US3325872A - Balanced fluid treatment apparatus - Google Patents

Balanced fluid treatment apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US3325872A
US3325872A US472992A US47299265A US3325872A US 3325872 A US3325872 A US 3325872A US 472992 A US472992 A US 472992A US 47299265 A US47299265 A US 47299265A US 3325872 A US3325872 A US 3325872A
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United States
Prior art keywords
connecting means
inlet
insert
yarn
housing
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Expired - Lifetime
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US472992A
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Ethridge Fredrick Allen
Bulla Jackie Neal
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Celanese Corp
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Fiber Industries Inc
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Publication date
Priority to US471318A priority Critical patent/US3530660A/en
Application filed by Fiber Industries Inc filed Critical Fiber Industries Inc
Priority to US472992A priority patent/US3325872A/en
Priority to GB30568/66A priority patent/GB1148675A/en
Priority to GB30567/66A priority patent/GB1145058A/en
Priority to DE19661660309 priority patent/DE1660309A1/en
Priority to BE683991D priority patent/BE683991A/xx
Priority to ES0329039A priority patent/ES329039A1/en
Priority to NL6609754A priority patent/NL6609754A/xx
Priority to CH1011266A priority patent/CH453566A/en
Priority to AT670066A priority patent/AT297204B/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3325872A publication Critical patent/US3325872A/en
Assigned to CELANESE CORPORATION A DE CORP reassignment CELANESE CORPORATION A DE CORP ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: FIBER INDUSTRIES INC
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02J—FINISHING OR DRESSING OF FILAMENTS, YARNS, THREADS, CORDS, ROPES OR THE LIKE
    • D02J1/00—Modifying the structure or properties resulting from a particular structure; Modifying, retaining, or restoring the physical form or cross-sectional shape, e.g. by use of dies or squeeze rollers
    • D02J1/08—Interlacing constituent filaments without breakage thereof, e.g. by use of turbulent air streams

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a balanced fluid treatment apparatus and more particularly to an apparatus utilizing a fluid for in'termingling filaments or groups of filaments of multifilament yarns especially mechanically crimped bulked multifilament yarns to produce a cohesive yarn product.
  • Yarn producers have long sought a method of avoiding twisting multifilament yarns which is required for adequate handling in the common textile opeitations such as weaving, knitting, tufting canpet yarns and the like.
  • twisting the yarn provides the necessary cohesiveness but reduces considerably the bulk which is desired.
  • Successful attempts have been made in avoiding twisting the yarns by passing these yarns through various fluid or air jet devices to provide compact cohesive yarns as well as loopy bulked yarn produced from as spun or zero twist non-bulked multifilament yarn.
  • the loopy yarns are not considered desirable in carpet production since the loops cause great difiiculty in processing through a carpet yarn tufting machine.
  • the apparatus of this invention can be utilized in compacting or loopy bulking of as-spun or zero twist yarn under certain conditions, the unique construction of this apparatus permits the intermingling of crimped filaments by means of a uniform balanced flow of fluid or air to provide a cohesive bulked yarn which has suflicient cohesiveness to pass the yarn through a carpet tufting machine without twisting and at the same time enhances the bulk of the yarn by deregistering the bundle crimp so that the corresponding crimp of the individual filaments are out of phase with one another.
  • the fluid treatment apparatus of 'this invention embodies a housing with an opening preferably an annular opening, and means to supply the fluid to the opening.
  • Plenum and an insert which fits into the opening is machined to close tolerances to provide a uniform, self balancing flow of fluid or air onto the yarn to be treated.
  • the insert contains inlet and outlet ducts at its extremities for the passage of yarn and a connecting means between the inlet and outlet ducts forming in the interior of the connecting means a passageway for the yarn.
  • the exterior of the connecting means contains a circumferential groove which, when the insert is placed in the opening of the housing, forms a desired plenum.
  • FIGURE 1 is a front elevation of the preferred fluid treatment apparatus.
  • FIGURE 2 is a cross section along the lines A-A of FIGURE 1.
  • FIGURE 3 shows a side elevation of the insert of the preferred fluid treatment apparatus.
  • FIGURES l and 2 depict a preferred fluid treatment apparatus wherein the housing 10 contains an inlet 11 for the fluid to enter the plenum 13 as shown in 'FIG- URE Z.
  • the fluid moves within the plenum 13 until the plenum is filled and then moves through the diametrally opposed fluid conduits 16 and 17 to impinge the yarn running through passageway 18 through the concavely conically tapered inlet duct 19 and out the concavely conically tapered outlet duct 20'.
  • the insert 12 is maintained firmly in the housing by means of flexible 0 rings 21 while the apparatus is in use. It should be noted, however, that means such as threads could be incorporated in the housing and insert so that the insert could be screwed into place.
  • FIGURE '3 depicts a side elevation of the insert 12 containing circumferential groove 22, and ring receiving grooves 23 for placement of flexible 0 rings 21 as shown in FIGURE 2.
  • the yarn passageway 18 connects the eoncavely conically tapered inlet duct 19 and concavelyconical tapered outlet duct 20.
  • the purpose of the tapered inlet and outlet ducts is to prevent the yarn from snag ging on its passage through the air jet.
  • the diametrally opposed fluid conduits (one shown) 16 are of suflicient length to run fromthe surface of the circumferential groove 22 to the yarn passageway 16.
  • the shape of the yarn passageway can be round, square, rectangular, pentagonal and the like depending on the needs.
  • a further advantage of the apparatus of this invention relates to the low manufacturing cost because of the ease of machining the insert to close tolerances while making the housing to wider tolerances.
  • the shape of the opening in the housing and the corresponding outer shape of the insert to be fitted into the opening is not necessarily critical. These shapes can be annular, square, rectangular, pentagonal etc. It is preferred however, to utilize an annular shape in view of the ease of manufacture of the housing opening and insert.
  • fluid as used herein relates to any inert material such as liquids or gases capable of separating filaments of yarn passing through the yarn passageway for purposes of intermingling the filaments.
  • Fluids which can be used include water or other inert liquids but inert gaseous material such as steam, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, air etc. can be used. The most preferred gas is air.
  • a balanced fluid treatment apparatus comprising, in combination, a housing containing an opening and means in said housing to supply fluid to said opening; and an insert for said opening comprising inlet and outlet ducts at the extremities of said insert, connecting means between said inlet and outlet ducts in which the interior of said connecting means forms a passageway between said inlet and outlet ducts and the outer surface of said connecting means contains a circumferential groove forming a plenum in combination with said housing, and at least one pair of diametrally opposed fluid conduits located in the circumferential groove of said connecting means, said conduits perpendicular to the axis of said passageway between said inlet and outlet ducts, said conducts of sufficient length to run from the surface of said circumferential groove to said passageway in said connecting means.
  • a balanced fluid treatment apparatus comprising, in combination, a housing containing an annular opening and means in said housing to supply fluid to said annular opening; and an insert for said annular opening comprising inlet and outlet ducts at the extremities of said insert, connecting means between said inlet and outlet ducts in which the interior of said connecting means forms a passage'between said inlet and outlet ducts and the outer surface of said connecting means contains an annular groove forming a plenum in combination with said housing, and at least one pair of diametrally opposed fluid conduits located in the annular groove of said connecting means, said conduits perpendicular to the axis of said passageway between said inlet and outlet ducts, said conduits of sufficient length to run from the surface of said annular groove to said passageway in said connecting means.
  • a self balancing air treatment apparatus comprising in combination an annular opening and a conduit in said housing to supply air to said annular opening; and an insert for said annular opening comprising inlet and outlet ducts at the extremities of said insert, said ducts being concavely conically toward the center of said insert, connecting means between said inlet and outlet ducts in which the interior of said connecting means forms a passageway between said inlet and outlet ducts and the outer surface of said connecting means contains an annular groove forming an air plenum in combination with said housing, a pair of diametrally opposed air conduits located in the annular groove of said connecting means, said conduits perpendicular to the axis of said outlet ducts and of suflicient length to run from the surface of said annular groove to said passageway in said connecting means, a pair of ring receiving grooves on said insert located on opposite sides of said annular groove and flexible 0 rings on each of said ring receiving grooves to maintain firmly said insert in said housing.

Description

June 20, 1967 F. A. ETHRIDGE ETAL 3,325,872
BALANCED FLUID TREATMENT APPARATUS Filed July 19, 1965 mum 20/5 A/mmey United States Patent 3,325,872 BALANCED FLUID TREATMENT APPARATUS Fredrick Allen Ethridge and Jackie Neal Bulla, both of Charlotte, N.C., assignors to Fiber Industries Inc., a corporation of Delaware Filed July 19, 1965, Ser. No. 472,992 6 Claims. (Cl. 28-1) This invention relates to a balanced fluid treatment apparatus and more particularly to an apparatus utilizing a fluid for in'termingling filaments or groups of filaments of multifilament yarns especially mechanically crimped bulked multifilament yarns to produce a cohesive yarn product.
Yarn producers have long sought a method of avoiding twisting multifilament yarns which is required for adequate handling in the common textile opeitations such as weaving, knitting, tufting canpet yarns and the like. In the production of mechanically crimped bulked yarns especially for carpet manufacture, twisting the yarn provides the necessary cohesiveness but reduces considerably the bulk which is desired. Successful attempts have been made in avoiding twisting the yarns by passing these yarns through various fluid or air jet devices to provide compact cohesive yarns as well as loopy bulked yarn produced from as spun or zero twist non-bulked multifilament yarn. The loopy yarns are not considered desirable in carpet production since the loops cause great difiiculty in processing through a carpet yarn tufting machine.
Although the apparatus of this invention can be utilized in compacting or loopy bulking of as-spun or zero twist yarn under certain conditions, the unique construction of this apparatus permits the intermingling of crimped filaments by means of a uniform balanced flow of fluid or air to provide a cohesive bulked yarn which has suflicient cohesiveness to pass the yarn through a carpet tufting machine without twisting and at the same time enhances the bulk of the yarn by deregistering the bundle crimp so that the corresponding crimp of the individual filaments are out of phase with one another. The fluid treatment apparatus of 'this invention embodies a housing with an opening preferably an annular opening, and means to supply the fluid to the opening. Plenum and an insert which fits into the opening is machined to close tolerances to provide a uniform, self balancing flow of fluid or air onto the yarn to be treated. The insert contains inlet and outlet ducts at its extremities for the passage of yarn and a connecting means between the inlet and outlet ducts forming in the interior of the connecting means a passageway for the yarn. The exterior of the connecting means contains a circumferential groove which, when the insert is placed in the opening of the housing, forms a desired plenum. From circumferential groove of the insert, there is at least one pair of diametrally opposed fluid conduits which are perpendicular to the axis of the inlet and outlet ducts and of suflicient length to run from the circumferential groove to the passageway in the connecting means. The plenum which is formed by the circumferential groove in the connecting means in combination with the housing provides a space wherein the pressure of the fluid is equalized and provides a uniform balance flow prior to the entrance of the fluid to the fluid conduits onto the yarn. Under these conditions, a higher degree of entanglement of the filaments of the yarn is obtained due to the symmetrical nature of the fluid flow on the yarn.
The invention will be more easily understood by reference to the drawings.
FIGURE 1 is a front elevation of the preferred fluid treatment apparatus.
3 ,325,872 Patented June 20, 1967:
FIGURE 2 is a cross section along the lines A-A of FIGURE 1.
FIGURE 3 shows a side elevation of the insert of the preferred fluid treatment apparatus.
FIGURES l and 2 depict a preferred fluid treatment apparatus wherein the housing 10 contains an inlet 11 for the fluid to enter the plenum 13 as shown in 'FIG- URE Z. The fluid moves within the plenum 13 until the plenum is filled and then moves through the diametrally opposed fluid conduits 16 and 17 to impinge the yarn running through passageway 18 through the concavely conically tapered inlet duct 19 and out the concavely conically tapered outlet duct 20'. The insert 12 is maintained firmly in the housing by means of flexible 0 rings 21 while the apparatus is in use. It should be noted, however, that means such as threads could be incorporated in the housing and insert so that the insert could be screwed into place.
FIGURE '3 depicts a side elevation of the insert 12 containing circumferential groove 22, and ring receiving grooves 23 for placement of flexible 0 rings 21 as shown in FIGURE 2. The yarn passageway 18 connects the eoncavely conically tapered inlet duct 19 and concavelyconical tapered outlet duct 20. The purpose of the tapered inlet and outlet ducts is to prevent the yarn from snag ging on its passage through the air jet. In the circumferential groove 22, the diametrally opposed fluid conduits (one shown) 16 are of suflicient length to run fromthe surface of the circumferential groove 22 to the yarn passageway 16. The shape of the yarn passageway can be round, square, rectangular, pentagonal and the like depending on the needs. It is generally preferred however, to use a round shaped yarn passageway. The dimensions of the yarn passageway and fluid conduits can be varied as needed by interchanging inserts of appropriate sizes when the yarn sizes are changed. The interchange of inserts provides for great flexibility in dealing with varying sizes of yarn over those fluid treating devices which consist of fixed dimensions without the insert capability. A further advantage of the apparatus of this invention relates to the low manufacturing cost because of the ease of machining the insert to close tolerances while making the housing to wider tolerances.
The shape of the opening in the housing and the corresponding outer shape of the insert to be fitted into the opening is not necessarily critical. These shapes can be annular, square, rectangular, pentagonal etc. It is preferred however, to utilize an annular shape in view of the ease of manufacture of the housing opening and insert.
The term fluid as used herein relates to any inert material such as liquids or gases capable of separating filaments of yarn passing through the yarn passageway for purposes of intermingling the filaments. Fluids which can be used include water or other inert liquids but inert gaseous material such as steam, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, air etc. can be used. The most preferred gas is air.
It is to be understood that the foregoing description is merely illustrative and preferred embodiments of the invention of which many variations may be made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the following claims without departing from the spirit thereof.
What is claimed is:
1. A balanced fluid treatment apparatus comprising, in combination, a housing containing an opening and means in said housing to supply fluid to said opening; and an insert for said opening comprising inlet and outlet ducts at the extremities of said insert, connecting means between said inlet and outlet ducts in which the interior of said connecting means forms a passageway between said inlet and outlet ducts and the outer surface of said connecting means contains a circumferential groove forming a plenum in combination with said housing, and at least one pair of diametrally opposed fluid conduits located in the circumferential groove of said connecting means, said conduits perpendicular to the axis of said passageway between said inlet and outlet ducts, said conducts of sufficient length to run from the surface of said circumferential groove to said passageway in said connecting means.
2. A balanced fluid treatment apparatus comprising, in combination, a housing containing an annular opening and means in said housing to supply fluid to said annular opening; and an insert for said annular opening comprising inlet and outlet ducts at the extremities of said insert, connecting means between said inlet and outlet ducts in which the interior of said connecting means forms a passage'between said inlet and outlet ducts and the outer surface of said connecting means contains an annular groove forming a plenum in combination with said housing, and at least one pair of diametrally opposed fluid conduits located in the annular groove of said connecting means, said conduits perpendicular to the axis of said passageway between said inlet and outlet ducts, said conduits of sufficient length to run from the surface of said annular groove to said passageway in said connecting means.
3. The apparatus of claim 2 wherein a pair of diametrally opposed fluid conduits are located in the annular groove of said connecting means.
4. The apparatus of claim 2 wherein the inlet and outlet ducts are concavely conically tapered toward the insert.
5. The apparatus of claim 2 wherein flexible means are attached to said connecting means to maintain said insert firmly in position of said housing.
6. A self balancing air treatment apparatus comprising in combination an annular opening and a conduit in said housing to supply air to said annular opening; and an insert for said annular opening comprising inlet and outlet ducts at the extremities of said insert, said ducts being concavely conically toward the center of said insert, connecting means between said inlet and outlet ducts in which the interior of said connecting means forms a passageway between said inlet and outlet ducts and the outer surface of said connecting means contains an annular groove forming an air plenum in combination with said housing, a pair of diametrally opposed air conduits located in the annular groove of said connecting means, said conduits perpendicular to the axis of said outlet ducts and of suflicient length to run from the surface of said annular groove to said passageway in said connecting means, a pair of ring receiving grooves on said insert located on opposite sides of said annular groove and flexible 0 rings on each of said ring receiving grooves to maintain firmly said insert in said housing.
References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,079,745 3/ 1963- Breen et al. 5734 3,095,343 6/1963 Berger 28-1 3,110,151 11/1963 Bunting et a1. 28-1 3,220,082 11/ 1965 Fletcher et a1 28-1 MERVIN STEIN, Primary Examiner.
L. K. RIMRODT, Assistant Examiner.

Claims (1)

1. A BALANCED FLUID TREATMENT APPARATUS COMPRISING, IN COMBINATION, A HOUSING CONTAINING AN OPENING AND MEANS IN SAID HOUSING TO SUPPLY FLUID TO SAID OPENING; AND AN INSERT FOR SAID OPENING COMPRISING INLET AND OUTLET DUCTS AT THE EXTREMITIES OF SAID INSERT, CONNECTED MEANS BETWEEN SAID INLET AND OUTLET DUCTS IN WHICH THE INTERIOR OF SAID CONNECTING MEANS FORMS A PASSAGEWAY BETWEEN SAID INLET AND OUTLET DUCTS AND THE OUTER SURFACE OF SAID CONNECTING MEANS CONTAINS A CIRCUMFERENTIAL GROOVE FORMING A PLENUM IN COMBINATION WITH SAID HOUSING, AND AT LEAST ONE PAIR OF DIAMETRALLY OPPOSED FLUID CONDUITS LOCATED IN THE CIRCUMFERENTIAL GROOVE OF SAID CONNECTING MEANS, SAID CONDUITS PERPENDICULAR TO THE AXIS OF SAID PASSAGEWAY BETWEEN SAID INLET AND OUTLET DUCTS, SAID CONDUCTS OF SUFFICIENT LENGTH TO RUN FROM THE SURFACE OF SAID CIRCUMFERENTIAL GROOVE TO SAID PASSAGEWAY IN SAID CONNECTING MEANS.
US472992A 1965-07-12 1965-07-19 Balanced fluid treatment apparatus Expired - Lifetime US3325872A (en)

Priority Applications (10)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US471318A US3530660A (en) 1965-07-12 1965-07-12 Manufacturing a mechanically crimped yarn and products thereof
US472992A US3325872A (en) 1965-07-19 1965-07-19 Balanced fluid treatment apparatus
GB30568/66A GB1148675A (en) 1965-07-12 1966-07-07 Yarn and filament bulking device
GB30567/66A GB1145058A (en) 1965-07-12 1966-07-07 Bulky yarn production
DE19661660309 DE1660309A1 (en) 1965-07-12 1966-07-09 Jet
ES0329039A ES329039A1 (en) 1965-07-12 1966-07-12 A nozzle to submit a thread or other filamentary matter in motion to treatment with a fluid. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
BE683991D BE683991A (en) 1965-07-12 1966-07-12
NL6609754A NL6609754A (en) 1965-07-12 1966-07-12
CH1011266A CH453566A (en) 1965-07-12 1966-07-12 Nozzle for subjecting wire or other movable filamentary material to fluid treatment
AT670066A AT297204B (en) 1965-07-12 1966-07-12 Device for bulk and tangled treatment of yarns

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3457610A (en) * 1967-12-13 1969-07-29 Monsanto Co Treatment of filaments to develop latent bulkiness therein
US3488671A (en) * 1967-08-30 1970-01-06 Rhodiaceta Ag Process and device for preparing a tangle fiber
US3898719A (en) * 1974-03-20 1975-08-12 Celanese Corp Methods and apparatus for interlacing yarn
US3983609A (en) * 1975-08-25 1976-10-05 J. P. Stevens & Co., Inc. Air entanglement of yarn
US4011640A (en) * 1975-10-20 1977-03-15 Milliken Research Corporation Yarn entanglement nozzle
US4223520A (en) * 1975-02-27 1980-09-23 Poinsett Machine Works, Inc. Method and apparatus for bulking yarn
US4729151A (en) * 1986-09-10 1988-03-08 Rhs Industries, Inc. Apparatus for entangling yarn
US4754527A (en) * 1986-05-14 1988-07-05 Spinnereimaschinenfabrik Seydel & Co. Gmbh Apparatus for entwining fiber strands

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3079745A (en) * 1960-08-23 1963-03-05 Du Pont Fluid twiste apparatus for twisting yarn
US3095343A (en) * 1960-09-15 1963-06-25 United States Filter Corp Method for treating continuous filamentary tows
US3110151A (en) * 1961-05-26 1963-11-12 Du Pont Process for producing compact interlaced yarn
US3220082A (en) * 1962-03-29 1965-11-30 Eastman Kodak Co Jet apparatus for treatment of textile fibers

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3079745A (en) * 1960-08-23 1963-03-05 Du Pont Fluid twiste apparatus for twisting yarn
US3095343A (en) * 1960-09-15 1963-06-25 United States Filter Corp Method for treating continuous filamentary tows
US3110151A (en) * 1961-05-26 1963-11-12 Du Pont Process for producing compact interlaced yarn
US3220082A (en) * 1962-03-29 1965-11-30 Eastman Kodak Co Jet apparatus for treatment of textile fibers

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3488671A (en) * 1967-08-30 1970-01-06 Rhodiaceta Ag Process and device for preparing a tangle fiber
US3457610A (en) * 1967-12-13 1969-07-29 Monsanto Co Treatment of filaments to develop latent bulkiness therein
US3898719A (en) * 1974-03-20 1975-08-12 Celanese Corp Methods and apparatus for interlacing yarn
US4223520A (en) * 1975-02-27 1980-09-23 Poinsett Machine Works, Inc. Method and apparatus for bulking yarn
US3983609A (en) * 1975-08-25 1976-10-05 J. P. Stevens & Co., Inc. Air entanglement of yarn
US4011640A (en) * 1975-10-20 1977-03-15 Milliken Research Corporation Yarn entanglement nozzle
US4754527A (en) * 1986-05-14 1988-07-05 Spinnereimaschinenfabrik Seydel & Co. Gmbh Apparatus for entwining fiber strands
US4729151A (en) * 1986-09-10 1988-03-08 Rhs Industries, Inc. Apparatus for entangling yarn

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Owner name: CELANESE CORPORATION A DE CORP

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:FIBER INDUSTRIES INC;REEL/FRAME:004239/0763

Effective date: 19841230