Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
  • D06M13/12—Aldehydes; Ketones
  • D06M13/127—Mono-aldehydes, e.g. formaldehyde; Monoketones
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
  • C08G12/00—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with only compounds containing hydrogen attached to nitrogen
  • C08G12/02—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with only compounds containing hydrogen attached to nitrogen of aldehydes
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
  • D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • D06M15/39—Aldehyde resins; Ketone resins; Polyacetals
  • D06M15/423—Amino-aldehyde resins

Definitions

• This invention relates to novel compositions and in particular to novel water-soluble compositions ideally suited for use as cross-linking or crease proofing agents for cellulosic textile materials, to the process for applying the same to said textiles and to the textile materials finished therewith. Particularly, it relates to such compositions which when applied to cellulosic textile materials will impart improved wrinkle resistance and dimensional stability thereto with an unexpectedly minimal strength loss due to chlorine retention, resulting from the laundering of such materials in the presence of chlorine bleaches.
• Aminoplast of the type employed in the impartation of crease resistance to cellulosic textile materials do to varying degrees impart finishes which adversely affect the tensile strength of such materials both initially and as a result of chlorine retention from chlorine bleaching solutions normally employed in the laundering of such materials. This adverse effect normally results when the material so laundered is ironed or calendered during which time hydrochloric acid is formed which causes degradation of the tensile strength of the treated material.
• Such aminoplasts typically are those resulting from the condensation of urea and its various analogues such as thiourea, the triazines such as the melamines, guanamines and the like with formaldehyde and includes of course their etherified or alkylated derivatives.
• Formaldehyde has long been known as a cross-linking agent for cellulosic materials and has been known to impart crease resistance and dimensional stability to such materials.
• formaldehyde is difiicult to control to achieve uniform results and in addition is difficult to work with due to its ability to sensitize workmen and its potent disagreeable odor.
• formaldehyde can seriously adversely affect the initial tensile strength values for cellulosic materials finished therewith.
• Another object is to provide a process for applying crease resisting finishes to cellulosic textile materials employing the above referred to combinations and to provide crease resistant cellulosic textile materials characterized by said improved properties.
• novel compositions comprising in relative weight ratios per 100 parts by weight of active components from about 40 to about 95 parts by weight of a highly methylolated aminoplast and from about to about 5 parts by weight of formaldehyde.
• such composi' tions will contain from between about 55 to about 90 parts of a highly methylolated aminoplast and from about 10 to about 45 parts of formaldehyde.
• the material so finished is characterized by minimum losses in tensile strength due to chlorine retention, low initial tensile strength losses, minimum discoloration due to chlorine retention, and the results are predictable and uniformly obtained.
• the present definition is particularly directed to such poly-functional compounds containing at least two amino or imino radicals in their molecules of which at least of the labile hydrogens available for condensation with formaldehyde have been so condensed.
• at least of the available labile hydrogens are condensed with formaldehyde.
• the alkylated, as for example the methylated, derivatives of such formaldehyde condensates are intended to be contemplated by the above defined term.
• cellulose-containing textile mateinit fibers, yarns, filaments, formed fabrics whether knitted, woven or non-woven, felted or otherwise formed containing at least 50% of cellulosic fiber as for example cotton, viscose rayon, linen, flax, jute, ramie or other material which are characteristically cellulosic.
• cellulosic textile materials may be employed in combination with other known textile materials as for example they may be blended with other natural or synthetic fibers as for example silk, wool, the acrylic and polyester fibers, the nylons and the like.
• formaldehyde as it is employed herein it is meant formaldehyde such as is normally available in 37% or 44% aqueous solutions or the polymeric forms thereof such as para-formaldehyde.
• Typical aminoplasts which may be employed in accordance with the present invention are melamineformaldehyde condensates such as those containing from about 4 to 6 moles of combined formaldehyde and optionally from 4 to 6 moles of alcohol, such as for example methyl and ethyl alcohol, although other aliphatic monohydric alcohols and poly alcohols and ether alcohols are also contemplated.
• melamine-formaldehyde condensates may be prepared in general in accordance with the disclosure in the US. Patent 2,197,357 and US. Patent 2,529,856.
• Typical melamine-formaldehyde condensates employable in accordance with this invention include hexakis(methoxymethyl)melarnine and other substantially fully methylolated melamines and substantially fully etherified substantially fully methylolated melamines.
• products which contain a minimum of about 5.5 moles of combined formaldehyde per mole of melamine and preferably up to 6 combined moles of formaldehyde and where alkylated it is meant that at least about moles of the available methylol groups on the melamine have been reacted with a suitable alcohol such as methanol, ethanol, various glycols and other alkylating agents as readily suggest themselves to one skilled in the art.
• a suitable alcohol such as methanol, ethanol, various glycols and other alkylating agents as readily suggest themselves to one skilled in the art.
• the formaldehyde condensates, urea, thiourea and various of their analogues are contemplated, for example dimethylol urea, alkylated urea-formaldehyde condensates such as methylated dimethylol urea and thiourea, dimethylol ethylene urea, dimethylol ethylene thiourea, dimethylol 1,2-propylene urea and thiourea, dimethylol 1,3-propylene urea and thiourea and other related homologous compounds.
• the highly methylolated thiobisamides described in U.S. Patent 2,887,408 are contemplated.
• Guanamine-formaldehyde condensates characterized by at least about three of the four availabe labile h drogens condensed with formaldehyde are contemplated as for example those described in U.S. Patent 2,887,409 such as the tetramethylol derivatives of methoxyacetoguanamine, ethoxyacetoguanamine, tertiary butoxyacetoguanamine and the like.
• Suitable aminoplasts are the highly methylolated triazones such as are described in U.S. Patent 2,304,624.
• the fully methylolated tetrahydro S-(fi-hydroxyethyl)-5-triazone and other related homologous compounds are contemplated.
• aminoplast contemplated for use in accordance with the present invention are the urons as for example N,N-bis(methoxymethyl)uron which compound and others closely related thereto are described in U.S. Patent 2,373,135.
• uron as it is employed herein it is meant the product obtained by the process described by Kadowaki [Bull. Chem. Soc. Japan 11, 248 (1936)] or by modifications of such process Where y urea (1.0 mole) and formaldehyde (4.25 moles) are reacted under neutral conditions and the reaction product then alkylated under strong acid conditions followed by extraction of the product with chloroform or chloroform and ether.
• compositions of this invention are preferably applied from the same bath with a curing accelerator therein.
• the compositions may be applied to the textile material by any of the conventional techniques in textile finishing as for example spraying, dipping, immersing, padding and the like in such amounts as to apply from about 1 to about 25% and in some instances higher amounts of the composition of this invention based on the dry weight of the fabric.
• the amount of the composition applied depends upon the particular type of fabric being treated.
• the concentration of from 1 to about 25% and preferably from about 2% to 12% based on the dry weight of the fabric are utilized.
• a catalyst utilized may be free acids, acid salts, alkanolamine salts, metal salts and the like.
• concentration of catalyst employed may range from about 0.1 to about 35% or higher based on the weight of active components depending upon the particular catalyst or accelerator employed.
• free acid such as phosphoric, lactic, tartaric, oxalic and the like may be employed while in the case of ammonium chloride amounts of from between 0.5 and about 10% may be used.
• amine salts such as alkanolamine salts such as diethanolamine hydrochloride from about 1.0 to about 10% are most useful, while with respect to salts such as magnesium chloride, zinc chloride, zinc nitrate, aluminum chloride and the like amounts of from between 5 and 35% have been successfully employed. In all instances the concentration of the catalyst is based on the weight of the active com ponents employed.
• the material is normally subject to drying and curing operations to effect the desirable wash and wear properties of crease resistance and shrinkage control.
• the drying and curing operation may be carried out in a single step or in separate steps.
• the temperature at which the drying and curing operations are effected vary widely and are influenced to some extent by the type of catalyst employed. Normally the range of temperature extends from about F. to about 450 F. or even higher.
• the time of the drying and/ or curing operation is inversely proportional to the temperature employed and of course is influenced by whether or not separate or combined drying and curing steps are employed.
• a time of from about one minute to about ten minutes may be employed at temperatures at from about 450 to 250 F., respectively.
• the fabric has been dried preliminary to curing, curing times on the: order of five minutes to about one quarter minute at a temperature of from between 250 and 450 F., respec-- tively havebeen successfully employed.
• test methods used are identified as follows.
• Example 2 The same procedure as was employed in Example 1 was employed with the exception that the agent for reactant is N,N'-bis(methoxymethyl)uron in combination with various other methylolated and alkylated methylolated ureas and hexamethoxymethylolmelamine.
• This particular uron composition may be described as a crude uron in accordance with the specification set forth above in combination with hexamethoxymethylol melamine.
• R and R are reflectance values obtained on a recording spectrophotometer, using a magnesium carbonate block as a reference standard at the wavelengths of 455 millimicrons and 577 millimicrons respectively.
• Example 1 Two percent solids of a product containing hexamethoxymethyl melamine in combination with dimethylol ethylene urea was applied to 80 x 80 cotton percale by padding, employing 12% magnesium chloride based on the weight of the hexamethoxymethylmelamine-dimethylol ethyleneurea mixture, plus 2, 5 or 8% of 37% formaldehyde added to the treating bath. (This is 0.74, 1.85 or 2.96% real formaldehyde in the bath.)
• the applications were made by immersing the pieces of cloth in their respective treating baths and padding the cloth on a pressure controlled three roll padder, to deposit 0.6, 1.5 or 2.4% real formaldehyde on the fabric. After padding, the swatches were dried for 1.5 minutes at 225 F. and cured for 1.5 minutes at 350 F.
• Example 3 Five percent total solids of a mixture of N,N'-bis(meth oxymethyl)uron and other urea formaldehyde condensates (a crude uron) alone or formaldehyde alone or combinations of these agents in various ratios were employed using 12% magnesium chloride based on the total active components as the accelerator. Swatches of the material were immersed in the respective baths and then padded, followed by drying at 225 F. for 1.5 minutes and curing at 350 F. for 1.5 minutes.
• the warp tensile tests were performed after initial scorching and after chlorine treatment.
• Example 4 The procedure here followed is the same as that employed in Example 3 with the exception that an pure N,N-bis(methoxymethyl)uron is substituted for the crude uron.
• An aqueous dilution containing 10.0% active component of the above mixture and 10% anhydrous zinc nitrate (based on the weight of active components) was prepared by diluting the reactant-catalyst combination with water.
• Table IV above demonstrates that considerably less tensile strength loss after chlorine scorching is obtained by the inclusion of formaldehyde with a refined N,N- bis(methoxymethyl)uron in accordance with the instant invention.
• Example 5 A 50% Active Component Composition comprising:
• the treated fabric was dried on a pin tenter frame at 225 -F. for 1 minute followed by curing at 250 F. for 1 minute.
• a portion of the treated fabric was then tested for initial tensile strength and wrinkle recover.
• the remaining portion of the treated fabric was subjected to 10 commercial launderings containing a sodium hypochlorite Agents. Parcent by Weight bleach followed by drying after each wash.
• the Yellowness Index was determined in the manner Total 50.00 described above.
• Table V demonstrates that employing compositions in accordance with this invention results in a finish having excellent wrinkle recovery, minimum tensile strength loss due to score-hing after chlorine bleaching and a yellowing index after laundering which is equal to that of unfinished fabric.
• aminoplast crease-proofing agents containing minor amounts of excess formaldehyde or free formaldehyde have long been known.
• such materials are normally characterized by the presence of at most 2 or 3% of free formaldehyde which usually is the result ofthe inability to completely remove ex cess formaldehyde from the condensate after its preparation or is the result of dissociation in stored masses of the condensate.
• free formaldehyde usually is the result ofthe inability to completely remove ex cess formaldehyde from the condensate after its preparation or is the result of dissociation in stored masses of the condensate.
• free formaldehyde for the most part do not in any way achieve the surprising results of the substantial amount of free formaldehyde employed in the novel compositions of this invention and are not contemplated thereby.
• compositions of this invention may be employed with various textile finishing resins or agents either thermosetting or thermoplastic to improve the durability of such finishes or to modify the hand or other characteris-tics of the finished fabric.
• various softeners, stitfeners, lubricants and other conventional textile treating agents and auxiliaries may be employed with the compositions of this invention.
• a process for imparting a crease resistant finish to cel-lulosic textile materials characterized by improved resistance to degradation due to chlorine retention which comprises applying a composition consisting essentially of from about 50 to about 90 parts by weight of a N,N'- bis-(methoxymethy1)uron and from about 45 to about 10 parts by weight of formaldehyde and a catalyst therefor, and thereafter curing said composition on the material by the application of heat.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
• Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)

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Citations (2)

• 0
  • BE BE629175D patent/BE629175A/xx unknown
  • NL NL289723D patent/NL289723A/xx unknown
• 1966
  • 1966-07-26 US US567812A patent/US3369857A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime

Patent Citations (2)

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