US3524315A

US3524315A - Exhaust gas line serving for the feed of exhaust gas turbochargers

Info

Publication number: US3524315A
Application number: US722340A
Authority: US
Inventors: Wolfgang Rudert; Grunbach Kreis; Jurgen Wahnschaffe
Original assignee: Daimler Benz AG
Current assignee: Daimler Benz AG
Priority date: 1967-04-21
Filing date: 1968-04-18
Publication date: 1970-08-18
Anticipated expiration: 1987-08-18
Also published as: DE1576356A1; DE1576356B2; FR1564203A; GB1181639A

Description

8, 1970 w. RUDERT ET'AL 3,524,315

EXHAUST GAS LINE SERVING FOR THE FEED OF EXHAUST INVENTORS GAS TURBOCHARGERS Filed April 18, 1968 E F. M mnunb M E 8 N U H A w A m 6 W x. W .J

M m 2 6 I w [I 6 6 M m 6 00 mi N M 6 3 ATTORNEYS United States Patent Int. Cl. F01!! 7/10, 7/18 US. C]. 60-29 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE An exhaust gas line for internal combustion engines with a number of cylinders which includes exhaust gas pipe sections and pipe elbows to conduct the exhaust gases from the cylinder head to an exhaust gas turbocharger which is to be loaded at predetermined pulse sequence; the pipe elbows conduct the exahust gases from the cylinder heads to the respective exhaust gas pipe sections in such a manner that the individual partial lines extend within a common multiple-flow pipe; the individual exhaust gas sections may be connectedwith each other by connecting joints provided with a double dividing wall that effectively overlaps with its forked ends the ends of the separating walls provided within the exhaust gas pipe sections.

BACKG-ROUN D OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an exhaust gas line for internal combustion engines consisting of exhaust gas pipe sections and of pipe elbows which lead from the cylinder heads to an exhaust gas turbocharger which itself is to be loaded or acted upon with a predetermined pulse sequence.

Exhaust gas pressure waves occurring in pulse shape should be supplied in predetermined timed sequence to exhaust gas turbochargers, especially those operating according to the so-called Biichi-charge principle. 'In order to make this possible, one combines the exhaust gases of certain cylinders in different lines so that the desired shape of the curve for the exhaust gas pulses takes place at the end of these exhaust gas lines. Several exhaust gas lines have to be provided for that purpose, especially with internal combustion engines having a larger number of cylinders. These exhaust gas lines have a large space requirement that oftentimes is not available because the two lines have to have a relatively large spacing from each other for reasons of insulation and assembly or the like. The line layout and guidance becomes particularly difficult it, by reason of the ignition sequence, successive cylinders have to be conducted alternately into the different exhaust gas line sections.

SUMMARY 'OF THE INVENTION The aim of the present invention resides in creating exhaust gas lines for the turbocharge which are utilizable according to the building block principle for all internal combustion engines, irrespective of the number of cylinders, and which nevertheless occupy less space than the known lines of this type.

As solution to the underlying problems, the present invention provides that the individual partial lines extend or are conducted in a common multiple-flow pipe. This means that the pipe cross sections of the known lines are combined in a single pipe whose space requirement is considerably less than the space requirement of the 3,524,315 Patented Aug. 18, 1970 separately conducted lines known heretofore. Since therebeyond the heat-transferring surface has become smaller, the energy losses by the exhaust gas line can be reduced.

According to a further feature and development of the present invention, provision is made that with double entry pipes, a partition wall placed approximately through a diameter of the exhaust gas pipe section is provided therein which partition wall is welded together with the exhaust gas pipe section at its circumference disposed within the area of the exhaust gas pipe section and which, within the area of the connection of the exhaust gas pipe section with a pipe elbow, extends along one-half of the associated cutout or aperture and has a corresponding bent or bulged portion. One can thereby determine in a simple manner by the direction of the bulge or bend into which part of the pipe the cylinder is to feed. Additionally, with exhaust gas pipe sections which have been made of double-entry-type in this manner, a single ring-shaped seal against the outside may be provided at the ends thereof.

If one additionally provides that the cutout or aperture is axially symmetrical to the longitudinal axis of the exhaust gas pipe section, then this leads automatically to partition walls that have a predetermined type of bulges or bends. Separating walls with these bulges can then be used uniformly for all exhaust gas pipe sections and one only has to be careful during assembly whether the bulge should conduct the exhaust gas stream into the one or other pipe half. The separating wall is continued in sleeves connecting the respectively adjacent exhaust gas pipe sections. A seal sufiicient for the occurring pressure shocks is achieved by the overlap without the need of utilizing expensive sealing elements.

A transition of the gas stream, advantageous from a flow or streamline point of view, from the pipe elbow to the exhaust gas pipe section is obtained if the nonbent or nonbulged part of the separating wall lies in a plane that is tangential to the center axis of the pipe elbow. A bulge or bend that is relatively short in the flow direction is then adequate for the introduction of the gas stream.

Such types of exhaust gas lines can be manufactured easily if both the exhaust gas pipe sections as well as the pipe elbow consist of two half-shells whose one separating plane lies in the plane of the nonbulged part of the separating wall and whose other separating plane is disposed parallel to the first separating plane and extends through the center axis of the pipe elbow. The entire construction can then be welded together whereby it is possible at times to connect together three parts with a single seam.

Accordingly,:it is an object of the present invention to provide an exhaust gas line for the supply of exhaust gas turbochargers which avoids by simple and operationally reliable means the aforementioned shortcomings and drawbacks encountered in the prior art.

Another object of the present invention resides in an exhaust gas line for the feed of exhaust gas turbochargers which greatly reduces the space requirements for the exhaust gas lines while facilitating the layout and accommodation of the line section.

A further object of the present invention resides in an exhaust gas line for turbochargers which can be built up in the manner of building blocks regardless of the number of cylinders in the engine.

A still further object of the present invention resides in an exhaust gas line for turbochargers in which the pipe cross sections of the different lines required heretofore can be combined in a single pipe, thereby also reducing the heat-transferring surface and therewith reducing the energy losses in the exhaust gas line.

Still another object of the present invention resides in an exhaust gas line of the type described above which can be assembled and manufactured in a simple and relatively inexpensive manner.

A still further object of the present invention resides in a sealing connection of two exhaust gas line sections which provides a sufiiciently strong seal with relatively simple means that can be readily assembled.

These and further objects, features, and advantages of the present invention will become more obvious from the following description when taken in connection with the accompanying drawing which shows, for purposes of illustration only, one embodiment in accordance with the present invention, and wherein:

FIG. 1 is a partial side elevational view of an exhaust gas line in accordance with the present invention with the cylinder heads indicated in dash line;

FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view, in the plane of the drawing of FIG. 1, through a left outer partial area of the exhaust gas line of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IIIIII of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV of FIG. 1; and

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line V-V of FIG. 4.

Referring now to the drawing wherein like reference numerals are used throughout the various views to designate like parts, the internal combustion engine illustrated includes

cylinder heads

10, 12, 14 and 16 (FIG. 1) indicated in dash line. As illustrated for the three latter cylinder heads 12, '14 and 16,

pipe elbow flanges

18, 20 and 22 are secured thereon by conventional means (not illustrated).

Pipe elbows

26, 28 and 30- which are welded into the central apertures 24 (FIGS. 3 and 4), form together with the exhaust

gas pipe sections

32, 34, 36 and 38 an exhaust gas line. The

pipe elbows

26, 28 and 30 and the exhaust

gas pipe sections

32, 34, 36 and 38 are each joined of two deep-drawn half-shells made from high-heat-resistant sheet metal or plates whose separating plane is disposed perpendicular to the plane of the drawing of FIGS. 3 or 4 extends both through the respective pipe elbow center axis 40 as Well as through the radius of the exhaust gas pipe sections 32 to 38 which is disposed in the main plane of separating

walls

42, 44 and 46. These two partial planes pass over into each other at point 48 (FIGS. 3 and 4). To the extent the half-shells abut against each other in these planes, they are welded together by V-seams.

The separating

walls

42, 44 and 46 subdivide the exhaust gas line into a double-entry pipe and consist, like the half-shells, of high heat-resistant sheet metal. The separating walls 42, 44- and 46 form within their

center areas

50 and 52 facing the

pipe elbows

26, 28 and 30 a reinforcing bulge or bend whose edges 54- and 58 closely adjoin the configuration of the respective pipe elbow. The bulge together with the edge is particularly clearly visible in FIG. 5 which shows the separating wall 46. The separating

walls

42, 44 and 46 are, insofar as they adjoin directly the

pipe elbows

26, 28 and 30 or the exhaust gas pipe sections 32, 3'4, 36 and 38, welded at their edges together with these pipe albows and exhaust pipe sections in an airtight manner. The separating

walls

44 and 46 are constructed identically and have been inserted into the respective pipe sections only rotated by 180 about their cross axis and securely welded in such position. As can be seen also in particular from FIG. 5, this is possible without difiiculty because the edge area 60 of the

pipe eblows

26, 28, 30 is constructed in the cross-sectional plane of the cross section VV exactly as the edge area 62.

By thus welding-in the separating

walls

44 and 46 once in one position and the next time in the other position thereof, one can achieve that one can feed, for example, from the cylinder head 14 into the one-half 64 of the exhaust gas pipe section 36 and from the cylinder head 16 into the other half 66 of the exhaust gas pipe section 38. Both halves are separated from each other in a pressuretight manner.

FIG. 2 illustrates how the transition is solved from a single-entry exhaust gas pipe section 32, into which feeds the preceding cylinder, into the double-entry exhaust gas pipe section 34. One has, for this purpose, reduced the exhaust gas pipe section 34 in its left end area 68 as viewed in FIGS. 1 and 2 to the diameter of the smaller exhaust gas pipe section 32 and has bent off the separating wall 42 beginning at the place 70 so that the separating wall 42 abuts in its left end area 72 or at the edge thereof against the inner surface of the end area 68. The end area 72 is welded together thereat with the end area 68.

The connection between the individual exhaust gas pipe sections 32, 3-4, 36 and 38 takes place by sleeve joints or connections of which one will be explained by reference to FIG. 5. The other sleeve connections are constructed accordingly.

The exhaust gas pipe sections are welded at their ends to turned or machine rings 74 and 76 whose outer diameter is slightly larger than that of the exhaust gas pipe section. Each ring 74 and 76 is machined or turned to a predetermined depth so that an annular space 78 and 80 results, into which a sleeve 82 can be inserted during assembly whose outer diameter is slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the annular spaces 78 and 80 and whose inner diameter corresponds approximately to the inner diameter of the exhaust gas pipe sections. Lamellae piston rings 86 are inserted into circumferential grooves 84 of the sleeve 82 which abut sealingly against the outer surface of the annular spaces 78 and 80. As can be seen from FIG. 5, the lamellae piston rings 86 can fulfill their tasks also when the exhaust gas pipe section 38 is not completely aligned with the exhaust gas pipe section 36.

As-can be further seen from FIG. 5, the separating

walls

44 and 46 extend only up to the annular spaces 78 and 80..A dividing wall 88 which is welded into the sleeve 82 along a diameter, consists of two sheet metal plates 90 and 92 and is bent apart in a fork-shaped manner within its end areas as shown as to the rest, however, the two plates 90 and 92 are welded together at the mutually contacting surfaces. Since the fork ends 94 and 96 project beyond the end areas of the separating walls 44- and 46, a sealingconnection is obtained that is adequate for the pressure shocks.

This type of construction according to the present invention makes possible during the assembly a very simple plug-type connection as well as enables ready interchangeability of the parts.

While we have shown and described only one embodiment in accordance with the present invention, it is under stood that the same is not limited thereto but is susceptible of numerous changes and modifications as known to a person skilled in the art, and We therefore do not wish to be limited to the details shown and described herein but intend to cover all such changes and modifications as are encompassed by the scope of the present invention.

We claim:

1. An exhaust gas line for internal combustion engines, comprising exhaust gas pipe sections and pipe elbows which lead from the cylinder heads to an exhaust gas turbocharger to be loaded with a predetermined pulse sequence, said exhaust gas line adapted to be assembled in accordance with a building-block type construction wherein said exhaust gas pipe sections are substantially the length of the cylinder heads, characterized in that said exhaust gas pipe sections and said pipe elbows comprise double-flow exhaust conduits essentially consisting of two half-shells, the junction between the halves of said exhaust gas pipe sections being disposed approximately on a diametrical plane of said exhaust gas pipe sections and the junction between the halves of said pipe elbows having a continuous transition into the plane of the junction of each of said exhaust gas pipe sections, identical individual separating Wall means being located in the plane of the junction of each of said exhaust gas pipe sections, said separating wall means being provided with an unbulged portion and with a bulged portion in the zone of each of said pipe elbows, and said bulged portion having a rim which is in contacting relationship with the inner wall of each of said pipe elbows.

2. An exhaust gas line according to claim 1, further comprising connecting sleeve means including dividing wall means for connecting two adjacent exhaust gas pipe sections, said separating wall means being disposed within said dividing wall means so as to overlap said separating wall means at the upstream and downstream end areas thereof.

3. An exhaust gas line according to claim 2, wherein said separating wall means is overlapped on both surfaces at each end area so as to provide a seal for pressure waves.

4. An exhaust gas line according to claim 3, wherein said unbulged portion of each of said separating wall UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,271,779 7/ 1918 Schroeder 60-29 2,390,913 12/1945 Barrett 60-29 2,637,160 5/1953 Thomas 6029 2,886,945 5/1959 Hofer 60-29 FOREIGN PATENTS 673,277 6/1952 Great Britain.

MARK M. NEWMAN, Primary Examiner D. HART, Assistant Examiner US. Cl. X.R. 601 3