US3595442A

US3595442A - Liquid dispenser-container

Info

Publication number: US3595442A
Authority: US
Inventors: Sanford S Shapiro
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1969-12-18
Filing date: 1969-12-18
Publication date: 1971-07-27
Anticipated expiration: 1988-07-27

Abstract

The dispenser has an inlet and an outlet with a venturi connecting the inlet and outlet, the venturi having a converging portion, a reduced portion and a diverging portion. An annular chamber surrounds the reduced portion having ports extending therethrough. A duct in the dispenser leads from the chamber and opens through the bottom of the dispenser, which bottom has parallel guides formed in its edges. A removable liquid chemical container having a top adapter plate is slidably inserted in the guides, and the container has a suction tube therein adapted to register with the duct; also a vent duct in said adapter opens to the atmosphere and communicates with the interior of the container. A main pipe connects a liquid pressure source with the dispenser inlet. A valved bypass is provided around the venturi for controlling the degree of suction within the annular chamber around the reduced portion thereof, thereby controlling the amount of liquid chemical drawn into the liquid passing to the outlet of the dispenser.

Description

United States Patent [72] Inventor Sanford S. Shapiro 7009 Rivol Road, Canoga Park, Calif. 91304 2| Appl. No. 886,241 [22] Filed Dec. 18, 1969 [45] Patented July 27, I971 [54] LIQUID DISPENSER-CONTAINER 15 Claims, 10 Drawing Figs.

[52] U.S.Cl 222/133, 222/193, 137/205.5, 137/268 [51] Int. Cl B67d 5/56 [50] Field olSearch 222/187, 188,193, 204,416, 564. 133 I45; l37/268, 564.5, 205.5

[56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,165,114 1/1965 Garrett l37/268 2,766,910 10/1956 Bauerlein 222/193 X Primary Examiner-Samuel E. Coleman Assistant ExaminerThomas E. Kocovsky ArromeyAlexander & Dowell ABSTRACT: The dispenser has an inlet and an outlet with a venturi connecting the inlet and outlet, the venturi having a converging portion, a reduced portion and a diverging portion. An annular chamber surrounds the reduced portion having ports extending therethrough. A duct in the dispenser leads from the chamber and opens through the bottom of the dispenser, which bottom has parallel guides formed in its edges. A removable liquid chemical container having a top adapter plate is slidably inserted in the guides, and the container has a suction tube therein adapted to register with the duct; also a vent duct in said adapter opens to the atmosphere and communicates with the interior of the container. A main pipe connects a liquid pressure source with the dispenser inlet. A valved bypass is provided around the venturi for controlling the degree of suction within the annular chamber around the reduced portion thereof, thereby controlling the amount of liquid chemical drawn into the liquid passing to the outlet of the dispenser.

PATENTEI] JUL27 I971 SHEET 2 [IF 5 ATTORN I-IYS PATENTEU JUL27 nan SHEET 3 BF 5 INVENTOBS //WMW S. C

PATENTED JUL27 i971 3,595,442

SHEET b 0F 5 INVENTORS mlmms PATENTED JUL27 19m SHEET 5 OF 5 FIG. 9

A may fLi Um DISPENSER-CONTAINER 1 DESCRIPTION OF INVENTION soaps, bleaches, and fabric conditioners into the input flow of water passing intowashing machines and the like.

The principal object of my invention. is to provide both liquid dispenser and a unique container which is easily at,- tached tothe dispenser, both the dispenser and the container being characterized by novel designs whose simplicity result in significant manufacturing economies. The dispenser automatically dispenses into thehigh-pr'essure water flow through it, the liquid chemical content of the container attached to it. Since there are no moving parts associatedwith its operation, it possesses extremely high reliability. v

I will explain the invention with reference to panying drawings which illustrateseveral practical embodiments thereof, to enable others familiar with the art to adopt and use the same,and will summarize in the claims the novel features of construction, and novel combinations of parts, for which protection is desired.

In said drawings: I n

FIG. 1' is a perspective .view of a preferred form of a dispenser according to my invention. V l

FIG. 2 is a side elevation of one half of the dispenser shown therefor therein. Y 6

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal section through the venturi tube of the dispenser shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.

FIG. 4 is an end elevation of the tube shown in FIG. 3.

. FIG. '5 is a perspective view of a preferred liquid container and attached adapter used withthe dispenser shown in FIG. 1.

FIG. 6 is'a cross-sectional view through an alternate design of the liquid dispenser which includes a built-in adjustable bypass for the control of the suctionrate. v

FIG. 7 is an elevational view illustrating the preferred embodimentshown in FIGS. 1 and installed in a lawn or garden.

FIG. 8 is an elevational view illustrating the alternate embodiment shown in FIG.'6 installed in a lawn or garden.

FIG. 9, is a plan view showing an arrangement of several liquid dispensers with attached liquid containers installed next in FIG. showing the venturitube inserted in. the bore to a house in a lawn or garden.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing a modified adapter with a conventional screw-top liquid container connected to 1 The operationof the liquid dispenser is dependent upon a venturi having a converging tube combined with a diverging tube and can be explained mathematically through the usage 'of the Bernoulli theorem. Bernoulli showed that the converging and diverging tubes are efficient devices for converting pressurehead to velocity head and for converting velocity head to pressure head respectively.

Bernoulli's theorem states that (P/W)+Z+( stant where 'P fluid pressure in pounds per square foot. W specif c weight of fluid in pounds per cubic foot. 2 elevation above any arbitrary datum plane in feet. v mean'velocityof fluidin feet per second. g =acceleration of gravity= 32.174 feet per square second. I I

Applying Bernoulli's theorem to any diverging tube whose axis is horizontal (sothat Z is constant on both sides of the to decr'e ase. I

the accom- The invention comprises liquid dispenser l and attached liquid container 31. In one preferred embodiment (FIG. 7),

f the system of the subject invention is attached to household water inlet line 42 by means of antisiphon valve 41 and outside .line 43. Outside line 43 enters liquiddispenser 1. Line l4 leaves liquid dispenser l and joins with'bypass line 12 forming line 44.

The high-pressure water from line 43 enters the liquid dispenser l at input port 2 (FIG. 1). The water travels through venturi tube 5 which is clamped between the halves of dispenser 1. Tube 5 converges into tube 19 converting presthe liquid dispenser 1 at output port 3, into sprinkler line 44,

andthen out the individual sprinkler heads 46 (FIG. 7). Tube 19 diverges into tube 20 (FIGS. 1 and 3) converting velocity headbackto pressure head. The converging tube 5 and the diverging tube 20 are thus efficient devices for converting pressure head to velocity head and for converging velocity head back to pressure head. The net result is that liquid chemical is drawn into the high-pressure water flowing between input port 2 and output port 3, and with a small pressure dropbetween those two ports.

Bypass line 12 (FIG. 7) allows a portion of the water flow out of antisiphon valve 41' to bypass the liquid dispenser l.

'The portion'of the water that bypasses the liquid dispenser l is controlled'by hand valve 13. Since the pressure in tube 19 is dependent upon the water flow through the liquid dispenser 1,

hand valve l3actually controls the rate at which the liquid chemical is drawn from container 31 into the high-pressure water flowing between input port 2 and output port 3 of dispenser 1. v

5 An alternate embodiment of the system of the subject invention is shown in FIG. 8, the same being attached to household water line 42 by means of antisiphon valve 41 and outside line 43. FIG. 8 also shows an installation of the alternate design of the liquid dispenser 22 with liquid container 31 attached. The high-pressure water from line 43 enters the liquid dispenser 22 at input port 24 (FIG. 6). The water travels from port 24 into a tube 50, which tube divides into sections 51 and 53 (FIG. 6). The portion of the water in tube 50 that enters section 51 is dependent upon the position of valve 55 in section 53. when valve 55 has been manually turned by handle 10 so as to position'aperture 54 aligned with the flow of water in section 53, a relatively small portion of the water in tube 50 will enter section 51. When aperture 54 is perpendicular to the flow of water in section 53, section 53 is effectively closed and all the water in tube 50 must go to section 51. The effect of valve 55, in the alternate design of the liquid dispenser, is thus to provide an adjustable bypass for section 51. It functions in a similar manner as does valve 13 in the installation of the preferred form of dispenser shown in FIG. 7, which is a less costly dispenser. The pressure at tube 26 (FIG. 6) of section 51 is dependent upon the velocity of fluid passing through it. When valve 55 is opened to bypass the flow through section 51, the velocity of fluid passing tube 26 is decreased thus increasing the pressure at tube 26. Tube 51 converges to tube 26 converting pressure head to velocity head; The pressure at the 10 ports 27 in tube 26 is below atmospheric causing liquid chemical from the liquid container 31 to be sucked up through tube 35 (FIG. 5) through tube 28 (FIG. 6) in dispenser 22, through cavity 7 surrounding tube 26, through ports 27, through tube 26, through diverging tube 52, through passage 57, and out of the liquid dispenser 22 at output port 25, into sprinkler line 44 and out the individual sprinkler heads 46. In FIG. 6, web 56 in the bore of the dispenser acts to form the two separate passages 51 and 53in in the hand and guiding the extended or flanged top adapter plate 21 (FIG. 5) of container 31, into and along tracks 40 (FIGS. I and 2) or tracks 66 (FIG. 6). As container 31 is thus inserted into the

liquid dispenser

1 or 22 with extended top adapter plate 21 engaging

track

40 or 66, first only the thin section 29 (FIG. 5) of top adapter plate 21 is engaged, then the thick section 30 (FIG. 5) of top adapter plate 21 is engaged. In the top of the thick portion 30 of top adapter plate 21 is an opening 33 into the tube 35 which tube terminates near the bottom of container 31. In the top of the thin portion 29 of top adapter 21 is a vent opening 34 into the top of container 31. When the container 31 is completely inserted into the

liquid dispenser

1 and 22, the thick portion 30 causes opening 33 to fit snugly up against Teflon washer seal 11 (FIG. 2) or 9 (FIG. 6). In this position tube 35 of container 31 is in communication with tube 4 of FIG. 2, or tube 28 of FIG. 6 of the liquid dispenser I or 22, with a properly sealed connection through Teflon washer seal 11 or 9. Since opening 34 is on the thin portion 29 of top plate, same does not fit snugly up against the liquid dispenser I or 22, therefore air can enter opening 34 to relieve vacuum formed in container 31 when the liquid chemical leaves the container 31 through tube 35.

Enlarged tube sections 60 and 61 (FIG. 3) of dispenser l and enlarged tube sections 58 and 59 (FIG. 6) of dispenser 22 allow input out output pipes to be attached thereto while maintaining constant tube interior dimensions. In FIG. 6 input port 24 of dispenser 22 (FIG. 6) is larger than output port 25. One inch pipe would be connected to the input port 24 of dispenser 22 and three-quarter inch pipe would be connected to output port 25. The larger input passage 24 is associated with a reduced velocity head. The dispenser 22 has reduced pressure drop through it, since pressure drop is proportional to the rate offlow. Dispenser 1 (FIG. 2) is intended to be more economical than dispenser 22, and it operates satisfactorily, however, without the larger input port.

The installation of dispenser 22 in FIG. 8 does not require a bypass such as line 12 of the installation of dispenser 1 in FIG. 7. A less expensive equivalent to the built-in bypass passage 53, with control valve 55 of dispenser 22, is added to the installation of dispenser 1 in FIG. 7 in which high-pressure water flows from anti siphon valve 41 and splits to flow in part to line 43 and in part to line 12. The portion of flow into line 43 (FIG. 7) is dependent upon the setting of valve 13. When valve 13 is manually closed by handle 64, all of the flow is through line 43. When valve 13 is partially opened, there is less flow through line 43. The effect of valve 13 is to provide an adjustable bypass for liquid dispenser I so as to control its rate of suction and thus the degree of liquid chemical dilution emitted from sprinkler heads 46.

Tracks

66 and 40 of dispensers 22 and l are inclined with respect to the horizontal plane for two purposes: firstly, to more securely attach the container 31 to the dispenser without it slipping out; and secondly, to tilt the container 31 so that tube 35 can more completely empty the liquid chemical contents thereof. Tube 35 is cut at an angle at its termination at the bottom of container 31 as shown in FIGS. 5 and 10. The purpose of this is not to allow it to completely empty the containers liquid contents, since there may be a solidified residue at the bottom of the container which might clog the small ports 18 and 27 of the tubes 19 and 26.

The ten small diameter ports 18 and 27 allow the same large suction rate of liquid chemical as would fewer large diameter ports. However, the smaller diameter ports minimally perturb the flow in the small sections 19 and 26 of the venturi tube, thus minimizing the possibility of cavitation being set up at large flow rates. Such cavitation would not allow the pressure at sections 19 and 26 to go below atmospheric to suck liquid chemical from the container 31.

Obviously a screw-top liquid container 310 may be used with the

dispensers

1 and 22, same being illustrated in FIG. 10. In this modification the neck of the container is provided with the usual external screw threads engaging the internal screw threads in a cap 31b secured to the underside of the thick portion 30 of the top adapter plate 21, the tube 35 passing through the center of the cap 31!; and through the thick por' tion 30 of the adapter plate 21, and the vent hole 34 communicating with the interior of the container 31a through the cap 31b.

l have thus provided a combined liquid dispenser and uniquely attached liquid container; a container having a unique shape for attachment to the dispenser; an adapter that allows conventional screw-top liquid containers to be attached to the dispenser; an adjustable bypass either built-in as in the dispenser arrangement of FIG, 6, or added in the installation as in the dispenser arrangement of FIG. 7, for the control of the suction rate.

lclaim:

1. In combination with a source of liquid under pressure, a dispenser having an inlet and an outlet; a venturi in the dispenser connecting said inlet and outlet, and having a converging portion, a reduced portion and a diverging portion; an annular chamber surrounding the reduced portion having ports extending therethrough; a duct in the dispenser leading from the chamber and opening through the bottom of the dispenser; parallel guides formed at the bottom of the dispenser; a removable liquid chemical container having a top adapter plate slidably inserted in said guides, said container having a suction tube therein adapted to register with the said duct; a vent duct in said adapter plate open to the atmosphere and communicating with the interior of the container; a main pipe connecting the liquid pressure source with the dispenser inlet; and a valved bypass for controlling the degree of suction within the annular chamber around said reduced portion of the venturi, thereby controlling the amount of liquid chemical drawn into the liquid passing through the venturi to the outlet of the dispenser.

2. In a combination as set forth in claim 1, said bypass comprising a bypass pipe disposed exteriorly of the dispenser and connecting the main pipe in advance of the dispenser inlet with the dispenser outlet; and an adjustable valve in said bypass pipe for controlling the amount ofliquid from the pressure source passing to the dispenser inlet.

3. In a combination as set forth in claim 1, a built-in web in the bore of the dispenser dividing the bore into first and second separate passages, each communicating with the inlet and outlet of the dispenser; said first passage forming the venturi; said second passage forming the bypass; and an adjustable valve in said second passage for controlling the flow of liquid therethrough and hence the rate of flow through the said venturi.

4. In a combination as set forth in claim 1, said guides in the dispenser for the adapter plate being inclined with respect to the horizontal plane to more securely attach the same to the dispenser and to permit the container to be completely emptied by suction ofthe suction tube.

5. In a combination as set forth in claim 1, said ports between the reduced portion of the venturi and the annular chamber comprising a series of holes of small diameter to prevent cavitation during high flow rates through the venturi.

6. In a combination as set forth in claim 1, said adapter plate having a thin end portion through which the vent duct is formed, and a thick end portion formed with a hole receivin' the upper end of the suction tube of the container and adapted to seat firmly against a washer seal in the bottom of the dispenser around the dispenser duct; said container being secured to the underside of the adapter plate.

7. In a combination as set forth in claim 6, the container having a screw cap, and said cap being secured to the under side of the adapter plate at the thick end portion; the suction tube of the container passing through the cap and thick end portion, and the vent duct communicating with the interior ol the container through said cap.

8. In combination with a source of liquid under pressure, a dispenser having an inlet and an outlet; a venturi in the dispenser connecting said inlet and outlet, and having a converging portion,a reduced portion and a diverging portion; a duct in the dis'penserleading from the reduced portion and opening through the bottom of the dispenser; parallel guides formed at the bottom of the dispenser; a removable liquid chemical container having a top adapter plate slidably inserted in said guides, said container having a suction tube therein adapted to register with said duct; and a vent duct in said adapter plate open to the atmosphere and communicating with the interior of the container.

9. In a combination as set forth in claim 8, said guides in the dispenser for the adapter plate being at an angle between the horizontal and vertical planes so as to cause the bottom of the suction tube of the container to be located close to the lowest portion of the inserted container so as to permit the container to be completely emptied by suction of the suction tube.

10. In a combination as set forth in claim 8, said adapter plate having a thin end portion through which the vent duct is formed, and a thick end portion formed with a hole receiving the upper end of the suction tube of the container and adapted to seat firmly against a washer seal in the bottom of the dispenser around the dispenser duct; said container being secured 'to the underside of the adapter plate.

11. In a combination as set forth in claim 10, the container having a screw cap, and said cap being secured to the underside of the adapter plate at the thick end portion; the suction tube of the container passing through the cap and thick end portion, and the vent duct communicating with the interior of the container through said cap. a

12. In combination with a source of liquid under pressure, a dispenser having an inlet and an outlet; a venturi in the dispenser connecting said inlet and outlet, and having a converging portion, a reduced portion and a diverging portion; a duct in the dispenser leading leading from the reduced portion and opening through the side of the dispenser; parallel guides formed at the side adapter plate slidably inserted in said guides, said container having a suction tube therein adapted to register with said duct; and a vent duct in said adapter plate open to the atmosphere and communicating with the interior of the container.

13. In a combination as set forth in claim 12, said guides in the dispenser for the adapter plate being at any angle between the horizontal and vertical planes so as to cause the bottom of the suction tube of the container to be located close to the lowest portion of the inserted container so as to permit the container to be completely emptied by suction of the suction tube.

14. In a combination as set forth in claim 12, said adapter plate having a thin end portion through which the vent duct is formed, and a thick end portion formed with a hole receiving the upper end of the suction tube of the container and adapted to seat firmly against a washer seal in the side of the dispenser around the dispenser duct; said container being secured to the side of the adapter plate.

15. In a combination as set forth in claim 14, the container having a screw cap, and said cap being secured to the side of v the adapter plate at the thick end portion; the suction tube of the container passing through the cap and thick end portion,

and the vent duct communicating with the interior of the container through said cap.

Claims

2. In a combination as set forth in claim 1, said bypass comprising a bypass pipe disposed exteriorly of the dispenser and connecting the main pipe in advance of the dispenser inlet with the dispenser outlet; and an adjustable valve in said bypass pipe for controlling the amount of liquid from the pressure source passing to the dispenser inlet.

4. In a combination as set forth in claim 1, said guides in the dispenser for the adapter plate being inclined with respect to the horizontal plane to more securely attach the same to the dispenser and to permit the container to be completely emptied by suction of the suction tube.

6. In a combination as set forth in claim 1, said adapter plate having a thin end portion through which the vent duct is formed, and a thick end portion formed with a hole receiving the upper end of the suction tube of the container and adapted to seat firmly against a washer seal in the bottom of the dispenser around the dispenser duct; said container being secured to the underside of the adapter plate.

7. In a combination as set forth in claim 6, the container having a screw cap, and said cap being secured to the underside of the adapter plate at the thick end portion; the suction tube of the container passing through the cap and thick end portion, and the vent duct communicating with the interior of the container through said cap.

8. In combination with a source of liquid under pressure, a dispenser having an inlet and an outlet; a venturi in the dispenser connecting said inlet and outlet, and having a converging portion, a reduced portion and a diverging portion; a duct in the dispenser leading from the reduced portion and opening through the bottom of the dispenser; parallel guides formed at the bottom of the dispenser; a removable liquid chemical container having a top adapter plate slidably inserted in said guides, said container having a suction tube therein adapted to register with said duct; and a vent duct in said adapter plate open to the atmosphere and communicating with the interior of the container.

10. In a combination as set forth in claim 8, said adapter plate having a thin end portion through which the vent duct is formed, and a thick end portion formed with a hole receiving the upper end of the suction tube of the container and adapted to seat firmly against a washer seal in the bottom of the dispenser around the dispenser duct; said container being secured to the underside of the adapter plate.

11. In a combination as set forth in claim 10, the container having a screw cap, and said cap being secured to the underside of the adapter plate at the thick end portion; the suction tube of the container passing through the cap and thick end portion, and the vent duct communicating with the interior of the container through said cap.

15. In a combination as set forth in claim 14, the container having a screw cap, and said cap being secured to the side of the adapter plate at the thick end portion; the suction tube of the container passing through the cap and thick end portion, and the vent duct communicating with the interior of the container through said cap.