US3446439A - Liquid fuel burners - Google Patents

Liquid fuel burners Download PDF

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Publication number
US3446439A
US3446439A US618565A US3446439DA US3446439A US 3446439 A US3446439 A US 3446439A US 618565 A US618565 A US 618565A US 3446439D A US3446439D A US 3446439DA US 3446439 A US3446439 A US 3446439A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
liquid fuel
burner
central
atomizer head
bore
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US618565A
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English (en)
Inventor
Iain Brown Campbell
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Babcock International Ltd
Original Assignee
Babcock and Wilcox Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Babcock and Wilcox Ltd filed Critical Babcock and Wilcox Ltd
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3446439A publication Critical patent/US3446439A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/10—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying being induced by a gaseous medium, e.g. water vapour
    • F23D11/101—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying being induced by a gaseous medium, e.g. water vapour medium and fuel meeting before the burner outlet
    • F23D11/104—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying being induced by a gaseous medium, e.g. water vapour medium and fuel meeting before the burner outlet intersecting at a sharp angle, e.g. Y-jet atomiser

Definitions

  • This invention relates to liquid fuel burners and, more particularly, to a liquid fuel burner arranged to be positioned in an air register which supplies air in a flow substantially parallel to the burner axis, an impellor plate with circumferentially spaced openings is positioned adjacent the burner head to impart a degree of whirl to the combustion air being supplied to an atomized spray of liquid fuel discharged from the burner head.
  • British patent specification No. 579,591 describes an atomizer comprising a barrel at the end of which is provided a sprayer plate which has an imperforate central part and which is formed with passages of circular crosssection diverging from an inner space adapted to be fed with elastic fluid and directed with their longitudinal axes lying on and spaced around a frustrum of a cone and other passages also of circular cross-section respectively making junctures with the first passages at locations remote from the outlets thereof and extending from an outer space adapted to be fed with liquid fuel.
  • an atomizer head for a liquid fuel burner including mixing chambers distributed around the central axis of the head with their longitudinal axes diverging in the general direction of discharge, each chamber being provided with an inlet duct for liquid fuel and an inlet duct for elastic atomizing fluid arranged to connect with spaces defined by co-axial tubes in a barrel portion of the liquid fuel burner, wherein the atomizer head is formed with a central passage of circular cross-section discharging elastic atomizing fluid along the central axis of the atomizer head.
  • FIGURE 1 is a sectional side elevation of an oil burner together with an associated impellor and air register and which shows a portion of the wall of a furnace chamber;
  • FIGURE 2 is a sectional side elevation of an atomizer head and part of a barrel at the front of the oil burner;
  • FIGURE 3 is a front elevation corresponding to FIG- URE 2.
  • an oil burner 2 disposed axially of a burner opening 4 in an associated furnace wall 6, the outer end of the opening communicating with an air register 8 provided in an air box 10 mounted on the furnace chamber wall.
  • An impellor 12 is mounted on a distance piece tube 14 adjacent the forward end of the oil burner and is formed with circumferentially spaced openings through which a central portion of the combustion air is admitted to the spray of atomized oil upon discharge thereof from the forward end of the oil burner, the air passing through the impellor 12 being circumferentially deflected by blades of the impellor.
  • the distance piece tube 14 is mounted on a tail piece 16 coupled by a yoke 18 to a rear portion 20 of the oil burner.
  • the tail piece 16 is formed with inlet connections (not shown) communicating respectively with a steam passage 22 and an oil passage 24 in the rear end portion 20.
  • a burner barrel including inner and outer co-axially disposed tubes 26, 28, with the inner tube 26 threaded into the rear end portion 20 and communicating with the steam passage 22 and the outer tube 28 movably sealed to, the rear end portion 20, for example, in a manner similar to that described in British patent specification No. 891,195, and the space intermediate the inner and outer tubes in communication with the oil supply passage 24.
  • an atomizer head 30 of cylindrical form has an internally threaded, central, well portion 32 formed with an annular seat 34 at the rearward end face thereof is screwed onto the forward end of the inner tube 26 to compress a gasket 36 between the annular seat 34 and a complementary seat 38 provided on a collar 40, to form a leak-tight joint.
  • An outer, circumferential, flange 42 on the atomizer head is formed with an annular seat 44 at the rearward face thereof and compresses a gasket 46 against a complementary seat 48 formed on the forward end face of the outer tube 28 by the action of a cap nut 50 co-acting with an external thread on the forward end of the tube 28 and bearing against a shoulder 52 on the atomizer head to form a leak-tight joint between the atomizer head and the outer tube.
  • a frusto-conical surface 54 formed as a chamfer on the front end of the atomizer head is penetrated perpendicu larly by seven, equiangularly spaced, stepped bores 56 communicating with a conical forward end 58 of the well portion.
  • a second frusto-conical surface 60 is provided at the rear end of the atomizer head and is penetrated perpendicularly with bores 62 connecting respective stepped bores 56, at the part of larger diameter thereof, with the space intermediate the inner and outer tubes 26, 28.
  • the front end of the atomizer head is penetrated by a single, central bore 64, also of stepped form, communicating with the conical forward end 58 of the well portion at the apex thereof.
  • a third surface 66 in the form of a short length of a frustrum of a cone is machined on the rear end of the atomizer head and is perpendicularly penetrated by a bore 68 connecting the central bore 64 at the part of larger diameter thereof, with the space intermediate the inner and outer tubes 26, 28.
  • the diameter of the bore 68 is somewhat greater than the diameter of the narrow part of the central bore 64 and the diameter of the larger part of the central bore 64 is such that the cross-sectional area of the larger part of bore 64 is equal to, or slightly less than, the sum of the cross-sectional area of the bore 68 and the cross-sectional area of the narrower part of bore 64, thereby assisting the mixing of streams of oil and steam in the part of larger diameter of bore 64 and atomization of oil which is supplied through the bore 68 and which intersects the axis of the central passage 64 at an acute angle, thereby further assisting the mixing and atomization process.
  • steam is supplied to the interior of the inner tube 26 and oil is supplied to the space intermediate the inner and outer tubes 26, 28 and pass through the respective bores to the peripherally arranged stepped bores 56 and the central bore 64.
  • the parts of larger diameter of the various stepped bores serve as mixing chambers in which the steam and oil are intimately mixed and from which the steam and oil mixture is discharged as a finely atomized spray, the sprays from the peripherally arranged stepped bores 56 combining to form a spray of approximately frusto-conical form and the central passage discharging a stream of atomized mixture axially of the burner barrel.
  • the stream of mixture discharged from the central passage 64 tends to stabilize the combined flame adjacent the burner following ignition of the mixture from an adjacent burner when combustion air is discharged at relatively high velocityfrom the air register 8 with little or no swirl imparted thereto. Furthermore the stream of mixture discharged from the central passage 64 substantially reduces any tendency for carbon deposits to form on the forward end of the atomizer head during operation of the burner.
  • the bore 68 connecting the central passage 64 with the space intermediate the tubes 26, 2.8 is omitted and steam alone is supplied to the central passage which is of constant diameter throughout.
  • Such an arrangement also substantially reduces any tendency for carbon deposits to form on the burner head during operation and also enhances stabilization of the flame after ignition from an adjacent burner.
  • liquid fuel such as, for example, naphtha
  • elastic atomizing fluids such as, for example, air
  • the liquid fuel may be supplied to the interior of the inner tube 26 and the elastic atomizing fluids supplied to the space intermediate the inner and outer tubes 26, 28.
  • the passage is terminated short of penetrating the atomizer head and connects solely with the space intermediate the inner and outer tubes 26, 28 through the bore 68.
  • a liquid fuel atomizing assembly comprising a tubular barrel, means defining within said barrel a pair of separate passages extending the length thereof, means for supplying liquid fuel to be atomized to one of said passages extending the length thereof, means for supplying an elastic atomizing fluid to the other of said passages, a one piece atomizer head connected to said barrel, said atomizer head including mixing chambers distributed around the central axis of the head, the longitudinal axis of said chambers diverging in the general direction of discharge, a central mixing chamber discharging along the central axis of the atomizer head, each chamber having a separate inlet duct for liquid fuel and a separate inlet duct for elastic atomizing fluid, said ducts being arranged to connect the chambers with said barrel passages, said central mixing chamber having an inlet duct for elastic atomizing fluid of greater cross-sectional area than the inlet duct for liquid fuel discharging thereto.
  • a liquid fuel atomizing assembly has a flat forward end face and includes a cylindrical body having an internally threaded, central, well portion formed with an annular seat at the rearward end face thereof for engagement with a complementary seat provided on a collar on the inner co-axial tube of the barrel, an outer, circumferential, flange formed with an annular seat at the rearward face thereof for engagement with a complementary seat formed on the forward end face of the outer co-axial tube of the barrel by the action of an associated cap nut co-acting with an external thread on the forward end of the outer co-axial tube, a first frusto-conical surface formed as a chamber on the front end of the cylindrical body penetrated perpendicularly by stepped bores communicating with a conical forward end of the well portion, a second frusto-conical surface at the rear end of the cylindrical body in register with the space intermediate the inner and outer co-axial tubes of the barrel and penetrated perpendicularly with bores respectively communicating with the stepped
  • a liquid fuel atomizing assembly according to claim 4 wherein said atomizer head includes a third surface in the form of a part of a frustrum of a cone is provided at the rear end of the cylindrical body in register with the space intermediate the inner and outer co-axial tubes of the barrel and is penetrated perpendicularly by a bore communicating with the central bore in an enlarged forward end portion thereof.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Nozzles For Spraying Of Liquid Fuel (AREA)
  • Spray-Type Burners (AREA)
US618565A 1966-02-22 1967-02-20 Liquid fuel burners Expired - Lifetime US3446439A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB770566 1966-02-22

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3446439A true US3446439A (en) 1969-05-27

Family

ID=9838197

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US618565A Expired - Lifetime US3446439A (en) 1966-02-22 1967-02-20 Liquid fuel burners

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3446439A (US07223432-20070529-C00017.png)
BE (1) BE694462A (US07223432-20070529-C00017.png)
DE (1) DE1551643A1 (US07223432-20070529-C00017.png)
FR (1) FR1512661A (US07223432-20070529-C00017.png)
NL (1) NL6702531A (US07223432-20070529-C00017.png)
SE (1) SE346154B (US07223432-20070529-C00017.png)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4699587A (en) * 1985-05-23 1987-10-13 Ishikawajima-Harima Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Burner
US5829683A (en) * 1995-12-27 1998-11-03 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes George Claude Device for atomizing a liquid fuel using an atomizing gas

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2933259A (en) * 1958-03-03 1960-04-19 Jean F Raskin Nozzle head
US2942790A (en) * 1959-01-23 1960-06-28 Gen Electric Air-atomizing liquid spray nozzle
FR1259910A (fr) * 1960-06-17 1961-04-28 Babcock & Wilcox France Perfectionnements aux brûleurs à combustibles liquides
US3072344A (en) * 1960-12-19 1963-01-08 Babcock & Wilcox Ltd Unitary y-jet spray head assembly
US3363840A (en) * 1964-05-25 1968-01-16 Babcock & Wilcox Ltd Liquid fuel burners

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2933259A (en) * 1958-03-03 1960-04-19 Jean F Raskin Nozzle head
US2942790A (en) * 1959-01-23 1960-06-28 Gen Electric Air-atomizing liquid spray nozzle
FR1259910A (fr) * 1960-06-17 1961-04-28 Babcock & Wilcox France Perfectionnements aux brûleurs à combustibles liquides
US3072344A (en) * 1960-12-19 1963-01-08 Babcock & Wilcox Ltd Unitary y-jet spray head assembly
US3363840A (en) * 1964-05-25 1968-01-16 Babcock & Wilcox Ltd Liquid fuel burners

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4699587A (en) * 1985-05-23 1987-10-13 Ishikawajima-Harima Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Burner
US5829683A (en) * 1995-12-27 1998-11-03 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes George Claude Device for atomizing a liquid fuel using an atomizing gas

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL6702531A (US07223432-20070529-C00017.png) 1967-08-23
DE1551643A1 (de) 1970-03-19
SE346154B (US07223432-20070529-C00017.png) 1972-06-26
FR1512661A (fr) 1968-02-09
BE694462A (US07223432-20070529-C00017.png) 1967-07-31

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