US3352443A - Internal suspended insulating ceiling for storage tanks - Google Patents
Internal suspended insulating ceiling for storage tanks Download PDFInfo
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- US3352443A US3352443A US514029A US51402965A US3352443A US 3352443 A US3352443 A US 3352443A US 514029 A US514029 A US 514029A US 51402965 A US51402965 A US 51402965A US 3352443 A US3352443 A US 3352443A
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- Prior art keywords
- ceiling
- tank
- roof
- metal
- wall
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
- F17C3/02—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation
- F17C3/022—Land-based bulk storage containers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/01—Shape
- F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
- F17C2201/0109—Shape cylindrical with exteriorly curved end-piece
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/03—Orientation
- F17C2201/032—Orientation with substantially vertical main axis
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/05—Size
- F17C2201/052—Size large (>1000 m3)
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
- F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
- F17C2203/0626—Multiple walls
- F17C2203/0629—Two walls
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
- F17C2203/0636—Metals
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
- F17C2203/0678—Concrete
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
- F17C2221/011—Oxygen
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
- F17C2221/012—Hydrogen
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
- F17C2221/014—Nitrogen
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/03—Mixtures
- F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
- F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/03—Mixtures
- F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
- F17C2221/035—Propane butane, e.g. LPG, GPL
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
- F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
- F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
- F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S220/00—Receptacles
- Y10S220/901—Liquified gas content, cryogenic
Definitions
- This invention -relates to insulated storage tanks where heat gain or loss is a problem. More particularly, this invention is concerned with improved tanks which have low heat-leak and heat-input characteristics and which are more economical to construct than many other tanks of comparable size and which are so constructed as to have a more trouble-free service life.
- the invention is especially suitable for refrigerated storage tanks, such as for storing liqueed gases.
- Insulated storage tanks are generally an enclosed met-al shell having such insulation thereon as to reduce heat transfer to the extent considered practical.
- Such tanks can be used to store edible materials such as grains and oils where temperature control of the product is advantageous, as well as liquid petroleum products of all types.
- gases are stored in liqueed condition in insulated tanks.
- gases are hydrogen, nitrogen,'oxygen, methane (natur-al gas), ethylene and propane.
- One type of tank for storing such gases in liqueed form is comprised of an enclosed metal shell, usually of metal plate, which remains ductile at the extremely low temperatures at which the liqueiied gas is stored.
- pre-assembled insulation panels or precast blocks cannot readily be itted on the outside of the roof.
- all external roof insulation which is the conventional Way of insulating such tanks, is exposed to the weathering action of sun, rain, snow and ice and temperature extremes due to weather changes, as well as the mechanical forces and movements associated with weather and operating conditions.
- the roof insulation life is thus often short and maintenance high as compared to the more easily applied and better protected insulation on the vertical, cylindrical walls of the tank, and the insulated bottom which is inherently protected.
- an improved, enclosed, insulated tank for storing solid and liquid materials at temperatures above land below ambient temperature, including liqueed gases, such as stored at about atmospheric pressure.
- the tank has an enclosed metal shell having -a metal bottom, a metal wall and a metal roof, with both the bottom and wall being insulated adequately to suitably retard heatleak or heat-input.
- the area surrounded by the wall is enclosed by a roof which for practicing this invention is advisably of noninsulating metal plate but which can, if desired, be insulated.
- the improved liquid storage tank has an insulated, advisably fixed-position ceiling suspended from the roof by suitable means. The periphery of the insulated suspended ceiling conforms at least approximately to the inside horizontal shape of the tank wall.
- the ceiling can contact the inside wall surface, there is advisably clearance provided between them.
- Such clearance is useful when the tank contains a liquid product or liquefied gas product so that vapor transmission can be effected by means of such clearance from below the ceiling to the space above it and from the space above the ceiling to the space below it.
- Vapor transmission to and from the spaces above and below the ceiling alternatively can be effected -by suitable ports provided in the suspended ceiling or by a ceiling which is not gas tight. Vapor transmission 'between such spaces prevents creation of a pressure differential between such spaces from heat-leak, heat-input or such as by flashingV of ya liquid cryogen into the tank during lilling, or emptying, which could cause damaging forces on the ceiling.
- FIGURE 5 is a vertical, sectional view on the line 5--5 of FIG. 2 and shows the structure used for supporting the abutting ends of joists used in the ceiling assembly;
- FIGURE 7 is a vertical, sectional view showingvthe rafter means used for distributing the load of the suspended ceiling of FIG. l over the Iroof area;
- FIGURE 8 is a horizontal section, partially broken away, through a tank wall above the upper surface of another embodiment of the insulated ceiling.
- FIGURE 9 is a partial vertical section through an enclosed insulated storage tank and shows structural dctail for the same insulated suspended ceiling embodiment shown in FIG. 8.
- a supporting foundation V1t such as of concrete, is set into the earth as a foundation and on top of it is placed insulating material 11 of a suitable thickness and which is capable of bearing the combined load of the tank and its contents when iilled.
- insulating material 11 On top of insulation 11 is placed a metal bottom 12 to which tank wall 13 is secured at the bottom edge, such as by Welding.
- the wall 13v is advisably cylindrical.
- the external surface of wall 132 is provided with insulation 14 of suflicient thickness to retard heat-leak or heat-input enough to permit practical storage of a product in the tank.
- Enclosing tankV wall 13 is roof 15 which is domeshaped.
- a peripheral ring portion 16, of thicker metal plate than the upper portion 17 of the roof, is provided to strengthen the roof and stiien the wall and support the ends' of, rafters 18 reinforcing the roof as shown in FIGS. 3, and 7.
- Rafters 18 follow the internal contour of the roof.
- the rafters are advisably metal angles as in FIG. 7. Rafters 18 need not be used when the plates are made thick enough to carry the load without stiffening.
- load-distributing members 19 Connected to the bottom of the rafters 18, or directly to the roof plate, and running approximately normal to the radial rafters are load-distributing members 19, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 7, which more or less conform to the contour of the roof. Fastened at spaced apart locations on the load-distributing members 19 are plates 20 asshown in FIG. 5, from which elongated suspending members 21 hang vertically downward to support member 22 to which it is connected such as by welding. The members 22, as shown in FIG. l, run parallel to each other throughout the width of the tank.
- a conventional open web bar joist 23, or other lightweight structural member which is supported at each end by adjacent members 22, except for the ends of the joist in proximity to the tank wall 13.
- the ends of the joists 23 adjacent the tank wall are supported by plate 24, as shown in FIG. 3, which is connected to member 25.
- the supporting elongated member 26, similar to ⁇ members 21, is connected at its lower endto member 25 and at its upper end to plate 27 which is connected to the lower surface ofthe roof ring 16.
- the member 25 formsl a' ring which extends around the ceiling edge although the ceiling periphery extends slightly further to aboutkthe tank wall.
- the open web bar joists 23 arecomposed of bar 28, as shown in FIG. 3, which is bent into a series of W shapes., and is aixed between top cord memberV 29, which is essentially U-shaped, and lower cordl member 30, which is also U-shaped, as shown'in FIG. 6.
- Joining upper cord 29 and lower cord 30 at theend ofthe joist is rod 31 as shown in FIG. 3.
- Member 3-2v is placed at the endof ,thel joist and is Vconnected at the lower side of the upper cord 29.
- the member 32 islessentilallylike the lower cord 30 in cross-sectionand provides a foot area for resting the end of the joist on bearing surface 24.
- bar 33 can be extended from onel lower cord 30 to the lower cord of the next adjacent parallel joist.
- bar 34 can extenrlfrom the lower cord of a joist adjacent the tank wall 13 upwardly at an inclined angle to connect with member 25 as Yshown in FIG. 6.
- Member 25 forms aringhaving a diameter slightly less lthan the diameter o f the tank wall. Supportingthe circular memberZS at such location, in a manner similar to membrane 2 6, is elongated member 36.
- Covering the joist network is decking 37, advisably of 'thertype whith'has channels running parallel to the side edges of the panels.
- the decking is shown in FIGS. l to 3 and 5.
- the decking 37 is placed normal to the joist and is ofV suflicient length to advisably span three or more joists.
- the decking has channeled areas 3S to provide rigidity and strength.
- the deckingl is advisably not run completely to the vessel wall.
- Expandable metal lath 39 as shown in FIG. A3, is formed to have a horizontal section and a vertical edge which is placed approximately in contact with the inside of the tank wall.
- the expandable metal lath 39 is secured to the top surface of the adjacent decking 37, such as by welding, and extends entirely 4 around the ceiling periphery.
- decking of wood, plastic or other suitable materials can be used.
- Any suitable insulation 39 which will reduce heat-leak or heat-inputv enough, can be placed on the upper surface of decking 37 in a thickness suicient to give the desired results.
- the insulation may be preformed andk blocks of suitable size positiontd in place on the decking, or loose insulation of the granular or occulent-type can be used.
- insulation of thefoam-type such as polyurethane foam, can be foamed in place directlyY on the decking to provide the desired insulation 39.
- FIGS. 8 and 9 illustrate another embodiment of the Y invention.
- Tank wall 50 of metal is externally insulated 51.
- the tank roof 52 is constructed of metal rings 53y which overlap at 54.
- a heavier metal plate ring 55 runs around the periphery of the roof and rests, on the top edge of wall 50.
- Metal plates 56 and 57 complete the roof shell, which is shown uninsulated.
- a series of rafters 58 are axially connected to the underside of the roofV to reinforce it.
- the rafters can be made in sections and joinedby plates 59 to Z-ring girders 60 welded to the roof.
- Suspended from the girders 60 are rods 61.
- Similar rods 62 are suspended from the inner periphery of the roof and may be attached to the rafter ends as shown.
- Enough rods are employed to support the suspended ceiling.
- For a foot diameter tank about fifty to sixty rods are employed in the outer two circular courses A and B, having radii of about 48 and 28 feet respectively, and about fifteen to twenty rods in circular course C, having a diameter of about l5 feet.
- the suspended ceiling is composed of flat sheet metal decking 63 fabricated from sheets of appropriate size Aand shape.
- FIG. 8 gives a representative arrangement of sheets and shapes used infabricating .the at ceiling.
- a com-pression rin'g64- is placed near about the periphery of the sheet. Only one such compression ring is necessary to supportthe at ceiling sheet. However, to provide further' reinforcing and to restrict sag of the sheet, one or more additional circular supporting rings 65 are provided.
- the suspension rods 61 and 62 are joined to compression ring 64 and supporting rings 65 to suspend the ceiling in fixed position. Insulation 66 is placed on the metal sheet 63- to a depth adequate for the purpose.
- compression ring 64 and tank wall 50 are advisably insulated ⁇ 67 by a material which is exible and somewhat porolls to permit vapor transmission.
- a blanket of glass Ifibers can be used for this purpose andit 'can 4be ⁇ supported by an outward projectingr lip 68 of the at metal sheet 63.V
- the metal Wall constitutes a direct path vfor heat to ow, such as from a warm. metal roof to a refrigerated liquid in the tank below theinsulated ceiling.
- Therportion ofthe metalv wall extendingvabove Vthe insulated ceiling is insulated. This prevents heat transfer and also 'prevents sweat and frost when the tank is to store a refrigerated liquid.
- this heat flow is equivalent to the normal heat-leak through a ring of normally insulated wall (5 in. foam glass on outside of 0.25 in. wall) only 1.4 feet high extending around the circumference of the tank.
- This combination of an insulated suspended ceiling and an uninsulated roof provides an unusually suitable combination for storage of materials, Whether the product is to be kept below or above ambient temperature, because of the surprisingly low heat transfer through that portion of the tank wall above the insulated ceiling. Elimination of roof insulation, without sacricing efliciency, lowers the cost and provides a tank which can be expected to have a longer life with far less trouble than when the roof is externally insulated.
- An important feature of this invention is the suspension means, particularly for large tanks, which distributes the weight or load of the ceiling over a substantial and perhaps, major part of the roof. This may be achieved by means of the rafters and/'or girders connected to the inside surface of the roof. Such structure prevents deformation of the roof which could otherwise likely result by simple attachment of the elongated suspending members 21 directly to a point on the inside surface of the roof. The combination of rafters and load-distributing members spreads t-he load lfrom the location of attachment of the elongated vertical members over most of the roof area.
- the suspended insulating ceiling be positioned in the tank to be above the full capacity level of the tank.
- a suspended insulating ceiling in a tank for cryogenic storage permits the use of metals for the roof construction which are not adapted under other conditions for such purposes.
- the metal yused for the roof need not be one Which can withstand the refrigerated conditions to which the tank Walls and bottom are subjected because the roof is at no time cooled to anywhere near the temperatures of the tank wall and bottom during service.
- the roof operates at substantially ambient, instead of reigerated, temperature which allows the use of a less expensive roof material.
- An enclosed tank having a metal shell with a metal bottom, a metal wall and a metal roof, the bottom and wall each having a layer of insulation applied thereto and the roof comprising a noninsulated metal plate supported upon the top edges of the wall, and an insulated fixedposition ceiling suspended by means attached to the inside of the roof, said ceiling conforming about its periphery to the internal horizontal configuration of the tank at the ceiling location and being suspended in the tank above the intended full capacity level of the tank.
- An enclosed cylindrical tank having -a metal shell with a metal bottom, a metal wall and a metal roof, the entire bottom and Wall each having insulation applied to the outside thereof and the roof comprising a noninsulated metal plate supported upon the top edges of the wall, and an insulated fixed-position ceiling suspended by a plurality of spaced-apart elongated members attached to the inside of the roof and the ceiling, said ceiling conforming about its periphery to the internal horizontal conguration of the tank at the ceiling location and being suspended in the tank above the intended full capacity level of the tank.
- a tank according to claim 3 in which the insulated ceiling is substantially planar and horizontally positioned in the tank in contact with the cylindrical wall and the ceiling insulation extends throughout its area.
- An enclosed cylindrical tank for storing a refrigerated liquid at a pressure slightly higher than atmospheric pressure, said tank having a metal shell with a metal bottom, a metal Wall and a metal roof supported upon the top edges of the wall, the: entire bottom and wall each having insulation applied thereon to reduce heat-leak adequately to efficiently store a refrigerated liquid in the tank, and an insulated tixed-position ceiling suspended by a plurality of spaced-apart elongated members attached to the inside of the roof and the ceiling, said ceiling conforming about its periphery to the internal horizontal configuration of the tank at the ceiling location and being the intended full capacity level of the tank.
- a tank according yto claim 6 in which the roof is noninsulated and the insulated Wall extends above the level at which the ceiling edge meets the Wall thereby providing a controlled temperature gradient between the roof and the tank wall to control heat-leak into the tank contents through the extended metal wall.
- An enclosed cylindrical tank having a metal shell with a metal bottom, Ia metal Wall and a metal roof, the bottom and wal-l each being insulated to retard heat transfer therethrough, the roof comprising a metal plate supported upon the top edges of the wall and at least inin the tank, and an insulated 'fixed-position ceiling suspended by a plurality of spaced-apart elongated members attached by load-distributing means to the inside of the roof and also attached to the ceiling, said load-distributing means comprising a plurality of rafters secured to the inside ofthe roof and following the roof contour, and a plurality of connecting beams which extend across and are connected to the rafters and to which the elongated members are connected at spaced-apart locations, said ceiling conforming about its periphery to the internal wall configuration of the tank at the ceiling location and being suspended in the tank above the intended full liquid level of the tank.
- a tank according to claim 1 in which the ceiling comprises a plurality of parallel spaced-apart joists supported by the suspending means attached to the roof, bridging between the joists to stiifen them against movement, sheet decking secured to the top of the joists to complete an insulation supporting platform and insulation on the platform of a thickness adequate to retard heatleak enough for practical storage of a refrigerated liquid in the tank.
- An enclosed cylindrical tank for storing a refrigerated liquid at a pressure slightly higher than atmospheric pressure, said tank having a metal shell with a metal bottoni, a -rnetal wall and a domed metal roof, the entire bottom and wall each having suicient insulation to reduce lheat-leak enough to practically store a refrigerated liquid in the tank, the domed roof comprising a metal plate supported upon the top edges of the wall and insufliciently insulated if at all to suitably store a refrigerated liquid in the tank, and an insulated fixed-position ceiling suspended by a plurality of spaced-apart elongated members attached by load-distributing means to the inside of the roof and also attached to the ceiling, said loaddistributing means comprising a plurality of ra-dial rafters secured to the inside of the roof and following the roof contour, and a plurality of connecting beams which extend across and are connected to the rafters and to which the elongated members are connected at spaced-apart locations, the
- An enclosed tank having a metal shell with a metal bottom, a metal Wall and a metal roof, the botto-m and' wall each having a layer of insulation applied thereto and the roof comprising a moninsulated metal plate supported upon the top edges of the wall, and an insulated fixed-position ceiling suspended from the inside of the roof and conforming about its periphery to the internal horizontal configuration of the tank at the ceiling location and being suspended in the tank above the intended full capacity level of the tank, said ceiling including a continuous layer of substantially flat sheet metal having a compression member joined thereto near about its periphery.
- An enclosed tank for storing a refrigerated liquid, said tank having a metal shell with a metal bottom, a metal wall and a metal roof supported upon the top edges of the wall, the bottom and wall each having insulation applied thereto and an insulated fixed-position ceiling; suspended from the inside of the roof and conforming about its periphery to the internal horizontal configuration of the tank at the ceilingv location and being sus- Y pended in the tank above the intended full capacity leveli of the tank, said ceiling including a continuous layer of substantially flat sheet metal having a compression member joined thereto near about its periphery.
- An enclosed tank for storing a cryogenic liquid said tank having a metal shell with a metal bottom, a metal wall and a metal roof, the bottom and wall each having insulation applied thereto and the roof comprising a noninsulated metal plate supported upon the top edges of said wall, and an insulated fixed-position ceiling suspended from the inside of the roof and conforming about its periphery to the internal horizontal conguration of the tank at the ceiling location and being suspended in the tank above the intended full capacity level of the tank, said ceiling including a continuous layer of substantially liat sheet metal having a compression ring member joined thereto near the periphery of the ceiling, a second ring member joined to the sheet metal layerand positioned concentrically thereto and to the compression ring and inwardly from the compression ring to further support the sheet metal layer, and suspension means suspending the ceiling from the roof comprising tension members joined to the rings and to supporting means on the inside of the roof.
- An enclosed tank for storing a cryogenic liquid said tank having a metal shell with a metal bottom, a metal wall and a metal roof supported on the top edges of the wall, the bottom and wall each having a layer of insulation applied thereto and an insulated fixed-position ceiling suspended from the inside of the roof and conforming about its periphery to the internal horizontal configuration of the tank at the ceiling location and being suspended in the tank above the intended full capacity level of the tank.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Priority Applications (8)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NL133405D NL133405C (xx) | 1965-12-15 | ||
US514029A US3352443A (en) | 1965-12-15 | 1965-12-15 | Internal suspended insulating ceiling for storage tanks |
GB46837/66A GB1153602A (en) | 1965-12-15 | 1966-10-19 | Improvements in or relating to Insulated Storage Tanks |
DE1684612A DE1684612C3 (de) | 1965-12-15 | 1966-11-08 | Behälter zur Lagerung unterkühlter Flüssigkeiten |
NL6616086A NL6616086A (xx) | 1965-12-15 | 1966-11-15 | |
JP41076940A JPS5131366B1 (xx) | 1965-12-15 | 1966-11-25 | |
FR87205A FR1504356A (fr) | 1965-12-15 | 1966-12-13 | Perfectionnements aux réservoirs calorifugés |
BE691288D BE691288A (xx) | 1965-12-15 | 1966-12-15 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US514029A US3352443A (en) | 1965-12-15 | 1965-12-15 | Internal suspended insulating ceiling for storage tanks |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3352443A true US3352443A (en) | 1967-11-14 |
Family
ID=24045529
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US514029A Expired - Lifetime US3352443A (en) | 1965-12-15 | 1965-12-15 | Internal suspended insulating ceiling for storage tanks |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3352443A (xx) |
JP (1) | JPS5131366B1 (xx) |
BE (1) | BE691288A (xx) |
DE (1) | DE1684612C3 (xx) |
FR (1) | FR1504356A (xx) |
GB (1) | GB1153602A (xx) |
NL (2) | NL6616086A (xx) |
Cited By (23)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3406859A (en) * | 1966-02-24 | 1968-10-22 | Conch Int Methane Ltd | Counterweighted roof for in-ground reservoirs for liquefied gases |
DE1810517B1 (de) * | 1968-11-20 | 1970-06-25 | Bridgestone Liquefied Petroleu | Lagertank fuer verfluessigte Gase |
US3538661A (en) * | 1968-10-04 | 1970-11-10 | Pittsburgh Des Moines Steel | Liquid storage container |
US3583592A (en) * | 1968-11-05 | 1971-06-08 | Gen Am Transport | Cryogenic storage tank |
US3612332A (en) * | 1969-10-10 | 1971-10-12 | Chicago Bridge & Iron Co | Insulated storage tank of increased capacity with suspended insulated ceiling |
US3648880A (en) * | 1969-10-31 | 1972-03-14 | Conch Int Methane Ltd | Storage arrangement for liquefied gas |
US3651648A (en) * | 1968-01-26 | 1972-03-28 | William Hamilton | Container sealing roof structure |
US3861553A (en) * | 1971-11-24 | 1975-01-21 | Bridgestone Liquefied Gas Co | Means for supporting an inner membranous vessel of a low temperature liquefied gas tank of a membrane type |
US4041722A (en) * | 1975-09-26 | 1977-08-16 | Pittsburgh-Des Moines Steel Company | Impact resistant tank for cryogenic fluids |
US5201435A (en) * | 1991-09-26 | 1993-04-13 | Clawson Tank Company | Storage tank for combustible liquids |
US5333752A (en) * | 1993-02-18 | 1994-08-02 | Clawson Tank Company | Storage container unit for hazardous liquids |
US5398841A (en) * | 1991-09-26 | 1995-03-21 | Clawson Tank Company | Storage tank for combustible liquids |
US5899039A (en) * | 1998-01-23 | 1999-05-04 | Chicago Bridge & Iron Company | Method for installing a suspended ceiling in a storage tank |
US6318581B1 (en) | 2000-03-06 | 2001-11-20 | Snyder Industries, Inc. | Discharge outlet for double wall containment tank assembly |
US6474496B1 (en) | 2000-03-06 | 2002-11-05 | Snyder Industries, Inc. | Containment tank assembly |
US20060037278A1 (en) * | 2003-04-10 | 2006-02-23 | Crane Stephen D | Fluid containment vessel, method of constructing fluid containment vessel, in particular chemical-resistant concrete liquid containment vessel |
WO2007047727A2 (en) * | 2005-10-17 | 2007-04-26 | Ultraflote Corporation | Suspended deck for liquid natural gas tank |
US20090200317A1 (en) * | 2008-02-08 | 2009-08-13 | Jens Korsgaard | End fitting for pressure vessel |
US20140007943A1 (en) * | 2012-07-09 | 2014-01-09 | Gp Strategies Corporation | Fuel tank partition and method of use |
US20140231617A1 (en) * | 2011-09-26 | 2014-08-21 | Empire Technology Development Llc | Suspension moulds |
US20180313104A1 (en) * | 2016-01-19 | 2018-11-01 | Ihi Corporation | Construction method for double-shell tank |
KR20220003446A (ko) * | 2020-07-01 | 2022-01-10 | 탁원준 | Lng 탱크용 서스펜디드 데크 |
WO2023124838A1 (zh) * | 2021-12-31 | 2023-07-06 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | 薄膜罐吊顶结构及薄膜罐 |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
PL2922948T3 (pl) * | 2012-11-26 | 2017-12-29 | S+B Service Und Betrieb Gmbh | Urządzenie do gazoszczelnej osłony zbiorników magazynowych bez podpory wewnętrznej |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1088194A (en) * | 1913-03-01 | 1914-02-24 | Ira Totton Whitton | Preservative receptacle. |
US2323297A (en) * | 1940-05-08 | 1943-07-06 | Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp | Heat insulating construction |
US2980279A (en) * | 1958-07-22 | 1961-04-18 | Armstrong Cork Co | Insulated structure |
US3225955A (en) * | 1961-01-16 | 1965-12-28 | Hydrocarbon Research Inc | Land storage for liquefied gases |
US3249251A (en) * | 1963-01-07 | 1966-05-03 | Conch Int Methane Ltd | Thermally insulated and counterweighted roof |
-
0
- NL NL133405D patent/NL133405C/xx active
-
1965
- 1965-12-15 US US514029A patent/US3352443A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1966
- 1966-10-19 GB GB46837/66A patent/GB1153602A/en not_active Expired
- 1966-11-08 DE DE1684612A patent/DE1684612C3/de not_active Expired
- 1966-11-15 NL NL6616086A patent/NL6616086A/xx unknown
- 1966-11-25 JP JP41076940A patent/JPS5131366B1/ja active Pending
- 1966-12-13 FR FR87205A patent/FR1504356A/fr not_active Expired
- 1966-12-15 BE BE691288D patent/BE691288A/xx unknown
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1088194A (en) * | 1913-03-01 | 1914-02-24 | Ira Totton Whitton | Preservative receptacle. |
US2323297A (en) * | 1940-05-08 | 1943-07-06 | Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp | Heat insulating construction |
US2980279A (en) * | 1958-07-22 | 1961-04-18 | Armstrong Cork Co | Insulated structure |
US3225955A (en) * | 1961-01-16 | 1965-12-28 | Hydrocarbon Research Inc | Land storage for liquefied gases |
US3249251A (en) * | 1963-01-07 | 1966-05-03 | Conch Int Methane Ltd | Thermally insulated and counterweighted roof |
Cited By (31)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3406859A (en) * | 1966-02-24 | 1968-10-22 | Conch Int Methane Ltd | Counterweighted roof for in-ground reservoirs for liquefied gases |
US3651648A (en) * | 1968-01-26 | 1972-03-28 | William Hamilton | Container sealing roof structure |
US3538661A (en) * | 1968-10-04 | 1970-11-10 | Pittsburgh Des Moines Steel | Liquid storage container |
US3583592A (en) * | 1968-11-05 | 1971-06-08 | Gen Am Transport | Cryogenic storage tank |
DE1810517B1 (de) * | 1968-11-20 | 1970-06-25 | Bridgestone Liquefied Petroleu | Lagertank fuer verfluessigte Gase |
DE1810517C2 (de) * | 1968-11-20 | 1971-02-04 | Bridgestone Liquefied Petroleu | Lagertank fuer verfluessigte Gase |
US3570700A (en) * | 1968-11-20 | 1971-03-16 | Bridgestone Liquefied Petroleu | Low temperature liquefied gas storage tank |
US3612332A (en) * | 1969-10-10 | 1971-10-12 | Chicago Bridge & Iron Co | Insulated storage tank of increased capacity with suspended insulated ceiling |
US3648880A (en) * | 1969-10-31 | 1972-03-14 | Conch Int Methane Ltd | Storage arrangement for liquefied gas |
US3861553A (en) * | 1971-11-24 | 1975-01-21 | Bridgestone Liquefied Gas Co | Means for supporting an inner membranous vessel of a low temperature liquefied gas tank of a membrane type |
US4041722A (en) * | 1975-09-26 | 1977-08-16 | Pittsburgh-Des Moines Steel Company | Impact resistant tank for cryogenic fluids |
US5570805A (en) * | 1991-09-26 | 1996-11-05 | Clawson Tank Company | Storage container assembly for combustible liquids |
US5398841A (en) * | 1991-09-26 | 1995-03-21 | Clawson Tank Company | Storage tank for combustible liquids |
US5201435A (en) * | 1991-09-26 | 1993-04-13 | Clawson Tank Company | Storage tank for combustible liquids |
US5333752A (en) * | 1993-02-18 | 1994-08-02 | Clawson Tank Company | Storage container unit for hazardous liquids |
US5899039A (en) * | 1998-01-23 | 1999-05-04 | Chicago Bridge & Iron Company | Method for installing a suspended ceiling in a storage tank |
US6318581B1 (en) | 2000-03-06 | 2001-11-20 | Snyder Industries, Inc. | Discharge outlet for double wall containment tank assembly |
US6474496B1 (en) | 2000-03-06 | 2002-11-05 | Snyder Industries, Inc. | Containment tank assembly |
USRE39721E1 (en) | 2000-03-06 | 2007-07-10 | Snyder Industries, Inc. | Discharge outlet for double wall containment tank assembly |
US20060037278A1 (en) * | 2003-04-10 | 2006-02-23 | Crane Stephen D | Fluid containment vessel, method of constructing fluid containment vessel, in particular chemical-resistant concrete liquid containment vessel |
US20070094971A1 (en) * | 2005-10-17 | 2007-05-03 | Kern Ronald C | Suspended deck for liquid natural gas tank |
WO2007047727A2 (en) * | 2005-10-17 | 2007-04-26 | Ultraflote Corporation | Suspended deck for liquid natural gas tank |
WO2007047727A3 (en) * | 2005-10-17 | 2007-10-04 | Ultraflote Corp | Suspended deck for liquid natural gas tank |
US20090200317A1 (en) * | 2008-02-08 | 2009-08-13 | Jens Korsgaard | End fitting for pressure vessel |
US7699187B2 (en) * | 2008-02-08 | 2010-04-20 | Jens Korsgaard | End fitting for pressure vessel |
US20140231617A1 (en) * | 2011-09-26 | 2014-08-21 | Empire Technology Development Llc | Suspension moulds |
US20140007943A1 (en) * | 2012-07-09 | 2014-01-09 | Gp Strategies Corporation | Fuel tank partition and method of use |
US9695983B2 (en) * | 2012-07-09 | 2017-07-04 | Gp Strategies Corporation | Fuel tank partition and method of use |
US20180313104A1 (en) * | 2016-01-19 | 2018-11-01 | Ihi Corporation | Construction method for double-shell tank |
KR20220003446A (ko) * | 2020-07-01 | 2022-01-10 | 탁원준 | Lng 탱크용 서스펜디드 데크 |
WO2023124838A1 (zh) * | 2021-12-31 | 2023-07-06 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | 薄膜罐吊顶结构及薄膜罐 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE1684612C3 (de) | 1978-03-09 |
NL6616086A (xx) | 1967-06-16 |
GB1153602A (en) | 1969-05-29 |
FR1504356A (fr) | 1967-12-01 |
BE691288A (xx) | 1967-05-16 |
DE1684612B2 (de) | 1973-09-27 |
NL133405C (xx) | |
DE1684612A1 (de) | 1971-08-26 |
JPS5131366B1 (xx) | 1976-09-06 |
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