US355814A - Steam-engine - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.)

s sheetssheet 1.' W ESTY.

STEAM ENGINE.

(No Model.) 5 3 sheets-sheet 2. W. ESTY.

STEAM ENGINE.

No. 355,814. Patented Jan. 11,1887.

(No Model.) 3 sheets-sheet 3. W. ESTY.

STEAM ENGINE. l Y No. 355,814. Patented Jan. 11, 1887.

frs(

,. ai G V//////////////` l V UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICIEL I WILLIAM EsTY; or LAooNIA, NEW HAMPSHIRE, AssIGNoE oF Two-Turnus 'ro-LEWIS E. BUsIEL, 0E SAME ,PLAGE AND GEORGE W. sHEEWELL, oF 'LAKE VILLAGE, NEW HAMPSHIRE.' 1

STEAM-ENGINE.

'sPEcrPrcATroN forming part of Letters-Parent No. 355,814, eared January-11,1837.

Applicatonfled August 7, 1886. Serial No, 210,297. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom it may concern,.-

Be it known that I, WILLIAM EsTY, of .Laconia, inthe county of Belknap and State of New Hampshire, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Steam-Engines, of which the following, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification.

My invention relates to single-acting steam- Io engines, and particularly to that class of su'ch l,engines in which a series of steaIn-cylinders 'arranged in a circle about the axis of the crankshaft, and with their axes parallel to each other and to said shaft, are used; audit consists in certain novel .features o'f construction, arrangement, and combination of parts, which will be best understood by reference to the description of the drawings, and tothe claims to be hereinafter given.

Figure 1 ofthe drawings is a central vertical longitudinal gine with the crank-shaft and a screw-propeller mounted thereon in elevation. Fig. 2 is a transverse section on line 1 1 on Fig. 1, with the pistons removed, and looking toward the steam-ports. Fig. 3 is a transversesection on line 2 2 on Fig. 1, looking toward the righthand end of Fig. 1, with the pistons removed. Fig. 4 is a section through the cylinder-cast- 3o ing and the valve-seat on line 3 8 on Figs. l2

and 3. Fig. 5 is a section-through the valve, the eccentric, and the valvereversingoblique cylinder on line 4 4 on Fig. 1, and showing the combined valve-seat and eylinder.-head in elevation. Fig. 6 is a section through the crank-shaft and thefvalve-reversing oblique cylinder on line 5 5 0n Fig. 1, looking toward the left-hand end of Fig. 1`, and showing the valve and eccentric i-n elevation. Fig. 7 is a 4o transverse section on line 6 6 on Fig. 1, looking toward the left-hand of Fig. l, and showing the interior parts beyond in elevation. Fig. 8 is a transverse section on line 7 7 on F'g.' 1, looking toward right of said figure, and showing the counter-balance, the oil-pipe, and the -gage for viewing the height ofthe oil in elevation.- yFig. 9 is anelevation of the inner end of the combined crank-sleeve and duplex lever to be acted upon by the pistons through I the several connecting-rods section of my improved en (shown in section) to cause a rotation of the s aft, and ,showing a 'portion of the casingv and the guideway for preventing the rotation of said sleeve in sec'- v A tion. Fig; 10 isa longitudinal section through the eccentric, the oblique cylinder for reversing the valve 'or adjusting the throw of the eccentric, and the sleeve for carrying the reversing slide and block, the .cutting-plane being. at right angles to Fig. 1,. and showing a portion of the crank-shaft in elevation.; and Fig; 11 is a transverse section on line 8 8 on Fig. 10, looking toward the right of said figure.

In the drawings, A is the cylinder-casting, having formed therein a series of cylinders, a a Iat2 a3, &c., preferably six in number, though a greater or lcss number may be used, if desired, arranged in a circle with their axes parallel, to cach other, and also having formed therein the annular exhaust-chamber b, the exhaust-passages b leading from the exhaustports b2 in the valve-seat B to said exhaustchamber b, the lateral exhaust-portsvbi, and the annular air-'chamber c, all as shown in Figs. 1, 23, and 4.

The'cylinder-casting A is in the form of an outer rim or ring, having a central hub,'A', connected to' said rim by spokes c', said hub A being bored out to form a' bearing for the ward end. made conical or in the form of a. frustumof a cone, against which the inner end of the crank-sleeve C abuts, as shown in Fig. l.

By is the cylinder-head vandlvalve-seat, in the form of an annular plate,havin`g formed therein "crank-shaft C, and having its outer or forthe exhaust-portsb2and steam-ports b* b4, and

provided with the cylinder D,l which projects from its inner edge and has formed upon its outer periphery at its end a nIale screwthread, which screws into a corresponding female thread in the inner periphery of the rim of the casting A in such a manner as to form Yan annular air-space betweeny said rim and cylinder, as shown at d in' Figs, 1, 2, and, 4.

yE is the steam-chest, in the fornil of a ring,

having an L-shaped crosssection, to the inner y 1 periphery yofwhich is screwed the ring E', also having an L-shaped cross-section, in such a 3o l'ing splinegrooves in the cylinder G and sleeve manner to form a steam-tight joint between said rings at d and form anannularair-chamber; as 'atfd2 in Fig.- 1.

F is a ring-valve, provided upon one side with the annular exhaust-passage e and upon its other side with the packing-ring e', which works againsththe face of the ring E', between which and the combined valve-seat and cylin-l derh`ead B thevalve F is'moved.

The valve F is provided with a central hub or sleeve, F2, .connected to the valve-ring by spokes e2 e2, which sleeve incloses the eccenf tric F', as show'n in Figs. 1, 5, and-6.

The eccentricl F' is bored out obliquely to t the cylinder.G, which 'ismounted upon the crank-shaft C, in such a manner thatzit may be -moved endwise thereon,while at'. the same time it must be revolved therewith The cyl'nder G isbored-outfobliquely to re.-

ceive the shaft C, so that its two ends are 'eccentric to the axis ,of `said shaft in; diametri'c- "ally-opposite directions, whilezat. the, center of its length it is concentric to saidl axis,

all as shown in Figs. -10 and 11. A sleeve G., pro vided with the flange f and the; split and threaded collar f', is also` mounted loosely upon said shaft C and secured to the cylinder G by the screwsfifasshown inFigsJU andlL flhe shaft C has set therein one or more spline-keys, g, which project intoeorrespondf G', to guide said parts in their endwise movements 'and compel them to revolve 'with said shaft. The eccentric F is in'like manner vsplined to the cylinder G,'so as to be compelled to revolver therewith, and at the same time Y. permit the oblique cylinderv G to be moved endwis'elthrough said eccentric for the purpose 44o of stopping or reversing .the engine. l'Upon the sleeve G is fitted the-block H,

having` formed in its upper side the T-shaped groove. h, 'in which is fitted, so as to slide therein, the correspondingly-shaped block h', which also has a bearing upon the crank-pn h, set in the under side ofthe disk B', iirmly secured to the lower end ofthe shaft Hhaviug its bearinginthestandard or column Ls'crewed into. the casing...l, .saidq shaft having secured toy its upper endthe hand-lever 12, by which said shaft and diskmay be moved about the axis of said shaft-for the purpose of moving the cylinder G and sleeve G endwise upon'the shaft ,'0, said lever` being locked in any desired 'position by the spring-actuated lever i, engaging with notches i i in the segment y@",secured tig the upper end of the column l,`as shown in 41g.1. f

The casing-l isp'rovidedfwith the handhole 1*, closed by the cover I, and also with the inwardly-projecting hubl, in which is formed-another bearing for the shaft C. The casing I is also provided with the exterior hub,l, to which is screwed the chambered capl, in which is formed the st'uing-'box 19,

as shown in Fig. 1. Within the chamber-edv cap I the shaft C has mounted thereon one or more annular steel plates or washers, i2, and

the split threaded collar or nut r#,which, after being adj usted, may be clamped to the threaded' shaft by theclamping screw'or'lbolt i5' in a well-known manner, said collar and washers serving to take the thrust of the screw-propeller J, mounted upon and rmly secured to the end of saidshaft C.

The arrangement shownl inFig.` 1 ofthe drawings illustrates the application of my improved engine 'to driving the screw-propeller of a yacht or other boat, the stern-post of the boat (not shown) occupying the space between the propeller J and the stuffing-box 19;. but if the engine is desired to be used for driving.

other machinery itis only necessarytoremove thefpropeller and substitute therefor a suitable pulley.

The casing I and the steam chest; E. are secured to the cylinder-casting by aseries of bolts, j, which Vpass through the cylinder-head andscrewinto the cylinder-casting A, asshown l in Fig. 1.

K is a casi-ng, which incloses the periphery of the steam-chest and the Iiange of the casing I', and is secured to the latter' by the screws j', the same being so formed and fitted thereto as to form an'annular air-space, 7.1, fbev tween it and said ange and the, steam-chest,

shown'in Figs. 1 and 7.

The cylinder-casting A has bolted to its end opposite to the steam-chest E the casing L, cast in the ,form of a hollow cylinder, with an inwardly-projecting flange at each end, by means ,of one of which andthe bolts l said casing is secured to said cylinder-casting, and to the other of which the head L is`secured by the bolts Z', said casing being provided at.

`its upper side with the hand-hole L2, which is closed by the cover L, as shown in Figs. 1

and 8.

A portion,vC2,. of the shaft C at the end opposite to that to which the propellerissecured, is bent to an'angleto the main body of saidshaft, and has mounted thereon the sleeve C', the inner -end of which abuts against the conilia cal end of the hub A"V of the cylinder-casting andthe opposite end. against one of the steel washers m, loosely fitted-upon the-shaft,

- and held in .place by the'split threaded collar or nut m', which, after being properly adjustedupon the threaded portion of said shaft,

is firmly clam-ped thereto by the clamping-bolt n in a well-known manuel", said washers andv upon or set in its end a pin or lug, o, which is fitted to and worksA in a longitudinal groove,

o', formed in the lower part of the casing L, for the purpose of preventing the sleeve C and arms Ofrom. revolving about the axis of the angular portionof the shaft C, which forms the crank and has formed upon its extreme end 'the crank-pin p, the axis of which is parallel with the axis of revolution of said shaft C, and is tittedto a bearing in'the light arm of the counterbalance-lever P, which has its bearing upon and revolves about the stud P', set in the center of the head L in axial line with the main body of the shaft G, all as shown in Figs. l and S.

The exhaust-steam escapes from the chamber b through the pipe b5, from which it may be conveyed in a suitable pipe to the smokestack of the boiler, or to any other desired point.

Q is the steam-pipe, through which steam is admitted to the steam-chest E.

.The chalnbers formed by the casings l' and L are to be partially filled with oil,'so -that the armed sleeve G' O, the crank-shaft C, and the counterbalance-lever P, as the engine is oper ated, will causeva splashing of the-oil that will eiectually lubricate all of the moving partsof the engine.

. R R' is a pipe leading from the chamber.

formed by the casing L at the. bottom and communicating therewith-again at or near the top of said chamber. the vertical portion R' of the oil in said chambers 'within the casings I which is made of glass, so that the height of may readily be seen.

The operationof my invention is as follows: The positions of the crankshaft C and the pistons N being as shown in Fig. V1, and of the valve as' shown in Fig. 5, and the chambers and L beingI properly charged with oil, if steam beadmitted to the steanf-chest E it passes directly into the cylinders a and c', the port b* of the latter' being wide open .and that of the former havingjust commenced to open, and as the ports b* ofthe cylinders as, a, and afihave been more or less uncovered by the inner edge of the outer rim of the annular valve Fys'othat the steam which has j ust done its Work in said cylinders is exhausting through said ports into the annular chamber or passage e, and thence through the ports b2 into the chamber b, and thence through the pipe Z tothe smoke-stack of the boileror to the open air, the direct pressure ofthe steam upon the pistons of the cylinders aand a and the expansion of the steam in the cylinder a", the supply of steam to which has just been cut oft', acting through the connecting-rods N upon those arms O of the sleeve C' which are nearest to their respective cylinders, will cause the crank-shaft to be revolved in the direction indicated by the larrows on Figs. 2, 5, and 8, the oblique or crank portion of said shaft revolving in the sleeve M, which itself does not revolve, but has imparted to it a sort'of universal rocking motion, its inner end near the shaft C rolling about the conical end of the hub A' of the cylinde1-casting A, and constantly changing its point of contact therewith. It' itis de- Cfhaving the effect of which is to move the sleeve G that the opposite end of said cylinder now does to the other side of said eccentric.

The annular air-chamber d2 is connected by the .oblique hole dsto the annularair-chamber k, which communicates with the open-air through the vent-hole k. The annular airchamber d communicates by an oblique hole, d4, (shown in dotted lines in Fig. 4,) with the annular air-chamber c, which latter is 1n com munication wi th the open air through the venthole d5. These air-chambers serve to keep the engine much cooler than it otherwise would be', by virtue of the circulation of air through the same. i I am aware of the Letters Patent N o. 198,535,

granted to James Davies. December 25, 1877,. .and I do not claim anything therein shown or described. l

That I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is v l. 'In combination with a'series of stationary cylinders arranged in a circle with their axes parallel to eachother and a piston arranged to Work in each of said cylinders, a shaft mounted in bearings with its axis parallel to yand equidistant from each of said cylinders and having a portion thereof at one end bent at an obtuse angle toits main body, a sleeve mountedv upon saidl angular portion of the shaft and carrying a series of sockets corresponding in number to said cylinders, and a corresponding series of rods connecting said sockets With the pistons in said cylinders, a plurality of collars on the angular portion of said shaft arranged to take lthe thrustof said IOO sleeve, all constructed, arranged, and adapted to operate substantially as described.

'2. The casting A, having formed therein a plurality of cylinders arranged in a circle and parallel to each `other,and provided with-a central hub having'a conical outer end, the shaft a portionthereof bent at an obtuse.l

angle to its lmain body, the thrust-collars mm', secured to said oblique portion, the sleeve C', mounted upon the oblique'crank, between said thrust-collars and the conical end of the hub A', and provided with the socketed arms O, the pistons N, and a series of rods connecting said pistons and socketed arms, substantially as described. l,

3. The combination'of they ders a a' a2 a3, &c.,'the shaft C, provided `with the oblique cylindrical crank C, having formed upon its end the crank-pin p, the thrust-y collars m m', the sl'eeve C', providedwith a; series of socketed arms O, the pistons N, the series of -rods N', the lixed stud P', and the counterbalance-.lever P, all constructed, ar-

IIS

ranged, andoperating substantially as .de-v scribed.A Y i 4. In combination with-a series of cyllnders arranged in acircle with their axes parallel 4through said .'onewlth each of' said cylinders,

or nearly so, -vcombined in one piece,

off exhaustpassagescut th rough said valve- U' `seat/.and extending. to

chamber Within .thecircle of the inner wall of said' an nnlar exhaustsaid annular' airchamber,.-\ substantially Aas shown and described.

l stantially as described A.cyliniiers arranged in acircle,

j 5.',The combination of a series of cylinders, ,a a a2, Suc., each provided `with the lateralex'- Ah austiport 4bj, vand? passages b', the valveseat B, provided t'he annular exhaust-chamber b,

with the' *series of steam-ports b* and the series ofexhaufs'tlports 112,: and the annularvvalve F, allconst'ructed, arranged, and operating subl6,. Inf-'combination' with a series of steamthe annular airchambers c and d, arranged relative to said4 cylinders andto each other, substantiallyV as 7. AThe annular, air-chambers c and d, ar--l j ranged one exteriorly of said Iseries of cylinders and one'within the circle of said cylinders Aand connected4 by the hole dj* and. comlmunicating with the atmosphere by the venthole d5, substantially as described. I

8,. In combination with a serres of cylinders 4arranged in a circle with their axes parallel, or. nearly so, to eachother, the shaft C, ar,-

. ranged Withits axis equidistant from the axes of said cylinders,.anannular valve-seat sur.`

theretotth'e cylinder G, mounted obliquely and movable longitudinally uponsaid shaft a C, the eccentric v1i" provided with an oblique 'cylinder so as f the sleeve C', providedw'ith,

y ,"July, A. D. 1886. rounding said shaft` and forming a head to l -each of said cylinders With ports leading bore io-nt the the same time the cylinder G may, be moved endwise through the same, and the annular .tric andmovable thereby in a plane at right vangles to the axis ot'- saidcylinders, substantially as described. f

9. The combination pf the shaft C, `theobcylinder Gf, and splined to said to revolvetherewith, vwhile at valve F, ittedto the .periphery of` said eccen-- lique cylinderq-G, t-he sleeve1G, the grooved block IL'the sliding block h'., the crank-pin h2,

thedisk or crankjH, the shaft Hl, and mechanism for moving said shaft aboutitsaxis,

substantially as described. f s; i

, 10. The steam-chest E, in omiiihau 'wan the L-shaped ring ;E', screwed-,thereto and forming between said chest and ring, theaunular air chamber d2, substantially as `described.-

11. In combination with a seriesof cyli nders..

arranged in azcirclewiththeir axes: parallel, lor nearly so, to eachother, the shaft .(5, arranged equidistant fromy the -axesof said cyl- Vinders and provided `with theangular section pistonrod l for. each cylinder,

socketed arms IO C?, apiston ,and

O, andthe pin or lug o,`and the casing L,.pro vided Withthelongitudi nal guiding-groove o', all constructed, arranged, and loperating substantially as described. ,A

12.` In combinat onwlth the annular steamychest-E, the annular air` chambers d?, surround-- ing the exterior of .said steam-chest, and the v annular air-chamber k, contiguous to and par- -allel with the innerv wall of said steam-ches@ and connectedtogetherby the oblique hole d3 and communicatingwith the atmosphere by the vent-hole 7c', substantially as described. i

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to thisl specification, in the presence o two subscribing witnesses, on this 20th day of y I WILLIAM nsTY. litnesses:y l

STEPHEN S.Y 'JEWF/rr,

` SIMMES BLAoKsToNE.

Images