US3567202A - Device for injection by top-blowing into a metal bath - Google Patents

Device for injection by top-blowing into a metal bath Download PDF

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Publication number
US3567202A
US3567202A US672107A US3567202DA US3567202A US 3567202 A US3567202 A US 3567202A US 672107 A US672107 A US 672107A US 3567202D A US3567202D A US 3567202DA US 3567202 A US3567202 A US 3567202A
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United States
Prior art keywords
stream
lance
channels
nozzle
blowing
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Expired - Lifetime
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US672107A
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English (en)
Inventor
Robert Mercatoris
Joseph Nepper
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Arcelor Luxembourg SA
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Arbed SA
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/30—Regulating or controlling the blowing
    • C21C5/32—Blowing from above
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
    • C21C5/46—Details or accessories
    • C21C5/4606—Lances or injectors

Definitions

  • Our present invention relates to a device for the treat ment of a metal bath in a metallurgical furnace (converter) by top-blowing of an oxidizing fluid, usually a gas or a gas mixture, which may entrain a suspended charge of pulverulent or granular solid material such as iron, alloying metals, lime or other reagents, e.g., as described in commonly owned US. Pat. No. 3,130,252, issued Apr. 21, 1964, to Paul Metz.
  • an oxidizing fluid usually a gas or a gas mixture
  • pulverulent or granular solid material such as iron, alloying metals, lime or other reagents
  • the general object of our present invention is to provide a blowing device representing a further advance of the art, and an improvement over the disclosure of that earlier patent.
  • a more particular object of our invention is to provide an easily assembled lance capable of discharging two independently controllable gas streams in peripherally interacting relationship.
  • the blowing device is constituted by a cooled double lance comprising a generally upright central conduit for the injection of a refining gas, capable of entraining suspended solids to be added to the melt, and an outer conduit concentrically surrounding the former to serve for the injection of secondary oxygen.
  • the central conduit is formed by an elongate, preferably converging-diverging tubular member.
  • the outer conduit terminates at its bottom part in a peripheral array of generally helical channels which interconnect the two conduits and whose axes are skew to the conduit axis. This orientation of their axes increases the path length through the channels sufficiently to give guidance and direction to the outflowing jets of secondary oxygen even after they have left the discharge part.
  • the orientation of these jets is such that the secondary flow comes only tangentially into contact with the main or central stream and surrounds it with a more or less gyratory movement completely enveloping the main jet.
  • the cross section of the secondary discharge channels i.e., the section transverse to the channel axis, has approximately the form of a semicircle open toward the outside.
  • the secondary-flow channels can be machined from the outside into a metallic collar constituting the lower extremity of the lance, with considerable simplification of the manufacture thereof.
  • the invention allows the secondary-flow channels to be machined rather than bored or drilled, their direction (e.g., as defined by the angle included between the channel axis and a plane perpendicular to the conduit axis) can be chosen in accordance with the desired length of the channel path.
  • the aforementioned angle may range between about 35 and 60.
  • the cross section of the secondary-flow channels can be either constant, so that each channel will have the form of a semicylinder, or varying, e.g., to form convergentdivergent passages as described in the earlier Metz patent.
  • the secondary oxygen jets leaving the channels can form a dense and protective secondary-oxygen envelope along the inner nozzle wall.
  • the cross section of the discharge port increases abruptly at the exit of the central or main conduit in such a fashion as to create around the main oxygen stream an annular void into whose upper part the secondary channels discharge, the width of this void decreasing in the downward direction.
  • the secondary-oxygen jets leaving the sloping channels in the direction of the nozzle outlet combine to form within the nozzle a protective oxygen sheath free from entrained solid particles.
  • the primary oxygen stream charged with the solid particles does not come into contact with the inner nozzle wall so that the latter will not be exposed to any wear by these solids. This means a considerable increase in the life of the nozzle as compared with conventional structures.
  • the inclination of the channels of the outer conduit causes the secondary-oxygen stream, on leaving the nozzle, to swirl around the main stream without interacting therewith to any substantial extent, thence, the two injection streams will keep their individual functions while the control of only one stream, i.e., the secondary oxygen stream, will be sufficient to vary the spread of the flow striking the bath surface.
  • the main oxygen stream serving primarily for the decarburization of the metal bath by agitating same, can be maintained effective during almost the entire treat ment or until the desired carbon content is reached.
  • the secondary stream can oxidize a large surface of the bath and/or of the slag, by virtue of its wide spread. It can thus be used, through suitable adjustment of its discharge rate, to accelerate the dephosphorization at any time and for any desired period.
  • a lance according to our invention offers, accordingly, the important technical advantage of yielding at the end of the refinement a lowphosphorus metal bath that may still retain high residual carbon content. This is necessary or at least highly desirable in the manufacture of high-carbon steels, especially if the starting material is a phosphorus-rich cast iron.
  • Another advantageous aspect of the invention resides in the possibility of maintaining the lance throughout the metallurgical operation at a substantially constant distance from the bath surface. Moreover, the lance can be positioned nearer to the bath surface than heretofore inasmuch as the desired spread of the oxygen flow can be realized at any instant by adjustment of the secondary stream without the necessity of increasing the nozzle distance from the melt. This is further facilitated by the fact that the absence of substantial interaction between the two streams allows the secondary stream to retain virtually its entire kinetic energy as well as its direction of flow so as to be able to spread freely and widely across the melt.
  • the efiicient spreading of the oxidizing stream further promotes, very advantageously, the formation of a fluid slag layer from the beginning of the blowing operation, such layer preventing the ejection of metallic particles and thereby reducing the loss of metal which generally occurs in the early stages in the absence of a fluid slag.
  • a further advantage of the invention resides in the fact that, since the lance can be lowered more deeply into the converter, the zone of the refractory furnace lining subject to attack by the oxidizing fluid is reduced.
  • a lance according to the invention offers other important technical advantages. Its axial conduits other than the outermost tube terminate at the bottom in slidably guided ends in such a Way that all the tubes of the lance can relatively expand in the longitudinal direction. This increases the useful life of the device by suppressing any thermal stresses that might otherwise result in a deformation of the tubes or a throttling of the water passage situated at the bottom of the cooling jacket in the region of the nozzle.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a lance embodying our invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken on the line II-II of FIG. 1.
  • the lance shown in the drawing comprises a central tube 1 with a cylindrical main portion 11, a downwardly converging frustoconical entrance portion 13 and a downwardly diverging exit portion 12, the latter being constituted by a separate collar threadedly or otherwise received in a recess 14 at the lower end of cylinder 11.
  • An outer shell 2 coaxially surrounds the tube 1 and defines therewith an annular passage 15 which terminates at its bottom in a peripheral array of generally helicoidal connecting channels 3, the axes A of these channels lying skew to the common axis B of tube 1 and shell 2.
  • Channels 3 are milled into the outer periphery of collar 12 and, as here shown, are of downwardly divergent cross section; they open at the lower face 12a of member 12 into a discharge port 4 which is bounded by the inner peripheral surface 5 of an annular nozzle 16 integral with an outer ring 6, the latter merging into an extension 17' of a cooling jacket 17 which surrounds the shell 2 to define channels 9, 10 for the circulation of a cooling fluid.
  • Elements 17, 17' and 6 are joined together by annular welding seams 8 and 8; prior to complete assembly, the absence of extension 17' gives access to a set of screws 18 by which a skirt 19 is fixed to shell 2 through the intermediary of nuts 20 welded onto the shell.
  • a peripheral array of spacers 21 similarly connects an annular partition 22, separating the conduits 9 and 10, to a cylindrical upward extension 2' of shell 2.
  • Packing rings 7, 7', 7" are provided along the contact surfaces of the interfitting parts which, as shown, are all centered on the same axis B for ease of assembly and disassembly.
  • a reference to FIG. 2 reveals that these axes (as particularly illustrated for axis A of channel 3') do not cross the axis B but pass it at a distance r which in FIG. 1 is seen to represent the real axis of a one-sheet hyperboloid H centered on axis B, the curvature of surface 5 substantially conforming to this hyperboloid; the aforementioned axis A is one of the asymptotes, intersecting at a point 0 below the level of the discharge end of tube '1 but within the port 4.
  • a stream of gaseous oxygen or other oxidizing fluid passes substantially unhindered through outlet 4, even in the presence of a secondary flow through annular passage 15, after leaving the central tube 1 by way of collar 12; this primary fluid stream may be charged with particulate solid matter which, especially during existence of an enveloping secondary flow, will be kept out of contact with the inner wall surface 5 of the nozzle.
  • a lance for training an oxidizing fluid upon a ferrous melt comprising a generally upright elongate tubular body forming a central passage for a primary fluid stream, a shell coaxially surrounding said tubular body and forming therewith an annular passage for a secondary fluid stream, said shell extending downwardly beyond said tubular body and forming a common discharge port for said streams, and a perforated annular member at the bottom of said annular passage forming a plurality of channels peripherally arrayed about the lower end of the common axis of said body and said shell and which include an angle between substantially 35 and 60 with a plane perpendicular to the common axis of said body and said shell, the axes of said channels substantially coinciding with generatrices of a one-sheet hyperboloid centered on said common axis and having its waist within said discharge port, the peripheral surface of said discharge port having a curvature approximating the configuration of said one-sheet hyperboloid.
  • annular member comprises a collar with peripheral indentations of substantially semicircular cross-section forming said channels, the latter being externally bounded by an inner wall surface of said nozzle.
  • a lance for the top-blowing of a ferrous melt comprising a generally upright elongated tubular body forming a central passage for a primary fluid stream; a shell coaxially surrounding said tubular body and forming therewith an annular passage for a secondary fluid stream; means defining a downwardly convergent frustoconical chamber forming a common discharge port for said extremes; and a perforated annular member at the bottom of said annular passage forming a plurality of channels peripherally arrayed about the lower end of the common axis of said body and said shell, said channels being each of semicircular cross section and including an angle of 35 to with a plane perpendicular to the common axis of said body and said shell, said channels being further inclined in a common sense to respective axial planes.
  • said discharge port is formed by an annular nozzle fitted into an end of said shell projecting downwardly beyond said tubular body, said channels being formed in a collar with peripheral indentations of substantially semicircular cross section and being externally bounded by an inner wall surface of said nozzle, said collar having a neck received in an inner recess of said tubular body.
US672107A 1966-10-04 1967-10-02 Device for injection by top-blowing into a metal bath Expired - Lifetime US3567202A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
LU52104A LU52104A1 (de) 1966-10-04 1966-10-04

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US3567202A true US3567202A (en) 1971-03-02

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US672107A Expired - Lifetime US3567202A (en) 1966-10-04 1967-10-02 Device for injection by top-blowing into a metal bath

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US (1) US3567202A (de)
AT (1) AT300868B (de)
DE (1) DE1583208B2 (de)
FR (1) FR93038E (de)
GB (1) GB1203613A (de)
LU (1) LU52104A1 (de)
NL (1) NL6713416A (de)

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3779534A (en) * 1969-07-08 1973-12-18 Creusot Loire Device for cooling a tuyere of a refining converter
US3901445A (en) * 1974-11-08 1975-08-26 Pullman Inc Gas burner - lance construction
US3957258A (en) * 1973-08-08 1976-05-18 Italsider S.P.A. Nozzles of the lance heads for blowing oxygen from above in the refining processes
US4190238A (en) * 1978-05-11 1980-02-26 Stahlwerke Peine-Salzgitter Ag Lance head for a fining lance
US4293123A (en) * 1978-12-22 1981-10-06 Klockner-Humboldt-Deutz Ag Blow lance
US4512800A (en) * 1983-08-12 1985-04-23 Pfizer Inc. Wire injection apparatus
US4671765A (en) * 1986-02-19 1987-06-09 Ppg Industries, Inc. Burner design for melting glass batch and the like
US4747772A (en) * 1986-02-19 1988-05-31 Ppg Industries, Inc. Burner design for melting glass batch and the like
US4858538A (en) * 1988-06-16 1989-08-22 Shell Oil Company Partial combustion burner
US4887962A (en) * 1988-02-17 1989-12-19 Shell Oil Company Partial combustion burner with spiral-flow cooled face
US5377960A (en) * 1993-03-01 1995-01-03 Berry Metal Company Oxygen/carbon blowing lance assembly
EP1298389A1 (de) * 2000-07-05 2003-04-02 Federal State Unitary Enterprise Chemical Automatic Design Bureau (CADB) Koaxiale düse
US20100107821A1 (en) * 2008-11-04 2010-05-06 Yunnan Metallurgical Group Co., Ltd. Swirling column nozzle, swirling column smelting equipment using the same, and swirling column smelting method
US20110265379A1 (en) * 2009-01-26 2011-11-03 Casale Chemicals S.A. Process and Burner for Production of Syngas from Hydrocarbons
US20120031098A1 (en) * 2010-08-03 2012-02-09 Leonid Ginessin Fuel nozzle with central body cooling system
US20120100496A1 (en) * 2007-08-06 2012-04-26 Anne Boer Burner
US9032623B2 (en) 2007-08-06 2015-05-19 Shell Oil Company Method of manufacturing a burner front face

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA1103449A (en) * 1977-05-09 1981-06-23 William W. Berry Oxygen lance assembly
FR2540519A2 (fr) * 1980-08-26 1984-08-10 Ugine Aciers Buse d'injection d'oxygene a jet supersonique stabilise pour la decarburation des fontes et, en particulier, des fontes au chrome
DE3231867A1 (de) * 1982-08-27 1984-03-01 Saar-Metallwerke GmbH, 6600 Saarbrücken Zweikreislanze zum frischen von metallschmelzen
JPS59145717A (ja) * 1983-02-04 1984-08-21 ユジンヌ・アシエ 鋳鉄，特にクロム鋳鉄を脱炭するための安定した超音速流を噴出する酸素噴射ノズル

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3779534A (en) * 1969-07-08 1973-12-18 Creusot Loire Device for cooling a tuyere of a refining converter
US3957258A (en) * 1973-08-08 1976-05-18 Italsider S.P.A. Nozzles of the lance heads for blowing oxygen from above in the refining processes
US3901445A (en) * 1974-11-08 1975-08-26 Pullman Inc Gas burner - lance construction
US4190238A (en) * 1978-05-11 1980-02-26 Stahlwerke Peine-Salzgitter Ag Lance head for a fining lance
US4293123A (en) * 1978-12-22 1981-10-06 Klockner-Humboldt-Deutz Ag Blow lance
US4512800A (en) * 1983-08-12 1985-04-23 Pfizer Inc. Wire injection apparatus
US4671765A (en) * 1986-02-19 1987-06-09 Ppg Industries, Inc. Burner design for melting glass batch and the like
US4747772A (en) * 1986-02-19 1988-05-31 Ppg Industries, Inc. Burner design for melting glass batch and the like
US4887962A (en) * 1988-02-17 1989-12-19 Shell Oil Company Partial combustion burner with spiral-flow cooled face
US4858538A (en) * 1988-06-16 1989-08-22 Shell Oil Company Partial combustion burner
US5377960A (en) * 1993-03-01 1995-01-03 Berry Metal Company Oxygen/carbon blowing lance assembly
EP1298389A1 (de) * 2000-07-05 2003-04-02 Federal State Unitary Enterprise Chemical Automatic Design Bureau (CADB) Koaxiale düse
EP1298389A4 (de) * 2000-07-05 2005-05-04 Fed State Unitary Entpr Chemic Koaxiale düse
US20120100496A1 (en) * 2007-08-06 2012-04-26 Anne Boer Burner
US9032623B2 (en) 2007-08-06 2015-05-19 Shell Oil Company Method of manufacturing a burner front face
US20100107821A1 (en) * 2008-11-04 2010-05-06 Yunnan Metallurgical Group Co., Ltd. Swirling column nozzle, swirling column smelting equipment using the same, and swirling column smelting method
US8147747B2 (en) * 2008-11-04 2012-04-03 Yunnan Metallurgical Group Co., Ltd. Swirling column nozzle, swirling column smelting equipment using the same, and swirling column smelting method
US20110265379A1 (en) * 2009-01-26 2011-11-03 Casale Chemicals S.A. Process and Burner for Production of Syngas from Hydrocarbons
US20120031098A1 (en) * 2010-08-03 2012-02-09 Leonid Ginessin Fuel nozzle with central body cooling system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR93038E (fr) 1969-01-31
AT300868B (de) 1972-08-10
GB1203613A (en) 1970-08-26
DE1583208A1 (de) 1972-03-09
LU52104A1 (de) 1968-05-07
NL6713416A (de) 1968-04-05
DE1583208B2 (de) 1973-08-23

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