US7538237B2 (en) 1999-07-02 2009-05-26 Kreido Laboratories Process for high shear gas-liquid reactions
US6994330B2 (en) 1999-07-02 2006-02-07 Kriedo Laboratories Process for high shear gas-liquid reactions
US20050033069A1 (en) * 1999-07-02 2005-02-10 Holl Richard A. Process for high shear gas-liquid reactions
US6742774B2 (en) 1999-07-02 2004-06-01 Holl Technologies Company Process for high shear gas-liquid reactions
US6723999B2 (en) 1999-07-02 2004-04-20 Holl Technologies Company Electromagnetic wave assisted chemical processing
DE19963542C2 (en) * 1999-12-22 2003-08-28 Freyer Thomas Device for mixing multi-component fluids
DE19963542A1 (en) * 1999-12-22 2001-09-20 Freyer Thomas Mixer for medium and average viscous fluids driven by magnetic force exerted from outside mixer chamber
US6382827B1 (en) * 2000-11-01 2002-05-07 Dade Behring Inc. Method and apparatus for mixing liquid solutions using a rotating magnet to generate a stirring vortex action
WO2002072251A1 (en) * 2001-03-07 2002-09-19 Holl Technologies Company Methods and apparatus for materials processing
US6752529B2 (en) 2001-03-07 2004-06-22 Holl Technologies Company Methods and apparatus for materials processing
US6471392B1 (en) * 2001-03-07 2002-10-29 Holl Technologies Company Methods and apparatus for materials processing
US20040114462A1 (en) * 2001-03-08 2004-06-17 Schunk Stephan Andreas Process and devices for homogeneously mixing a solid phase which is present in finely dispersed state with a fluid
US20020148640A1 (en) * 2001-04-12 2002-10-17 Holl Technologies Company Methods of manufacture of electric circuit substrates and components having multiple electric characteristics and substrates and components so manufactured
US6830806B2 (en) 2001-04-12 2004-12-14 Kreido Laboratories Methods of manufacture of electric circuit substrates and components having multiple electric characteristics and substrates and components so manufactured
US6467946B1 (en) * 2001-04-24 2002-10-22 Dade Microscan Inc. Method and apparatus for mixing liquid samples in a container using rotating magnetic fields
WO2002085505A1 (en) * 2001-04-24 2002-10-31 Dade Microscan Inc. Method and apparatus for mixing liquid samples in a container using rotating magnetic fields
US20030066624A1 (en) * 2001-09-13 2003-04-10 Holl Richard A. Methods and apparatus for transfer of heat energy between a body surface and heat transfer fluid
US6787246B2 (en) 2001-10-05 2004-09-07 Kreido Laboratories Manufacture of flat surfaced composites comprising powdered fillers in a polymer matrix
US6461034B1 (en) * 2001-11-14 2002-10-08 V & P Scientific, Inc. Use of a bubble paddle tumble stirrer to mix the contents of a vessel while the contents are being removed
US8211301B2 (en) 2002-04-26 2012-07-03 Abbott Laboratories Structure and method for handling magnetic particles in biological assays
US8728311B2 (en) 2002-04-26 2014-05-20 Abbott Laboratory Structure and method for handling magnetic particles in biological assays
US20060081539A1 (en) * 2002-04-26 2006-04-20 Abbott Laboratories Structure and method for handling magnetic particles in biological assays
US20100227387A1 (en) * 2002-04-26 2010-09-09 Safar Scott G Structure and method for handling magnetic particles in biological assays
US7718072B2 (en) 2002-04-26 2010-05-18 Abbott Laboratories Structure and method for handling magnetic particles in biological assays
US20040013587A1 (en) * 2002-07-16 2004-01-22 Holl Richard A. Processes employing multiple successive chemical reaction process steps and apparatus therefore
US7098360B2 (en) 2002-07-16 2006-08-29 Kreido Laboratories Processes employing multiple successive chemical reaction process steps and apparatus therefore
US20040052158A1 (en) * 2002-09-11 2004-03-18 Holl Richard A. Methods and apparatus for high-shear mixing and reacting of materials
US7165881B2 (en) 2002-09-11 2007-01-23 Holl Technologies Corporation Methods and apparatus for high-shear mixing and reacting of materials
US20040188077A1 (en) * 2002-10-03 2004-09-30 Holl Technologies Company Apparatus for transfer of heat energy between a body surface and heat transfer fluid
US6938687B2 (en) 2002-10-03 2005-09-06 Holl Technologies Company Apparatus for transfer of heat energy between a body surface and heat transfer fluid
US20050287670A1 (en) * 2004-06-29 2005-12-29 Gulliver Eric A Cell culturing systems, methods and apparatus
US20090027998A1 (en) * 2007-07-25 2009-01-29 Abbott Laboratories Magnetic mixer
US20100089755A1 (en) * 2008-10-10 2010-04-15 Wealtec Bioscience Co., Ltd. Technical measure for gel electrophoresis shaping
US8398838B2 (en) * 2008-10-10 2013-03-19 Wealtec Bioscience Co., Ltd. Technical measure for gel electrophoresis shaping
US20130315024A1 (en) * 2012-05-25 2013-11-28 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. System and Method of Mixing a Formation Fluid Sample Obtained in a Downhole Sampling Chamber
US8960998B2 (en) * 2012-05-25 2015-02-24 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. System and method of mixing a formation fluid sample in a downhole sampling chamber with a magnetic mixing element
US11185830B2 (en) 2017-09-06 2021-11-30 Waters Technologies Corporation Fluid mixer
US11555805B2 (en) 2019-08-12 2023-01-17 Waters Technologies Corporation Mixer for chromatography system
US11898999B2 (en) 2020-07-07 2024-02-13 Waters Technologies Corporation Mixer for liquid chromatography
US11821882B2 (en) 2020-09-22 2023-11-21 Waters Technologies Corporation Continuous flow mixer

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