US3434080A - Electromagnetic reed relay having metal foils underneath and above the excitation winding - Google Patents
Electromagnetic reed relay having metal foils underneath and above the excitation winding Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3434080A US3434080A US623432A US3434080DA US3434080A US 3434080 A US3434080 A US 3434080A US 623432 A US623432 A US 623432A US 3434080D A US3434080D A US 3434080DA US 3434080 A US3434080 A US 3434080A
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- excitation winding
- foil
- relay
- underneath
- winding
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 title description 39
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 title description 33
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 title description 26
- 235000014676 Phragmites communis Nutrition 0.000 title description 16
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 13
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title description 13
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 15
- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000005294 ferromagnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004353 relayed correlation spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009291 secondary effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H51/00—Electromagnetic relays
- H01H51/28—Relays having both armature and contacts within a sealed casing outside which the operating coil is located, e.g. contact carried by a magnetic leaf spring or reed
- H01H51/281—Mounting of the relay; Encapsulating; Details of connections
Definitions
- the invention relates to an electro-magnetic relay with reed contacts the excitation winding of which is surrounded by a magnetically conductive envelope consisting of a wrapping-like ribbon which can be magnetized in the direction of the magnetic field produced by an excitation coil.
- the ribbon serves simultaneously to shield against external magnetic fields and to couple the magnetic field produced by the excitation coil to the reed contacts.
- relays with reed contacts still other difficulties occur which must be dealt with constructively with regard to switching.
- spark quenching is important for such relays, because relays with reed contacts contain only a little conductive material within which short-circuits can be formed.
- the contact elements themselves represent the only current paths which may contribute to a damping. But these elements are small and their extension in the direction of the attenuating current is low.
- the material used is selected according to its magnetic properties and badly conducting, which means it is most unsuitable for attenuation. Consequently, the switch-off peaks of the voltage at the coil terminals are high, even if they are of short duration.
- Standard-type flat relays and many other relays contain an iron core, an iron armature and an iron yoke, being sufliciently conductive for induction currents to damp the switch-01f peaks of the voltage at the coil terminals. Only coils bearing much energy, as for example, selector coils, must be equipped with attenuating or damping elements against switch-off voltage peaks.
- relays the dropping period of which is delayed by electrical means, require no spark quenching through damping elements, because damping is performed by the delay elements.
- the effects are the same with regard to the electrical conditions, because all damping elements have the same effect; they let coil current flow to a certain extent, perhaps only in one lane inductively coupled with the winding (short-circuit winding).
- the efiect is that the dissolution of the flux in the coil does not exceed a predetermined voltage value.
- a secondary effect can thereby not be avoided without particular measures, viz that the armature excitation drops also slower as would be the case at a complete and sudden switch-0E.
- redays with reed contacts must be equipped generally with spark quenching facilities. This may be provided conventionally by a series-connection of a blocking diode and a resistor arranged in parallel to the excitation coil. These spark quenching elements are arranged on a conductor plate and connected through wires with the relays, mounted at another place. Conventional spark quenching with capacitor, and resistor (RC-elements) requires too much space forrelay circuits of this type.
- the foil windings on the excitation winding consist entirely or partly of several layers of bare copper foil.
- the foil windings underneath and above the excitation winding consist entirely or partly of several layers of conductive, soft ferromagnetic foil.
- the influence of the envelope in extending the pull up and dropping periods of the relay is reduced, according to a further embodiment of the invention in that the foil Winding located underneath the excitation winding has an annular recess in the area of the operating air gaps of the reed contacts.
- a magnetically insulating intermediate piece of insulating foil may be wound into said annular recess.
- the head pieces or disks may consist, according to a further embodiment of the invention, entirely or partly of copper and/or of another, also ferromagnetic, electrically conductive metal, insulated by lacquering or by a foil.
- German printed application 1,202,902 shows such a coil of an anodized aluminum foil.
- a particular advantage of an embodiment of the present invention is that the excitation winding of the relay is wound of a metal ribbon, insulated on one side.
- the entire coil, i.e. the. foil winding arranged underneath the excitation winding, the excitation winding itself, consisting of a metal ribbon, and the shielding foil winding on top of the excitation winding is made preferably in one single continuous work process on a winding machine.
- An electro-magnetic relay constructed in accordance with the invention possesses various advantages. For example, the saving in work, material and space is considerable due to the elimination of the conventional spark quenching elements. Since the relay itself is only a little more expensive than the arrangements known without damping windings and the savings in expenditure and Work substantially outweighs these small additional costs the relay represents an exceptionally economical component. If the entire coil of the relay is made of foil material the particular advantage is obtained that the relay can be manufactured with a tool, similar to that to wind capacitors, immediately after the reed contacts have been 3 made. Such a machine can produce the relay according to the invention completely automatically, ready for installation.
- the magnetizable top shielding layer 1 is wound of several layers of foil, not being insulated on one side, but which is bare and has proper contact to both adjacent layers.
- the pole pieces 2 and 3 underneath the excitation winding 4 are wound of the same material and in the same way. Between the pole pieces 2 and 3 a short path remains magnetically open around the air gap 5 of the reed contacts 6 and 7, which path is filled with insulating foil 8.
- the excitation winding 4 may consist of a conventional wire winding or may be wound, preferably, of a metal ribbon insulated on one side which insulation somewhat projects at the edges.
- the head pieces 9 and 10' of the coil are also made of metal and magnetically conductive.
- thermoplastic layer underneath the pole pieces 2 and 3, a thermoplastic insulation of the metal ribbon of the excitation winding 4, and a thermoplastic covering foil can be polymerized in a heating process, assembling the entire relay to a compact unit.
- the projecting ends of the insulation of the excitation winding 4 are thereby glued to the head pieces 9 and 10.
- the entire coil canbe soldered to withstand tropic climates.
- the entire circular conductivity of the various current paths can easily be dimensioned so that a switch-off peak voltage at the terminals of the excitation winding 4 of e.g. 100 to 250 volts is not exceeded which otherwise would become dangerous for contacts and semi-conductors.
- An electro-magnetic relay with reed contacts including an excitation coil surrounded by a magnetically conductive envelope, the envelope including a foil wrapping wound to be magnetizable in the direction of the magnetic field produced by said excitation coil, the toil wrapping providing shielding against external magnetic fields and leading the magnetic field produced by said excitation coil to the reed contacts, wherein the improvement comprises means for damping switch-off voltage peaks at the terminals of the excitation coil including several layers of electrically and magnetically conductive bare metal foil arranged underneath as well as above said excitation coil.
- An electro-magnetic relay according to claim 4 in which a magnetical insulating intermediate piece of insulating foil is Wound into the annular recess of the bottom foil winding.
- An electro-magnetic relay according to claim 1 in which, in order to provide additional damping paths, head pieces are provided at each envelope, each head piece consisting of ferromagnetic, electrically conductive metal.
Description
' M r 8, 1969 v. MENGELBlRG 3,
ELECTROMAGNETIC REED RELAY HAVING METAL FOILS UNDERNEATH AND ABOVE THE EXCITATION WINDING Filed March 15. 1967 INVENTOR V MEN 65!. 85R 6 BY MW ATTORNEY United St2lt8 Patent 7 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE For spark quenching, i.e. for damping the switch-01f voltage peaks at terminals of the excitation winding of a relay, several layers of electrically and/or magnetically conductive metal foils are arranged underneath as well as above the excitation winding.
The invention relates to an electro-magnetic relay with reed contacts the excitation winding of which is surrounded by a magnetically conductive envelope consisting of a wrapping-like ribbon which can be magnetized in the direction of the magnetic field produced by an excitation coil. The ribbon serves simultaneously to shield against external magnetic fields and to couple the magnetic field produced by the excitation coil to the reed contacts.
A similar relay is shown in the German patent specification No. 1,071,231. In that relay a cover layer surrounding the excitation winding serves to conduct the intrinsic magnetic field and to shield the reed contacts against external magnetic fields.
However, in relays with reed contacts still other difficulties occur which must be dealt with constructively with regard to switching. In particular, spark quenching is important for such relays, because relays with reed contacts contain only a little conductive material within which short-circuits can be formed. The contact elements themselves represent the only current paths which may contribute to a damping. But these elements are small and their extension in the direction of the attenuating current is low. Moreover, the material used is selected according to its magnetic properties and badly conducting, which means it is most unsuitable for attenuation. Consequently, the switch-off peaks of the voltage at the coil terminals are high, even if they are of short duration.
For a better understanding of this problem the conditions for conventional relays will be explained first. Standard-type flat relays and many other relays contain an iron core, an iron armature and an iron yoke, being sufliciently conductive for induction currents to damp the switch-01f peaks of the voltage at the coil terminals. Only coils bearing much energy, as for example, selector coils, must be equipped with attenuating or damping elements against switch-off voltage peaks.
Moreover, it is known that relays, the dropping period of which is delayed by electrical means, require no spark quenching through damping elements, because damping is performed by the delay elements. The effects are the same with regard to the electrical conditions, because all damping elements have the same effect; they let coil current flow to a certain extent, perhaps only in one lane inductively coupled with the winding (short-circuit winding). The efiect is that the dissolution of the flux in the coil does not exceed a predetermined voltage value. A secondary effect can thereby not be avoided without particular measures, viz that the armature excitation drops also slower as would be the case at a complete and sudden switch-0E. Consequently, it is substantially unimpor- "ice taut, whether the damping is achieved by a short-circuit path within the relay, its coil or by an external damping arrangement consisting of diode and resistor or capacitor and resistor; all such arrangements cause a certain delay of the relay in pulling up and/or dropping.
In relays with reed contacts, for constructive reasons, damping current paths are not provided. Therefore, redays with reed contacts must be equipped generally with spark quenching facilities. This may be provided conventionally by a series-connection of a blocking diode and a resistor arranged in parallel to the excitation coil. These spark quenching elements are arranged on a conductor plate and connected through wires with the relays, mounted at another place. Conventional spark quenching with capacitor, and resistor (RC-elements) requires too much space forrelay circuits of this type.
It is an object of the invention to reduce the customary expenditure for spark quenching in reed contact relays. This is achieved, according to the invention, by damping the switch-off peaks at the terminals of the excitation winding through several layers of electrically and/ or magnetically conductive metal foil arranged underneath the excitation winding as well as above the excitation winding.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the foil windings on the excitation winding consist entirely or partly of several layers of bare copper foil.
According to a further embodiment of the invention the foil windings underneath and above the excitation winding consist entirely or partly of several layers of conductive, soft ferromagnetic foil.
The influence of the envelope in extending the pull up and dropping periods of the relay is reduced, according to a further embodiment of the invention in that the foil Winding located underneath the excitation winding has an annular recess in the area of the operating air gaps of the reed contacts.
According to a further embodiment of the invention, a magnetically insulating intermediate piece of insulating foil may be wound into said annular recess.
In order to provide additional damping paths the head pieces or disks may consist, according to a further embodiment of the invention, entirely or partly of copper and/or of another, also ferromagnetic, electrically conductive metal, insulated by lacquering or by a foil.
Recently electrical coils became known which are wound similarly to capacitors, on one-side of an insulated foil, preferably aluminum foil. The German printed application 1,202,902 shows such a coil of an anodized aluminum foil.
Compared with the prior art, a particular advantage of an embodiment of the present invention is that the excitation winding of the relay is wound of a metal ribbon, insulated on one side. In this case the entire coil, i.e. the. foil winding arranged underneath the excitation winding, the excitation winding itself, consisting of a metal ribbon, and the shielding foil winding on top of the excitation winding is made preferably in one single continuous work process on a winding machine.
An electro-magnetic relay constructed in accordance with the invention possesses various advantages. For example, the saving in work, material and space is considerable due to the elimination of the conventional spark quenching elements. Since the relay itself is only a little more expensive than the arrangements known without damping windings and the savings in expenditure and Work substantially outweighs these small additional costs the relay represents an exceptionally economical component. If the entire coil of the relay is made of foil material the particular advantage is obtained that the relay can be manufactured with a tool, similar to that to wind capacitors, immediately after the reed contacts have been 3 made. Such a machine can produce the relay according to the invention completely automatically, ready for installation.
The invention is described with the aid of a drawing which shows an example of the relay according to the invention.
The magnetizable top shielding layer 1 is wound of several layers of foil, not being insulated on one side, but which is bare and has proper contact to both adjacent layers. The pole pieces 2 and 3 underneath the excitation winding 4 are wound of the same material and in the same way. Between the pole pieces 2 and 3 a short path remains magnetically open around the air gap 5 of the reed contacts 6 and 7, which path is filled with insulating foil 8. The excitation winding 4 may consist of a conventional wire winding or may be wound, preferably, of a metal ribbon insulated on one side which insulation somewhat projects at the edges. The head pieces 9 and 10' of the coil are also made of metal and magnetically conductive.
A thermoplastic layer underneath the pole pieces 2 and 3, a thermoplastic insulation of the metal ribbon of the excitation winding 4, and a thermoplastic covering foil can be polymerized in a heating process, assembling the entire relay to a compact unit. The projecting ends of the insulation of the excitation winding 4 are thereby glued to the head pieces 9 and 10.
If the attenuation or damping windings 1, 2 and 3, and the head pieces 9 and 10 consist of copper, the entire coil canbe soldered to withstand tropic climates.
The entire circular conductivity of the various current paths can easily be dimensioned so that a switch-off peak voltage at the terminals of the excitation winding 4 of e.g. 100 to 250 volts is not exceeded which otherwise would become dangerous for contacts and semi-conductors.
While the principles of the invention have been described above in connection with specific apparatus and applications, it is .to be understood that this description is made only by way of example and not as a limitation on the scope of the invention.
What is claimed is:
1. An electro-magnetic relay with reed contacts including an excitation coil surrounded by a magnetically conductive envelope, the envelope including a foil wrapping wound to be magnetizable in the direction of the magnetic field produced by said excitation coil, the toil wrapping providing shielding against external magnetic fields and leading the magnetic field produced by said excitation coil to the reed contacts, wherein the improvement comprises means for damping switch-off voltage peaks at the terminals of the excitation coil including several layers of electrically and magnetically conductive bare metal foil arranged underneath as well as above said excitation coil.
2. An electro-magnetic relay according to claim 1, in which the foil winding consists of several layers of bar copper foil.
3. An electro-magnetic relay according to claim 1, in which the toil windings, arranged underneath and above the excitation winding, consist of several layers of conductive, soft ferromagnetic foil.
4. An electro-magnetic relay according to claim 1, in which the foil winding underneath the excitation Winding is wrapped at either end of an annular recess in the area around an air gap between the reed contacts.
5. An electro-magnetic relay according to claim 4, in which a magnetical insulating intermediate piece of insulating foil is Wound into the annular recess of the bottom foil winding.
6. An electro-magnetic relay according to claim 1 in which, in order to provide additional damping paths, head pieces are provided at each envelope, each head piece consisting of ferromagnetic, electrically conductive metal.
7. An electro-magnetic relay according to claim 1, in which the excitation winding of the relay is wound of a metal ribbon, insulated on one side.
References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 5/1967 Morrison 335-151 7/1968 Young 33684 US. Cl. X.R.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEST025091 | 1966-03-09 | ||
| US62343267A | 1967-03-15 | 1967-03-15 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3434080A true US3434080A (en) | 1969-03-18 |
Family
ID=25994391
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US623432A Expired - Lifetime US3434080A (en) | 1966-03-09 | 1967-03-15 | Electromagnetic reed relay having metal foils underneath and above the excitation winding |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3434080A (en) |
| BE (1) | BE695226A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH465716A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE1514788A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR1513889A (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1118574A (en) |
| NL (1) | NL6703666A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4225836A (en) * | 1978-08-18 | 1980-09-30 | C.P. Clare International, N.V. | Magnetic relay |
| US4412267A (en) * | 1980-02-06 | 1983-10-25 | Eaton Corporation | Time-delay current sensing circuit breaker relay |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4827234A (en) * | 1986-06-23 | 1989-05-02 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Electromagnetic relay |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3320559A (en) * | 1965-05-17 | 1967-05-16 | Electro Scient Ind Inc | Electrical chopper utilizing a shielded reed switch |
| US3393388A (en) * | 1967-03-14 | 1968-07-16 | George V. Young | Windings having continuous shields therearound |
-
1966
- 1966-03-09 DE DE19661514788 patent/DE1514788A1/en active Pending
-
1967
- 1967-03-03 CH CH316167A patent/CH465716A/en unknown
- 1967-03-03 GB GB10175/67A patent/GB1118574A/en not_active Expired
- 1967-03-09 FR FR98189A patent/FR1513889A/en not_active Expired
- 1967-03-09 NL NL6703666A patent/NL6703666A/xx unknown
- 1967-03-09 BE BE695226D patent/BE695226A/xx unknown
- 1967-03-15 US US623432A patent/US3434080A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3320559A (en) * | 1965-05-17 | 1967-05-16 | Electro Scient Ind Inc | Electrical chopper utilizing a shielded reed switch |
| US3393388A (en) * | 1967-03-14 | 1968-07-16 | George V. Young | Windings having continuous shields therearound |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4225836A (en) * | 1978-08-18 | 1980-09-30 | C.P. Clare International, N.V. | Magnetic relay |
| US4412267A (en) * | 1980-02-06 | 1983-10-25 | Eaton Corporation | Time-delay current sensing circuit breaker relay |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB1118574A (en) | 1968-07-03 |
| CH465716A (en) | 1968-11-30 |
| DE1514788A1 (en) | 1969-04-30 |
| BE695226A (en) | 1967-09-11 |
| FR1513889A (en) | 1968-02-16 |
| NL6703666A (en) | 1967-09-11 |
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