US336121A - Half to chaeles p - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet l.

J. P. LAND.

APPARATUS FOR GARBONIZING AND DESTROYING VEGETABLE MATTER I IN WOOL. No. 336,121. Patented Feb. 16, 1886.

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(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2. J. P. LAND.

APPARATUS FOR OARBONIZING AND DESTROYING VEGETABLE MATTER IN WOOL.

Patented Feb. 16, 1886.

witnesses.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICEQ JAMES P. LAND, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR OF ONE- HALF TO CHARLES P. RING, OF SAME PLACE.

APPARATUS FOR CARBONIZING AND DESTROYING VEGETABLE MATTER lN WOOL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 336,121, dated February 16, 1886.

Application filed May 22, 1885. Serial No. 166,393. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JAMES P. LAND, a citizen of the United States, residing at Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in an Apparatus for Carbonizing and Destroying Vegetable Matter in Wool, of which the following is a specification.

In the preliminary process wool is immersed or steeped in a chemical solution preparatory to the application of pure hot dry air, to thoroughly carbonize any vegetable matter contained therein. V001 thus steeped is laid upon a wire screen on the top of a hot-air chamber, and a current or blast of pure air, heated by fire and superheated steam to a high temperature, is forced upon and through the wool, the supply of air being drawn by a rotary fan through a series of pipes arranged Within a heating-furnace and forced into a heating-chamber around coils of pipe containing superheated steam, and by a communicating fiue into the hot-air chamber to the outlets of the air-pipe, from whence the pressure of the blast forces it upon a coil of pipe contained within said chamber, also heated by superheated steam, and on and up through the wire screen into the wool. In order to preserve the purity and whiteness of wool, so desirable, the air thus heated must be entirely free from gas or the fumes of sulphur that arise from the combustion of coal; otherwise the vitality of the wool, which is so essential to preserve for manufacturing purposes, would be destroyed.

To accomplish the preservation of the pnrity of wool and retain all the spinning and fulling qualities which are so necessary is the object of my invention. I do this by forcing a stream of highly-heated pure air upon and through the saturated wool, as will be understood by the following description:

My invention relates to an apparatus for drying wool that has been steeped in a chemical solution; and it consists of a furnace arranged for the combustion of coal, or equivalent fuel, for the generation of heat, provided with a space or chamber above the fire-box sufficiently large to permit of the reception 5o longitudinally of a series of tubes walled or built in at each end in such a manner that the products of combustion pass around the-external surfaces of the tubes, thoroughly heating them, without permitting any of the-gas or 5 fumes from the fire to have access to their interiors. The front ends of the tubes are open outside of the furnace to allow of the entrance of air, while their rear ends are covered by the bell-mouth of a pipe or flue leading to and connected with the forward end of a heating chamber, which is in turn connected at its rear end to a flue leading into and having one lets in the hot-air chamber. Upon the top of this hot-air chamber is secured a wire screen for the reception of the wool. The central tube of the series arranged within the furnace is of sufficient diameter to allow of the reception of a steam-drum (having reduced inlet and outlet pipes at its ends) fed from a steam- 7o boiler placed at any suitable point from said furnace. This drum extends through from end to end of the furnace, and is connected by a pipe of reduced diameter to a series of coils in the heating-chamber, and from thence into a coil resting horizontally upon an open rack in the hot-airdrying-ehamber, thus supplying a volume of superheated steam through all the coils during the process of carbonizing. A rotary fan impelled by motive power communicated through a belt which passes over a pulley upon the outer end of the central shaft of said fan draws in air through the series of tubes within the furnace, forcing a current into the heating-chamber, and from thence out of the ends of the flue into the hot-air chamber. The desire being to superheat the steam in its passage, and the heated air coming in contact with all the coils of pipe, cause an intense hot blast of pure air to be forced 0 upon, into, and through the wool, as will be more fully hereinafter described.

In the accompanying drawings,which make a part of this specification, Figure 1 is a plan view of my apparatus having the tops of the 5 heating-chamber F and the hot-air chambers K K removed. Fig. 2 is a like view of the dryingscreen. Fig. 3 is a view looking in the direction of the arrow B, Fig. 1, upon the side of the apparatus. Fig. 4 is a View, partly in section, on the broken line x x, looking in the direction of the arrow S of Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a side view, upon an enlarged scale, of the steam-drum T in connection with a tube, D, the tube being in section.

Like letters of reference in all the figures indicate the same parts.

A represents a furnace, b the fire-box, and c the ash-pit. Above the fire-box is placed the deflecting-plate B, which causes the heat and flames to pass to and around the rear portions of the tubes, thoroughly heating the exposed exterior surfaces of said tubes previous to the exit of the gas and fumes arising during combustion through and out of the stack 0 (seen in Fig. 4) at the front of the furnace. Within the chamber d, above the fire, are arranged longitudinally the, series of tubes D, whose end portions are securely held by the front and rear walls, e e.

E is a fine provided with a bell end connected to the rear of the furnace and inclosing the outlet-openings of the tubes. The opposite cylindrical end of this flue E passes into the forward end of the heating-chamber F. Midway in said flue E, impelled by motive power communicated by a belt passing around the pulley Z, is the rotary fan L, which draws in air through the tubes D from their open ends at the front of the furnace, forcing the current into the chamber F, where it becomes more highly heated by coming in contact with the coils of steam-pipes G, which are fed with steam that has been superheated in its passage through the drum T, contained within the central tube of the series D in the furnace, from whence the pressure continues the current of air through the chamber F, into the flue E, and out of the openings ff, which project upward from the floor-of the hot-air chamber K, the current of air continuing on and around the coil of pipe G which rests upon the rack H, forcing its passage through the wire screen J into and through the Wool thereon upon the top of said screen. Two outlets, f f, are provided to the extreme end of the flue E, which rests upon the floor of the chamber K, to more equally diffuse the blast of air over the area.

A pipe of small diameter, G, projects from the forward end of the drum T in the furnace for the purpose of permitting of the attachment of a coupling to a pipe leading from a steam-boiler for supplying live steam to the drum to be superheated therein. The rear end of said drum T is in turn connected by a .pipe of reduced diameter to the tiers of coils in the chamber F, a continuation of the pipe leading into the coil G in the chamber K, .whereby a constant supply of superheated steam is maintained throughout all the coils.

A drip, K,-permits ofthe escape. of condensation.

An enlarged View of the steam-drum T is shown in Fig. 5.

Any number of hot-air chambers provided wit-h screens may be used, as will suit the capacity of the apparatus.

A fender, N, (seen in Figs. 1 and 4,) is placed in front of the open ends of the tubes D, to prevent the entrance of dust or ashes, that might arise from the fire.

The operation is as follows: Fire is started within the furnace A,- and when the tubes D have been sufficiently heated live steam from a boiler is admitted into the pipe G. From thence the pressure forces it into the drum T, where it is superheated by the action of the fire, and passes thence into all the coils G in the chamber F, and into the coil G in the hot-air chamber K. Motion is then imparted by means of a belt (connected with motive power) to the pulley Z, which causes the fan L to revolve rapidly and draw in air through the tubes D from the front of the furnace, forcing a current of highly-heated air into the chamber F around the coils of superheated steam-pipe, whence the current is maintained through the flue E into the chamber K, and out of the end openings,f f, of said flue E upon and around the coil of pipe G From thence the constant pressure forces the blast through the screen J and into the wool laid thereon.

By the means described of carbonizing and destroying vegetable matter containedin wool that has been saturatedin a chemical solution the fibers retain their purity, the vitality is not destroyed, nor do they lose their spinning and fulling qualities.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The furnace A, having the chamber d,

in which are arranged the tubes D, with their front ends exposed to the atmosphere for supplying and heating pure air, and the drum T, surrounding the central tube of the series, conveying superheated steam to the coils of pipes G G substantially as herein shown and described, for the purpose set forth.

2. In apparatus for carbonizing and destroying vegetable matter in wool, the furnace A, constructed as described, having the steamdrum T, arranged within a tube of the series D, for containing steam to be superheated, substantially as shown and described.

3. In apparatus for carbonizing and destroying vegetable matter in wool, the furnace A, in combination with the tubes D and drum T, for supplying heated air and superheated steam, substantially in the manner described.

4. In apparatus for carbonizing and destroying vegetable matter in wool, the hot-air drying-chamber K, having the coil of pipe G and wire screen J, substantially as shown and described. V

5. In apparatus for carbonizing and destroying vegetable matter in wool, the furnace A, constructed as described, in combination with flue E, having fan L, heating-chamberF, having coils of pipe G, flue E, provided with outlets f f, and hot-air chamber K, having the coil G and wire screen, whereby a current of pure highly-heated air is forced into 10 and through the wool, substantially in the manner described, for the purpose specified.

JAMES P. LAND. Witnesses:

THOMAS J. BEwLEY, J OHN MANDER.

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