US3259486A - Method of refining pig iron - Google Patents
Method of refining pig iron Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3259486A US3259486A US284851A US28485163A US3259486A US 3259486 A US3259486 A US 3259486A US 284851 A US284851 A US 284851A US 28485163 A US28485163 A US 28485163A US 3259486 A US3259486 A US 3259486A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- slag
- blowing
- pig iron
- bath
- refining
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910000805 Pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 26
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 title claims description 24
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 72
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 10
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 9
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 8
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005261 decarburization Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000616 Ferromanganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009844 basic oxygen steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010436 fluorite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron manganese Chemical compound [Mn].[Fe] DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
- C21C5/30—Regulating or controlling the blowing
- C21C5/32—Blowing from above
Definitions
- the swinging motion of the bath e.g., a pig iron bath in a container for the metallurgical treatment, especially for the refining to steel
- the container which is rotatably journalled around a horizontal axis passing through or near its centre of gravity, at its ItOP or bottom end a reciprocating movement at a constant frequency but at a ditferent amplitude.
- a frequency is chosen which is in resonance with the rotating swinging movement of the bath for attaining a rotating swinging movement of the surface of the bath.
- a container of a cross-sectional shape other than round, suitably an elliptical cross section to arrange the initiating movement within the angle section between the longest and shortest diameters of the container section.
- the frequency of the initiating movement can be adjusted within a range of the order of 2 to 4 times as high as the one with which the circulating swinging movement is in resonance.
- the movement of the converter container can be brought about by means of a rotating disc the axis of rotation of which is perpendicular to the direction of movement of the converter, there being on the rotating disc a spindle rotatable around its axis arranged in horizontal position so that the axis of the spindle crosses the axis of rotation of the rotating disc at right angles, a nut being provided on said spindle axially displaceable through rotation of the spindle, and a lever rotatably connected at one end to said nut the other end being coupled to the converter so as to transform the rotary movement of the spindle nut into a reciprocating movement of the converter.
- a spring element e.g. a screw spring or a magnetic coil with spring action or several such elastic means, it is possible to bring about the natural vibration of the bath promoting the intermixing of metal and slag at a smaller amplitude than by non-springy-connection between propulsion means and converter.
- the melting process has to be adjusted so that the slag from the beginning is below its melting temperature, the liquidus point, i.e., that it is solid or predominantly solid, but towards the end when that carbon content is reached, at which it is desired to finish the refining process the slag should be liquified.
- the solid slags according to aassnse also can be obtained when the slag is supersaturated with 2CaO SiO a very high melting compound.
- the addition of CaO carriers should then be adjusted so that this compound can be preferentially formed.
- a too low but also a too high lime addition decreases the melting point and could lead to liquid slags.
- carriers of other basic material than CaO can be chosen which form high melting compounds with SiO Even when refining pig iron especially low in P and S in converters with acid linings it is advantageous to work according to the invention.
- the SiO content of the slag must be so high that the slag becomes supersaturated with SiO This depends in the first place upon the relative Si content of the pig iron in relation to the contents of other slag forming accessory elements in the pig iron.
- the process is completed in one step, i.e. without intermediate slag tapping. Naturally it i possible to make a break for sampling or temperature measuring or towards the end to afterrefine for correction.
- Example 1 Thomas pig iron was refined to steel in an oscillating ladle of 0.8 m. interior volume. For the refining there was used 96% oxygen gas, as cooling agent iron ore concentrate with 67% Fe and as slag former burnt lime of the grain fraction 47 mm. The ox gen gas was blown through a water cooled tuyere of mm. inner diameter.
- Lime in the first period was added before the beginning of the blowing and after about 6 minutes ore concentrate wa added continuously. More lime was added before the start of the second blowing period whereas cooling agent was continuously added during the first two minutes of the second blowing period. The slag was molten first towards the end of the second blowing period.
- Period N o 0 l 2 Scrap, lrgs 100 Lime, kgs 300 Oxygen, N1IL3 2 53 Blowing time, minutes. 14. 9 3
- the melts are blown without any ejections and very rapidly.
- the low temperature procedure demands large cooling agent additions which preferably in the form of scrap iron decrease the charge costs and increase the yield.
- Method for refining pig iron to steel which comprises substantially continuously blowing a gaseous oxygen carrier on to a bath of molten pig iron and slag maintained in natural virbation in a melting container of round cross section by exterior means, said vibration being sufficient to cause intermixing of the surface layers of the bath, maintaining the slag in substantially solid state during the major portion of the blowing period. and until a short time before attaining that carbon content at which the blowing is to be ended, liquifying said slag and shortly thereafter ending said blowing.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Carbon Steel Or Casting Steel Manufacturing (AREA)
- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
Description
United States Patent 11 Claims. (or. 7560) It is known to bring a liquid bath in a container of preferably round cross section into a substantially circular swinging movement by external means and it has been proposed to refine a pig iron melt, brought into a swinging motion in this manner, to steel by blowing a gaseous oxygen carrier onto or through the melt while applying the conditions of the corresponding simple refining methods.
Special characteristics of such methods are contained in older suggestions by the applicants.
According to one suggestion the swinging motion of the bath, e.g., a pig iron bath in a container for the metallurgical treatment, especially for the refining to steel, is brought about by applying to the container which is rotatably journalled around a horizontal axis passing through or near its centre of gravity, at its ItOP or bottom end a reciprocating movement at a constant frequency but at a ditferent amplitude. A frequency is chosen which is in resonance with the rotating swinging movement of the bath for attaining a rotating swinging movement of the surface of the bath. For this purpose it is advantageous in a container (converter) of a cross-sectional shape other than round, suitably an elliptical cross section to arrange the initiating movement within the angle section between the longest and shortest diameters of the container section. In order to achieve an irregular wave motion of the surface of the bath the frequency of the initiating movement can be adjusted within a range of the order of 2 to 4 times as high as the one with which the circulating swinging movement is in resonance. According to another proposal the movement of the converter container can be brought about by means of a rotating disc the axis of rotation of which is perpendicular to the direction of movement of the converter, there being on the rotating disc a spindle rotatable around its axis arranged in horizontal position so that the axis of the spindle crosses the axis of rotation of the rotating disc at right angles, a nut being provided on said spindle axially displaceable through rotation of the spindle, and a lever rotatably connected at one end to said nut the other end being coupled to the converter so as to transform the rotary movement of the spindle nut into a reciprocating movement of the converter.
Further it has been stated that by inserting a spring element, e.g. a screw spring or a magnetic coil with spring action or several such elastic means, it is possible to bring about the natural vibration of the bath promoting the intermixing of metal and slag at a smaller amplitude than by non-springy-connection between propulsion means and converter.
Finally there has been suggested a method of intermixing liquid reaction baths, especially for the refining reaction in the production of steel from pig iron, in which the surface of the bath is brought into a rotating movement Within a range of revolutions giving rise to the natural vibration of the bath which causes the intermixing of the constituents of the surface of the bath, particularly slag and bath, said rotating movement being caused by blowing gas onto the surface so that its impinging section describes acircular movement on the surface of the bath. This method is particularly suitbale for such reactions the concentration adjustment of which between the reaction phases must be in the neighborhood of equilibrium.
Trials carried out for the refining of pig iron to steel by blowing gaseous oxygen carriers onto a molten bath brought into a rotating swinging movement in a melting container of circular cross section by means of eccentrical movement of the container gave the surprising result which led to a working procedure different from the procedure of any previously known method.
When refining with oxygen blow from above it is necessary to keep the slag in liquid state during the course of tht melting in order to arrive at a somewhat satisfactory concentration adjustment between metal and slag. This is especially valid for the dephosphorization reactions in the refining of pig iron rich in phosphorus. In a bottom blowing converter the formation of a liquid slag after the finish of the decarburization is necessary for this purpose. In the oxygen-converter process the dephosphorization must be carried out during the decarburization period. This necessitates maintaining a liquid slag during the decarburization. Further in these methods one or two exchanges of the slag are necessary to arrive at the demanded low phosphorus content at the desired decarburization point.
When refining pig iron to steel by blowing gaseous oxygen carriers from above the completely new knowledge was obtained that with such a movement of the bath at which natural vibrations occur which cause an intermixing of the surface layers of the bath the slag forming refining reaction and particularly the dephosphorization by means of and below solid slags proceedsnot only equally well but better than with the use of liquid slags. According to this the melting process has to be adjusted so that the slag from the beginning is below its melting temperature, the liquidus point, i.e., that it is solid or predominantly solid, but towards the end when that carbon content is reached, at which it is desired to finish the refining process the slag should be liquified.
It is particularly advantageous for the attaining of such solid or substantially solid slags from the start to keep the temperature of the melt itself as low as possible and first towards the end to permit it to rise to the desired value for tapping. This is carried out in such a Way that suitable cooling agents are added from the start and/ or during the refining. If large additions of cooling agents bring about a commercial gain, a further advantage of a low temperature of the melt and particularly of the maintenance of a solid or substantially solid slag lies in a low attack on the lining.
The temperature of the metal melt is thereby permitted to arrive at its liquidus line and periodically even to pass a little below. Towards the end of the refining it is desirable that the temperature is high above that line. The slag temperature has thus a lower limit.
A further control lies in the adjustment of the slag composition.
When refining especially pig iron rich in phosphorus in a refining container with basic lining it is advantageous from the beginning and/or during the refining to add so much lime to the slag components formed during the refining that the total slag is supersaturated with CaO. Since the melting temperatures of the slag-polynary systems FeO+MnOCaO-P O or FeO+MnOCaO- SiO are essentially known it is easily possible for a man skilled in the art to choose the corresponding addition of a lime carrier.
Instead of or together with 0210 also other agents, such as MgO, which increase the melting point may be added.
When refining pig iron low in phosphorus but high in silicon in a basic converter the solid slags according to aassnse the invention also can be obtained when the slag is supersaturated with 2CaO SiO a very high melting compound. The addition of CaO carriers should then be adjusted so that this compound can be preferentially formed. A too low but also a too high lime addition decreases the melting point and could lead to liquid slags. Also in this case carriers of other basic material than CaO can be chosen which form high melting compounds with SiO Even when refining pig iron especially low in P and S in converters with acid linings it is advantageous to work according to the invention. Then the SiO content of the slag must be so high that the slag becomes supersaturated with SiO This depends in the first place upon the relative Si content of the pig iron in relation to the contents of other slag forming accessory elements in the pig iron.
Finally, towards the end of the refining action, however, these slags have to be liquified. Insofar as the rising melting temperature, the lower carbon contents and the increasing content of ferrous .oxide are not sufiicient for such a liquification, fluxing slag components can then be added. For basic slags such additions are fluorspar or SiO or TiO or A1 and others for acid slags bases such as C210 and MgO.
The process is completed in one step, i.e. without intermediate slag tapping. Naturally it i possible to make a break for sampling or temperature measuring or towards the end to afterrefine for correction.
Example 1 Thomas pig iron was refined to steel in an oscillating ladle of 0.8 m. interior volume. For the refining there was used 96% oxygen gas, as cooling agent iron ore concentrate with 67% Fe and as slag former burnt lime of the grain fraction 47 mm. The ox gen gas was blown through a water cooled tuyere of mm. inner diameter.
Charge: 1300 kgs. Thomas pig iron. Additions: 60 kgs. ore concentrate.
200 kgs. burnt lime. 87 Nm. oxygen gas.
Yield:
1122 kgs. steel 350 kgs. slag The course of the refining is clear from the following table giving the analyses of the metal and slag samples taken out.
Period 0 1 2 3 Ore concentrate, kg Lime, kg 150 40 10 Oxygen, Nm. 40 37 10 Blowing time, min 8. 0 7. 5 2. 5 Samples: Temperature of bath, C. 1,120 1, 3t 0 1, 610 1, 555 Metal, percent' 51. 4 4G. 3 2. 8O 2. 6. 5T 5. S5 17. 6 13. 8 12. 3 20. 6
Lime in the first period was added before the beginning of the blowing and after about 6 minutes ore concentrate wa added continuously. More lime was added before the start of the second blowing period whereas cooling agent was continuously added during the first two minutes of the second blowing period. The slag was molten first towards the end of the second blowing period.
Example 2 In this case a low phosphorus hot metal wa blown to steel in a five-ton shaking converter using scrap as cool [,5 ant and burnt lime as slag former. Pure oxygen (99%) was blown through a water cooled lance with an opening of 30 millimeters.
Input:
4-900 kgs. hot metal 100 kgs. scrap 300 kgs. lime 30 kgs. ferro manganese 314 Nm. oxygen Output:
43 00 kgs. steel 700 kgs. slag Blowing time: 17.9 minutes The course of the heat is shown in the table below:
Period N o: 0 l 2 Scrap, lrgs 100 Lime, kgs 300 Oxygen, N1IL3 2 53 Blowing time, minutes. 14. 9 3
Sample N o O l 2 Metal temperature, C 1, 140 1, 575 1, 642
Analyses 0 1 2 Metal, percent:
l. 45 0. 36 0. 18 0. 210 0. 025 0. 025 0. 028 O. 018 0. 012 N 0. 005 0. 002 0. 003 Slag, percent:
CaO 54. 4 39. 6 MgO--- 2. 25 2.80 M 10.8 9. 24 S102 8. 09 5. 98 P 0 4. 56 3.62 Fe (total)- 12. 6 27. 6
Scrap and lime were added before the start of the blowing. A thick, fluid slag was formed at the end of the first period of blowing.
The advantages of this method according to the invention are many. Some of them are enumerated hereinbelow.
The melts are blown without any ejections and very rapidly.
The low temperature procedure demands large cooling agent additions which preferably in the form of scrap iron decrease the charge costs and increase the yield.
With the cold and solid slags the durability of the lining is very good.
The contents of all accessary elements in the iron, sulphur included, are very rapidly decreased to low values due to the good reactivity of the solid slags, so that the refining process is ready at any desired final carbon content.
Since one has only to go by the final carbon content the handling of the melt is very simple.
At the low temperatures the dust losses are small.
What is claimed is:
1. Method for refining pig iron to steel which comprises substantially continuously blowing a gaseous oxygen carrier on to a bath of molten pig iron and slag maintained in natural virbation in a melting container of round cross section by exterior means, said vibration being sufficient to cause intermixing of the surface layers of the bath, maintaining the slag in substantially solid state during the major portion of the blowing period. and until a short time before attaining that carbon content at which the blowing is to be ended, liquifying said slag and shortly thereafter ending said blowing.
2. Method as defined in claim '1 in which the temperature of the bath is maintained below the pouring temperature until near the end of the blowing by the addition thereto of a cooling agent.
3. Method as defined in claim [1 in which the pig iron is a high phosphorus pig iron, the melting container has a basic lining, the slag is maintained supersaturated with CaO and near the end of the blowing undissolved slag constituents are caused to be dissolved in the slag by increasing the temperature of the slag.
4. Method as defined in claim 1 in which the pig iron is a high phosphorus pig iron, the melting container has a basic lining, the slag is maintained supersaturated with Ca() and near the end of the blowing undissolved slag constituents are caused to be dissolved in the slag by increasing the FeO content of the slag.
5. Method as defined in claim 1 in which the pig iron is a high phosphorus pig iron, the melting container has a basic lining, the slag is maintained supersaturated with C110 and near the end of the blowing undissolved slag constituents are caused to be dissolved in the slag by adding a flux to the slag.
6. Method as defined in claim 1 in which the pig iron is low phosphorus pig iron, the melting container has a basic lining, the slag is maintained supersaturated with 2CaO-Sio and near the end of the blowing undissolved slag constituents are dissolved therein by increasing the temperature of the slag.
7. Method as defined in claim 1 in which the pig iron is low phosphorus pig iron, the melting container has a basic lining, the slag is maintained supersaturated with a CaO-SiO and near the end of the blowing undissolved slag constituents are dissolved therein by increasing the FeO content of the slag.
8. Method as defined in claim 1 in which the pig iron is low phosphorus pig iron, the melting container has a basic lining, the slag is maintained supersaturated with 2 CaO-Sio and near the end of the blowing undissolved slag constituents are dissolved therein by adding a flux to the slag.
9. Method as defined in claim 1 in which the pig iron is low in P and S, the melting container has .an acid lining, the slag is maintained supersaturated with S10 and near the end of the blowing undissolved slag constituents are dissolved therein by increasing the temperature of the slag.
10. Method as defined in claim 1 in which the pig iron is low in P and S, the melting container has an acid lining, the slag is maintained supersaturated with S10 and near the end of the blowing undissolved slag constituents are dissolved therein by increasing the FeO content of the slag.
11. Method as defined in claim 1 in which the pig iron is low in P and S, the melting container has an acid lining, the slag is maintained supersaturated with S10 and near the end of the blowing undissolved slag constituents are dissolved therein by adding a flux to the slag.
References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 879,480 2/ 1908 Von Maltitz -52 2,258,850 10/1941 Eu-leustein et al. 7552 2,668,759 2/1954 Tenenbaum 7552 2,671,018 3/1954 Graet' 75--52 2,741,554 4/1956 'Rinesoh 7560 2,826,488 3/1958 Bowden 7552 2,893,861 7/1959 Rinesch 7552 FOREIGN PATENTS 723,615 2/ 1955 Great Britain.
806,776 12/1958 Great Britain.
BENJAMIN HENKIN, Primary Examiner.
DAVID L. RECK, Examiner.
Claims (1)
1. METHOD FOR REFINING PIG IRON TTO STEEL WHICH COMPRISES SUBSTANTIALLY CONTINUOUSLY BLOWING A GASEOUS OXYGEN CARRIER ON TO A BATH OF MOLTEN PIG IRON AND SLAG MAINTAINED IN NATURAL VIBRATION IN A MELTING CONTAINER OF ROUND CROSS SECTION BY EXTERIOR MEANS, SAID VIBRATION BEING SUFFICIENT TO CAUSE INTERMIXING OF THE SURFACE LAYERS OF THE BATH, MAINTANING THE SLAG IN SUBSTAITNALLY SOLID STATE DURING THE MAJOR PORTION OF THE BLOWING PERIOD AND UNTIL A SHORT TIME BEFORE ATTAINING THAT CARBON CONTENT AT WHICH THE BLOWING IS TO BE ENDED, LIQUIFYING SAID SLAG AND SHORTLY THREAFTER ENDING SAID BLOWING.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DET22266A DE1273551B (en) | 1962-06-06 | 1962-06-06 | Process for refining pig iron to steel using bath agitation |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3259486A true US3259486A (en) | 1966-07-05 |
Family
ID=7550472
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US284851A Expired - Lifetime US3259486A (en) | 1962-06-06 | 1963-06-03 | Method of refining pig iron |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3259486A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE1273551B (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1016736A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3427150A (en) * | 1965-08-19 | 1969-02-11 | Niehaus Eng Sa | Process for manufacturing iron or steel with low sulphur content |
| US3523030A (en) * | 1966-02-22 | 1970-08-04 | Geigy Ag J R | Pigment treatment |
| US3523020A (en) * | 1967-05-15 | 1970-08-04 | Canada Steel Co | Continuous phosphorus removal in electric-arc steelmaking |
| US3884678A (en) * | 1974-02-04 | 1975-05-20 | Jones & Laughlin Steel Corp | Fluxes |
Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US879480A (en) * | 1906-04-30 | 1908-02-18 | Edmund Von Maltitz | Process for purifying iron. |
| US2258850A (en) * | 1937-10-29 | 1941-10-14 | Sachtleben Ag | Process for desulphurizing iron or iron alloys |
| US2668759A (en) * | 1952-05-22 | 1954-02-09 | Inland Steel Co | Steelmaking process |
| US2671018A (en) * | 1952-03-31 | 1954-03-02 | Huettenwerk Oberhausen Ag | Process for the production of basic bessemer steel low in nitrogen |
| GB723615A (en) * | 1951-12-01 | 1955-02-09 | Voest Ag | Process for the manufacture of technically pure iron |
| US2741554A (en) * | 1955-08-26 | 1956-04-10 | Rinesch Rudolf Franz | Method of refining iron |
| US2826488A (en) * | 1955-06-24 | 1958-03-11 | James J Bowden | Process of making steel from pig iron |
| GB806776A (en) * | 1956-07-24 | 1958-12-31 | Electro Chimie Metal | Improvements in or relating to the desulphurization and desiliconization of pig iron |
| US2893861A (en) * | 1957-05-10 | 1959-07-07 | Bot Brassert Oxygen Technik A | Method of refining crude iron |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB700224A (en) * | 1951-03-30 | 1953-11-25 | Demag Ag | Top blast refining process in the production of steel |
| AT201087B (en) * | 1956-09-07 | 1958-12-10 | Voest Ag | Process for refining molten metal baths |
| FR1246974A (en) * | 1958-12-27 | 1960-11-25 | Kloeckner Werke Ag | Cast iron refining process |
-
1962
- 1962-06-06 DE DET22266A patent/DE1273551B/en active Pending
-
1963
- 1963-05-31 GB GB21999/63A patent/GB1016736A/en not_active Expired
- 1963-06-03 US US284851A patent/US3259486A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US879480A (en) * | 1906-04-30 | 1908-02-18 | Edmund Von Maltitz | Process for purifying iron. |
| US2258850A (en) * | 1937-10-29 | 1941-10-14 | Sachtleben Ag | Process for desulphurizing iron or iron alloys |
| GB723615A (en) * | 1951-12-01 | 1955-02-09 | Voest Ag | Process for the manufacture of technically pure iron |
| US2671018A (en) * | 1952-03-31 | 1954-03-02 | Huettenwerk Oberhausen Ag | Process for the production of basic bessemer steel low in nitrogen |
| US2668759A (en) * | 1952-05-22 | 1954-02-09 | Inland Steel Co | Steelmaking process |
| US2826488A (en) * | 1955-06-24 | 1958-03-11 | James J Bowden | Process of making steel from pig iron |
| US2741554A (en) * | 1955-08-26 | 1956-04-10 | Rinesch Rudolf Franz | Method of refining iron |
| GB806776A (en) * | 1956-07-24 | 1958-12-31 | Electro Chimie Metal | Improvements in or relating to the desulphurization and desiliconization of pig iron |
| US2893861A (en) * | 1957-05-10 | 1959-07-07 | Bot Brassert Oxygen Technik A | Method of refining crude iron |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3427150A (en) * | 1965-08-19 | 1969-02-11 | Niehaus Eng Sa | Process for manufacturing iron or steel with low sulphur content |
| US3523030A (en) * | 1966-02-22 | 1970-08-04 | Geigy Ag J R | Pigment treatment |
| US3523020A (en) * | 1967-05-15 | 1970-08-04 | Canada Steel Co | Continuous phosphorus removal in electric-arc steelmaking |
| US3884678A (en) * | 1974-02-04 | 1975-05-20 | Jones & Laughlin Steel Corp | Fluxes |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB1016736A (en) | 1966-01-12 |
| DE1273551B (en) | 1968-07-25 |
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