US3412426A - Apparatus for the preparation of elliptical structures - Google Patents

Apparatus for the preparation of elliptical structures Download PDF

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Publication number
US3412426A
US3412426A US602898A US60289866A US3412426A US 3412426 A US3412426 A US 3412426A US 602898 A US602898 A US 602898A US 60289866 A US60289866 A US 60289866A US 3412426 A US3412426 A US 3412426A
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Prior art keywords
pivot
generally
flexible element
elongate
depositing head
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US602898A
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Jr William W O'dell
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Dow Chemical Co
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Dow Chemical Co
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C67/00—Shaping techniques not covered by groups B29C39/00 - B29C65/00, B29C70/00 or B29C73/00
    • B29C67/20—Shaping techniques not covered by groups B29C39/00 - B29C65/00, B29C70/00 or B29C73/00 for porous or cellular articles, e.g. of foam plastics, coarse-pored
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C69/00—Combinations of shaping techniques not provided for in a single one of main groups B29C39/00 - B29C67/00, e.g. associations of moulding and joining techniques; Apparatus therefore
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/32—Arched structures; Vaulted structures; Folded structures
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G11/00—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
    • E04G11/04—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for structures of spherical, spheroid or similar shape, or for cupola structures of circular or polygonal horizontal or vertical section; Inflatable forms
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G11/00—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
    • E04G11/06—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for walls, e.g. curved end panels for wall shutterings; filler elements for wall shutterings; shutterings for vertical ducts
    • E04G11/20—Movable forms; Movable forms for moulding cylindrical, conical or hyperbolical structures; Templates serving as forms for positioning blocks or the like
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/32—Arched structures; Vaulted structures; Folded structures
    • E04B2001/3217—Auxiliary supporting devices used during erection of the arched structures
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/32—Arched structures; Vaulted structures; Folded structures
    • E04B2001/3258—Arched structures; Vaulted structures; Folded structures comprised entirely of a single self-supporting panel
    • E04B2001/3264—Arched structures; Vaulted structures; Folded structures comprised entirely of a single self-supporting panel hardened in situ

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE An apparatus is described for the preparation of generally elliptical structures by sequentially depositing strips of a building material in a helical manner, the apparatus consists essentially of a three dimensional string and pencil control for a material depositing head.
  • This invention relates to an apparatus for the preparation of generally elliptical structures, and more particularly relates to an apparatus for the preparation of elliptical structures by the successive deposition of portions of a building material in a generally spiral pattern.
  • an apparatus for the construction of walled structures by a spiral generation technique wherein a strip of building material is deposited in a generally helical configuration to form a walled structure comprising in cooperative combination a base, the base having a support-engaging surface and an oppositely disposed pivot surface, the pivot surface having supported thereon a pivot adapted to permit rotation of a member about the pivot in a generally hemispherical solid angle, an elongate member having a first end and a second end, the first end of the elongate member attached to the pivot and adapted to pivot within the solid angle, the elongate member having afiixed to the second end a material depositing head adapted to deposit a material of construction in the form of an elongate strip, a flexible element restraining means secured adjacent the material depositing head, the flexible element restraining means being pivotally aflixed to the second end of the elongate member and being
  • the flexible element having a first end and a second end, the first and second ends of the flexible element secured in spaced relationship to the pivot end and in a plane :djacent to the pivot and generally equally spaced thererom.
  • FIGURE 1 is a schematic representation of an apparatus in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIGURE 2 is a representation of the flexible element restraining means of FIGURE 1.
  • FIGURE 3 schematically depicts motion of the foam depositing head of FIGURE 1.
  • FIGURE 1 there is schematically represented an apparatus in accordance with the present invention generally designated by the reference numeral 10.
  • the apparatus 10 comprises in cooperative combination a base member 11.
  • the base member 11 has a support engaging surface 12.
  • Oppositely disposed from the support engaging surface 12 is a pivot surface 13 having affixed thereto a pivot 14.
  • the pivot 14 is so constructed and arranged so as to permit motion in a solid angle.
  • An elongate element 16 having a first end 17 and a second end 19 is atfixed to the pivot 14 at the first end 17.
  • the elongate element can pivot within a solid angle and is generally restricted in motion by the base 11.
  • the elongate element 16 com-. prises a first portion 21 and a second portion 22.
  • the portion 22 telescopes within the portion 21 and the portions are urged apart by means of an internal tensioning means or spring 25.
  • Affixed to the first portion 21 of the elongate element 16 is a flexible element restraining means 27.
  • the flexible element restraining means is pivotally afiixed to the portion 21 and adapted to rotate generally about the longitudinal axis of the elongate element 16.
  • a flexible element 29 of fixed length passes through the flexible element restrainingmeans.
  • the flexible element 29 has a first end 30 and a second end 31.
  • the first and second ends 30 and 31 are affixed to a base or support 33.
  • the ends 30 and 31 are generally equally spaced from the pivot 14 and are disposed generally on a common line.
  • a foam depositing head 35 is afiixed to the Second end 19 of the elongate element 16 and maintained in fixed spaced relationship from the flexible element restraining means.
  • the depositing head '35 is adapted to pivot about the elongate element 16 on a bearing 37.
  • a portion 38 of generally hemieliptical structure composed of a plurality of strips is shown in operative engagement with the depositing head 35.
  • FIGURE 2 there there is depicted a schematic cutaway view of the flexible element restraining means 27 of FIGURE 1.
  • the restraining means 27 comprises a housing 40.
  • the housing 40 defines a generally centrally disposed aperture 41 adapted to pass a portion of the second element 21 and rotate freely threabout.
  • the housing 40 defines a generally annular chamber 42 having a firstopening 43 and a second opening 44.
  • the openings 43 and 44 are generally diametrically opposed.
  • Adajacent the opening 43 are friction reducing elements 46 such as rolls or the like.
  • Similar friction reducing elements 48 are disposed adjacent the second opening 44.
  • Friction reducing elements 49 are disposed Within the annular cavity 42 generally adjacent the opening 41.
  • the flexible element 29 such as a cable is depicted passing through the flexible element restraining means 27 and is shown in operative engagement with the friction reducing means.
  • FIGURE 3 there is schematically represented an ellipsoidal path traced by an apparatus in accordance with the invention.
  • One ellipsoidal path is represented by the reference numeral 55.
  • the reference numeral 56 represents the second end of the elongate member such as the elongate member 16.
  • the reference numeral 57 indicates the pivot point whereas the flexible restraining element is depicted by the reference numeral 58.
  • the depositing head 56 is free to move to any position about the ellipse when it is positioned adjacent the plane of the paper or ground support. As the head is raised by the deposition of building material, the size of the ellipse decreases as the distance from a plane of the support increases, resulting in an ellipsoidal structure.
  • a foam depositing head is caused to folow an elliptical path as the effective distance between the flexible element restraining means and the pivot can vary within the desired mechanical limits.
  • the foam depositing head being disposed adjacent the flexible element restraining means follows a path or traces a surface which is very close to hemiellipsoidal.
  • An apparatus for the construction of walled structures by a spiral generation technique wherein a strip of building material is deposited in a generally helical configuration to form a walled structure comprising in cooperative combination:
  • the base having a support engaging surface and an oppositely disposed surface
  • a pivot surface having supported thereon a pivot adapted to permit rotation of a member about the pivot in a generally hemispherical solid angle
  • an elongate member having a first end and a second end, the first end of the elongate member attached to the pivot and adapted to pivot within the solid angle, the elongate member having afiixed to the second end,
  • a material depositing head adapted to deposit a material of construction in the form of an elongate generally helical strip
  • a flexible element restraining means secured to the elongate member adjacent the material depositing head, the flexible element restraining means being pivotally aflixed to the second end of the elongate member and being adapted to generally rotate about the axis of the elongate element and remain in fixed spaced relationship to the material depositing head, intermediate the first end of the elongate element and the flexible element restraining means,
  • the flexible element passing through the flexible element restraining means and sliding therein, the flexible element having a first end and a second end, the first and second ends of the flexible element secured in spaced relationship to the pivot end and in a plane to the pivot and generally equally spaced therefrom.
  • the elongate element comprises first and second portions, one telescoping within the other, and means to urge the first and second portions apart.
  • the apparatus of claim 3 including means to resiliently urge the material depositing head toward the second end of the elongate element.

Description

Nov. 26,1968 w. w. O'DELL, JR R 6 APPARATUS FOR THE PREPARATION OF ELLIPTICAL STRUCTURES Filed Dec. 19, 1966 INVENTOR. WI/bbm W0 'De/L Jr? United States Patent 3,412,426 APPARATUS FOR THE PREPARATION OF ELLIPTICAL STRUCTURES William W. ODell, Jr., Midland, Mich., assignor to The Dow Chemical Company, Midland, Mich., a corporation of Delaware Filed Dec. 19, 1966, Ser. No. 602,898 6 Claims. (Cl. 18-5) ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE An apparatus is described for the preparation of generally elliptical structures by sequentially depositing strips of a building material in a helical manner, the apparatus consists essentially of a three dimensional string and pencil control for a material depositing head.
This invention relates to an apparatus for the preparation of generally elliptical structures, and more particularly relates to an apparatus for the preparation of elliptical structures by the successive deposition of portions of a building material in a generally spiral pattern.
Various shapes and forms of walled structures are prepared in accordance with the teaching of US. Letters Patent 3,206,899. Many of these structures are generally circular in configuration and oftentimes offer less than the desired configuration. Frequently, it is desirable to prepare walled structures similar to those set forth in US. Patent 3,206,899 but having a hemiellipsoidal configuration. Such a configuration is oftentimes more desirable for many applications that circular or spheroidal structures. By the term ellipsoidal surface is meant a surface which generally conforms to the configuration of an ellipsoid or to any portion of such a surface.
It would be desirable if there were available an improved apparatus which would permit the deposition of the building material in a generally hemiellipsoidal configuration.
It would also be beneficial if such an apparatus were capable of generating ellipsoidal structures of varying proportions.
It would be highly desirable if such an apparatus were relatively light and simple to transport.
These benefits and other advantages in accordance with the present invention are achieved in an apparatus for the construction of walled structures by a spiral generation technique wherein a strip of building material is deposited in a generally helical configuration to form a walled structure, the apparatus comprising in cooperative combination a base, the base having a support-engaging surface and an oppositely disposed pivot surface, the pivot surface having supported thereon a pivot adapted to permit rotation of a member about the pivot in a generally hemispherical solid angle, an elongate member having a first end and a second end, the first end of the elongate member attached to the pivot and adapted to pivot within the solid angle, the elongate member having afiixed to the second end a material depositing head adapted to deposit a material of construction in the form of an elongate strip, a flexible element restraining means secured adjacent the material depositing head, the flexible element restraining means being pivotally aflixed to the second end of the elongate member and being adapted to generally rotate about the axis of the elongate element and remain in fixed spaced relationship to the depositing head. Intermediate the first end of the elongate element and the flexible element restraining means, means to vary the spacing between the foam depositing head and the first end of the elongate element, a flexible element passing through the flexible element restraining means and sliding therein,
the flexible element having a first end and a second end, the first and second ends of the flexible element secured in spaced relationship to the pivot end and in a plane :djacent to the pivot and generally equally spaced thererom.
Further features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following specification when taken in connection with the drawing wherein:
FIGURE 1 is a schematic representation of an apparatus in accordance with the present invention.
FIGURE 2 is a representation of the flexible element restraining means of FIGURE 1.
FIGURE 3 schematically depicts motion of the foam depositing head of FIGURE 1.
In FIGURE 1 there is schematically represented an apparatus in accordance with the present invention generally designated by the reference numeral 10. The apparatus 10 comprises in cooperative combination a base member 11. The base member 11 has a support engaging surface 12. Oppositely disposed from the support engaging surface 12 is a pivot surface 13 having affixed thereto a pivot 14. The pivot 14 is so constructed and arranged so as to permit motion in a solid angle. An elongate element 16 having a first end 17 and a second end 19 is atfixed to the pivot 14 at the first end 17. The elongate element can pivot within a solid angle and is generally restricted in motion by the base 11. The elongate element 16 com-. prises a first portion 21 and a second portion 22. The portion 22 telescopes within the portion 21 and the portions are urged apart by means of an internal tensioning means or spring 25. Affixed to the first portion 21 of the elongate element 16 is a flexible element restraining means 27. The flexible element restraining means is pivotally afiixed to the portion 21 and adapted to rotate generally about the longitudinal axis of the elongate element 16. A flexible element 29 of fixed length passes through the flexible element restrainingmeans. The flexible element 29 has a first end 30 and a second end 31. The first and second ends 30 and 31 are affixed to a base or support 33. The ends 30 and 31 are generally equally spaced from the pivot 14 and are disposed generally on a common line. A foam depositing head 35 is afiixed to the Second end 19 of the elongate element 16 and maintained in fixed spaced relationship from the flexible element restraining means. The depositing head '35 is adapted to pivot about the elongate element 16 on a bearing 37. A portion 38 of generally hemieliptical structure composed of a plurality of strips is shown in operative engagement with the depositing head 35.
In FIGURE 2 there there is depicted a schematic cutaway view of the flexible element restraining means 27 of FIGURE 1. The restraining means 27 comprises a housing 40. The housing 40 defines a generally centrally disposed aperture 41 adapted to pass a portion of the second element 21 and rotate freely threabout. The housing 40 defines a generally annular chamber 42 having a firstopening 43 and a second opening 44. The openings 43 and 44 are generally diametrically opposed. Adajacent the opening 43 are friction reducing elements 46 such as rolls or the like. Similar friction reducing elements 48 are disposed adjacent the second opening 44. Friction reducing elements 49 are disposed Within the annular cavity 42 generally adjacent the opening 41. The flexible element 29 such as a cable is depicted passing through the flexible element restraining means 27 and is shown in operative engagement with the friction reducing means.
In FIGURE 3 there is schematically represented an ellipsoidal path traced by an apparatus in accordance with the invention. One ellipsoidal path is represented by the reference numeral 55. The reference numeral 56 represents the second end of the elongate member such as the elongate member 16. The reference numeral 57 indicates the pivot point whereas the flexible restraining element is depicted by the reference numeral 58. The depositing head 56 is free to move to any position about the ellipse when it is positioned adjacent the plane of the paper or ground support. As the head is raised by the deposition of building material, the size of the ellipse decreases as the distance from a plane of the support increases, resulting in an ellipsoidal structure.
By employing an extensible boom or elongate member such as the member 16 of FIGURE 1, a foam depositing head is caused to folow an elliptical path as the effective distance between the flexible element restraining means and the pivot can vary within the desired mechanical limits. The foam depositing head being disposed adjacent the flexible element restraining means follows a path or traces a surface which is very close to hemiellipsoidal.
Employing the apparatus substantially as depicted in FIGURES l and 2, a wide variety of generally elliptical structures are readily prepared from foam plastic, concrete and the like.
As is apparent from the foregoing specification, the present invention is susceptible of being embodied with various alterations and modifications which may differ particularly from those that have been described in the preceding specification and description. For this reason, it is to be fully understood that all of the foregoing is intended to be merely illustrative and is not to be construed or interpreted as being restrictive or otherwise limiting of the present invention, excepting as it is set forth and defined in the hereto-appended claims.
What is claimed is:
1. An apparatus for the construction of walled structures by a spiral generation technique wherein a strip of building material is deposited in a generally helical configuration to form a walled structure, the apparatus comprising in cooperative combination:
a base, the base having a support engaging surface and an oppositely disposed surface,
a pivot surface having supported thereon a pivot adapted to permit rotation of a member about the pivot in a generally hemispherical solid angle,
an elongate member having a first end and a second end, the first end of the elongate member attached to the pivot and adapted to pivot within the solid angle, the elongate member having afiixed to the second end,
a material depositing head, the material depositing head adapted to deposit a material of construction in the form of an elongate generally helical strip,
a flexible element restraining means secured to the elongate member adjacent the material depositing head, the flexible element restraining means being pivotally aflixed to the second end of the elongate member and being adapted to generally rotate about the axis of the elongate element and remain in fixed spaced relationship to the material depositing head, intermediate the first end of the elongate element and the flexible element restraining means,
means to vary the spacing between the material depositing head and the first end of the elongate element,
a flexible element passing through the flexible element restraining means and sliding therein, the flexible element having a first end and a second end, the first and second ends of the flexible element secured in spaced relationship to the pivot end and in a plane to the pivot and generally equally spaced therefrom.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the elongate element comprises first and second portions, one telescoping within the other, and means to urge the first and second portions apart.
3. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the material depositing head is slidably secured to the elongate element.
4. The apparatus of claim 3 including means to resiliently urge the material depositing head toward the second end of the elongate element.
5. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the first and second ends of the flexible element and pivot are disposed generally on a line.
6. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the material depositing head is adapted to deposit a synthetic resinous foam.
References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,225,356 5/1917 Polk 52-749 x 2,877,530 3/1959 Winn 52 749 x 3,206,899 9/1965 Wright 52--80 3,365,855 1/1968 Vermette 52-749 X FRANCIS K. ZUGEL, Primary Examiner.
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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USB302836I5 (en) * 1972-11-01 1975-01-28
US3866385A (en) * 1972-06-02 1975-02-18 Haj Issa Saher Al Device for manufacturing of roofs
US3979100A (en) * 1973-11-15 1976-09-07 Phillips Buster C Endless band wall form
US4112956A (en) * 1976-11-22 1978-09-12 Small William H Shelter construction and method of assembling same
FR2448015A1 (en) * 1979-02-05 1980-08-29 Pettersson John GUIDE DEVICE FOR REINFORCED CONCRETE WALL CASTING MOLDS
US5305576A (en) * 1992-05-07 1994-04-26 Giles Brian C Method of constructing curvilinear structures
US20070138678A1 (en) * 2005-10-26 2007-06-21 University Of Southern California Extruded Wall with Rib-Like Interior
US20090051062A1 (en) * 2007-08-24 2009-02-26 Timothy Wilkinson Methods and apparatus for fabricating structures
US20100318222A1 (en) * 2003-01-21 2010-12-16 University Of Southern California Automated plumbing, wiring, and reinforcement

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1225356A (en) * 1916-09-07 1917-05-08 Walter C Polk Concrete-casting machine.
US2877530A (en) * 1955-07-25 1959-03-17 Jr James B Winn Monolithic wall forming apparatus
US3206899A (en) * 1961-01-09 1965-09-21 Dow Chemical Co Walled structure and method for making the same
US3365855A (en) * 1966-06-06 1968-01-30 Howard H. Vermette Method of constructing a dome shaped building

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1225356A (en) * 1916-09-07 1917-05-08 Walter C Polk Concrete-casting machine.
US2877530A (en) * 1955-07-25 1959-03-17 Jr James B Winn Monolithic wall forming apparatus
US3206899A (en) * 1961-01-09 1965-09-21 Dow Chemical Co Walled structure and method for making the same
US3365855A (en) * 1966-06-06 1968-01-30 Howard H. Vermette Method of constructing a dome shaped building

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3866385A (en) * 1972-06-02 1975-02-18 Haj Issa Saher Al Device for manufacturing of roofs
USB302836I5 (en) * 1972-11-01 1975-01-28
US3923573A (en) * 1972-11-01 1975-12-02 Dow Chemical Co Method and apparatus for construction
US3979100A (en) * 1973-11-15 1976-09-07 Phillips Buster C Endless band wall form
US4112956A (en) * 1976-11-22 1978-09-12 Small William H Shelter construction and method of assembling same
FR2448015A1 (en) * 1979-02-05 1980-08-29 Pettersson John GUIDE DEVICE FOR REINFORCED CONCRETE WALL CASTING MOLDS
US5305576A (en) * 1992-05-07 1994-04-26 Giles Brian C Method of constructing curvilinear structures
US20100318222A1 (en) * 2003-01-21 2010-12-16 University Of Southern California Automated plumbing, wiring, and reinforcement
US8029258B2 (en) * 2003-01-21 2011-10-04 University Of Southern California Automated plumbing, wiring, and reinforcement
US8518308B2 (en) 2003-01-21 2013-08-27 University Of Southern California Automated plumbing, wiring, and reinforcement
US20070138678A1 (en) * 2005-10-26 2007-06-21 University Of Southern California Extruded Wall with Rib-Like Interior
US7874825B2 (en) * 2005-10-26 2011-01-25 University Of Southern California Nozzle for forming an extruded wall with rib-like interior
US20090051062A1 (en) * 2007-08-24 2009-02-26 Timothy Wilkinson Methods and apparatus for fabricating structures
US8113807B2 (en) 2007-08-24 2012-02-14 Timothy Wilkinson Methods and apparatus for fabricating structures

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