US3532277A - Gyratory crusher - Google Patents

Gyratory crusher Download PDF

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Publication number
US3532277A
US3532277A US730522A US3532277DA US3532277A US 3532277 A US3532277 A US 3532277A US 730522 A US730522 A US 730522A US 3532277D A US3532277D A US 3532277DA US 3532277 A US3532277 A US 3532277A
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United States
Prior art keywords
spring
piston
hydraulic
cylinder
crushing
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US730522A
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English (en)
Inventor
Hanns Decker
Heinz Hurtmanns
Willy Jakobs
Helmut Stockmann
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Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz AG
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Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz AG
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Publication of US3532277A publication Critical patent/US3532277A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C2/00—Crushing or disintegrating by gyratory or cone crushers
    • B02C2/02—Crushing or disintegrating by gyratory or cone crushers eccentrically moved
    • B02C2/04—Crushing or disintegrating by gyratory or cone crushers eccentrically moved with vertical axis
    • B02C2/047—Crushing or disintegrating by gyratory or cone crushers eccentrically moved with vertical axis and with head adjusting or controlling mechanisms

Definitions

  • the rotary crusher head is movably mounted on the upper end of a vertical shaft which extends through a stationary tubular main shaft and carries a set of pretensioned springs subjected to a hydraulic pressure exerted by a movable piston in a hydraulic cylinder formed in said tubular main shaft. Upon raising and lowering the piston in said hydraulic cylinder the size of the annular crushing gap may be decreased and increased respectively.
  • the invention relates to a gyratory crusher, the crushing head of which is supported by a pretensioned spring arranged in a center bore.
  • Such gyratory crushers according to the German Pat. No. 1,017,005 are provided with means for pretensioning the spring which means comprise a nut and a thread on a pin centrically extending through a set of annular springs.
  • the required strong pretensioning of the spring necessitates, particularly in larger machine units, additional devices for compressing the spring as a turning of the nut under load cannot be done.
  • Such an additional or auxiliary device consists mostly of at least two tension rods and two crossbars between which are clamped a hydraulic press, a pressure measuring gauge and the set of springs.
  • Such auxiliary devices are extremely cumbersome and may weigh up to several tons. Their transportation and handling at the work location of the crusher is costly, difficult, cumbersome and not without hazards.
  • the mentioned gyratory crusher is also eqnuipped with a thread operated gearing and gear wheels for the purpose of adjusting the width of the crushing gap. Due to the occurring strong crushing forces and frictional resistances this adjustment is done mostly when the machine runs idle. If a blocking of the crushing cone occurs by an unbreakable item, it is--particularly in larger machines-frequently not possible to lower the crushing cone by means of the adjustment gearing, but the top section has to be lifted after all the housing screws have been loosened and upon clearing of the crushing space the screws have to be tightened again.
  • the individual gearing parts are removable from the machine from above so that the walk-in space under the machine can be practically eliminated.
  • hydraulic adjustment gearing comprising a cylinder-piston unit in combination with mechanical spring means according to the invention not only leads to a simplified and less expensive structure, but-as will be expounded later onalso eliminates the use of heavy and costly auxiliary devices for pretensioning the mechanical spring.
  • a further advantage is the reduced installation height which results in savings in the erection of plant buildings.
  • FIG. 1 is a vertical longitudinal sectional view of a gyratory crusher provided with a cylinder-piston unit arranged below the pretensioned spring, and
  • FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view of a gyratory crusher provided with a cylinder-piston unit arranged above the pretensioned spring.
  • the stationary housing of a gymtory crusher comprises a top portion 1 having an upper feed opening 2, a fixedly mounted crushing tool 3 just belowd said feed opening, and the machine frame 4 which contains the rotatable crushing cone and the parts supporting and rotating the same.
  • the crushing cone 5 rests on a supporting cone 6 in the hollow interior of which is arranged the calotte 7 of the side bearing.
  • the transverse forces acting on the cone are taken up by the cylindrical surface 8 engaging the eccentric sleeve 10 driven by bevel gear 9.
  • the eccentric sleeve 10 is rotatably supported by the tubular main shaft 11 secured to the frame 4.
  • the bearing pan 12 of the longitudinal bearing rests on the upper end of the shaft 13 which is axially slidable in the center bore of the stationary tubular main shaft 11.
  • a set of pretensioned annular springs 15 is arranged between the shaft 13 and a ring 14.
  • the ring 14 is slidable on a center pin 16 connected to the lower end of the shaft 13 and transfers the spring bias to a collar 14a fixed to the pin 16.
  • the lower end face of the ring 14 engages the upward facing end face surface of a hydraulic piston 17.
  • the upper end of the piston 17 is recessed in order to allow enough freedom of movement for the center pin 16 during the resilient movement of the cone aggregate 5, 6, 7.
  • the diameter of the piston is such that upon the dismounting of the cone aggregate and the compression spring 15 it may freely be pulled upwardly and be removed from the bore of the tubular main shaft 11.
  • the piston 17 is slidably fitted in a cylindrical tube 18 inserted in the bore of the tubular main shaft 11 or may also be slidably fitted within the bore itself and sealed in known manner. Pressure fluid is fed to and discharged from the cylindrical bore 19 in the tube 18 in any 'known manner.
  • the level of the oil filling determines the position of the piston and therewith the width of the annular crushing gap 20 formed between the parts 3 and 5.
  • a pressure relief valve may be connected to the interior of the cylinder formed by the tube 18.
  • the great advantage of the hydraulic abutment resides in addition to simplification of construction as compared to a mechanical adjustment gearing in the relative ease with which the great force required for lifting the heavy cone aggregate is produced by means of a correspondingly dimensioned pressure medium pump and in that a lowering of the piston also in cases which the machine is blocked by a sizable unbreakable alien body is readily eifected by a discharge of the pressure medium.
  • a lowering of the piston and thus a relief of the crushing gap is frequently not possible with mechanical adjustment because the entrance of an alien body may be followed by a strong decrease in speed which does compress the spring due to the effect of the centrifugal masses but eventually leads to a standstill.
  • An adjustment gearing under this kind of load is not releasable just by a turning operation.
  • the gap widths of all crushers can be regulated from a single control center.
  • the cylinders 18, 19 of all crushers are connected with the control center by way of a pressure medium pipe.
  • the control center in addition to a number of hydraulic switch valves may be provided with only one pressure medium pump which according to necessity is hooked up to one of the cylinders 18, 19.
  • the capacity of the pump may be small since the volume of the cylinder interior is only small, too. Accordingly, the pressure medium pipes may also be of small diameter.
  • the interior of the cylinder 18, 19 is at its lower end pressure-tight closed by a cover 18.
  • the pressure medium is supplied from below by means of a trombone pipe 21 which preferably follows the piston movement in that it is kept in steady contact with the bottom of the up and down travelling piston 17, by means of a spring 22 so that a discharge of pressure medium always takes place from the highest point of the interior of the cylinder 18, 19 and any undesirable air bubbles are thus safely eliminated.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates an embodiment of the invention in which the cylinder-piston unit is positioned on top.
  • the cylinder space 23 is formed by an enlarged bore portion in the shaft 24 of the longitudinal bearing 25, and the upper end of the center pin 26 of the set of springs 15 which is formed like a piston is sealingly guided in the cylinder space 23.
  • the pressure medium is supplied by means of a longitudinal passage 27 in the center pin 26.
  • An air relief means for the cylinder space 23 and a lubricant supply means may be installed analogous to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1.
  • the properties and advantages of FIG. 1 are also true of the embodiment according to FIG. 2.
  • An important operational measure is the checking of the set of springs 15 for the presence of the required spring bias.
  • the cone aggregate is blocked against an upward displacement, which may be done, for instance, by placing several steel wedges into the annular crushing gap 20.
  • the pressure medium is supplied until the piston 17, 26 starts to move against the spring force.
  • the product of the fluid pressure and the piston diameter is then a measure for the spring bias. From the pressure difference between the rising and lowering of the piston may be calculated the frictional resistance value of the set of springs.
  • the cylinder-piston unit 17, 18 and 24, 26 also serves for producing the spring bias after a new set of springs has been installed. This is done in the embodiment according to FIG. 2 in a simple manner in that upon installation of the cone aggregate and blocking of the longitudinal movement of the cone, as described in the foregoing the required pretensioning is imparted to the set of springs 15 by compressing the spring by means of the cylinder-piston unit 24, 26.
  • the space thus produced between the ring 14 and the collar 14a is filled by an intermediary ring 14b of suitable height before the collar 14a is fixedly secured to the center pin 16. Subsequently, the fluid pressure may be reduced and the blocking may be removed. After adjusting the crushing gap 20 to the desired width by supplying the cylinder 23 with a controlled amount of pressure fluid the crusher is ready for operation.
  • the values of the forces for installing the preferably conical seat lie above the spring force limiting values in order to prevent the occurrence of displacements when the seat is elastically stressed.
  • the insertion of the shaft 11 may be done by means of its cylinder-piston unit, namely when for instance the spring 15 is replaced by a rigid distance pipe and the support is provided by a stationary auxiliary crossbar for which part of the top portion 1 may be utilized.
  • the apparatus according to the invention then makes the acquisition of an auxiliary hydraulic apparatus producing pressures from about to 2 00 tons superfluous since the incorporated hydraulic unit is anyway designed for meeting the required forces.
  • the described methods particularly facilitate the jobs of mounting, inspection and repair and the moving of heavy clumsy tensioning devices to the work location of the machine becomes unnecessary.
  • the hydraulic device thus has a multi-purpose function.
  • a further advantage of the invention over known crushers having a hydraulic abutment and pneumatic spring means is that the pistons 17, 26 are at rest with respect to the cylinders 18, 24 during operation. Therefore, the action of the springs will not tax the piston seals which are under high pressure and therefore no wear will occur.
  • a device for tensioning and testing of a spring which in a gyratory crusher provided with a vertically disposed tubular main shaft is ararnged in the bore of said tubular main shaft and yieldably acts against the forces acting from above on the crushing head of said gyratory crusher, wherein the improvement comprises a hydraulic unit including a hydraulic cylinder and a slidable piston arranged in axial alignment with said spring and is effective to act against the forces acting from above on said crusher head.
  • said gyratory crusher has a bearing for movably supporting said crusher head, said hydraulic cylinder being formed by an axial bore in said bearing which extends into the upper end of said tubular mainshaft, while said slidable piston in said bore of said hydraulic cylinder engages the upper end of said spring.
  • a device in which said hydraulic cylinder is arranged at the lower end of said tubular main shaft in axial alignment therewith and that the lower end of said spring is in engagement with said slidable piston in said hydraulic cylinder.
  • a device in which the diameter of the bore of the tubular main shaft is substantially the same as the bore of the hydraulic cylinder in which said piston is slidable.
  • a device in which said gyratory crusher has a bearing for movably supporting said crusher head, said bearing being mounted on the upper end of a shaft which is axially slidably mounted in the upper end of the bore in said tubular main shaft, while said piston in said hydraulic cylinder has a diameter which is not greater than the diameter of said shaft.
  • a device including a hydraulic pressure medium pipe connected to said hydraulic cylinder and terminating close to the highest point of the cylinder space in which said piston is arranged.
  • a device including means for slidably mounting a portion of said hydraulic pressure medium pipe, and a spring for yieldably urging the discharge end of said pipe portion in engagement with an end face of said slidable piston in said hydraulic cylinder.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
US730522A 1967-06-09 1968-05-20 Gyratory crusher Expired - Lifetime US3532277A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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DEK0062515 1967-06-09

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US3532277A true US3532277A (en) 1970-10-06

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ID=7230647

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US730522A Expired - Lifetime US3532277A (en) 1967-06-09 1968-05-20 Gyratory crusher

Country Status (6)

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US (1) US3532277A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1607518A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ES (1) ES354745A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR1568553A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1227780A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
SE (1) SE342751B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3782647A (en) * 1971-03-05 1974-01-01 Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag Gyratory crusher with hydraulic adjustment of the crusher
US3837585A (en) * 1971-07-15 1974-09-24 Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag Gyratory crusher with hydraulic means for lifting the upper part of the housing from the lower part
US3873037A (en) * 1972-09-02 1975-03-25 Hans Decker Gyratory crusher
US3944146A (en) * 1973-11-17 1976-03-16 Klockner-Humboldt-Deutz Aktiengesellschaft Crusher gap setting by ultrasonic measurement
US4034922A (en) * 1976-06-08 1977-07-12 Allis-Chalmers Corporation Gyratory crusher with bushing assembly between inner eccentric antifriction bearing
WO2012140307A1 (en) * 2011-04-13 2012-10-18 Metso Minerals, Inc. Cone crusher and processing plant for mineral material
US20160016174A1 (en) * 2013-03-07 2016-01-21 Sandvik Intellectual Propert Ab Gyratory crusher hydraulic pressure relief valve
EP4108334A1 (en) * 2021-06-21 2022-12-28 Sandvik SRP AB Bolting assembly for cone crusher

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114160241A (zh) * 2021-12-02 2022-03-11 河南黎明重工科技股份有限公司 单缸液压圆锥破碎机

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2079882A (en) * 1931-09-30 1937-05-11 Traylor Engineering & Mfg Comp Crusher and pressure-exerting machinery
US2667309A (en) * 1948-11-26 1954-01-26 Allis Chalmers Mfg Co Gyratory crusher
GB770261A (en) * 1954-06-15 1957-03-20 Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag A gyratory crusher
US2833486A (en) * 1955-01-10 1958-05-06 Lester R Macleod Gyratory crusher with hydraulic means for adjusting crusher head
US3227381A (en) * 1962-06-29 1966-01-04 Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag Cone crusher
US3372881A (en) * 1966-04-25 1968-03-12 Allis Chalmers Mfg Co Spiderless gyratory crusher with relief valve system
US3417932A (en) * 1966-03-28 1968-12-24 Allis Chalmers Mfg Co Gyratory crusher

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2079882A (en) * 1931-09-30 1937-05-11 Traylor Engineering & Mfg Comp Crusher and pressure-exerting machinery
US2667309A (en) * 1948-11-26 1954-01-26 Allis Chalmers Mfg Co Gyratory crusher
GB770261A (en) * 1954-06-15 1957-03-20 Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag A gyratory crusher
US2833486A (en) * 1955-01-10 1958-05-06 Lester R Macleod Gyratory crusher with hydraulic means for adjusting crusher head
US3227381A (en) * 1962-06-29 1966-01-04 Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag Cone crusher
US3417932A (en) * 1966-03-28 1968-12-24 Allis Chalmers Mfg Co Gyratory crusher
US3372881A (en) * 1966-04-25 1968-03-12 Allis Chalmers Mfg Co Spiderless gyratory crusher with relief valve system

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3782647A (en) * 1971-03-05 1974-01-01 Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag Gyratory crusher with hydraulic adjustment of the crusher
US3837585A (en) * 1971-07-15 1974-09-24 Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag Gyratory crusher with hydraulic means for lifting the upper part of the housing from the lower part
US3873037A (en) * 1972-09-02 1975-03-25 Hans Decker Gyratory crusher
US3944146A (en) * 1973-11-17 1976-03-16 Klockner-Humboldt-Deutz Aktiengesellschaft Crusher gap setting by ultrasonic measurement
US4034922A (en) * 1976-06-08 1977-07-12 Allis-Chalmers Corporation Gyratory crusher with bushing assembly between inner eccentric antifriction bearing
WO2012140307A1 (en) * 2011-04-13 2012-10-18 Metso Minerals, Inc. Cone crusher and processing plant for mineral material
CN103534031A (zh) * 2011-04-13 2014-01-22 美特索矿物公司 锥式破碎机和用于矿物材料的处理设备
CN103534031B (zh) * 2011-04-13 2015-08-05 美特索矿物公司 锥式破碎机和用于矿物材料的处理设备
US9238228B2 (en) 2011-04-13 2016-01-19 Metso Minerals, Inc. Cone crusher and processing plant for mineral material
US20160016174A1 (en) * 2013-03-07 2016-01-21 Sandvik Intellectual Propert Ab Gyratory crusher hydraulic pressure relief valve
US10478823B2 (en) * 2013-03-07 2019-11-19 Sandvik Intellectual Property Ab Gyratory crusher hydraulic pressure relief valve
EP4108334A1 (en) * 2021-06-21 2022-12-28 Sandvik SRP AB Bolting assembly for cone crusher
WO2022268787A1 (en) * 2021-06-21 2022-12-29 Sandvik Srp Ab Bolting assembly for cone crusher

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE342751B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-02-21
DE1607518A1 (de) 1971-10-14
GB1227780A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-04-07
FR1568553A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1969-05-23
ES354745A1 (es) 1969-11-01

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