US345882A - Territory - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 4 Sneeze-wheat 1. J. M. & M. BRGWMEEG,

MAGAZINE FIRE ARM.

No. 345,882. Patented July 26, 1886.

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(No Model.)

J. M. 8v M. S. BROWNING.

MAGAZINE FIRE ARM.

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S, BROWNING.

MAGAZINE FIRE ARM.

Patents Jul 20, 1886.

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JQ M. & M. $.BR0WNING.

MAGAZINE FIRE ARM.

Patented July 20, 1886.

UNITED STATES JOHN M. BROWNING AND MATTHEW S. BROWNING, OGDEN CITY, UTAH TERRITORY, ASSIGNOR-S TO THE WINCHESTER REPEATING ARMSCOM- PANY, OF NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT.

MAGAZINE FIRE-ARM. I

' SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 345,882, dated July 20, 1886,

Application filed May 3, 1856. Serial No. 200,901. (No model.l

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, JOHN M. BROWNING and MATTHEW S. BROWNING, of Ogden City, in the count y of Weber, and Territory of Utah,

have invented a new Improvement in Magazine Fire-Arms; and we do hereby declare the following, when taken in connection with accompanying drawings and the letters of reference marked thereon, to be a full, clear, and exact to description of the same, and which said drawings constitute part of this specification, and represent, in

Figure 1 a side view of the receiver and ad jacent portions of the arm; Fig. 2, a top view 1 5 of the same, parts broken away-to illustrate the construction; Fig. 3, a longitudinal sectional side view showing the parts in their normal or closed position; Fig. 4, the same, showing the parts in the fully open position; Fig. 5, a trans- 'zc verse section showing front face of the breechpiece, the section cutting through the diagonal slot in the slide when the breechpiece is,in

the closed position; Fig. 6, a transverse section through the receiver cutting in front of the carrier, and showing the carrier in the up position; Fig. Fig. 8,a longitudinal section ofthebreech piece showing a side view of the rear end -of the breech-piece and of the firing-pin; Fig. 9, atop viewof the rear end of the slide E, showing the diagonal slot; Fig. 10, a transverse section through the upper part of the receiver, and cutting through the locking-projection s of the firing-pin, and also showing the interlocking 5 of the breech-piece and carrier; Fig-11, aside view of the breech-piece and of the carrier as the breech-piece commences its locking movement, broken lines indicating the breech-piece in its locked position, as looking the carrier;

0 Fig. 12, a rear end view of the breech-piece; Fig. 13, an under side view of the receiver,

showing the carrier as the cover to close the magazine-charging opening; Fig. 14; an. under side view of the breech-piece; Fig.- 15, a modification of the rib, and groove on the breech-piece.

This invention relates to an improvement;

in that'class of fire-arms in which the breech-- 7, a side view of the breech-piece,

piece is arranged to be movedbackward and forward in axial line with the barrel, andin which the breechpiece is locked when in the closed position by imparting to it a partial rotation, and is an improvement upon the arm for which we have heretofore filed application for Letters Patent, Serial No. 186,852, the object of the 5 invention being to simplify the construction, somewhat, with a view to rapid firing; and the invention consists in the construction hereinafter described,-and particularly recited in the claims.

A represents the receiver, to the forward 1 end of which the barrel B is secured, and be; iow the 'barrel'ist h'e magazine C, substantially parallel with the barrel, andpreferably so as to leave a space between the two, as in our 6 application before referred/to.

D isthe breech-piece, whichis arranged in the receiver in longitudinal line 'withthe' barrel, and so as to be moved backward and forward to open and close the.breecl1 v Between the magazine and barrel is a slide, E, which works longitudinally through theopening in the receiverand in a-position below the breech-piece. At its forward end the slide is provided with ahandle, F, which surrounds the. magazine, and bywhich the slide. may be moved backward and forward, as in our previousapplication; and as in that application the slide is constructed with a diago- ,projecting from the udder side of thebreechpiece, works, asseen-in Figs. 5 and 9, and substantiallyas in our previous patent, and so that underthe first part of the rear movement of the slide E the diagonal slot G will cause 8 the stud H to traverse through the diagonal 7 slot G, and thereby impart rotationto the breech-piece, as indicated in broken lines, Fig. -5, and also as the slide approaches its extreme, forward or closing position it will 0 cause the stud H to return through the slot G and. correspondingly return-the breech-piece. This rotative movement of the breech-piece producesthe unlocking and lockingoperation.

The breech-pieceis constructed with a lon- 5 gitudinal rib, 1,. on one, say, the right-hand,

nal'slot, G, at its rear end, in which a stud, H,

' to receiver;

' In Fig. 5 the rib Iis shown in the locked.

positiomand stands flush with the sideof the but as the breech-piece is rotated.

as before described, the rib I .rises until it passes above the shoulder J and into line with an opening, K, rearward through the receiver, and so that whenin that position the breech- I 5 piece may move rearward, the rib passing through "the opening K, and, say, to the, ex-

treme open position indicated in Fig. 4. Then as the breech-piece is returned under the for- .ward movement of the slide E, and as it arrives atits extreme forward or closed position, the diagonal slot G in the slide E will impart the return .or looking movement to the breech piece, an so as to bring the rib I forward of the shouider J. The slideE is constructed with an opening, I vertically through it, so that when it is in the extreme rear position there is an opening through the top of the receiver forward, of the breech-piece and down through the slide into the part of the receiver below, where the carrier isarranged, as in our previous application.

M represents the carrier, which is hung at the rearupon a pivot, N, here represented as the same pivot upon which the hammer O is ear 40 Fig. 3,.

hung. Theearrieris constructed with a shoulder, P, forward of its pivot, and distant from the forwardend of the recess in the receiver equal to the length of-a cartridge, as seen in and so that as the cartridge passes from the magazine onto the carrier it will abut against the shoulder P as a stop to arrest the column'of cartridges, and as seen in that figure. The carrier is raised during the last part 5 of the rear movement of the breech-piece by the rear endof the slide striking against an upward-projecting arm, R, from the hub of the carrier, and so that as the breech-piece reaches its extreme open position the carrier will have been raised from the closed position seen in Fig. 3 to that seen in 'Fig. 4. It is desirable that as the cartridge is raised it shall assume a position in axial line with the barrel, as seen in Fig. 4. To do this, various deviceshave been applied to the carrier to raise the rear end of the cartridge faster than the forward end. I To obviate the complicated mechanism necessary to so raise the cartridge, 'we construct the receiver with one side overhanging the breech-piece or opening, as indicated at 'S, Figs-2 and 6, and so that the openinginto the receiver is at one side, as seen at 'I, Fig. 6, and

so that as the cartridge rises its forward end will'strike beneath the overhang S, and then as the carrier rises it bears upon the under side of the cartridge in rear of its for ward end;

'when the carrier is in the down cartridges.

hence the forward end resting under the overhang S, the rear end rises accordingly, and until the body of the cartridge comes into line along the under side of the overhanging portion S, and in that position the cartridge is grasped between the'forward end of the carrier and the overhanging poition of the receiver above, and will be there held'until the breech-piece advances to force the cartridge forward into the barrel. The carrier is pro ,y'idedwith a spring, which works against a cam, W, on the hub of the carrier, the tendency of the spring being to force the carrier upward after it shall have arrived'at the holdingposition just described, and as seen in Fig. 4, making the pressure of the carrier upon the under side of the cartridge somewhat yielding;

Through the under side of the receiver. an opening, Y, ismade, through which cartridges may be inserted into the magazine, such chargingofthe magazine being made while thecarrier is in the raised position, as seen in Fig. 4; and that the column of cartridges may be held against the pressure of spring we hang a dog, a, in the forward-end of the receiver upon a pivot, b, and so that the dog may swing up or down in the carrier, the nose d of the dog extending forward of the forward end of the carrier, but so thatposition, as seen in Fig. 3, it is out of the path of the column of cartridges, and so that the cartridges may pass freely from the magazine onto the carrier; out when one cartridge stands against the shoulder P, as seen in Fig. 3, the head of the next cartridge in the magazine is in a position forward of the dog apand so that as the carrier rises the dog will come to the rear U, (see Figs. 3 and 4,)

the magazine- I of the next cartridge in the magazine next to the one which is upon the carrier, and serve as astop to arrest the column of cartridges, As the carrier approaches its up position, an arm, 6,

strikes acorresponding shoulder,f, III the side ric which extends therefrom to one side,

of the reeeiver,-as seen in Fig. 6, which causes the forward end of the dog to turn downward, as seen in Fig. 4, and there rest rear end of the last cartridge in the magazine, and so as to serve as a stop for the column of The spring U, before referredto, holdsthe carrier spend the dog consequently down, under the'yielding pressure. Therefore, when n the position seen in Fig. 4, if a cartridge be introduced through the opening Y, under the magazine, it first strikes the nose of the dog a, forward of the that shoulder serves as'a' fulcrum for the dog, and upon which it will turn as a lever, and so that as the nose is pressed upward, as indicated iii broken lines, Fig. 4,-its rear or pivot end will be correspondingly turned downward, together with the carrier M, the spring U yielding for such movement of-the carrier, and so that so soon as the cartridge has so far entered that it may escape from the nose of the dog, then the reaction of the spring U will against the re-raise the carrier and throw the dog downward, it being understood that the arm 0 and the shoulderfare between the pivot 12 and the forward end or pse d of the dog-the arm a indicated in broken lines in Fig. 3, and the shoulder f, against which it strikes, also seen in the same figure. The dog therefore serves not only to hold back the column of cartridges in the magazine, but also .serves as a latch to facilitate the charging of. the magazine. The

overhanging top S of the receiver is recessed cartridge engaged therewith, by-the usual extractor, k, upon the side of the" breechpiece oppositethe projection Land as the breech piece,with the cartridge connected thereto, ap

pro-aches its rear position, the side of the cartridge opposite the extractor will strike the shoulder '2', and then as the breech-piece completes its rear movement the forward end of. the cartridge will be turned outward through the opening below the overhang S and ejected from the receiver, the recess 9 facilitating sucheject-ion of the cartridge by giving a greater freedom at the rear end. This recess 9 also facilitates the introduction of a cartridge directly into the barrel through the opening below the overhang, as for a single loader, it making space for the thumb to reach the head of the cartridge in such operation.

To prevent the cartridge from being thrown beyond the shoulder P on the carrier, and also to support the cartridge during its rise. and prevent its escape from the shoulder P, we construct a fixed abutment, h, in the receiver, which extends upward through a slot in the carrier, and corresponding to the shoulder P, the abutment projecting so far above the carrier as to form a bearing or rest for the cartridge during its rising movement, and so that as the rear end passes upward from the shoulder P on the carrier it will still be supported by the stationary abutment h, so that practiposition,

cally the shoulder P on the carrier may be dispensed' with. The carrier works upward through the opening carrier is returned as the brcech-piececloses bytherear end of the opening L coming upon the upper side of the carrier, such movement turning the carrier down so far as to permit the complete closing of the breech-piece. Then as the breech piece reachesits extreme closed an upward projection, Z, from the arm R. on the carrier, stands in the path of a circumferential cam, m, on the breech-piece, (see Fig. 1l,)'and so that as the breech-piece is rotated to its home or locked positiomts'een in Fig. 10,)the cam m on the breech-piece is turned down in rear of the projection l on the arm R, and returns the carrier to its down position, and locks it in that position until the L in the slide, and the projection s,

breech-piece is again opened. The carrier in its down position closes the opening in the bottom of the receiver, as seen in Fig. 3; and 7c.

when the parts are in the normal condition this closing of the recess at the bottom of the receiver is securely locked.-

To prevent the accidental unlocking ot' the breech-piece when in its closed position, and

so that if the hammer stands at full-cock, as desirable fonimmediate use, the breech-piece may not be displaced, we provide a lock for it by means of the firing-pin. n represents the firing-pin. (see Fig. 8,) which is arranged lon- 8o 'gitudinally through the breech piece, and provided with a spring, 7, as a resistance to cause a rel reating movement of the firing-pin, in the usual, manner for such firing-pins. At the rear end of the breech-piece the firing-pin is provided with a lateral projection, s, in line with a corresponding groove, t, in the receiver, into which groove theprojections stands when the breech-piece is in its closed position, the

breech-piece having its rotary movement independent of the firiug-pin-that is,the firing pin is prevented from rotation during the looking and unlocking rotative movement of the breech-piece. The side of the breech-piece is constructed with a circumferential recess,

u, into which the projection 8 may turn in the unlocking movement of the breechpiece,

the spring 1' of the firing-pin having a tendency to force the projection against the rear end of the recess a; and at,this rear end lOt of the recess u is a shoulder, w, beneath which the projection s-may' be thrown when the breech-pieceis in its locked position, but when. the hammer rests against the firing-pin the power of the main spring is greater than that I of the spring 1', then the firing-pin is forced forward away from the shoulder w, as indicated, in broken lines, Fig. 7. and as seen in Fig. 3; but when the'hammer is drawn away from the breech-piece while the breech-piece is locked. r to the spring 1' will force the tiring pin rearward and force the projection s beneath the shoulder to on the breechpiece, as seen in Fig. 7, thus locking the breech-piece in its closed position so long as the firing-pin stands in its n5 rear position -but by pressing the firing-pin forward, as indicated in broken lines, Figs. '1 and 8, either by hand or by the hammer resting thereon, the shoulder 10 may escape the to unlock it, and in suchrotation of the breech-piece it will bring the shoulder 10 below the projections, asindicated in Fig. i 8, where the firing-pin will rest during the to be rotated opening movement. and until the breech-piece pin forward, asindicated in broken lines, Fig.

7, and until the projection may escape from the shoulder to and be thrown rearward to relock the breech-piece.

The breech-piece is constructed with the and thus permit the breech-piece 12o usual groove upon its under side, as seen in Fig. 5, to permit it to pass over the nose of the hammer, the breeehpiece itself turning the hammer to the full-cocked position during the first part of its rear movement.

' We have represented the locking-rib as working through an open groove in the receiver; but this'groove may be covered, as

seen in Fig. that is to say, need not extend entirely through the receiver. We claimceiver,- a barrel attached to and opening into said receiver, a breech-piece arranged-in said receiver to work backward and forward in longitudinal line with the barrel, said breechpiece also adapted for partial rotative movement and constructed wit-ha radially-projecting'rib, I, the stationary shoulder J in the receiver, and the receiver constructed with a.

groove from said shoulder rearward, through whichthe said rib .II-may pass in the opening vided with a handle,

and closing movement of the breech-piece, a

slid'e'arranged beneath the barrel and prowherebylongitudinal reciprocatingmovement maybe imparted to said slide, the said slide extending through a slot in the receiver beneath the barrel, its rear end constructed with the diagonal slot G, and

thebreech-piece provided with 2. corresponding stud, H, to work in said slot, substantially as described.

2. In a magazine fire arm, having a longitudinally-movable breech-piece, the receiver' constructed with an opening through one side into the receiver; in rear of the barrel,

- and so as toleave an overhang, S, over the recess in the receiver, the combination there with of a carrierhung at the rear beneath the breech-piece, and so. as toswing up' and down in the transfer of cartridges from the magazine, substantially as described, and whereby as the carrier rises to transfer a cartridge to a position forward of the front face 0f the;

breechpiece the said cartridge will be grasped between the said overhang above and the carrier below and in longitudinal linewiththe breech-piece.

3. In a-magazine fire arm having a longitudinally-movable breech-piece, the "receiver constructed with an opening through one side into thereceiver in rear of the barrel, and'so v transfer of cartridgesfro'm the -m'agazine,..the said overhang constructed with 'a' transverse rear end,,substantially as asto leave an overhang, S, over the recess in the'receiver, the combinatioin therewith of a carrier hung at the rear beneath the breech-' piece, and was to swing up and down in the recess,,'g, near its described.

4. Ina magazine fire-arm in which the maga- 7 zinc is arranged beneath the barrel, the comoeiverat the rear beneath the breech -piace bination therewith of a carrienhung in the reand adapted to swing upward and downward end or nose of the said dog will be turned 1. In afire arm, the combination of a redownward, substantially as and for the purpose described, I

5. In a magazine fire-arm,substantially such as described, the combination, with the co-operativc parts thereof, of the carrier M, hung at the rear and adapted to swing up and down in the transfer of a cartridge,the fixed abutment h in the receiver,,forward of the pivot upon which the carrier is hung and extending up through the carrier, substantially as and for the purpose described.

6. In a magazine fire-arm in which the magazine is arranged beneath the barrel and opening into the receiver, the combination therewith of a breech-piece arranged in said receiver to work backward and forward in longitudinal line with the barrel, the said breechpiece also adapted for partial rotativc movemeut, a carrier arranged beneath the breechpiece and hung upon a pivot at the rear and adapted to swing-up and down inthe transfer of a cartridge, the carrier constructed with an upward projectioml, from its hub, and the breech-piece constructed with a correspond ing cam, m, to engage said projection Z on the carrier when-the breechpiece is in its closed position, substantially as and for the purpose described.

7.' In a fire-arm, the combination of a re? IIO .the firing-pin rearward, the breech-piece constructed with a shoulder, w, adapted to engage the said projection s on the firing-pin when the breech-pieceisin its locked position, substantial'ly as described.

JOHN nnowmud. MATTHEW s. BROWNING.

" 'Witnesses:

'JAMEs Prnennn, .H. S. YOUNG.

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