US339253A

US339253A - aexold

Info

Publication number: US339253A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1886-04-06
Anticipated expiration: 1903-04-06

Description

(No Model.)

0. R. ARNOLD INGANDESGENT ELECTRIC LAMP.

No. 839,253. Patented Apr. 6, 1886.

Starts aren't @rrrca.

lNCANDESCENT E LECTRIC LAMP.

QGIFITJATION forming part of Letters Patent No, 339,253, dated April 6, 1886,

Application filed September 28, 1883. Serial No. IOTafgTQ. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CRAIG It. ARNOLD, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Electric Lamps, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in electric lamps in which carbon is employed and rendered incandescent in an exhausted glass receiver by a current of electricity; and it consists in employing several separate carbons united at one of their ends inclosed in a globe of special form supported in a frame at its end, in which it is rotated, and also in mechanism for automatically rotating the globe or receiver when one carbon may become extinguished or broken, and to throw the next carbon in circuit-connection, and so keep one of the carbons constantly incandescent.

in the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 isa vertical section through the center of the glass receiver, showing the form of the globe, its supporting-frame, and the arrangement of the carbons and wires; Fig. 2, an end view of the turning mechanism and plan view of the apparatus connected therewith to operate it.

The glass receiver G, to contain the can bons and apparatus for conducting the current to and from the same, is constructed ofoblong shape in the body, tapering to a tube at both its ends and supported in the frame F of the lamp, and which also supports a magnet, M, and which frame may be of the shape shown in the drawings, or any convenient form, in order that it may a'li'ord a support for the said magnet and the ends of the glass globe or receiver G, so as to permit a rotary movement of the same, as hereinafter described.

The globe as at first constructed has its front end blown to form an extended chamber parallel with the mouth or opening into the globe, so as to admit of the insertion and close fitting therein of a partition, P, of glass or pumice-stone. After the insertion of the partition, P, and the electric wires and carbons, the spider S,( see Fig.2) consisting of a central copper disk with two or more copper wires radiating therefrom, is next placed in position in the neck of the lamp, and the front end of the globe hey end the neck is then heated, drawn down to a tube to correspond in size with the other end of the globe, and hermetically sealed. The air maybe exhausted before sealing or afterward. If a glass partition is used, then the air from the globe G and its chamber B beyond the neck is exhausted at a point in the neck, as at B.

Before sealing the end of the lamp two or more carbons, O G G, are placed longitudinally in the receiver, connected at the ends with copper wires, which are then sealed to a platinum wire, which latter passes through the glass stopper r", inserted in and sealed to the tubular end of the globe. At the front end of the lamp the copper wires attached to the carbons pass through the glass partition, their ends terminating in the chamber and bent to lie parallel with the other copper wires of the spider S radiating from the central disk. On the other side of the disk toward the front of the lamp is placed or fixed a platinum wire, which passes a glass stopper similar to the other, which is sealed up with the front tubular end of the lamp, and through which the positive current of electricity is introduced.

In the chamber B, before sealing the globe, is introduced a drop of mercury, M, or other liquid that will form an electric connection between the two electrodes that for the time being are immersed within it. The frame F is made hollow, so that the electric wires may pass from the end of the globe through the body and out at the points 1 and 2. The magnet M is hung 011 the frame at a point underneath the lowest point of the lamp, where the mercury will necessarily settle by gravitation, and is for the purpose of keeping the mercury from rolling when the lamp is shaken. The mercury has incorporated with it parti cles of iron or nickel or any magnetic body, which makes it capable of being magnetically attracted. The carbons are made fine and thin and of high resistance, so as to require a minimum amount of electric current in order not by too powerful a current to volatilize the mercury.

In Fig. 2 is shown the device for rotating the lamp. A hoop of brass, It, with ratchetteeth on its periphery, is passed over the neck of the globe and fastened in its place by plaster-of-paris or other suitable means. The can rent, before entering the lamp, passes through the magnet O, which is an ordinary magnet of low resistance, and magnetizes its core A and attracts the armature A, breaking the circuit from the coil1nagnet C, which is a magnet of high resistanceof the same resistance as the carbons in the lamp. The current then passes through the wire L into the lamp and to the wire 3, through the copper disk to the mercury, which makes an electrical connection with the wire opposite to it and immersed with it in the mercury, and so renders the carbon connected with said wire incandescent. Vhen this carbon is broken, the effect is to instantly demagnetize the core A. of the coil 0, releasing the armature A and making electrical connection with the coil 0 the armature A being connected with a spring, S which has a tendency to hold it away from the armature A. It follows that the coil 0 is magnetized, drawing upthe armature A", raising the lever R from the fulcrum F, and thus raising the pawl R which works on the ratchet-wheel, and thus rotating the glass receiver a fractional part of a revolution until the next carbon reaches the drop of mercury, when electrical connection is made as before, and the current draws back the spring S and passes through the coil 0 as before. it will be understood that the magnet M is only a necessary adjunct where the lamp is so placed as to be liable to be shaken as in a car, &c.-and may be dispensed with where the lamp-frame is fixed on asolid foundation; nor is it necessary to a successful use of the lamp to employ the automatic rotating mechanism described, as the lamp may be turned or rotated by hand.

Having described my invention, I claim 1. A multicarbon incandescent electric lamp consisting of a globe or receiver, G, from which the air is exhausted, having a partition, P, in the neck thereof, and provided with two or more carbons of high resistance electrically connected together at one end of the lamp with a leading-out or circuit wire, and each separately connected at the other end with an electrode passing through said partition and terminating in the chamber formed in the neck of the receiver in a drop of mercury or other substance that will form an electrical connection inserted therein, and a series of electrodes corresponding in number and placed opposite the first series and terminating in the mercury or contact substance in said chamber, said second series radiating from a common center electrically connected with a leading-in wire, the whole being constructed, arranged, and operating substantially as described.

2. The combination, in an incandescent electric lamp, of an oblong glass receiver terminating at each end in sealed tubes inclosing 1 circuit wires, and having aneck near one end containing a drop of mercury or other contact substance, and a chamber formed by a partition, P, supporting two or more electrodes passing through the same and connected at one end with a corresponding number of carbon filaments contained in said receiver, and a supporting-frame provided with journal bearings at each of its terminal ends, whereby electrical contact is produced in said chamber between the leading-in circuit-wire and each of said electrodes successively on the rotation of said receiver, as set forth.

3. An oblong glass receiver terminating at each end in sealed tubes inclosing circuit-wires and having a neck near one ofits ends containing a drop of mercury or other contact sub stance, and a partition, P, supporting two or more electrodes passing through thesame from said neck to a corresponding number of carbon filaments containedin said receiver, a frame, F, having journal bearings at each of its terminal ends, in which said receiver is supported and rotated, said glass receiver having permanent- -ly affixed to it near its neck an annular ring provided on its periphery with ratchet-teeth, in combination with mechanism for rotating the globe by means of said toothed ring, substantially as set forth.

4. In combination with an electric lamp provided with an annular ring having ratchetteeth on its periphery and capable of being rotated in a supporting-frame, the mechanism for rotating the same by means of the electric current on the extinguishment or breakage of the incandescent carbon,consisting of the coils O O, of high and'low resistance, respectively, with the core A and armatures A and A spring S", lever It, fulcrum F, and pawl R, constructed, arranged, and operating substantially as described.

5. A hollow supporting-frame, F, containing the wires of an electric circuit provided with journals at each of its opposite terminal ends, in combination with an oblong glass receiver having sealed terminal tubular ends inclosing leading-in and leading-out wires, respectively, and a separatechambered neck near one of its ends, containing a drop of mercury or other contact substance, a partition, P, supporting two or more electrodes passing through the same from said neck to a corresponding number of carbon filaments contained in said receiver, whereby electrical connection is formed between the leadingin wire and each of said. electrodes successively by contact of both with said mercury on the rotation of said receiver, as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two witnesses.

CRAIG R. ARNOLD.

\Vitnesses:

' FRANCIS S. BRowN,

H. T. FENTON.

IlO