US3441803A - Lightning arrester - Google Patents

Lightning arrester Download PDF

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Publication number
US3441803A
US3441803A US578204A US3441803DA US3441803A US 3441803 A US3441803 A US 3441803A US 578204 A US578204 A US 578204A US 3441803D A US3441803D A US 3441803DA US 3441803 A US3441803 A US 3441803A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
arrester
housing
strip
bending
gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US578204A
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English (en)
Inventor
Hanspeter Christener
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BBC Brown Boveri AG Germany
BBC Brown Boveri France SA
Original Assignee
BBC Brown Boveri France SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BBC Brown Boveri France SA filed Critical BBC Brown Boveri France SA
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3441803A publication Critical patent/US3441803A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T1/00—Details of spark gaps
    • H01T1/15—Details of spark gaps for protection against excessive pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C3/00—Selection of compositions for coating the surfaces of moulds, cores, or patterns
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T1/00—Details of spark gaps
    • H01T1/12—Means structurally associated with spark gap for recording operation thereof

Definitions

  • a lightning arrester comprises a stack of arrester components such as are quenching gaps and resistances enclosed within a housing which is closed at both ends by spring-loaded valve plates but Which open in response to creation of an over-pressure within the housing and vent the gases through a discharge channel to atmosphere.
  • the mouth of each discharge channel is normally blocked by a cover strip but the free ends of these cover strips are bent when subjected to the over pressure within the housing in a direction towards each other to establish electrodes between which an arc can be struck outside of the housing.
  • the bent strips also serve as a visual signal that the arrester has faulted.
  • This invention relates to the art of lightning arresters and more particularly to an improved arrangement whereby a safety, pressure relieving device provided for the arrester and'which responds in the event of a fault within the arrester, has associated with it a visual signal so that one may readily detect any arrester which has faulted.
  • lightning arresters of the type in which the active parts, such as a stack of arc quenching gaps and resistors, are enclosed by a gas-tight housing of porcelain are customarily provided with a safety device in the form of a safety valve which responds when a predetermined over-pressure of gas within the housing arises as a result of a fault in the active part structure, thereby to effect release of the gas to the outside of the porcelain housing and prevent the housing from breaking.
  • the safety device thus prevents the porcelain housing from exploding.
  • the arrester is equipped with a device by means of which the response of the explosion. guard is visually indicated, so that it can be immediately recognized by personnel from a considerable distance, thereby informing one that a particular arrester has become damaged.
  • it is known to close off the ou let openings of the pressure-relieving valve or valves by metal bands which rupture in the event of a sudden over-pressure within the arrester housing as the 3,441,8G3 Patented Apr. 29, 1969 relief valves open.
  • the ruptured band provides visual indication of a faulted arrester, it has the disadvantage that parts of the band usually fly off and thus present a danger to personnel. Moreover, flying parts of the bands are liable to damage other equipment located in the vicinity of the arresters.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an improved form of a visual indicator for a faulted arrester and which remains in place after the fault takes place.
  • the improved visual indicator is constituted by a cover strip for the gas outlet opening from the relief valve, this cover strip being initially plane and secured in place at only one side thereof to the arrester structure, so that the strip will yield in a bending strain along a line adjacent its securing point as a bending stress is imposed upon it by the discharging, high-pressure gases.
  • the cover strip may be made without any particular structural arrangements for establishing the line of bending, or special provisions may be made for this purpose such as by providing a transversely extending, strip weakening, notch at the desired location, or by longitudinally reinforcing one portion of the strip so that one longitudinal portion of the strip has a greater rigidity against bending stresses than another.
  • the improved cover strip when bent out, also functions as an electrode for the ensuing are established outside of the arrester housing, in addition to its visual, fault indicating function.
  • FIG. 1 is a view in central vertical section of a lightning arrester structure in which bendable, cover strips closing the gas outlets of the pressure relief valves are provided at each end of the arrester;
  • FIG. 2 is a view similar to FIG. 1 but showing the cover strips after having been bent by the over-pressure gases issuing from the relief valves following a fault within the arrester;
  • FIGS. 3a and 3b are views, before and after bending, of a modified construction for the cover strip, this embodiment featuring a transverse weakness line established by a notch or recess across the strip adjacent its securing point to facilitate the desired bending action;
  • FIGS. 4a and 4b are views, also before and after bending, of a further modified constructioni for the cover strip, this embodiment featuring a longitudinally extending humped reinforcement terminating adjacent the securing point for the strip so as to develop the desired bending action adjacent the end of the reinforcement;
  • FIG. 5 is a plan view of still another embodiment for the cover strip, this strip having an arcuate configuration, being secured at only one point intermediate its ends and provided with lines of bending weakness to each side of the center point of security so that each end of the strip will bend upwardly when subjected to the over-pressure discharging gases.
  • the lightning arrester is seen to be comprised of stack 1 of active elements such as, for example, arc gaps 1a and resistors lb arranged electrically in series. Since this is a conventional arrangement, the actual structure of these active elements has not been detailed and hence, has been illustrated only diagrammatically.
  • the stack 1 of active arrester elemens is enclosed by a porcelain housing 2, and the opposite ends of this housing are enclosed by movable end plates and 6 and associated hollow end fittings 3 and 4, the plates 5 and 6 being loaded by helical springs 5a and 6a, respectively into closed, sealing position against the end walls of housing 2 with the aid of sealing rings 5b, 612.
  • each spring bears against an inner wall of the corresponding end fitting, and the opposite end of each spring is seated in a centrally located recess 5c, 60, respectively provided in the end plates 5 and 6.
  • the stack 1 of active arrester elements is held within housing 2 in a spring cushioned manner, one end of the stack being rested against an inner centrally raised portion 6d of end plate 6 and the opposite end of the stack being pressed against one end of a helical spring 5d, the other end of this spring being seated in another central, lower recess Se in end plate 5 located in alignment with the upper recess 50.
  • the spring-loaded end plates 5 and 6 function as safety valves which respond in the event of any fault within the arrester housing that results in creation of an overpressure of such magnitude that it would cause an explosion of the housing were it not safely vented to the exterior.
  • the space 7 within the hollow end fitting 3 serves as a passageway for gas discharge when safety valve 5 opens, and similarly spaces within fitting 4 serves as a passageway for gas discharged through safety valve 6.
  • the outlet ends of the gas discharge passageways 7 and 8 are normally shut by initially planar cover strips 9 and respectively, and which are secured in position across the mouths of the passageways at only one end thereof by bolts 911, 10a respectively to ear portions 3a, 4a of the end fittings.
  • the free ends 9b and 10b of the strips move towards each other and reach a final position where they will serve as electrodes between which an outer are 11 strikes and starts to burn practically immediately after the start of the arrester fault, this are burning in a direction parallel to the arrester housing 2 and which by its electrical shunting action then relieves the active parts 1a, 1b of the arrester.
  • the cover strips 9 and 10 have no particular structural feature designed to establish the desired bending action, this being attained by the bending forces which arise naturally as a result of the fact that the strips are secured only at one end.
  • bending weakness lines may be established in the cover strips to facilitate the desired bending action.
  • FIGS. 3a and 3b showing one modification, before and after bending.
  • the cover strip 12 includes a hole 13 at one end thereof to permit it to be secured by a bolt to an end fitting of the arrester in the same manner as for the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • Strip 12 also ining stress imposed upon the strip so that the strip will be certain to bend about a line coincident with the recess to the position shown in FIG. 3b.
  • FIGS. 4a and 4b illustrate a second modification for inducing the bending strain to take place in the cover strip at the desired location.
  • cover strip 15 has tacked to it a humpshaped reinforcement 16 which extends longitudinally from one end thereof to a point adjacent the fastening hole 17 at the opposite end portion of the strip.
  • the reinforcement 16 obviously makes that portion of the composite strip structure more rigid than the remainder, so that the bending forces derived from the discharged gas will be concentrated along a transverse line 18 adjacent the fastening hole 17, thus assuring bending of the strip at this location.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates a somewhat different embodiment of the invention which is applicable for use on lightning arresters which have circular discharge openings for the gas when the relief valves open.
  • the cover strip is constituted by three arcuately configured sections 19 each spanning approximately of the complete circular discharge opening.
  • Each section 19 is secured at only one piont thereof, as in principle with the other embodiments, but the point of security is located at the center 20 of each section so that the opposite end portions of each section will bend about trans verse Weakness lines established by recesses 21 to each side of the center securing point 20.
  • a lightning arrester comprising a housing enclosing an arrangement of arrester elements, valve means located at opposite ends of said housing and which are responsive to gas pressure generated within said housing by a fault in said elements for placing the interior of said housing in communication with a passageway at the corresponding end of said housing leading to the exterior of said housing thereby to vent the gas and prevent exposion of said housing, and a cover strip placed across the gas outlet from each of said passageways, said cover strips being secured in position at only one point along the same so as to enable the pressure of the gas issuing from said outlets to bend a free end of each of said strip in a direction away from the outlet and towards each other thereby venting the gas and simultaneously establishing a gap between the free ends of said strips between which an arc can be struck outside of the housing shunting the arrester elements, said bent strips also serving as a visual signal that the arrester has faulted.
  • each said cover strip is provided with a transversely extending line of structural weakness to facilitate the desired bending strain.
  • each said gas outlet from the appertaining passageway UNITED STATES PATENTS has an arcuate configuration and each said cover strip is Secured at one point only intermediate the end of the 2,896,049 7/1959 Maiel 317-12 X strip so that opposite end portions of the strip bend out- 3,096,461 7/ 1963 Gfundmark 31 1 X wardly, 5 4 ,20 4/ 1966 M11161 317--12 6.
  • each said outlet from said passageway has a circular con- JOHN COUCH Primary Exammer' figuration and each said cover strip is comprised of a plu- TRA Assistant Examine rality of arcuate sections arranged in end to end relation, each said arcuate section being secured at only one point 10 US. Cl. X.R. intermediate the ends of the strip so that opposite end 313-231; 317-69 portions of the strip bend outwardly.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermistors And Varistors (AREA)
  • Silicates, Zeolites, And Molecular Sieves (AREA)
  • Mold Materials And Core Materials (AREA)
  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)
US578204A 1965-09-17 1966-09-09 Lightning arrester Expired - Lifetime US3441803A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH1291365A CH423954A (de) 1965-09-17 1965-09-17 Uberspannungsableiter

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3441803A true US3441803A (en) 1969-04-29

Family

ID=4387546

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US578204A Expired - Lifetime US3441803A (en) 1965-09-17 1966-09-09 Lightning arrester

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3441803A (cs)
JP (1) JPS4939752B1 (cs)
AT (1) AT269262B (cs)
CH (1) CH423954A (cs)
DE (2) DE1290241B (cs)
GB (1) GB1086548A (cs)
SE (1) SE317434B (cs)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4939618A (en) * 1986-06-23 1990-07-03 Amco Partnership Lightning protected electric fence controller system and method

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH654145A5 (en) * 1981-04-03 1986-01-31 Sprecher & Schuh Ag Overvoltage suppressor
DE3604785A1 (de) * 1986-02-13 1987-08-20 Siemens Ag Metallgekapselte, gasisolierte hochspannungsanlage mit einem ueberspannungsableiter
FR2638032B1 (fr) * 1988-10-14 1991-05-24 Ferraz Indicateur pour la signalisation de la mise en court-circuit d'un parafoudre
DE9114844U1 (de) * 1991-11-29 1992-02-06 Aeg Kabel Ag, 4050 Moenchengladbach Gehäuse für eine Kabelmantel-Auskreuzungsanordnung

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2896049A (en) * 1954-02-20 1959-07-21 Bosch Gmbh Robert Electrical apparatus
US3096461A (en) * 1960-11-19 1963-07-02 Asea Ab Lightning arrester with resilient sealing lid
US3246205A (en) * 1962-07-19 1966-04-12 Imrich M Miller Capacitor protective device

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1161634B (de) * 1960-11-14 1964-01-23 Westinghouse Electric Corp UEberspannungsableiter

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2896049A (en) * 1954-02-20 1959-07-21 Bosch Gmbh Robert Electrical apparatus
US3096461A (en) * 1960-11-19 1963-07-02 Asea Ab Lightning arrester with resilient sealing lid
US3246205A (en) * 1962-07-19 1966-04-12 Imrich M Miller Capacitor protective device

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4939618A (en) * 1986-06-23 1990-07-03 Amco Partnership Lightning protected electric fence controller system and method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH423954A (de) 1966-11-15
SE317434B (cs) 1969-11-17
JPS4939752B1 (cs) 1974-10-28
AT269262B (de) 1969-03-10
DE1583535B1 (de) 1970-06-04
DE1290241B (de) 1969-03-06
GB1086548A (en) 1967-10-11

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