US332567A - stephen - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.)

5 Sheets- Sheet 1.

INDIVIDUAL GALL.

Patented Deo. 15, 1885.

(No Model.) K 5 sheets-sheen 2. J. STEPHEN.

INDIVIDUAL GALL.

No. 332,567. Patented Deo. 15, 1885.

(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 3.

J. STEPHEN.

(No Model.) 5 Sheets- Sheet 4.

J. STEPHEN.

INDIVIDUAL GALL. No. 332,567. Patented Deo. 15, 1885.

(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet ,5. J. STEPHEN.

INDIVIDUAL GALL.

No. 332,567. Patented Deo. 15, 1885.

j UNITED STATES' PATENT OFFICE.

JOHNSTON STEPHEN, OF EDINBURGH, COUNTY OF MID-LOTHIAN, SCOTLAND.

INDIVIDUAL OALL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 332,567, dated December 15, 1885.

Application filed July 10, 1885. Serial No. 171,220.

Patent No. 3,668, dated February 2l, 1884,) of

wanted shall receive the call.

which the following is a specification.

The object of my present invention is to give a call to one of a number of subscribers or parties on the wire, so that only the person Each individual subscriber of the group or party placed on one wire has in his house,l shop, or oflee, or other premises connected in the series, a pendulum of a length and therefore period of oscillation proper to himself. This pendulum is hung in such a manner as to be capable of oscillating very freely. The pendulum-rod isprolonged upward above the point of suspension, and carries at its upper end a curved magnet, whose curve is an arc of that circle of which the pendulum-rod from its point of suspension to the curved magnet is a radius. A pair of solenoids wound similarly and connected are arranged in such a fashion that the curved magnet can pass from out of one into the other solenoid. These solenoids in the circuit are connected and are in electrical circuit.

At the central or calling station is a metronome,whose axle carries a commutator, and is varranged in such a way that for each extreme of the oscillation of the metronome-roda positive or negative current is sent along the Wire, and consequently round all the solenoids in the circuit. For each positive current so sent, all the magnets are sucked into one of its pair of solenoids and expelled from the other. For a negative current so sent, the reverse effect is produced. This is in accordance with the well known law of Ampre. Now, if the metronome at the central or calling station be so set as to beat in period unisonant with any one of the pendulums periods, it will happen that only that particular pendulum will take up periodic oscillation. This is in accordance with well-known laws of harmonicmotion. It will be thus seen that by setting the metronome at the central or calling station to (No model.) Patented in England February 21, 1884, No. 3,668.

beat in unison with the pendulum period of any one of the subscriber-s pendulums that pendulum only will'respond and take up swaying. Vhen the pendulum shall haveattained sufficient amplitude, it will strike a latch or other. arrangement, which by falling will close a circuit, ring` a bell,A or otherwise call attention. The pendulum may be so constructed as to switch into circuit the telephone and transmitter in any of the well-known ways.

The object of my present invention is to give a call to any one of a number of subscribers in the circuit; so I do not bind myself to use pendulums of any particular kind or pattern, as I may employ springs or other means for obtaining simple harmonic motion, and I do not bind myself to use magnets passing into solenoids, as I may use any solenoids passing over magnets.

In the drawings, Figures 1 and 2 are respectively front and side elevations of one form of pendulum apparatus constructed according to my present invention. Fig. 3 is a front elevation of a metronome constructed according to my present invention. Fig. 4 is a part side elevation and part transverse section of the same. Figs. 5, 6, and 7 are respectively a side, an end elevation, and a plan of a latch or switch used in combination with the pendulum apparatus represented at Figs. l and 2. Figs. 8 and 9 are respectively a front elevation and a horizontal section of another form of pendulum apparatus provided witha latch or switch and constructed according to my present invention. Fig. 10 is a diagrammatic View showing an installation formed and connected together according to my present invention.

At the house, office, shop, or other premises of each subscriber of the group placed on one wire I provide a pendulum of oscillation proper to himself. This pendulum, as shown at a, Figs. l and 2, is hung in such a manner as to be capable of oscillating very freely. The pendulum rod b is prolonged upward above the point c of suspension, and carries at its upper end the curved magnet d,whose Vcurve is an arc of the circle of which the pendulum-rod b from its point, c, of suspension to the curved magnet dis a radius. A. pair of solenoids, e, wound similarly and electrically ICO minals are electricallyconnected throughthe wires i to the binding-screwsj.

At the central or calling station there is provided a metronome, such as is represented at Figs. 3 and 4. The axle k of this metronome tricity, that when in a normalposition the in-v sulating material n ofthe commutator is'in contact with the said springs m.

The bearing-springs -o constitute the terminals ofthe line in whichV the lmetronome vis placed in circuit, and bear'continuously'upon' the metallic portions Z of thel commutator, thesev portions being so arranged that their y circumferential points of insulation at one part of their length lielhorizontally across'th'e aXis 7c, while at .the voppositejpart they Ilie vertically across the said axis. p

The springs m and o are in metallicconiiection with the binding screws marked, -respeetively, 10 and q. `When the `springs m are connected through the binding-s'crewspwith a battery or other source of electricity, and` the springs o are placed in'the'circuitfnocurrent passes into the commutator when in its normal position; `but upon the 'commutator being rotated `in one direction a positive 'current of electricity is sent alongthe wire, while on being rotated in the opposite direction a negative current of electricity is sent along'the wire. round all the solenoids e which are gplaced'in the circuit. all the curved magnets d are drawn ,intogone of its pair of solenoids 'e and expelledfrom the other. For a negative current so sent, the reverse effect is produced. This isin accordance with the well-knownlaws of Ampre.

In the vicinity of the pendulum a,I provide a latch or switch device, which, by 'being struck by the said .pendulum after it has attained sufficient amplitude, .closes a xcircuit. Such a device I have represented at.Figs.5,'6, and 7. the lever r, pivoted at s in the standards t, which are secured to the lbase-or stand u. At one end of the lever r the curved plate v is secured, while at the opposite endth'ecat'chor hook w is secured. The plate rv is hingedaty tothe base u,a metallic connection being formed between the hinge y and the binding-screw z.

The'binding-screw a is metalli'callyconnected to the contact-piece b', and the binding-'screw c is in metallic connection'with thesprin'g d.

A This spring d is supported in a bracket, as

shown, or 'by `its equivalent, and when the hinged plate m is in 'the position represented on the accompanying drawings-that is'to say, in its normal positionthe said spring d bea-rs These currents'of electricity are passed y -lo'hiding-screws z and a. For each positive currentso sent In this switch device there isgprovided f upon .and makes electrical contact with the said platense that currents ofA electricity may pass direct in through the binding-screw zand .out through the binding-screw c, or vice versa. The plate x is supported in its normal position by thecatch orhook -w,which, on being raisedy bythe depression of the opposite end of the lever r, allows the said plate x to fall onto the acontact-'piece b and so break the circuit between the binding-screws z and c', and complete the circuit between the bindingscrews z and a.

In place otforming the pendulum with the magnet d to pass into the solenoids e, I may arrange the solenoids to pass over themagnets.

At Figs. 8 and 9 Ihave shown such acon= struction of pendulum incombination with a latch or switch device lessentially.thesame as that lhereinbefore f described with `reference to. Figs. '5,-'6, Van'd7 oft'he anneX'ed'drawings.

In Fig. -`8I "have represented'diagrammatically .t'hemanner'in which the solenoids e are electrically connected 'in the circuit, fit Ibeing understood that 'in practice "the 'terminalsof the two solenoidse are arranged'at lor near thepointjc of 'suspension and insulated from each Vother at such jpoi'nt. :It `will vbe' seen withreferen'ceto"this iigurethat the currents entering 'at :the bindingscrew 'z pass :through the hingedplate mand springd, and vare con ducted through fthew'iree ito and throughthe solenoids v@,passing out therefromthrough'the binding-screw j, until such-time as-fthe pendf ulum a hasa'ttained sufficient amplitude, as

hereinbeforersetforth, when it strikes'against theplate t, Figs. '5, v6, and 7, 'or the rollerjjf, and Vthereby breaks v'the 4circuit between the bindin'gLscre'ws z andy', .and'complctesthecir cuit through the contact-piece b between the Ihe method of joining the vhereinbeforedescribed `apparatus in 'series is vrepresented in diagram at Fig. `10, where, at A, 13,0, D, and E, are shown the 'telephonic stations of iive subscribers connected with Vthe central or calling'station It is kseen'in this 'dia-gram that the metronome Vat the central Aor 'calling station F is connectedwith-the batter'yG, and thatthe telephone at this station may fbe connected `vwith ythe line H `by'a iexible 'orother switching'd'evice. VThis lineis connected with the-series'ofpen'dulums solenoids e, and conductsthe currents "of electricity through the same'by'lthe binding-screws a and j. (See Fig. 8.) The :line/H, after t'helast'sol'eno'idsof` the series, is lcdto yearth,the return I, connected tothe metronome, *being similarly led to earth.

IIO

ways between the receivers and transmitters of the station so called and of the central or calling station. Each of the telephone-posts is connected to earth, and on the fall of the hinged plate rv, Fig. 8, the connection onward through the line H is broken, and a new connection is formed with the telephone-post. The circuit is then complete through the line H and through the telephone-post to earth.

It is to be understood that in the carrying out of my present invention I do not bind myself to the precise construction of apparatus and mode of connecting the same in series hereinbefore set forth, for the same may be varied in many ways without departing from the essential features of my invention. For example,the simple harmonic motion obtained from the pendulums a, as hereinbefore described, may bc also obtained from springs or other equivalent means. Neither do I bind myself to the use of magnets d, passing into solenoids e, or vice versa, for a like dynamic effect may be produced in many ways from the relations ofa closed coil in a magnetic field.

I claim- 1. In combination with an electric circuit, a current-reversing device at acalling-station, and an electro-magnet or solenoid in said circuit, a magnet and a pendulum, all at a receiving-station, said magnet and solenoid beA ing Xed, one to the pendulum and the other to a support stationary relatively to said pendulum, substantially asI and for the purpose set forth.

2. In combination with an electric circuit and means of disturbing the current therein periodically, a pendulum and an electromagnetic device for vibrating said pendulum,-

consisting of a solenoid in said electric circuit and a magnetized core, one of said members being xed to the said pendulum, and the other rigid with the base or support, substantially as set forth.

3. In combination with an electric circuit and a current-reversing device, a pendulum,

and an electro-magnetic device for vibrating said pendulum,consisting of a permanent magnet and an electro-magnet on each side of said pendulum, one member on each side being rigid and the other connected with the pendulum, and the whole being so arranged that the continuous reversal of the current will cause the pendulum to be drawn alternately in opposite directions, substantially as set forth.

4. In combination with an electric circuit and acurrent-revcrsing device therein at different stations on said circuit, a solenoid and magnet for each pendulum, one attached to said pendulum and the other rigid, the iWhole being so arranged that a continuous reversal of the current will cause an alternate attraction and repulsion between said solenoid and magnets, and a consequent vibration of the pendulum, substantially as set forth.

5. In combination with an electric circuit, a metronome, a commutator on the shaft thereof, brushes bearing on said commutator, and respectively in circuit with the battery and the line, anda series of pendulums, each having solenoid and niagnetized corte, adapted to operate substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

6. In combination with a linevcircuit and a device for periodically disturbing the current therein, au electro-magnet in said circuit, a pendulum adapted to be vibrated by said magnet, a local circuit including transmitting and receiving instruments,and a trip or switch adapted to be released by said pendulum, and to automatically break the line-circuit through said magnet and connect said circuitwith the local circuit, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JOHNSTON STEPHEN.

Witnesses:

ROBERT ADAM GUNN, HENRY HART, Both of 115 St. Vincent Street, Glasgow.

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