US3419A - mtekt office - Google Patents

Description

J. WATSON.

Sugar Filter.

Patented Jan y 131,V 1844.

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t complete A JOHN wA'rsoN, or ELIzABETHTowN, New` JERSEY.

FILTER Fon SUGAR, ad.

l speeieauon of `Letters `raten No. 3,419, dated January e1, 1844.

To all 'wh-0n?) t may concern Be it known that I, i JOHN lATsoN, late of Chorley,

in the county of Lancaster, England, now` a resident of Elizabethtown, in the State ofNew Jersey, have invented a new and useful `Improvement in the Con` struction of Filters Used in theManufacture of Sugar,` of which the following is a full and accurate description, l reference being had to the accompanying drawings, `making part of this specification. l

Figurel` `is a view of my apparatus when representing a conical vessel formed of vert-icalbars Z9 b b connecting two circular horizontal rims f fthe one marked fsurrounding the bottom plate and projecting a short distance rabove it, the other f surrounding the upper .part of "the vessel but not seenin` Fig. l on account ofa hoop a `which encircles and conceals itbutshown in the sectional drawings Figs. "2 and 3, These rims f f are cast in sections; the bars Z2 b Z) connecting the several sections being cast with them,` and are hooped together when in placeby the` hoops n a as shown in Fig. l where the rim f is shown constructed in this manner with thehoop n; encircling it. On the top of the vessel A therelisan annu lar lidi E secured at its outer edge to horizontal rinrm surrounding the top of the yes sel and a smallerlidA F adapted tothercir` cular opening inthe center of the lidE the two lids entirely covering the vesseli. A wire cloth lines the `interior of the vessel A immediately within the barsb` l) and is seen in thespacesfbetween the bars except where the wire is represented'broken away in Fig. l showing a lining of cloth inside of it. l .i

Fig. 2 `isla sectional view ofthe apparatus in which the whole front portion of it is removed but leaving the `bottom plate C en: tire showing an inner "vessel of l wire i cloth marked B, the front of which is also removed to show its interior construction, supported on hoops I I Iplaced horizontally one over the other and forming "a frame on which the wire is kept distended. Surrounding the whole of the inner vessel B there is a space filled with animal charco-al closed at `bottom by the bottom plate C which closes both the inner and outer vessel and the space between them.

Fig. 3 is a section ofthe lids E F and the parts of the apparatus immediately connected with them. On the rim f encircling the vessel A another horizontal rim g is placed `B not beingisufciently and `secured there by a hoopn shown in Fig. l and lseen insection at Fig. 3 overlaymg and` confining both rims.

asimilar horizontal rim g is placed a space intervening betweenthe rims g g as be tween the vessels A, `To support the rim gf `(the wire clothr forming the inner vessel t strong) temporary vertical drawing, which are removed when the lid E is placed` on the vessel, screws l passing from this lid into a horizontal plate m` attached to the .rim g securing the latter in place when the lid E is fastened down as hereafter described. `Onthe upper surface of the rim g two vertical plates are cast one marked /z surrounding its whole inner edge,

another marked l: raised from its whole outer edgeas shown in section at Fig. 3 the space between the plates 7L 7c forming a groove for a purpose tobe described. Two vertical platesare also raised on the upper surface of the rim g one marked 7c sur.- rounding its inner edge another 7L raised along its whole outer edge a groove being formed by the space betweentheplates it" la as on the rim g and for the same purpose. The vertical plates 7c 7c are nearly double the Iheight of the plates )t 7L as shown in Figs. 2 and 3 and are bent at right angles at their upper ends the plate /c outwardly so as to form Va horizontal rim m surrounding and projecting `beyond it, the plate la in an inward direction forming a horizontal )late m with a circular o Jenin@ in its cen.`

ter communicating with the interior ofthe vessel B as seen in Fig.2. a i A l Wehen the apparatus is to be used the space between the vessels A and B is filled with animal charcoal upto the rims g g. The grooves between the plates z. 7c and 7L la are nular plate .D Fig. 2

i l litted into the space between the plates la so as to rest on the alsolilled with animal charcoal and an ani Over theyinncr i vessel B and within the rim last described supports are used, not shown in the Y topof the plates t /t and the surface of the charcoal in the grooves already described a vertical projection cast on the whole of the lower surface ofthe plate D fitting into and filling up the space between the plates it and It the charcoal in the grooves described acting as a packing to prevent the escape of the liquor in an upward direction. Over the plateD the lid E is fastened down and se cured by screws o o 0 passed through it near its outer edge, as shown in Fig. l, into corresponding holes o 0 0 in the horizontal rim m Fig. 2- by means of which arrangement the space between the 'vessels A and B is completely covered. In the lid E near its inner edge there are screws also marked io Fig. l which descend into holes p p in the horizontal plate m', by which the rim g is sustained when the temporary supports under it are removed. The circular lid F fitting the opening in the center of the lid E is also secured in place by screws r descending into holes r in the horizontal plate m as shown in Fig. 3 where a section of the lids E and F and the plates m andm is shown with the method of securing them in place.

The circular bottom plate c is shown in Fig. 2 with the lower rim f encircling it. Inside of this rim and concentric with it and at equal distances from each other there are two horizontal circular rims e c raised on the upper surface of the bottom plate c. Inside of the rim e and at a distance from it equal to that between it and the rim e the whole inner portion of the plate c is raised so as to be on a level with the top of the rims e e around which elevation the lower margin of the vessel B is confined three grooves are formed by this arrangement into which the charcoal is pressed which prevents the liquor from escaping as it would if the bottom plate were fiat on its upper surface. The lids being fastened the liquor is introduced into the inner vessel B by an ordinary Iforce pump shown at G Fig. l through a tube H which enters the bottom plate C. There is a discharge tube G also for emptying the vessel B provided with a cock as seen in Fig. 1. To keep up a constant pressure in the vessel B after it has been filled there is a vertical tube w which is several feet in height and bent at bottom to allow of its lower end entering the inner vessel B through the bottom plate 0. This vertical tube fw is filled with liquor when the pump is in action which when the vessel has been supplied keeps up a pressure on the liquor in it forcing it through its sides of wire cloth and the animal charcoal surrounding it from whence it escapes by the spaces between the bars b l) of the vessel A.

To keep the interior surface of the inner vessel B free I employ a revolving brush as shown at L Fig. l the brush being attached to a vertical shaft S the lower end of which is stepped on the bottom plate C the upper end passing through a stuffing boX in tho center of the lid F.

The advantage of my apparatus is that it presents a greater surface of animal charcoal to the action of the liquor in the same space than has been hitherto obtained. Another advantage is that a vertical surface of charcoal is acted on instead of a horizontal one, a vertical surface not being liable to become obstructed like the other from the impurities of the liquor settling upon it. The form of my apparatus is not of consequence. It may be made of a square cylindrical or other shape without varying the character of the invention. Instead of making the inner vessel B of wire cloth the order may be reversed and the liquor introduced into a close outer vessel having within it a vessel of wire cloth and within this again another vessel formed of vertical bars Z2 b b like the vessel A Fig. 1 with animal charcoal arranged between them the liquor being made in this arrangement to press inwardly and discharge at the center instead of outwardly as in my present plan.

The most important feature of my invention as I consider is the arrangement of the charcoal or filtering material between two vertical surfaces covered at top and bottom and formed of wire cloth or other open material allowing of the liquor to enter the charcoal in a lateral direction on one side and escape from it on the other.

What I claim as my invention anddesire to secure by Letters Patent therefore is- 1. Employing charcoal for filtering purposes, between two vertical surfaces (or nearly vertical) of wire cloth or other porous material, the liquor to be filtered entering the charcoal through one of the vertical surfaces and escaping from-it through the other as hereink set forth.

2. I claim the method of constructing my apparatus by forming it of two vessels one within the other having animal charcoal in the space between them the said vessels being constructed and operating as herein set forth. I usually employ in combination with this arrangement a tube w for producing by means of a column of liquor in it, a pressure on the surface of the liquor in the apparatus as herein described.

JOHN WATSON.

Witnesses:

T. W. DoNovAN, S. N. SALOMON.

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