US3523992A - Fabrication of support-module - Google Patents

Fabrication of support-module Download PDF

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US3523992A
US3523992A US695178A US3523992DA US3523992A US 3523992 A US3523992 A US 3523992A US 695178 A US695178 A US 695178A US 3523992D A US3523992D A US 3523992DA US 3523992 A US3523992 A US 3523992A
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slug
hammer
resin
bonding
support
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Charles Bickoff
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Honeywell Inc
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Honeywell Inc
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J9/00—Hammer-impression mechanisms
    • B41J9/02—Hammers; Arrangements thereof
    • B41J9/127—Mounting of hammers

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  • FIG. 2A lNVENTOR. CHARLES BICKOFF ATTORNEY Aug. 11, 1970 c. BICKOFF msmcurxou 0F surron'r-uonum 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Jan. 2. 1 968 FIG. 2A
  • PROBLEMS, INVENTION FEATURES Flexure mounts for supporting a number of print-hammers from a common base are well-known in the art, for instance, as adapted for use in high-speed printers associated with data processing systems.
  • Hammer unit HU in FIG. 1 is schematically representative of such (more details may be found in US. 3,334,409 to Schneider et al.).
  • the task of joining such supports to the relatively rigid base and hammerslugs, such as to satisfactorily operate over the long-duty cycle and under the extreme acceleration etc. conditions of high-speed printers is one of the most challenging in the printer arts.
  • This support-registration problem is a severe one and can result, for instance, from a poor support-bond (to the slug, to the base or to both) whereby actuation of the print-slug may cause them to impact misaligned, to interfere with an adjacent slug, etc., resulting in clipped" characters and other like hallmarks of poor print quality. It is recognized that a primary cause of this stems from defective print-hammer fabrication, e.g., in the method and materials used in assembly; for instance, the materials (such as spring steel) typically used for prior art support-fiexures are prone to exhibit certain structural weaknesses, some deriving from treatment received during manufacturing and/ or handling.
  • invention teaches a method of fabricating print-hammer modules of certain superior two-phase (composite) materials using a jig for aligning hammer-slug support units in prescribed registry and keeping them so during potting; this technique involving no operations with scratch hazards (e.g., no trimming knives, etc.); and using material which is not notch sensitive.
  • prior arthammer fabrication techniques are also undesirably slow, fussy and not readily adaptable to foolproof (e.g., automated) assembly.
  • prior art techniques are not practical for more than a few (e.g., two) hammers in a module (since the buildup of registration-variances quickly becomes intolerable from hammer to hammer).
  • the present invention eliminates the aforementioned difficulties and disadvantages by eliminating these individual steps and blending them all into a single integral operation using a multifunction jig, by eliminating operator treatments which are likely to injure the module or which require special skill (e.g., to maintain registration, to trim, etc.) and by easily maintaining errorfree hammer registration over the span of several hammers in a large set (e.g., up to about 12).
  • methods employing the invention may be expected to produce hammer modules with as many as 12 hammers at the same cost, or less, as conventional two-harnmer modules.
  • hammer modules fabricated according to the invention have a failure-free lifeat least treble that of conventional modules under typical life-test conditions.
  • FIG. 1 where a double print-hammer unit HU is shown somewhat schematically. It will be understood that a plurality of such units is typically arrayed across a printing zone to be operatively adjacent the locus of the print drum and intermediate paper and ribbon material, e.g., such units for a -column printer.
  • Each such unit HU will generally comprise a pair of hammers (slugs) S1, -2, each mounted, front and rear, on a pair of pivot flexures f in prescribed relation to a fixed base BB; the base being adapted to be located in prescribed relation with the printing locus, as known in the art.
  • Flexure supports 1 are typically joined to their respective slugs S by an elastomeric (or like) bond bd embedded in a cavity in the slug and are similarly bonded to base BB through a similar bond bd embedded in cavities therein.
  • Such a module may be about 1 /2 in. high (slugs S being about 1 /2 in. long, about in. wide and separated by only a few mils).
  • Such flexures 7'" support the hammer load to be pivotable in a prescribed (print-impact) direction, while storing and releasing energy under high frequency printimpacting.
  • hammer unit HU and its companion units when hammer unit HU and its companion units are properly fixed and aligned along their printing locus, they will be adapted to be impacted (launched) at their tail portion, St, to drive their print-impacting nose portion, S-n, against the print drum and intermediate forms (as indicated by the arrows).
  • This operation is recognized as imposing high impact, high frequency stresses on these units to the extent that failure of hammer units, and especially of their flexure supports, is perhaps probably the most common and troublesome malady in todays high-speed printers.
  • the present invention provides a novel hammer-module and associated fabrication technique involving none of the above problems and providing superior operating characteristics, as well as more fabrication convenience and reliability.
  • the present invention will be seen to provide an answer to these difficulties in providing a highly reliable mounting arrangement for hammer-slugs and for bonding these in place so as to give improved operation and reliability over a longer life. More particularly, the invention provides such an advantageous mount in the form of a multislug integrally-molded module.
  • flexures f are customarily stamped from stock spring steel and thus are especially apt to be notch-sensitive; that is, apt to have tiny irregularities along their edges which act as failure sites liable to induce premature rupture and failure.
  • This problem can be somewhat ameliorated by grinding such edges to be very smooth; however, this is an expensive, fussy procedure and is best avoided, if possible.
  • the techniques for fabricating conventional hammer modules, such as that of FIG. I typically involve hazardous operator handling and treatments, especially in the bonding area, as aforementioned.
  • the fabrication of such modules typically involves an operator trimming, scraping, etc., the bonding areas, such as the polyurethane fillets, cf bonds bd, bd in FIG. 1.
  • the bonding areas such as the polyurethane fillets, cf bonds bd, bd in FIG. 1.
  • the bond can injure the flexures f, such as by scratching them, bending (permanently deforming) them, etc.
  • the invention eliminates all such hazards and problems and makes the module cheaper and more convenient to fabricate according to a one-step multislug bonding technique whereby the bond is made automatically without intervention of the operator.
  • a related object is to provide such methods with an improved technique for bonding composite flexure strip supports to hammer slugs and the like. Yet, a further related object is to provide a more specific technique for bonding a plurality of aligned such strips to an associated array of print-hammer slugs.
  • Still another object is to provide a technique for fabricating such assemblies in a manner which eliminates operator handling and treatments likely to damage the unit.
  • a related object is to eliminate the risk of notch-sensitivity and similar problems.
  • Yet another object is to provide such assemblies by a technique which extends their reliable operating life substantially.
  • Another object is to fabricate such assemblies at lower cost per failure-free operating hour.
  • Still another object is to provide such assemblies by a method which allows the reliable mounting of more than two hammer slugs from a common base module.
  • Another important object is to provide such an assembly technique whereby slug registration is assured more reliably.
  • a more particular object is to provide a fabrication technique whereby the slug-support is provided with greater contact area in relation to the slug for bonding therewith.
  • Still a more particular object is to provide an improved method of supporting a plurality of hammer-slugs from a common base module with glass fiber resin strips.
  • a fabrication implement arranged to array a prescribed set of hammenslugs in prescribed registration along a reference plane; to thereafter align two sets of glass fiber resin, slug-supporting strips in registry with two prescribed sets of bonding cavities in each respective one of these slugs, each strip being disposed for registry with a particular cavity, each set of cavities being in registry for introduction of a bonding resin therein as a set; next, introducing this resin, in common, along each set of cavities (and along at least a bonding portion of the common base); and thereafter thrusting separation means along this reference plane and between each set of slug-cavities to separate the bonding resin therein and allow independent operation of each slug as known in the art.
  • FIG. 1 is an upper isometric view of a two-slug printhammer unit constructed according to prior art techniques and adapted for incorporation in a high-speed printer;
  • FIGS. 2C and 2A illustrate preliminary and intermediate steps, respectively, in fabricating a multislug print-hammer module according to one technique embodiment of the invention, FIG. 2B indicating the sofabricated module; while FIG. 2D shows, in plan view, a mold form for providing sets of strips as indicated in FIG. 2C;
  • FIG. 3 represents a somewhat idealized set of stress/ strain curves illustrating the characteristics of support material adapted for use in the invention
  • FIG. 4 is a side-isometric, idealized view (not-to-scale) of a preferred slug-support construction
  • FIG. 5 is an upper isometric view of a six-slug hammer module fabricated according to an alternate form of the invention.
  • GENERAL MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS I have found that it is especially advantageous to fabricate hammer (slug) supports to be of compositematerials having diverse elastic characteristics. Preferably, they comprise several layers of strong, high-modulus filaments (such as glass fiber strands) potted in a relatively weak, more elastic potting (binding) matrix (such as a compatible resin strongly adherent to the glass). I have found that such a composite construction of diverse-elasticity materials can provide a mounting flexure at reasonable cost having strength and elasticity properties that no analogous homogeneous (single-phase) material appears to possess. For instance, glass fiber resin strips yield a support flexure that is unexpectedly advantageous.
  • the bulk of this material comprise the high strength (glass fiber) material, dispersing the elastic matrix material (resin) adherently therebetween.
  • the resultant composite structure is able to absorb a loading stress that would easily rupture the weaker plastic (if used alone); while dispersing the high strength fibers throughout this matrix and isolating them somewhat this way, prevents minor imperfections in any single fiber from being propagated across the entire structure.
  • the load will thereupon be redistributed through the elastic matrix to be borne by other filaments in the composite structure. It has been found that the filament material must be considerably stronger than the matrix material, as explained hereinafter.
  • the aforementioned glass fiber plastic material comprises a web support structure for mounting the hammer slugs (or like reciprocating elements).
  • a composite structure may be thought of simply as an array of parallel fibers (layers of) aligned primarily along a particular stress direction and comprising the bulk of the flexure support, being embedded in a minor portion of relatively resilient bonding material as a matrix.
  • Such fibers may be either natural or manmade, may be of organic, inorganic or metallic material, and may comprise one continuous filament or discontinuous filaments, each filament comprising an individual fiber, a yarn, a yarnbundle, etc.
  • the matrix or binder material may, in general, be organic or inorganic (e.g., metallic) and can be made soft or hard, brittle or tough, conductive (elec. or thermal) or not; and resistant; to weather, to heat, to chemical corrosion and to moisture, as the application demands.
  • the preferred structure is glass fiber filaments embedded in a thermosetting resin.
  • the fibers all be essentially straight and (mostly) aligned in a common direction (direction of expected loading);
  • a good bond must exist between the matrix and the fibers and, although this bond need not be continuous, the bonding points must be close enough together to ensure that the two disparate materials can absorb strain unitarily.
  • the key function of the bond is to transfer the load to the fibers, such as by preventing any appreciable slippage of the fibers, misalignment with loading direction, etc. and
  • the composite structure must be used only in the proportional stress/strain operating region (i.e., obey Hookes law); that is, given an applied stress, the strain (elongation per unit length) of each material will be proportional to the stress it assumes.
  • a second curve indicates the performance of an idealized matrix material beyond the elastic threshold (E i.e., the limit beyond which no more stress can be borne and virtually infinite deformation (or rupture) occurs; thus representing the Weaker, more elastic material.
  • the other curve indicates the elongation (stretchability) modulus E for a typical filament material (such as glass fiber having a relatively high stress value level (C or over) for a particular strain or deformation, as opposed to that of the Weaker matrix material (such as level B for curve E
  • a prescribed failure point is FP, also indicated for this filament material, beyond which elasticity is not proportional (FP being the proportional limit beyond which Hookes law does not apply).
  • a 12- slug (l2-column) print-hammer module HM is to be fabricated, this being understood as representative of how the invention is uniquely apt for such multi-support module fabrication.
  • Modules like HM will be recognized as useful in the art, for instance, being modular for the common 96-column, 108-column, etc., printing configurations.
  • FIG. 2A, 2B, 2C and 2D a 12- slug (l2-column) print-hammer module HM is to be fabricated, this being understood as representative of how the invention is uniquely apt for such multi-support module fabrication.
  • Modules like HM will be recognized as useful in the art, for instance, being modular for the common 96-column, 108-column, etc., printing configurations.
  • a set SH of 12 U-shaped slug-supporting strips (set SH comprising strips C-l, C-2 through C-12) are laid-up in a mandrel (known in the arft; e.g., of the type like mold ZD-l for strips like LS-l, both described below relative to FIGS. 2D and 4 respectively) to follow a prescribed profile corresponding to the in-situ disposition of prescribed set of 12-hammer-slugs and associated pairs of bonding cavities J-l, etc., such a disposition being known in the art and further described hereinafter.
  • a mandrel known in the arft; e.g., of the type like mold ZD-l for strips like LS-l, both described below relative to FIGS. 2D and 4 respectively
  • Each strip C comprises a pair of spaced parallel leg portions L separated by a relatively orthogonal base portion b (e.g., legs L L' and base b comprising strip C-1).
  • strips C may be understood as slit from a stock sheet of composite glass fiber resin material.
  • a preferred such sheet is a preimpregnated uncured linear glass fabric (prepreg) material, such as that described in the following examples.
  • prepreg sheets comprise a composite layer of linear glass fiber in a resin matrix, uncured, (or several such layers), preferably bonded on a support backing, such as a woven skrim layer (or layers), the latter only for handling strength.
  • exemplary strip LS-1 in FIG. 4 illustrates a preferred construction where a pair of such composite layers are attached on an intermediate skrim to form a unitary support (analogous to individual legs L in FIG. 2C).
  • Such strips are taken from uncured (or semicured) stock and cured during assembly (e.g., in FIG. 2A) so that proper bonding (e.g., with slug and base) may be effected.
  • These support strips (C) will be otherwise rather conventional, i.e., about 4 inches long (leg height being approximately a conventional l in.), about 1416 mils thick and about 80-85 mils wide.
  • a set of U-strips may be disposed in paral lel, separated a prescribed distance (e.g., about 15 mils, comparable to typical interslug separation), and, preferably, formed into an integral unit Sh, for instance by bonding all strips onto a common base-sheet (LB, in phantom).
  • bases b through b may be bonded to a sheet of prepreg (or several such) or the like, for subsequent insertion into a slug-assembly jig (FIG. 2A).
  • This array Sh of support strips C-l through C-12 in FIG. 2C may now be inserted into a suitable jig (assembly-molding fixture) for bonding to the hammer slugs and molding of the common base in one integral operation according to the invention.
  • a suitable jig fixture M is indicated in FIG. 2A, comprising a jig body MD-2 together with an associated base BV-KC and cover CR.
  • Jig MD will be understood as adapted for forming finished hammer module HM in FIG. 2B.
  • Such a striparray Sh may be equivalently formed as understood in the art, such as by cutting out a U-shaped sheet of prepreg (to form legs L) or with a compression mandrel.
  • Such a mandrel consists essentially of a U-shaped cavity notched to receive strips of the glass fiber epoxy material laid across twelve U-shaped strip-cavities (grooves) in a form block, the block being adapted to be pressure-fit into the mandrel housing to force each strip to conform to its respective cavity and thus form a flexure strip having the required thickness, dimensional tolerances, etc.
  • These strips will, as above, preferably, be joined with a common base portion to make an integral (e.g., 12-strip) support array.
  • cavities CV, CV are of uniform cross section and run the length of the structure, each being proportioned, respectively, to receive the array of slugs S-l through S-12, and to form the common base BV (FIG. 23). More particularly, base cavity CV is proportioned so that a quantity of resin may be poured therein to both form a prescribed base BV and to bond (fuse) strip bases b through b integrally therewith in the same operation, according to this feature of the invention.
  • Cavity CV also preferably includes a groove portion BV-KC for forming a key (notch BV-K, shown in phantom in FIG. 2B and known to be conventional in the art for readily locating the slug module HM properly in the printer).
  • base BV would be about 1.185 inches long by about 1.218 inches wide by about .400 inch thick, spanning twelve print columns (or any convenient number thereof).
  • modules of this type made according to the invention to have a fail-free operating life of well in excess of one hundred million cycles (approaching the optimum desired level of about three hundred million cycles, corresponding approximately to a common life-standard for the typical high-speed printer).
  • jig MD will be relieved on one (or preferably both) sides of slugcavity CV (along the plane corresponding to the positions spanned by slugs S-1 through S12, these openings being shown in phantom only, but readily understood by those skilled in the art, such as from consideration of FIG. 2B).
  • These openings of slugs may be inserted therethrough into cavity CV so'that the slug-cavities (e.g., J-1 for slug S-1) are in registry with respective pairs of slots SS which are, in turn, adapted to receive the associated leg-supports (e.g., L L the slugs being thereby disposed in proper print-registry along cavity CV.
  • a set of eleven separating sliders SL-l (shown exemplarily) through SL-11 are provided.
  • Sliders SL are fabricated of a prescribed uniform size for insertion between respective pairs of slugs S (as indicated exemplarily, in phantom, for SL-l in FIG. 2B). Sliders SL will be removably inserted so as to be slideable back and forth (direction of arrow SD) in cavity CV or removed entirely as desired.
  • each slug SL is provided with a pair of bores (a) corresponding approximately to the diameter of the bonding cavities J in slugs S (e.g., J-l for slug S-1).
  • the array of pairs of cavities J-1 through J-12 are kept in registry within jig MD when slugs S1 to S-12 are so disposed therein by any convenient means (not shown, e.g., conventional straps).
  • Bores a are disposed so that slides SL-1 through SL11 may be inserted between their respective slugs with the bores in registry with adjacent bond-cavities J (the slides being held by conventional straps, clamps, by a friction-fit or the like).
  • bonding resin may now be injected into cavity CV to form the base as aforementioned, while (support-slug) bonding resin may also be injected in common down the two tubes formed by the aforedescribed twelve registered pairs of slug-cavities (pairs J1 through J-12) and through the intermediate slide-cavities a so as to form a pair of integral bonds between both sets of aligned support legs (e.g., L through L and L through L and their respective slug cavities J (and slide cavities a, also) in a single convenient operation.
  • the eleven slides SL are shifted so as to move bores a out of registry with cavities J sufiicient to rupture the integral bond therealong (along each of the two registeredcavity tubes). This will prevent a bond from forming between adjacent slugs and allow the separate, independent reciprocation of each slug in module HM as is well understood in the art.
  • Module HM now having been formed, it may be removed from jig MD, such as by removing sliders SL and sliding HM laterally (transverse the slug-length), the resinreceiving cavity CV having been conventionally lubricated for this (parting facilitated), cover CR removed, supportreceiving slots SS permitting this (e.g., slots SS made to extend the length of MD-Z to communicate outside of one or both outer sides) and so forth.
  • supportreceiving slots SS permitting this (e.g., slots SS made to extend the length of MD-Z to communicate outside of one or both outer sides) and so forth.
  • modules having somewhat more, or somewhat less, than the twelve hammers of module HM aforedescribed may be fabricated with relatively the same convenience and in the same manner.
  • strips C shown in FIG. 2C in other ways, such as by cutting-out (or stamping, etc.) legs L individually, or such as by folding a U-shaped web (indicated by the dotted line profile in FIG.
  • the base BV may be otherwise formed, such as by inserting a preformed section in cavity SV to fill part or all thereof bonding this with the resin to base portions (b etc.) or the like.
  • the mold body MD-2 may be varied within the contemplation of the invention; for instance, so that the slugs and intermediate slides SL are inserted through top (vs side) openings, communicating with cavity SV', into proper registration, this registration being assured by end-notches in these entrance-openings and the like (slides SL thus being upwardly, rather than laterally, movable to rupture the common interslug-support potting).
  • slides SL may be preferable to form slides SL to comprise a single multitined unit, all slide-tines being projected from a common base with this (ll-tined) unit being insertable as a single structure into the interslug spaces (or two such ll-tined units, one insertable from the left, the other from the right), or the like.
  • each leg may form a somewhat C-shaped member, after the manner of legs 103, 103' shown in FIG. 5, as part of an alternate hammer-module embodiment M.
  • Module M will be understood to be constructed and fabricated like module HM aforedescribed except as indicated.
  • module M comprises an array of six aligned hammer slugs 106, each having an intermediate necked-down (shank) portion 106M, and a pair of bonding cavities (similar to cavities J in FIG. 2) for receiving and bonding support elements 103, 103 which are spaced a distance S (about 15 mils).
  • the bonding resin is poured down these registering bonding cavities to form resin bonds 104, 104 between the supports and the slugs.
  • each support 103, 103' also includes an upper, laterally-projecting tip 103-e, 103'e with the bond-cavity in the slug being fashioned to accommodate this portion and surrounding potting portions 111, 111' being provided to bond these tips onto the slug-shanks 106-M.
  • This will be seen to provide increased support area for bonding to the shank more firmly.
  • the length and area as well as the size of the bonding cavities will, of course, be little more than sufiicient to provide a firm bond, preferably being cut-away to accommodate the tips 103-e, etc., as shown.
  • base is integral with the bond to the supports (as shown) and may be formed in the same operation as the injection of support-potting portions 102, 102.
  • Strip LS-l comprises a pair of outer composite glass fiber resin or the like) structural layers GL-l, GL-2 bonded to an intermediate bond-layer R.
  • layer R may comprise a skrim (web comprising a loosely cross-woven matrix of glass fibers, disposed somewhat centrally, of axis SK) impregnated with a resin suitable for bonding adherently to layers GL (e.g., during curing thereof, together).
  • Each layer GL may comprise a laminate, e.g., two bonded sublayers, each comprising a linear array of glass fiber filaments (sufiicient for the proposed loading and aligned for this, e.g., along loading axis VV as above).
  • Each layer GL may also include a further sublayer for lateral-stiffening (in lateral direction L-L, orthogonal to VV) like the aforementioned composite sublayers, except having its filaments aligned a bit crosswise to loading axis VV, e.g., at a few degrees skew (such as from about l-5). This can improve lateral stability (e.g., for chain-, or train-printers), affording a modicam of lateral support and stiffening along LL.
  • LS- 1 The aforedescribed (outer-double) construction (LS- 1) has been found quite advantageous in certain cases; for instance providing slug-supports with a failure-free operating life of over fifty million impact-cycles.
  • an alternate double-inner construction (having two layers like GL surrounded by bonding layers R on each outer side) was vastly inferior, typically failing after a few hundred thousand cycles (perhaps because the flexing of such a strip overloaded these weaker, outer layers).
  • the structural filaments (on layers GL) should not be woven (or otherwise bent--e.g., a woven glass fiber mesh is entirely unsuitable).
  • glass fiber resin composite per se. This may be done according to the method of Example I as follows:
  • EXAMPLE I Filament.Strands of glass are provided, such as a linear glass fabric material (i.e., nonwoven, linear fibers).
  • Coupling agent-Coat strands with coupling agent finish Coupling agent-Coat strands with coupling agent finish.
  • Resin.To an epoxy resin add about 3-5 by weight of curing agent and mix with about 5-8 parts by weight of liquid nitrile elastomer.
  • the finished fabric will be placed in the strip mold with its glass strands aligned along the prescribed striploading direction and the resin mix infiltrated therebetween as a strand-separating potting matrix, adapted to bond very firmly with the strands.
  • the composite will then be cured ad lib to a satisfactory degree (e.g., about l-120 C. for about 20-45 minutes is typical).
  • the resultant composite strip will be observed to be quite satisfactory for printslug supports, etc., like those aforedescribed. For instance, this strip may be expected to normally exhibit a tensile strength on the order of 1600 p.s.i. and suffer elongation on the order of four to five times.
  • the liquid nitrile elastomer additive is a resin modifier primarily intended to minimize crack-propagation tendencies (no intra-resin damage under severe tensile fatigue exposure). It is a low molecular weight copolymer of butadiene and acrylonitrile (with active sites in the form of carbon-to-carbon unsaturation distributed throughout its molecule).
  • a cure retardant may be desired.
  • Viscosity may be reduced relatively conventionally, such as with a suitable plasticizer like dioctyl phthalate.
  • Antioxidants may also be desired.
  • an appropriate, compatible coupling agent will ordinarily be desired for anchoring the resin, chemically, to the smooth glass surface (which is inapt for mechanical bonding and typically hydrophilic, rather than resinophilic).
  • Another suitable coupling agent for bonding an epoxy resin (and other thermosetting resins) to glass is an organo silane compound, such as amino ethyltriacetoxy silane (e.g., applied as a size, or finish, on the glass; and drying it there).
  • the glass filament material is less critical; for example, a relatively weak E glass will usually be adequate (without need for a high-strength glass (e.g., S glass).
  • each said support strip is fabricated to comprise an elongate composite structure including high-modulus filaments potted in a relatively weak, elastic matrix material, this material being selected to have a prescribed diiferent elasticity from said filaments.
  • each said strip structure is material-selected and fabricated to comprise at least one layer of glass fiber strands aligned along the elongate axis and wherein said potting material comprises a compatible thermosetting resin, said glass and resin materials being prepared so as to bond together very firmly.
  • each said glass fiber-resin strip is material-selected and fabricated to comprise at least one layer of linear nonwoven glass fibers aligned along the prescribed loading direction for said strip and matrix material comprising an epoxy resin arranged to bond very firmly with said glass fibers and formulated to exhibit little crack-propagation or brittleness and exhibit high fatigue strength and high interlaminar shear strength in the contemplated environment; or composite materials functioning equivalently.
  • said matrix resin is formulated from an epoxy resin together with a compatible curing agent and a few parts by weight of a liquid nitrile elastomer or like anti-cracking additive.
  • said glass fiber-resin strip each comprises an outer-double construction comprising a pair of outer glass fiber-resin strips bonded firmly to an intermediate support-bonding matrix including a loosely woven web of glass fibers and a surrounding matrix of bonding resin.
  • each said outer composite-resin layer comprises a linear array of filaments arrayed in one or more layers aligned along a common prescribed filament axis, this axis being skewed on the order of a few degrees from the contemplated strip loading axis, these filaments being potted adherently in an epoxy resin type matrix.
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US3631797A (en) * 1969-10-06 1972-01-04 Ncr Co Hammer for high-speed printer
US3635156A (en) * 1969-10-06 1972-01-18 Ncr Co Fatigue-resistant attachment for highly stressed members such as print hammers
US4200401A (en) * 1978-05-22 1980-04-29 Ledex, Inc. Print wire solenoid
US4660252A (en) * 1986-02-27 1987-04-28 Hobart Corporation Knife roll assembly for a meat tenderizer
US5178476A (en) * 1990-02-02 1993-01-12 Digital Equipment Corporation Apparatus for recording and/or reading information

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JPS51141022A (en) * 1975-05-30 1976-12-04 Canon Kk Printing hammer
JPS51145619A (en) * 1975-06-05 1976-12-14 Canon Kk Method of producing printing hammer unit

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US3334409A (en) * 1964-09-01 1967-08-08 Honeywell Inc Method of flexure mounting print hammers
US3413713A (en) * 1965-06-18 1968-12-03 Motorola Inc Plastic encapsulated transistor and method of making same

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3334409A (en) * 1964-09-01 1967-08-08 Honeywell Inc Method of flexure mounting print hammers
US3413713A (en) * 1965-06-18 1968-12-03 Motorola Inc Plastic encapsulated transistor and method of making same

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3631797A (en) * 1969-10-06 1972-01-04 Ncr Co Hammer for high-speed printer
US3635156A (en) * 1969-10-06 1972-01-18 Ncr Co Fatigue-resistant attachment for highly stressed members such as print hammers
US4200401A (en) * 1978-05-22 1980-04-29 Ledex, Inc. Print wire solenoid
US4660252A (en) * 1986-02-27 1987-04-28 Hobart Corporation Knife roll assembly for a meat tenderizer
US5178476A (en) * 1990-02-02 1993-01-12 Digital Equipment Corporation Apparatus for recording and/or reading information

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1900132B2 (de) 1977-08-11
FR1601163A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-08-10
GB1257038A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-12-15
DE1900132A1 (de) 1969-09-04
DE1900132C3 (de) 1978-08-24

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