US3371700A - Window shade - Google Patents

Description

March 5, 1968 ROMANO 3,371,700

' WINDOW SHADE Filed Jan.. 13, 1967 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 F/GJ INVENTOR.

RALPH ROM/1N0 A 7'7'ORNE VS. 7

March 5, 1968 ROMANO 3,371,700 I WINDOW SHADE Filed Jan. 13, 1967 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 v INVENTOR. RALPH ROMA/V0 ATTORNEYS.

March 5, 1968 R. ROMANO WINDOW SHADE Filed Jan. 15, 1967 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR.

RA LPH ROMA NO A T TOR/V575.

United States Patent Ofifice 3,371 ,700 Patented Mar. 5, 1968 3,371,700 WINDOW SHADE Ralph Romano, Levittown, Pa., assignor of ten percent to Harold B. Lipsius and ten percent to Arthur H. Seidel, both of Philadelphia, Pa. Continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 407,631,

Oct. 30, 1964. This application Jan. 13, 1967, Ser.

6 (Ilairns. (Cl. 160-84) ABSTRACT OF THE DHSCLOSURE A window shade and brackets for supporting such window shade wherein the brackets are severable to accommodate drapes which may be supported adjacent the window shade. The shade, when extended, presents a corrugated appearance and is highly attractive. The brackets permit the shade to be alternatively mounted substantially flush with a ceiling, to be mounted inside a window casing or outside a window casing. The severed brackets will support drapes adjacent the window shade irrespective of the position in which the window shade is mounted.

This application is a continuation-in-part application of patent application Ser. No. 407,631 filed Oct. 30, 1964, now abandoned, by Ralph Romano.

This invention relates to a window shade and more particularly, to a window shade supported by a pair of severable brackets wherein the brackets may be used to support drapes adjacent the window shade and wherein the shade is adapted to be raised in accordion-like fashion.

In many instances, it is desirable to provide a decorative window shade having drapes adjacent thereto. Usually,

the drapes are adapted to be drawn so that they conceal the window shade. This is not desirable where a highly decorative window shade, such as a Roman or Austrian type shade is used.

When Roman or Austrian shades are utilized, it is often desirable to mount such shades outside the window casing. The position in which such shades are mounted is largely a matter of individual choice and it may also be desirable to mount such shades within a window casing. When either mounting is used, it has not been in the past possible to easily mount drapes adjacent to such highly decorative shades, or to use the same brackets for either type of mounting. In some instances, it may also be desirable to mount the decorative shade or shade and drapes flush with the ceiling. In the past, it has generally been necessary to obtain special brackets for mounting either a window shade or a window shade and drapes flush with a ceiling.

Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide brackets for supporting a highly decorative window shade or such a window shade and drapes adjacent thereto.

Another object of this invention is to provide brackets which are severable and which are adapted to facilitate mounting of a window shade or a window shade and drapes flush with a ceiling. A further object of this invention is to provide brackets which may be utilized to mount a highly decorative window shade inside or outside a window casing which brackets may be severed and further utilized for mounting drapes adjacent such highly decorative window shade.

Another object of this invention is to provide a single set of brackets which may be used to mount a highly decorative window shade inside or outside a window casing or flush with a ceiling and wherein such brackets are severable to support drapes mounted adjacent the window shade.

A still further object of this invention is to provide a window shade which is slightly corrugated when fully extended and collapses in an accordion-like fashion.

Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a window shade of the character indicated which can be raised or lowered in an expedient manner with a minimum of effort.

Yet another object of the present invention is to provide brackets for supporting a highly decorative window shade which brackets may be installed with a minimum of effort and are highly versatile to provide various mountings of the window shade, window shade and drapes, window shade and curtains, window shade and swags, window shade and valances or any other desired decorative effects.

Other objects will appear hereinafter.

The above and other objects of the present invention are accomplished by providing brackets for supporting the window shade which have provisions for mounting a highly decorative window shade flush against a wall outside a window casing or, flush with a top wall of the window casing or, flush with a ceiling. The window shade, when fully extended, presents a corrugated appearance. An attractive effect is presented to enhance the decor of any particular room in which the shade of the present invention is utilized. The shade is adapted to be raised and lowered in a convenient expedient manner. The shade is adapted to be folded in an accordion-like fashion to present a neat and attractive appearance when raised.

The brackets which are utilized to support the shade are severable and the severed portions of the brackets may be positioned on the wall adjacent the window for supporting the highly attractive window shade. The, brackets may be modified so that a severed portion of the bracket supports drapes adjacent the highly decorative window shade when the window shade was originally mounted within the window casing.

For the purpose of illustrating the invention there is shown in the drawings a form which is presently preferred; it being understood, however, that this invention is not limited to the precise arrangements and instrumentalities shown.

FIGURE 1 is a front view in elevation of the window shade of the present invention mounted outside a window casing and having drapes supported adjacent thereto.

FIGURE 2 is a view similar to FIGURE 1 but illustrating the window shade in its raised position and showing the drapes broken away to thus expose the outer edge of the window casing.

FIGURE 3 is a rear view in elevation of the window shade in its fully extended position.

FIGURE 4 is a cross-sectional view taken substantially along the plane indicated by the line 4-4 in FIGURE 3.

FIGURE 5 is a perspective view of the bracket which is utilized to mount the window shade inside or outside of the window casing and which may be severed to support drapes adjacent the window shade.

FIGURE 6 is a perspective view of a bracket of the present invention which has been severed.

FIGURE 7 is a perspective view of one portion of a severed bracket of the present invention showing a modification of the bracket to support drapes adjacent the window shade which had been mounted within a window casing.

FIGURE 8 is a view to FIGURE 4 but illustrating the window shade in its raised position.

FIGURE 9 is a section view taken along line 99 in FIGURE 8.

FIGURE 10 is a section view taken along line 1010 in FIGURE 3.

Referring to FIGURES 1-4 in detail, wherein like numerals indicate like elements, a window shade is generally designated by the reference numeral 10.

The window shade 10 comprises'a generally rectangular piece of fabric having a front face 12 and a back face 14. The lowermost bottom panel 16 of the shade 10 is doubled back upon itself to form a loop 18. A weight such as a wooden slab 20 or the like is slidably disposed within the loop 18 for a purpose which will be made clear hereinafter.

The top panel 22 of the window shade 10 is doubled back upon itself to form a loop 24. A rod 26 which is preferably a conventional C-shaped curtain rod or a conventional lock C-shaped curtain rod is slidably disposed within the loop 24. The rod 26 is preferably constructed of two equal halves. One half telescopes over the other half to permit adjustment of the total length of the rod.

The rod 26 is adapted to be mounted upon spaced brackets 28 and 30 on opposite sides of a window casing. As will be explained in detail hereinafter, the brackets may be mounted inside or outside the window casing or flush with the ceiling. For convenience, bracket 28 may hereinafter be referred to as a left-hand bracket and bracket 30 may hereinafter be referred to as a righthand bracket.

Horizontally spaced vertical fabric strips 32, 33 and 34 are secured to the back 14 of the shade 10. A series of vertically spaced loops 36 are formed in the fabric strip 33 by slitting the fabric at vertically spaced points. In a similar manner loops 38 and 40 are formed in the fabric strips 32 and 34 respectively.

A piece of fabric or tape 42 is threaded through the loops 36 and secured at one end to a conventional window shade roller 50. The tape 42 is secured at its other end to the loop 18 by means of stitching 48. Similarly, tape strips 44 and 46 may be threaded through the loops 38 and 40 on the fabric strips 32 and 34 respectively. The window shade roller 50 is conventional and the strips may be fully wound thereon such as shown in FIGURE 8, or substantially entirely unwound therefrom such as shown in FIGURE 4. By means of a conventional lock mechanism in the window shade roller 58 the unwinding or winding of the strips 42, 44 and 46 may be halted at any position intermediate to the positions shown in FIG- URES 4 and 8.

When the tapes 42, 44 and 46 are wound upon the roller 50, the bottom panel 16 of the shade 10 will move vertically upwardly. The tapes will slide through their respective loops 36, 38 and 40. As the bottom panel 16 moves upwardly, it will cause panels or pleats 52 on the shade 10 to pivot relative to each other. The size of the panels 52 is determined by the spacing between the loops 36, 38 and 40. The panels 52 will fold in an accordionlike fashion and assume a final disposition, such as that shown in FIGURES 2 and 8. The term panels will be used hereinafter to indicate the panels or pleats 52.

The tapes 42, 44 and 46 may be unfurled from the roller 50 by causing the roller to rotate against the bias of a torsion spring secured at one of its ends to the roller and at its other end to the end cap of the roller. The roller 58 is locked against counter-rotation at various rotational increments by a suitable mechanism, such as a ratchet and pawl disposed within its end caps. When a shade is completely unwound from the roller, the force exerted on the roller by the torsion spring will be sufficient to override the ratchet and pawl locking mechanism and the roller can wind the tape strips 42, 44 and 46 completely about itself as illustrated in FIGURE 8.

The roller 50 is supported by the brackets 28 and 30. As the roller is rotated against the bias of the torsion spring, the tape strips 42, 44 and 46 are unwound. The unwinding of the tape strips will allow the panels 52 to assume their fully open position as illustrated in FIG- URES 1, 3 and 4.

When the window shade 10 is fully extended, the torsion spring within the roller 50 will exert a slight bias upon the tapes 42, 44 and 46 in an upward direction. The tapes are not fully unwound when the shade is in its fully extended position, since the full unwinding of the tapes 42, 44 and 46 would cause the force exerted by the torsion spring within the roller to overcome the lock mechanism and cause the shade to move upwardly. Hence, the shade 10 when fully extended presents a pleasing rippled or corrugated effect.

The weight 20 within the loop 18 maintains the bottom panel 16 of the shade 10 in a substantially vertical position at all times. The panel 16 may also be conveniently grasped for unwinding or rewinding the fabric strips on the roller 50.

It is readily apparent that the shade 10 can be used to enhance the decor of any room. The fabric from which the shade 10 is formed may be of any suitable color. The shade 10 can be folded in an accordion-like fashion in a simple and expedient manner by merely pulling the weight 20 within the loop downwardly from its fully extended. position thereby overcoming the lock mechanism in the shade roller 50. The size of the panels 52 formed in the shade 10 is determined by the spacing between the loops 36, 38 and 40 on their respective fabric strips.

Referring now particularly to FIGURES 5-7 and 9, there is disclosed therein a left-hand bracket 28 and a right-hand bracket 30. The brackets are substantially identical, although they are of opposite hand. Left-hand bracket 28 will be described in detail, and similar structure on bracket 30 will be noted by identical reference numerals having a prime notation.

The bracket 28 may be mounted inside a window casing 54 or outside such window casing. When mounted inside the window casing, the bracket 28 will be secured to the top wall 56 of such window casing. When mounted outside the window casing, the bracket will be secured to a wall 73 or the ceiling. The bracket 28 has a main body portion 58. The main body portion 58 is scored or otherwise weakened at 60 to permit severing of the main body portion into two substantially equal segments. Both parts of the severed bracket will be used as supports.

The bracket 28 has two forwardly projecting members 62 and 64. The members 62 and 64 extend at substantially right angles from the body portion 58. Each of the mounting members is provided with holes 66 therein to facilitate mounting of the bracket 28. The number and location of holes 66 may be varied in accordance with the shape and size of the members 62 and 64. Screws, nails, or other suitable securing means 68 are adapted to be inserted into the holes 66 so that the bracket 28 may be secured to the top wall 56 of a window casing 54. Alternatively, the bracket may be mounted in the ceiling when the shade 10 is to be used on a large window which terminates adjacent the ceiling.

A separation 70 is provided between the mounting members 62 and 64 so that such mounting members will not impede severing of the main body portion 58 of the bracket 28. Holes 72 may also be provided in the main body portion 58. The holes 72 are adapted to receive screws, nails or other securing means 74. The holes 72 and securing means 74 would be utilized in mounting the bracket outside the window casing, such as one wall 73.

A forwardly projecting shade roller support 76 is integrally connected to the bracket 28 and extends at a substantially right angle from the body portion 58. The shade roller support 76 has a slot 78 therein which is adapted to receive and support an outwardly projecting end 80 of the roller 50.

The main body portion 58 of the bracket 28 has a forwardly projecting shade supporting arm 82 integral therewith. The arm 82 extends at a substantially right angle from the body portion 58. The arm 82 is curved at 84 for a purpose which will be discussed in detail hereinafter. The arm 82 is provided with a weakened portion 86 which permits the arm 82 to be bent at the weakened portion 86 so that it lies in a plane substantially parallel with the plane defined by main body portion 58. The arm 82' on bracket 30 is shown bent at the weakened portion 86' in FIGURE 7.

The brackets 28 and 30 are very versatile and provide for a plurality of various mountings of the window shade and drapes 31 adjacent the window shade. The bracket is similar in most respects to the bracket 28 but is of opposite hand. Suflicient clearance is provided at 90 between the forwardly projecting mounting members 62 and 64 and the shade support arm 82 thus permitting ready access to the arm 82 should it be desired to bend the same along the weakened portion 86.

A hole 88 is provided in the forwardly projecting shade roller 76' on the bracket 30. The hole 88 provides for a secure mounting of the shade roller 50 which has one end inserted into the hole 88 and the other end 80 in slot 78 in bracket 28.

The rod 26 may be provided with an inwardly projecting portion 92 or may be straight throughout the entire length thereof. The type of rod used Will depend upon the manner and position in which the brackets are mounted.

In using the present invention, the following alternative mountings of the Window shade or the window shade and drapes are available. The following types of mountings are by way of illustration only and the inventionis not limited to any particular type or types of mountings.

If it were desired to mount the shade 10 within the window casing 54, the brackets 28 and 30 would be secured to the top wall 56 of the window casing by nails, screws or other suitable securing means 68. To provide adequate support for mounting the window shade it would only be necessary to secure the mounting means 68 through the holes 66 and 66' in the mounting members 64 and 64. When this type of mounting is used, the shade is preferably mounted on a rod 26 which has inwardly projecting portions 92 at its ends. The rod 26 is secured to thebrackets 28 and 30 by merely pushing the ends of the rod 26 onto the forwardly projecting shade supporting arms 82 and 82'. The rod 26 will be held in place by tight frictional engagement with the arms 82 and 82 at several spaced points in view of the curves 84 and 84 on the arms 82 and 82. The roller 50 with the tape strips 42, 44 and 46 thereon is inserted into the shade roller supports 76 and 76'. One projecting end of the roller 50 is inserted into the hole 88 on the support 76' and the other projecting end 80 of the roller 50 is thereafter dropped into the slot 78 on the support 76. The roller 50 will normally be mounted prior to mounting the rod 26 which has the shade 10 thereon. The shade 10 will conceal the roller 50 and tape strips 42, 44 and 46 attached thereto. Thus, the shade 10 will enhance the decor of the room in which it is utilized.

If at a later date it is desired to mount the drapes 31 adjacent to shade 10 to further enhance the decor of the room, it is merely necessary to sever the brackets 28 and 30 along the weakened portions and 60'. The arms 82 and 82' are bent at their weakened portions 86 and 86' so that both arms 82 and 82 project toward each other and obtain substantially the orientation of the severed portion of bracket 30 shown in FIGURE 7. The thusly severed portions of the brackets 28 and 30 are mounted outside the window casing and attached to the wall 73 by securing means 74 through the holes 72. A straight rod 26 of the type which is used conventionally in mounting curtains may then be used instead of the rod 26 having inwardly projecting portions 92.

The severed portion of bracket 28 is substantially identical to the severed portion of bracket 30 shown in FIG- URE 7, except that it is of opposite hand. Both the window shade 10 and the drapes 31 are mounted on the telescoping rod 26. The rod 26 is contracted to fit in between the ends of the arms 82 and 82'. Thereafter, the rods are extended so that the ends thereof engage the arms 82 and 82. Due to the curves 84 and 84 on the arms 82 and 82, the rod 26 is in tight frictional engagement with the arms. The purpose of bending the arms 82 and 82 is to enable both the drapes and the window shade to be mounted flush with the wall 73 to thus allow the window shade roller to continue to be supported by the supports 76 and 76 which are mounted inside the window casing 54. Thereafter, the decor of the room is enhanced not only by the attractive Roman or Austrian shade but also by the drapes 31 which are mounted adjacent to the shade.

In other instances, it may be desired to mount the attractive window shade 10 outside the window casing 54. In these instances, the brackets 28 and 30 are secured to the wall 73 by securing means 74. Again, it is not neces sary to use more than two of the holes 72 on each of the brackets and preferably the holes which are used are adjacent the shade roller supports 76 and 76'. The shade roller 50 and rod 26 are connected to the brackets 28 and 30 in substantially the same manner as hereinbefore discussed when the brackets are mounted within the window casing 54. The rod 26 having inwardly projecting portions 92 is preferred for this type of mounting.

Thereafter, if it is desired to support drapes adjacent the Window shade 10, it is merely necessary to break the brackets 28 and 30 at their weakened portions 60. The severed portions of the brackets which include the for wardly projecting shade supporting arms 82 and 82' are moved along the wall 73 to a desired location to thus accommodate the drapes 31 which are to be mounted adjacent the window shade 10. Suitable securing means 74 are used to mount each of the severed portions of the brackets 28 and 30 to the wall 73. Thereafter, the same rod 26 is expanded in length and supports the drapes 31 adjacent the window shade 10. In this instance, it is not necessary to bend the arms 82 and 82' at their weakened portions 86 and 86, respectively, due to mounting of the shade roller supports 76 and 76 on the wall 73.

The brackets 28 and 30 may also be mounted onto the ceiling by securing means 68 through the holes 66 and 66 in the mounting members 64 and 64'. This type of mounting would be most desirable if the window terminated adjacent the ceiling. Thereafter drapes 31 could be mounted adjacent the window shade 10 in the same manner as heretofore discussed with respect to the mounting of the window shade outside of the window casing 54. The only difference being that the severed portions of the brackets 28 and 30 would also be mounted to the ceiling by securing means 68 through the holes 66 and 66 on the mounting members 62 and 62', respectively.

By the use of the present invention, the decor of a room can be enhanced greatly. An attractive Roman or Austrian window shade and drapes can be mounted at the same time, or if desired, the window shade can be mounted and at some later date the drapes can be mounted adjacent the window shade. The brackets 28 and 30 are very versatile and by use of the same the window shade may be mounted, for example, inside the window casing, outside the window casing, or flush with the ceiling. When mounted in any of the specified positions, it is a simple matter to merely snap the brackets 28 and 30 along their weakened portions 60 and 60', and thereafter mount drapes 31 adjacent the window shade in the manner set forth hereinabove.

The loops 36, 38 and 40 On their respective fabric strips are preferably spaced one inch apart measured from the centers of the loops. The size of the panels 52 on the window shade may be varied by threading the tape strips 42, 44 and 46 through selected loops. Thus, in some instances it may be desired to thread the tape strips through every third loop or every fourth loop, etc. The particular loops through which the tape strips will be threaded will be governed by personal choice and providing a plurality of loops spaced one inch apart permits many variations. The size of the panels 52 will be determined by the distance between the loops through which the tape strips are threaded.

In many instances, the drapes 31 will have a loop at the upper end thereof. In these instances, the drapes 31 will be attached to the rod 26 in the same manner as the window shade 10 is attached to the rod 26. It is clear that in some instances it may be desired to overlap the drapes 31 over the window shade 10. This may be accomplished by providing conventional drapery clips at the upper end of the drapes 31 and clipping the drapes to the rod 26. The drapes may then overlap the edges of the window shade 10, or may be positioned to completely conceal the shade 10. The drapery clips which engage the rod 26 will also engage the top panel 22 of the shade 10 when this mounting is utilized. The connection of the drapery clips to the panel 22 will serve to prevent lateral shifting of the window shade 10 along the rod 26.

The invention herein is not limited merely to the use of drapes adjacent the window shade and includes the use of curtains, swags, valances and any other desired decorative effects mounted adjacent the window shade. Furthermore, the curtains, swags, valances and other decorative effects may be adapted to overlap the window shade by mounting the same with conventional drapery clips or may be provided with loops at their uppermost ends and the rod 26 inserted into such loops.

The present invention may be embodied in other specific form's without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof and, accordingly, reference should be made to the appended claims, rather than to the foregoing specifications as indicating the scope of the invention.

I claim:

1. A window shade assembly comprising an accordiontype folding window shade including a substantially rectangular piece of fabric, a rod for supporting said fabric, said fabric having a front face and a rear face, means connected to said fabric for causing said fabric to collapse in an accordion-like fashion from a substantially upright position into a plurality of superimposed substantially horizontal panels, said means including a plurality of strips of material secured to the rear face of said fabric, each of said strips of material including a column of spaced guide loops, the distance between said loops defining the area of said panels, a window shade roller having a conventional lock mechanism and a conventional rewind mechanism, the axis of said roller being parallel with and spaced from the axis of said fabric supporting rod, a lefthand bracket and a right-hand bracket, said brackets being severable along a weakened portion to provide an inside segment and an outside segment of each of said brackets, the inside segment of each of said brackets having means for supporting the ends of said window shade roller, projecting means integral with the outside segment of each of said brackets for supporting the end of said rod and being adapted, when the brackets are severed, to support drapes which may be mounted on said rod adjacent said window shade, said projecting means including forwardly projecting fingers on each of said outside segments of said brackets, the ends of said fabric supporting rod being in tight frictional engagement with said forwardly projecting fingers to retain said rod in its desired position, said means connected to said fabric for causing said fabric to collapse in an accordion-like fashion further including a plurality of flexible elements, one element being associated with each strip of material, the elements being threaded through the guide loops of the strips and being fixedly connected at their upper ends to the window shade roller for winding thereon and being further fixedly connected at their lower ends to the lower end of the fabric, the length of said elements being related to the length of said fabric so that portions of said elements will remain wound on said window shade roller when the fabric is in its substantially upright position, said elements being further related to the length of the fabric so that the elements can be completely unwound from the window shade roller whereby the rewind mechanism of the window shade roller will overcome the lock mechanism of such roller and the lower end of the fabric will be raised by the rewind mechanism, the length of said elements being such that when said fabric is in its substantially upright position it presents a slightly corru gated appearance.

2. A window shade assembly as set forth in claim 1 wherein said rod is a C-shaped curtain rod, said forwardly projecting fingers on the outside segments of said brackets are curved so that when said C-shaped rod is pushed onto said fingers said rod will be held in tight frictional engagement therewith.

3. A window shade assembly as set forth in claim 2 wherein the forwardly projecting fingers are weakened to facilitate bending of the same thus permitting the outside segments of said brackets to be mounted outside a window casing while the inside segments of said brackets are mounted inside such window casing.

4. A window shade assembly comprising an accordiontype window shade including a substantially rectangular piece of fabric, a rod for supporting said fabric, said fabric having a front face and a rear face, mean connected to said fabric for causing said fabric to collapse in an accordion-like fashion from a substantially upright position into a plurality of superimposed substantially horizontal panels, said means including a plurality of strips of material secured to the rear face of said fabric, each of said strips of material including a column of spaced guide loops, the distance between said loops defining the size of said panels, a window shade roller, the axis of said roller being parallel with and spaced from the axis of said fabric supporting rod, a first bracket and a second bracket, each of said brackets being severable along a weakened portion to provide an inside segment and an outside segment of each of said brackets, means on the inside segment of each of said brackets for supporting said window shade roller, projecting means integral with the outside segment of each of said brackets for supporting said fabric supporting rod, said projecting means including at least one projecting finger on each of said outside segments of said brackets, the ends of said fabric supporting rod being in secure frictional engagement with said projecting fingers to thereby retain said rod in its desired position, said means connected to said fabric for causing said fabric to collapse in an accordion-like fashion further including a plurality of flexible elements, one element being associated with each strip of material, the elements being threaded through the guide loops of the strips and being fixedly connected at their upper ends to the window shade roller for winding thereon and being further fixedly connected at their lower ends to the lower end of the fabric, the length of said elements being such that when fabric is in its substantially upright position it presents a slightly corrugated appearance.

5. A window shade assembly as set forth in claim 4 wherein said rod is a C-shaped curtain rod, said projecting fingers on the outside segments of said brackets are References Cited 23? S 13?; ii i-ifi i iiiii ih lii ii iii 1313 UNITED STATES PATENTS e e 1c1 a begeflected g g 300,063 6/1884 Geertz 160-84 6. A window shade assembly as set forth in claim 4 5 1501843 7/1924 Dumeu et 248*252 wherein the projecting fingers are weakened to facilitate 2,295,137 9/1942 Sutton 160 184 bending of the same whereby the outside segments of 252L062 9/1950 Holt 248252 said brackets may be mounted outside a window casing while the inside segments of said brackets are mounted DAVID WILLIAMOWSKY P'lmary Emmmer' inside such window casing. 10 PETER M. CAUN, Examiner.

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