US354936A

US354936A - Packing for piston-rods

Info

Publication number: US354936A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1886-12-28
Anticipated expiration: 1903-12-28

Description

(No Mael.)

Y BAGKING FOR PISTON RODS. No. 354,936. Patented Deo. 28, 1886.

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l'minnn A UNITED STATES CHRISTIAN ROHN, OF NEWARK, NEW JERSEY.

PACKING FOR PlsToN-Rons.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No.1354,936, dated December 28, 1886.

To @ZZ 10h07 it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHRIsTIAN RoHN, a citizen of Norway, residing at Newark, in the county of Essex and State of New Jersey, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Packings for Piston-Rods for Steam, Gas, Vater, and other Engines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in packings for piston-rods for steam, gas, water, and other engines; and it consists of the peculiar combination and novel construction and arrangement of the various parts for service, substantially as hereinafter fully set forth, and particularly pointed out in the claims.

The primary object of my present invention is to provide an improved packing for piston-rods, which will be perfectly air and gas tight at all times, and which will be hermetically sealed under all pressure of the gas or other tluid thereon, the piston-rod being capable of its proper reciprocating movements with the least possible friction and wear upon the parts, and at the same time be capable of a limited movement or play laterally to ae conimodate itself to the incorrect construction of the engine, as it has been found to be very diilieult and expensive to practically construct an engine that will not require its piston-rod to be out of line with the axis of the cylinder during a portion of the time.

A further object of my invention is to provide improved means for automatically taking up the wear upon the packings around the piston-rod as the same are worn away, and to improve the parts in minor details so that they shall possess superior advantages in points of simplicity and durabilityof construction and accuracy and eiciency of operation.

In the drawings hereto annexed, Figure l is a vertical sectional view through a piston-rod packing embodying my improvement. Figs.

2 to 5, inclusive, are detail sectional views of ters of reference denote corresponding parts in all the iigures, A designates the reciprocating piston-rod ot' a gas, steam, or other engine of any class using a piston-rod; and B, the stuflingbox that is affixed to the engine and through which the piston-rod reciprocates.

Application tiled September 1, 1886. Serial No. 212,388. (No model.)

C designates the main gland which is fitted in the outer extremity of the stufling-box B, and this outer gland is surrounded by a'packing, C', of any approved class, which is fitted around the inner end of the main gland and in a recess or enlargement of the stuffing-box B, at the outer extremity of the latter.

E designates a gland surrounding the main` gland C, and bearing at its inner edges against the outer edge of the packing G, and through the main and auxiliary glands G and E, just described, are passed threaded rods F, which are screwed or otherwiseV suitably secured in the outer extremity of the stuffing-box B, as clearly shown in Fig. l. These threaded rods carry binding-nuts ,f near their inner ends, which bear against the auxiliary gland E and serve to keep the latter and the packing C in their proper positions and against retrograde-7cm movement, and against the main gland C bear coiled pressure-springs F, that encircle the said threaded rods F and are housed within hollow washers or sleeves g, against which bear the nuts g', which are held against movement on the threaded rods by means of jam-nuts g2, as shown. The main gland C of the packing is provided with an enlarged chamber at its inner end, and the inner wall, c', of this chamber is ground water and air tight to prevent the escape of the pressure-fluid, as will be more fully hereinafter explained, this main gland' being shown in detail in Fig. 3 of the drawings.

H des-ignatesa sleeve, which is fitted around the piston -rod A, and is located centrally within the chamber of the stuflingbox B, as shown. The inside diameter of this sleeve is a little larger than the diameter of the pistonrod,so as to leave or provide a space or chamber, h, between the inner surface of the sleeve and the periphery of the piston-rod, in which a thin sheet or lm of iiuid is at all times maintained, and at or near its center the sleeve is provided with a number of holes or ports, h', through which the fluid under pressure is admitted to the chamber or space h.

I designates the boxes'for the packing for the piston-rod,whieh are arranged .at opposite ends of the sleeve H, andl which surround the piston-rod. These boxes are provided with an enlarged chamber, ,that leaves IOC "a depending circumferential flange, t", at one `end-the outer end thereof, as shown. The diameter of the chamber t of the packingboxes is equal to t-he exterior diameter of the sleeve H, and the said chambered ends of the packing-boxes fit over and surround the extremities of the sleeve II. Metallic or any suitable packings, I', are interposed between the piston-rod and the walls ofthe chamber of' the packing-boxes I and fill the chamber i thereof', and these packings I are inclosed within the inner edges of the flanges t" and outer edges of the sleeve H, to form a complete packing on the piston-rod to prevent escapek of fluid around it.

J designates abushin g, which lis fitted around the piston-rod and interposed between the inner wall of the stuffing-hoXBand the packingbox I, in proximity thereto, and the surfaces of the said bushing J and of the packing-box I in contact therewith are ground water and air tight, so as to effectually prevent the escape ofthe pressure-fluid.

It will thus be seen that'the packings l and the stuing-boxes very closely surround the piston-rod and are capable of' a slight movement or play therewith, and a space or chamber is provided in the sleeveH around the piston-rod, in which a thin film of' fluid under pressure is maintained at all times. The bushing J and the stuffing-box I in contact therewith efectually prevent the escape of the fluid under pressure from that end of the apparatus, and the other packing-box I fits within or is housed in the enlarged chamber c of the main gland C, the end of' the packing-box I that comes in contact with the wall c of the chamber cwithin the main gland being also ground water and air tight to prevent the escape of the fluid under pressure from that end of the apparatus.

The packings I serve to eti'ect-uall y close the ends of the chamber hz between the sleeve H and the piston-rod, as it has been found impracticable to make flanges t' of the packingboxes ft in the piston-rod so tightly as to prevent the escape of the fluid under pressure, and the openings in the flanges of the packingboxes aremade of slightly greater diameter than the rod, so as to reduce the friction between the said parts. The function of these d fiange's in the stuffing-boxes is to insure a larger and better bearing on the packing and to prevent the escape of the packingyif it is of a vegetable nature into the chamber of the sleeve.

The packing-boxes I and the intermediate sleeve, H, are arranged within the main fluid chamber or compartment of the stuffing-box B of the apparatus and out of contact with the Surrounding walls thereof, so as to leave a space or chamber, K, which is lled at all timeswith a fluid, as shown, that is supplied thereto through a port or opening, lc, in the main stul-` ing-box B from atreceptacle or reservoir, L, which may be located some distance from the apparatus and be connected therewith by an intermediate pipe; but I prefer to mount the said reservoir upon the stuffing-box A, as shown in Fig. 1 of the accompanying drawings. This reservoir L is a vessel of cylindrical or other form, which has a base, Z, through which is formed an outlet channel or passage,m, through which the liquid under pressure enters the chamber K of the stuffing-box. The base of the reservoir has a valve or cock, m', by means of which the supply of liquid or fluid to the stuffing-box can'be controlled, and in the reservoir Works a piston, M, which bears or presses upon the fluid therein, and is `normally impelled downwardly by means of apressurespring, M, preferably of' the coiled class, which 'encircles the piston-rod and bears upon the head thereof and against the closed end of thel reservoir. The reservoir is provided with a removable cap, m2, by means of which the fluid can be supplied to thereservoir when it has become exhausted, and through a suitable opening in the cap of the reservoir works the rod or stem of the piston, as shown. The reservoir L is generally supplied through asmall pipe (not shown in drawings) situated near the bottom of the reservoir L In this pipe is a small valve, and from which extends another small pipe with a bend downward to allow it to be put into the oil or fluid of an oil can or vessel. When the valve is opened, the piston M is raised by means of the small hand-wheel on the piston-rod of` the fiuid reservoir, and the oil or fluid is by suction drawn into the reservoir L.

lN designates an escape or outlet valve,which communicates with the fluid chamber K through a port, n, in the stuffing-box, and this valve is located on the opposite side of the chamber K to the reservoir, so that a circulation of fluid can be maintained in the chamber K and around the piston-rod and its packing-boxes and sleeve 'for the purpose of cooling the piston-rod and the boxes I and the intermediate sleeve, as is sometimes necessaryfor instance, when the device is applied to air and gas engines. This escape or outlet valve is provided with a regulating valve or cock, N', of any approved pattern, by means of which the escape of the iiuid from the chamber K can be cut ott or regulated, as may be desired.

The chamber and hole in the main gland C and the hole in the bushing Jare made a little greater in diameter than the diameter of the piston-rod, so that the piston-rod is capable of a limited lateral movement or play in the said gland and stuffing-box. I have found by practical experiment that if the hole in the main gland and the bushing J, through which the piston-rod reciprocates, be made about one-sixteenth of an inch larger, the piston-rod will have sufficient lateral or sidewise play in order to compensate for the pistou-rod running out of a straight line.

This being the construction of my improved piston-rod packing, the operation is as follows: The fluid under pressure is admitted from the reservoir through the inlet port or channel to the fluid-chamber K, and thence to the space IOL IIO

or chamber h, intermediate of the piston-rod and the sleeve H. The pistonrod reciprocates freely back and i'orth through the chambers in the main gland and the bushing J, and also through the sleeve H and the packing Iof the boxes I therefor, and the said sleeve H and the boxes, together with their packings, are capable of 'free motion or lateral play in the fluid-chamber K with the piston-rod, when the latter runs out of a straight line and plays in the chamber of the main gland and the bushing J, which play is caused by the piston- .rod not running in a straight line, and also the steady wearing down in horizontal engines, as it has been found difficult and expensive and almost impracticable to so construct and arraugethe parts of an engine that the piston-rodwill workin a perfectly-straight line in the axis of the cylinder. When it is desired to establish a circulation of Huid around lthe piston-rod and the sleeve and packingboxes, in order to cool the said parts, the cock N in the valve N is opened and the fluid passes through the chamber K and reservoir and into and through the valve N, and thence l to an escape-pipe, as will be readily understood, from a larger reservoir.' The packings I of the boxes I effcctually prevent the escape of the fluid from the recess or chamber h, surrounding thc piston-rod, and the packing boxes, in connection with the -main gland C and the bushing J, likewise prevent the escape of the fiuid at the extremities of the stuingbox B. The spring normally presses upon the main and auxiliary glands to force the lat ter inwardlylof the stufting-box B in order tok take up the wear on the several packings automatically, or as it takes place, and thus prevent the parts from becoming loose, as is obvious.

I do not desire to confine myself to the exact details ot' construction herein shown and cle-- scribed, as an embodiment of my invention, as I am aware that numerous changes therein can be made Without departing from the spirit or 'sacrificing the advantages of my invention.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

l. rlhe combination, with the fluid-chamber of a stuffing-box and areciprocating pistonlrod working therein, of the packing-boxes fitted on the piston-rod and of less diameter than the diameter of the said chamber, the sleeve fitted on the piston-rod between the packing-boxes and having a chamber surrounding the pistonrod, which chamber is in communication with the fluid-chamber at all times to constantly maintain a thin tilm of fluid around the pistonrod, and the packings fitted in the packingboxes to eifectually close the ends of the charnber of the sleeve, substantially as described, for the purpose set forth.

2. The combination, with the stuflingbox of an engine having a iiuid'chamber to be filled with a pressure-fluid, of a piston-rod having a packing in contact with the rod, but independent of and out of contact with the sides of the duid-chamber, the packing-boxes for receiving the said packing, and the sleeve between the packing-boxes having a chamber surrounding the piston-rod and in communication with the fluid-chamber of the stuffingbox,thesaid packing-boxes having the ground faces i c in cont-act with and sliding freely on the faces of the bush in the stufingbox and the inner face of the maingland, whereby the packing, the boxes therefor, and the intermediate sleeve will move freelyin the fluid-chamber with any lateral or side play of the pistonrod and still be perfectly tight to prevent the escape of thefluid under pressure in the said chamber, substantially as described.

3. The combination of the sleeve surrounding the pistoni-Orland arranged outof contact therewith, except at the ends of the sleeve to form an intermediate space or chamber, h, in which a thin film of duid is maintained, the packing-boxes disposed on opposite sides of the sleeve, and the packings housed within the packing-boxes and arranged on opposite sides of the sleeve to close the ends of the chamber h, substantially as described.

4. The combination of a fluid-chamber, the sleeve surrounding the piston-rod and arranged out of contact therewith, except at the ends of the sleeve, to forni an intermediate chamber, h, and having the ports in communication with the Huid-chamber, the packing-boxes inclosed within the fluid-chamber and arranged on opposite sides of the sleeve, and the packings housed within the packing-boxes on opposite sides ofthe sleeve to close the ends of the chamber h, substantially as described, for the purpose set forth.Y

5. The combination of the fluid-chamber, a sleeve surrounding the piston-rod to leave `an intermediate chamber, h, and having the ports opening in the chamber h and the huid-chamber, the reservoir in communication with the vhuid-chamber, the packing-boxes on opposite sides of the sleeve, and the packing-rings housed within Athe packing-boxes, substantially as described.

6. The combination of a sleeve, the packingboxes having the packings housed within the same, a duid-chamber, a reservoir in communication with the fluid-chamber, and a piston working in the reservoir, substantially as described. l

roo

7. The combination, with a fluid-chamber, the sleeve, and the packing-boxes housed duid-chamber for controlling the admission of fluid to the latter, substantially as described.

9. The combination of a iluidchamber through which the piston-rod reciprocates, the sleeve inclosed within and in communication with the chamber and surrounding the 4piston-rod, out of contact therewith, except at the ends of the sleeve, to-provide an intermediate chamber. the packing-.boxes connected to the extremities of the sleeve, the packings housed within the paeking-boxes-a reservoir in communication with the fluid-chamber, a piston working in the reservoir, a valve intermediate of the reservoir and the chamber, and an escape-valve having a cock and in communication with the chamber, substantially as described. v

10. The combination of a stuiing-box having the tluidchamber, the main gland fitting in the outer end of the stuffing-box, a bushing, J, a sleeve inclosed within the fluid-chamber and surrounding the piston-rod out of contact therewith, except at the ends of the sleeve, to form the intermediate chamber, h, the packing-boxes connected to the extremities of the sleeves, and the packings housed Within the boxes, substantially as described.

1l. The combination of a stuffing-box having Athe fluid-chamber, the main gland tted in the outer end of the stuffing-box, the bushing J, the chambers of the vsaid gland and bushing being of a slightly larger diameter than the piston-rod, the sleeve inclosed within the fluid-chamber and arranged around the piston-rod and out of contact therewith, except at the ends of the sleeve, to formthe intermediate chamber, the packing-boxes connected to the ends of the sleeve, and the packings housed within the boxes, substantially as described, for the purpose set forth.

12. The combinationof the stung-box B, having the duid-chamber, the main gland fitting inthe outer end of the stuing-box, the packing 4intermediate of the main gland and the stuing-box, the auxiliary gland surrounding the main gland and bearing upon the packing, the threaded rods passing through the main and auxiliary glands, the nuts fitted on the rods and bearing upon the auxiliary gland, the springs bearing on the main gland, the Washers within which the springs are housed, the nuts bearing on the washers, the sleeve H, the packing-boxes, one of which is fitted within the main gland, and the packings housed in the boxes, substantially as described.

13. The combination, with an engine, the piston-'rod and stuing-box, through which the pistou-rod reciprocates, a Huid-chamber, and two packings surrounding the piston-rod and inelosed within the chamber, of two packing-boxes and an intermediate sleeve between the two packings, the packing-boxes fitting over the ends of the sleeve to form acomplete packing on the piston-rod, that by the enlarged chambers surrounding the packingboxes and the plain air and water tightground faces on the outside extremities of the packing-boxes and the ground faces on which the boxes'move the packing can move freely with the piston-rod in any direction without escape of fluid from the stuffing-box, substantially as described. w

ln testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I have hereto atixed my signature in Apresence of two witnesses.

CHRISTIAN ROHN.

Witnesses:

JOSEPH B. BRAMAN, HUGH S. VAN DUYN.