US3301680A - Method of impregnating paper to reduce curling tendency and resultant article - Google Patents

Method of impregnating paper to reduce curling tendency and resultant article Download PDF

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US3301680A
US3301680A US343229A US34322964A US3301680A US 3301680 A US3301680 A US 3301680A US 343229 A US343229 A US 343229A US 34322964 A US34322964 A US 34322964A US 3301680 A US3301680 A US 3301680A
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paper
glycol
water
molecular weight
weight
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Nycander Oscar Bertil Otto
Carlsson Svenning Natanael
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Mo och Domsjo AB
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
    • G03C1/76—Photosensitive materials characterised by the base or auxiliary layers
    • G03C1/775—Photosensitive materials characterised by the base or auxiliary layers the base being of paper
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
    • D21H17/03—Non-macromolecular organic compounds
    • D21H17/05—Non-macromolecular organic compounds containing elements other than carbon and hydrogen only
    • D21H17/06—Alcohols; Phenols; Ethers; Aldehydes; Ketones; Acetals; Ketals
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
    • G03C1/76—Photosensitive materials characterised by the base or auxiliary layers
    • G03C1/81—Photosensitive materials characterised by the base or auxiliary layers characterised by anticoiling means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an impregnating composition for reducing the tendency to curling of paper and paper-like materials, in particular photographic paper, a paper or paper-like material impregnated with the composition and a method of impregnating paper and paperlike materials with the composition.
  • This curling involves great difiiculties in storage and handling of the materials, e.g. in the case of drawings, which are stored at a work place or in copying such materials.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an impregnating composition for reducing the curling tendency of paper or paper-like materials, which composition is free from the aforementioned disadvantages. Another object is to provide an impregnating composition for. the purpose referred to, which is readily absorbed by paper and paper-like materials and provides a lasting resistance to curling of paper and paper-like materials treated therewith.
  • a turther object is to provide an improved method of treating paper and paper-like materials, in particular such materials coated with photosensitive or thermosensitive substances, by which method such materials can be made resistant to cur-ling in a more eflicient way.
  • a still further object is to provide paper and paper-like materials which have a lasting resistance to curling.
  • the impregnating composition of this invention comprises one or more Water-soluble polyalkylene glycols having a molecular weight of 100 to 6000 and a substance enhancing the absorption of the polyalkylene glycol in Patented Jan. 31, 1967 ice alone, however, a lower rate of absorption is obtained than with the additives referred to.
  • the poly-alkylene glycol or glycols employed should have a molecular weight such that they do not vaporize too readily from the paper, but on the other hand they should not have too high molecular weight, since then the impregnation of the paper is rendered difficult by the high viscosity and decreasing ability of penetration of the polyglycol. It is preferable to use a polyalkylene glycol or mixture of polyalkylene glycols having a molecular weight of between 500 and 1000.
  • the most preferred polyalkylene glycol is polyethylene glycol, although polypropylene glycol, polybutylene glycol etc. in suitabe molecular weights are also useful.
  • Suitable water-soluble polyhydric aliphatic alcohols having 2 to 15 carbon atoms are dihydric, trihydric and higher aliphatic saturated or unsaturated alcohols, such as ethylene glycol, glycerol, propylene glycol, polyalkylene glycols having a molecular weight of not above 250, sorbitol, mannitol, pentaerythritol, 1,4-butanediol, 2,3 butanediol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,2-pentanediol, 1,4-pe-ntanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, 2,3-pentanediol etc.
  • dihydric, trihydric and higher aliphatic saturated or unsaturated alcohols such as ethylene glycol, glycerol, propylene glycol, polyalkylene glycols having a molecular weight of not above 250, sorbitol, manni
  • a suitable formulation of the composition according to the invention is from 0.2 to 5 parts by weight of the water-soluble polyhydric alcohol per part by weight of the polyalkylene glycol component having a molecular weight of between and 6000.
  • a suitable formulation of the composition according to the invention is suitably diluted from 0:2 to- 50 parts by weight of water per part by weight of the polyalkylene (glycol component, e.g. so that the composition contains from about 5 to about 30% by weight of the polyalkylene glycol component, based on the whole composition.
  • impregnation of paper with this composition can be carried out by well-known methods such as dipping or spraying methods.
  • the composition can be introduced either before or after application of the photosensitive or thermosensitive coating.
  • Example 1 Impregnating baths were prepared which contained each 108 g. of polyethylene glycol (molecular weight 600) and 730 g. of water together with (a) 110 g. of ethylene glycol and 84 g. of glycerol, (-b) 194 g. of ethylene glycol, (c) 194 g. of glycerol, and (d) 194 g. of propylene glycol.
  • a bath (e) was also prepared which contained 108 g. of the same polyethylene glycol and 924 g. of water.
  • Sheets of Kodak Projection Document Paper, Medium Weight, Statefile 84, in A5 size were developed 1 minute, dipped in water, fixed for 10 minutes and thereupon immersed without prior rinsing in the polyglycol impregnating bath for 10 minutes. When the sheets were taken up from the polyglycol bath they were allowed to drain for 30 seconds, whereupon they were dried in a photodrier.
  • the amount of polyglycol taken up by each sheet was determined in the following manner: The sheet was extracted in a S-oxhlet apparatus with chloroform for 2 hours, the apparatus being emptied 10 to 15 times. The major portion of the chloroform was evaporated from the extract, whereupon water was added and the remaining chloroform evaporated. The aqueous solution was filtered and diluted to 100 ml. In this solution the amount of polyglycol was determined by precipitation with potassium ferrocyanide, filtration and back-titration with cerium ammonium sulfate.
  • Example 2 The following impregnating baths were prepared.
  • the table shows that both the polyethylene glycol of molecular weight 200 and the glycerol considerably increased the absorption of polyethylene glycol.
  • Example 3 By the procedure described in Example 1, the absorption of polyethylene glycol (molecular weight 600) from baths containing varying amounts of ethylene glycol was determined. The composition of the impregnating baths and the results obtained are shown in the following table.
  • Example 4 To determine the time to be gained by adding a polyhydric lower aliphatic alcohol in accordance with this invention, the following tests were made.
  • Photopaper' sheets of the same type as in Example 1 were divided in two, developed for 1 minute, dipped in water and fixed for 10 minutes.
  • One half was immersed in a bath (a) comprising 10% of polyethylene glycol (molecular weight 600) and 90% of water, the other half in a bath (b) comprising 10% of polyethylene glycol (molecular weight 600), 20% of ethylene glycol and 70% of water.
  • the test was repeated with varying times of immersion. After the sheets had been removed from the baths, they were run through a wringer and then dried for 20 minutes in a photodrier at about C.
  • the amount of polyethylene glycol absorbed by each sheet was determined by the technique described in Example 1. The results are set forth in the following table, wherein each value is an average of two tests.
  • a method of reducing the curling tendency of paper and paper-like materials and photographic paper which comprises applying to the paper an impregnating composition consisting essentially of a water-soluble polyalkylene glycol having a molecular weight within the range from 100 to 6000, and a water-soluble polyhydric aliphatic alcohol facilitating the absorption of the polyalkylene glycol in the paper, and having from about two to about fifteen carbon atoms, the polyhydric alcohol being in an amount within the range from 0.2 to 5 parts by weight per part by weight of the polyalkylene glycol.
  • polyalkylene glycol is a polyethylene glycol having a molecular weight of from 100 to 1000.
  • propylene glycol and polyethylene glycols having a molecular weight of not over about 250.
  • composition comprises a mixture of polyalkylene glycols.
  • composition comprises from 0.2 to 50 parts by weight of water per part by weight of the polyalkylene glycol.
  • Paper having a reduced tendency to curl and impregnated with a composition consisting essentially of a water-soluble polyalkylene glycol having a molecular weight Within the range from 100 to 6000, and a waters-oluble polyhydric aliphatic alcohol facilitating the absorption of the polyalkylene glycol in the paper, and having from about two to about fifteen carbon atoms, the polyhydric alcohol being in an amount within the range from 0.2 to 5 parts by weight per part by weight of the polyalkylene glycol.
  • Photographic paper having a reduced tendency to curl and impregnated with a composition consisting essentially of a water-soluble polyalkylene glycol having a molecular weight within the range from 100 to 6000, and a water-soluble polyhydric aliphatic alcohol facilitating the absorption of the polyalkylene glycol in the paper, and having from about two to about fifteen carbon atoms, the polyhydric alcohol being in an amount within the range from 0.2 to 5 parts by weight per part by weight of the polyalkylene glycol.
  • Paper coated with a photosensitive material and impregnated with a composition consisting essentially of a water-soluble polyalkylene glycol having a molecular weight within the range from to 6000, and a watersoluble polyhydric aliphatic alcohol facilitating the absorption of the polyalkylene glycol in the paper, and having from about two to about two to about fifteen carbon atoms, the polyhydric alcohol being in an amount within the range from 0.2 to 5 parts by weight per part by weight of the polyalkylene glycol.
  • Paper coated with a thermosensitive material and impregnated with a composition consisting essentially of a water-soluble polyalkylene glycol having a molecular weight within the range from 100 to 6000, and a watersoluble polyhydric aliphatic alcohol facilitating the absorption of the polyalkylene glycol in the paper, and having from about two to about fifteen carbon atoms, the polyhydric alcohol being in an amount within the range from 0.2 to 5 parts by weight per part by weight of the polyalkylene glycol.

Description

United States Patent METHDD 0F IMPREGbIATIN G PAPER TO REDUCE CURLING TENDENCY AND RESULTANT ARTI- CLE Oscar Bertil Otto Nycander, Sundasen, and Svenning Natanael Carlsson, Ludvika, Sweden, assignors to M0 Och Domsjo Aktieholag, Ornskoldsvik, Sweden, a corporation of Sweden No Drawing. Filed Feb. 7, 1964, Ser. No. 343,229
11 Claims. (Cl. 96-85) The present invention relates to an impregnating composition for reducing the tendency to curling of paper and paper-like materials, in particular photographic paper, a paper or paper-like material impregnated with the composition and a method of impregnating paper and paperlike materials with the composition.
A problem of many cellulose sheet materials, in particular paper and paper-like material, is that under storage they show a strong tendency of curling on account of variations in air moisture. In particular paper-s coated with light-sensitive or thermosensitive materials, such as photographic papers, exhibit this tendency. This curling involves great difiiculties in storage and handling of the materials, e.g. in the case of drawings, which are stored at a work place or in copying such materials.
Many attempts have been made to solve this problem, e.g. by impregnating the paper with low molecular weight alcohols or mixtures thereof. Such impregnations have initially given a relatively good resistance to curling, but the effect has disappeared already after a short time for various reasons, among them the volatility of the impregnating agent. Attempts have also been made to use higher polyalcohols, which on account of their greater molecular weight are not so volatile, and such substances have been shown to give a very good and lasting eifect, but they show a tendency of being absorbed very slowly or not at all in the materials to be impregnated.
An object of the present invention is to provide an impregnating composition for reducing the curling tendency of paper or paper-like materials, which composition is free from the aforementioned disadvantages. Another object is to provide an impregnating composition for. the purpose referred to, which is readily absorbed by paper and paper-like materials and provides a lasting resistance to curling of paper and paper-like materials treated therewith. A turther object is to provide an improved method of treating paper and paper-like materials, in particular such materials coated with photosensitive or thermosensitive substances, by which method such materials can be made resistant to cur-ling in a more eflicient way. A still further object is to provide paper and paper-like materials which have a lasting resistance to curling.
The impregnating composition of this invention comprises one or more Water-soluble polyalkylene glycols having a molecular weight of 100 to 6000 and a substance enhancing the absorption of the polyalkylene glycol in Patented Jan. 31, 1967 ice alone, however, a lower rate of absorption is obtained than with the additives referred to.
The poly-alkylene glycol or glycols employed should have a molecular weight such that they do not vaporize too readily from the paper, but on the other hand they should not have too high molecular weight, since then the impregnation of the paper is rendered difficult by the high viscosity and decreasing ability of penetration of the polyglycol. It is preferable to use a polyalkylene glycol or mixture of polyalkylene glycols having a molecular weight of between 500 and 1000. The most preferred polyalkylene glycol is polyethylene glycol, although polypropylene glycol, polybutylene glycol etc. in suitabe molecular weights are also useful. It is also possible, in accordance with this invention, to use mixtures of difierent polyalkylene glycols wherein the alkylene groups are ditterent e.g. polyethylene glycol and polypropylene glycol, or mixtures of the same polyalkylene glycol in different molecular weights.
Suitable water-soluble polyhydric aliphatic alcohols having 2 to 15 carbon atoms are dihydric, trihydric and higher aliphatic saturated or unsaturated alcohols, such as ethylene glycol, glycerol, propylene glycol, polyalkylene glycols having a molecular weight of not above 250, sorbitol, mannitol, pentaerythritol, 1,4-butanediol, 2,3 butanediol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,2-pentanediol, 1,4-pe-ntanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, 2,3-pentanediol etc.
A suitable formulation of the composition according to the invention is from 0.2 to 5 parts by weight of the water-soluble polyhydric alcohol per part by weight of the polyalkylene glycol component having a molecular weight of between and 6000. For use such a composition is suitably diluted from 0:2 to- 50 parts by weight of water per part by weight of the polyalkylene (glycol component, e.g. so that the composition contains from about 5 to about 30% by weight of the polyalkylene glycol component, based on the whole composition.
impregnation of paper with this composition can be carried out by well-known methods such as dipping or spraying methods. In the case of a paper or paper-like material coated with a photosensitive or thermosensitive layer, the composition can be introduced either before or after application of the photosensitive or thermosensitive coating.
The invention is illustrated by but not limited to the following examples, which shOW various compositions within the scope of the invention as well as the results obtained therewith as regards the absorption of polyalkylene glycol by photographic paper. Percentages are by weight.
Example 1 Impregnating baths were prepared which contained each 108 g. of polyethylene glycol (molecular weight 600) and 730 g. of water together with (a) 110 g. of ethylene glycol and 84 g. of glycerol, (-b) 194 g. of ethylene glycol, (c) 194 g. of glycerol, and (d) 194 g. of propylene glycol. For comparison, a bath (e) was also prepared which contained 108 g. of the same polyethylene glycol and 924 g. of water.
Sheets of Kodak Projection Document Paper, Medium Weight, Statefile 84, in A5 size were developed 1 minute, dipped in water, fixed for 10 minutes and thereupon immersed without prior rinsing in the polyglycol impregnating bath for 10 minutes. When the sheets were taken up from the polyglycol bath they were allowed to drain for 30 seconds, whereupon they were dried in a photodrier.
Thereupon, the amount of polyglycol taken up by each sheet was determined in the following manner: The sheet was extracted in a S-oxhlet apparatus with chloroform for 2 hours, the apparatus being emptied 10 to 15 times. The major portion of the chloroform was evaporated from the extract, whereupon water was added and the remaining chloroform evaporated. The aqueous solution was filtered and diluted to 100 ml. In this solution the amount of polyglycol was determined by precipitation with potassium ferrocyanide, filtration and back-titration with cerium ammonium sulfate.
The following results were obtained Polyethylene glycol taken up by paper in mg. Average Bath: of 4 sheets (a) 159 (b) 163 (c) 183 (d) 178 (e) 103 The results show that the aliphatic alcohols considerably increase the absorption of the polyalkylcne glycol by the paper.
Example 2 The following impregnating baths were prepared.
Percent Polyethylene glycol (molecular weight 1000) 1O Glycerol 20 Water 70 Polyethylene glycol (molecular weight 1000) 10 Water 90 Polyethylene glycol (molecular weight 1000) 30 Polyethylene glycol (molecular weight 200) 20 Water 50 Polyethylene glycol (molecular weight 1000) 30 Water 70 In each test, there were used two photopapers Kodak Projection Document Paper, Medium Weight, Statefile 84 of A4 size which were divided in two to obtain four A size sheets for each test. The four sheets were developed 1 minute, dipped in water, and fixed for minutes. Without prior rinsing, each sheet was then immersed in 250 ml. impregnating bath for 10 minutes. After the sheets were taken up from the baths, they were run through a wringing machine and then dried for 20 minutes on a photodrier at about 100 C. The amount of polyethylene glycol of molecular weight 1000 taken up by each sheet was determined by the technique described in Example 1. The following results were obtained.
Amount of polyglycol (mol. w. 1000) absorbed, in mg. Bath: Average of 4 sheets (a) 43 (b) 26 (c) 208 (d) 184 The table shows that both the polyethylene glycol of molecular weight 200 and the glycerol considerably increased the absorption of polyethylene glycol.
Example 3 By the procedure described in Example 1, the absorption of polyethylene glycol (molecular weight 600) from baths containing varying amounts of ethylene glycol was determined. The composition of the impregnating baths and the results obtained are shown in the following table.
Bath Composition, percent Absorbed amount of polyethylene glycol in mg. Average of 4 Polyethylene Ethylene Water sheets glycol glycol It is clearly seen from the table that in every case, the addition of ethylene glycol resulted in a significant increase of the amount of polyethylene glycol absorbed as compared to impregnating baths without this addition.
Example 4 To determine the time to be gained by adding a polyhydric lower aliphatic alcohol in accordance with this invention, the following tests were made.
Photopaper' sheets of the same type as in Example 1 were divided in two, developed for 1 minute, dipped in water and fixed for 10 minutes. One half was immersed in a bath (a) comprising 10% of polyethylene glycol (molecular weight 600) and 90% of water, the other half in a bath (b) comprising 10% of polyethylene glycol (molecular weight 600), 20% of ethylene glycol and 70% of water. The test was repeated with varying times of immersion. After the sheets had been removed from the baths, they were run through a wringer and then dried for 20 minutes in a photodrier at about C. The amount of polyethylene glycol absorbed by each sheet was determined by the technique described in Example 1. The results are set forth in the following table, wherein each value is an average of two tests.
Bath Immersion time, Absorbed amount of minutes polyglycol, mg.
a, 5 45 b 5 56 a 10 58 10 62 15 54 15 69 The table shows that the polyglycol is taken up more rapidly from a bath containing ethylene glycol. In the latter case, practically the same amount of polyglycol is taken up in 5 minutes as is taken up in 10 minutes when no ethylene glycol is used.
We claim:
1. A method of reducing the curling tendency of paper and paper-like materials and photographic paper, which comprises applying to the paper an impregnating composition consisting essentially of a water-soluble polyalkylene glycol having a molecular weight within the range from 100 to 6000, and a water-soluble polyhydric aliphatic alcohol facilitating the absorption of the polyalkylene glycol in the paper, and having from about two to about fifteen carbon atoms, the polyhydric alcohol being in an amount within the range from 0.2 to 5 parts by weight per part by weight of the polyalkylene glycol.
2. A method in accordance with claim 1, in which the polyalkylene glycol is a polyethylene glycol having a molecular weight of from 100 to 1000.
3. A method in accordance with claim 1, in which the Water-soluble polyhydric aliphatic alcohol is selected from the group consisting of glycerol, ethylene glycol,
propylene glycol and polyethylene glycols having a molecular weight of not over about 250.
4. A method in accordance with claim 1, in which the composition comprises a mixture of polyalkylene glycols.
5. A method in accordance with claim 1, in which the composition comprises from 0.2 to 50 parts by weight of water per part by weight of the polyalkylene glycol.
6. A method in accordance with claim 1, which comprises applying the composition to the paper by dipping.
7. A process in accordance with claim 1, which comprises applying the composition to the paper by spraying.
8. Paper having a reduced tendency to curl and impregnated with a composition consisting essentially of a water-soluble polyalkylene glycol having a molecular weight Within the range from 100 to 6000, and a waters-oluble polyhydric aliphatic alcohol facilitating the absorption of the polyalkylene glycol in the paper, and having from about two to about fifteen carbon atoms, the polyhydric alcohol being in an amount within the range from 0.2 to 5 parts by weight per part by weight of the polyalkylene glycol.
9. Photographic paper having a reduced tendency to curl and impregnated with a composition consisting essentially of a water-soluble polyalkylene glycol having a molecular weight within the range from 100 to 6000, and a water-soluble polyhydric aliphatic alcohol facilitating the absorption of the polyalkylene glycol in the paper, and having from about two to about fifteen carbon atoms, the polyhydric alcohol being in an amount within the range from 0.2 to 5 parts by weight per part by weight of the polyalkylene glycol.
10. Paper coated with a photosensitive material and impregnated with a composition consisting essentially of a water-soluble polyalkylene glycol having a molecular weight within the range from to 6000, and a watersoluble polyhydric aliphatic alcohol facilitating the absorption of the polyalkylene glycol in the paper, and having from about two to about two to about fifteen carbon atoms, the polyhydric alcohol being in an amount within the range from 0.2 to 5 parts by weight per part by weight of the polyalkylene glycol.
11. Paper coated with a thermosensitive material and impregnated with a composition consisting essentially of a water-soluble polyalkylene glycol having a molecular weight within the range from 100 to 6000, and a watersoluble polyhydric aliphatic alcohol facilitating the absorption of the polyalkylene glycol in the paper, and having from about two to about fifteen carbon atoms, the polyhydric alcohol being in an amount within the range from 0.2 to 5 parts by weight per part by weight of the polyalkylene glycol.
References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS Re. 24,011 5/1955 Ericks 117 156 X 748,179 12/1903 Fowler et al 117-156 X 2,577,734 12/ 1951 Brinker 26027 2,823,138 2/1958 Hoffman 106-311 2,865,792 12/1958 Gray 117-34 2,875,055 2/1959 Griggs et a1. 96--85 MURRAY KATZ, Primary Examiner.
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION Patent No. 3,301,680 January 31, 1967 Oscar Bertil Otto Nycander et al.
It is hereby certified that error appears in the above numbered patent requiring correction and that the said Letters Patent should read as corrected below.
Column 6, line 7, for "about two to about two to about fifteen" read about two to about fifteen Signed and sealed this 17th day of October 1967.
(SEAL) Attest:
Edward M. Fletcher, Jr. EDWARD J. BRENNER Attesting Officer Commissioner of Patents

Claims (1)

1. A METHOD OF REDUCING THE CURLING TENDENCY OF PAPER AND PAPER-LIKE MATERIALS AND PHOTOGRAPHIC PAPER, WHICH COMPRISES APPLYING TO THE PAPER AN IMPREGNATING COMPOSITION CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF A WATER-SOLUBLE POLYALKYLENE GLYCOL HAVING A MOLECULAR WEIGHT WITHIN THE RANGE FROM 100 TO 6000, AND WATER-SOLUBLE POLYHYDRIC ALIPHATIC ALCOHOL FACILITATING THE ABSORPTION OF THE POLYALKYLENE GLYCOL IN THE PAPER, AND HAIVNAG FROM ABOUT TWO TO ABOUT FIFTEEN CARBON ATOMS, THE POLYHYDRIC ALCOHOL BEING IN AN AMOUNT WITHIN THE RANGE FROM 0.2 TO 5 PARTS BY WEIGHT PER PART BY WEIGHT OF THE POLYALKYLENE GLYCOL.
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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3418218A (en) * 1966-03-11 1968-12-24 Chrysler Corp Sealing of aluminum surfaces
US3472664A (en) * 1966-09-15 1969-10-14 Enthone Inhibiting stardusting in electroless copper plating
CN107244084A (en) * 2017-06-22 2017-10-13 合肥励仙电力工程有限公司 A kind of manufacture method of environmentally friendly paper

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US748179A (en) * 1903-05-04 1903-12-29 Edwin H Fowler Paper and process of making same.
US2577734A (en) * 1951-01-31 1951-12-11 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Plasticized polyvinyl acetate emulsion
USRE24011E (en) * 1949-07-07 1955-05-31 Product thereof
US2823138A (en) * 1956-05-29 1958-02-11 Du Pont Thermofluid vehicle
US2865792A (en) * 1954-12-20 1958-12-23 Eastman Kodak Co Reduced curl in photographic paper
US2875055A (en) * 1956-10-18 1959-02-24 Eastman Kodak Co Photographic paper having reduced processing curl

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US748179A (en) * 1903-05-04 1903-12-29 Edwin H Fowler Paper and process of making same.
USRE24011E (en) * 1949-07-07 1955-05-31 Product thereof
US2577734A (en) * 1951-01-31 1951-12-11 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Plasticized polyvinyl acetate emulsion
US2865792A (en) * 1954-12-20 1958-12-23 Eastman Kodak Co Reduced curl in photographic paper
US2823138A (en) * 1956-05-29 1958-02-11 Du Pont Thermofluid vehicle
US2875055A (en) * 1956-10-18 1959-02-24 Eastman Kodak Co Photographic paper having reduced processing curl

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3418218A (en) * 1966-03-11 1968-12-24 Chrysler Corp Sealing of aluminum surfaces
US3472664A (en) * 1966-09-15 1969-10-14 Enthone Inhibiting stardusting in electroless copper plating
CN107244084A (en) * 2017-06-22 2017-10-13 合肥励仙电力工程有限公司 A kind of manufacture method of environmentally friendly paper

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