US3243398A - Aqueous paper sizing composition containing styrene-maleic anhydride compolymer saltand polyvinyl alcohol - Google Patents
Aqueous paper sizing composition containing styrene-maleic anhydride compolymer saltand polyvinyl alcohol Download PDFInfo
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- US3243398A US3243398A US113122A US11312261A US3243398A US 3243398 A US3243398 A US 3243398A US 113122 A US113122 A US 113122A US 11312261 A US11312261 A US 11312261A US 3243398 A US3243398 A US 3243398A
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- wax
- polyvinyl alcohol
- maleic anhydride
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- sizing
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 35
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 title claims description 35
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 title claims description 14
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 title claims description 13
- PYSRRFNXTXNWCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2-phenylethenyl)furan-2,5-dione Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C(C=CC=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 PYSRRFNXTXNWCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 12
- 229920000147 Styrene maleic anhydride Polymers 0.000 title claims description 12
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 34
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 29
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 13
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 13
- 235000019422 polyvinyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- 229940068984 polyvinyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 12
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 10
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 description 9
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 description 9
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000011087 paperboard Substances 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- -1 alkali metal salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 3
- QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylamine Chemical compound CCN QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCN HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1 JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JQVDAXLFBXTEQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutylamine Chemical compound CCCCNCCCC JQVDAXLFBXTEQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- WGYKZJWCGVVSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylamine Chemical compound CCCN WGYKZJWCGVVSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011253 protective coating Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000014121 butter Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000013351 cheese Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000013365 dairy product Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylamine Chemical compound CCNCC HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WEHWNAOGRSTTBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropylamine Chemical compound CCCNCCC WEHWNAOGRSTTBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013038 hand mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012169 petroleum derived wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019381 petroleum wax Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- JTJMJGYZQZDUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phencyclidine Chemical compound C1CCCCN1C1(C=2C=CC=CC=2)CCCCC1 JTJMJGYZQZDUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylamine Chemical compound CCCCN(CCCC)CCCC IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YFTHZRPMJXBUME-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripropylamine Chemical compound CCCN(CCC)CCC YFTHZRPMJXBUME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
- D21H17/33—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D21H17/34—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D21H17/41—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing ionic groups
- D21H17/42—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing ionic groups anionic
- D21H17/43—Carboxyl groups or derivatives thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L29/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical; Compositions of hydrolysed polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L29/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated alcohols
- C08L29/04—Polyvinyl alcohol; Partially hydrolysed homopolymers or copolymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L35/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a carboxyl radical, and containing at least one other carboxyl radical in the molecule, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L35/06—Copolymers with vinyl aromatic monomers
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
- D21H17/33—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D21H17/34—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D21H17/35—Polyalkenes, e.g. polystyrene
Definitions
- This invention relates to a novel sizing composition and to cellulosic paper products sized therewith.
- Wax compositions of various types have long been used as a protective coating on paper substrates, particularly those items employed in containing or Wrapping food and dairy products such as milk, cheese, butter, meats, etc.
- the wax coating serves the purpose of protecting the paper substrate from direct contact with the particular food product contained therein.
- Paperboard milk cartons for example, are coated with a wax composition in order to protect the paperboard from attack by the lactic acid contained in the milk and thereby preserving the rigidity of the container. This in turn maintains the usefulness and sales appeal of the milk carton.
- Another object of this invention is to provide a sized cellulosic paper sheet having a wax coating thereon.
- Still another object of this invention is to provide a sized cellulosic paper milk carton having a wax coating deposited on at least the interior surfaces thereof, which milk carton has improved lactic acid resistance.
- a sizing composition consisting of 95-40 parts by weight of a styrene maleic anhydride copolymer and, correspondingly, 5-60 parts by weight of a polyvinyl alcohol.
- EXAMPLE I This example illustrates one embodiment of the invention employed in the preparation of the polyvinyl alcoholstyrene maleic anhydride copolymer sizing solution.
- the polyvinyl alcohol employed in this example has a viscosity of about 45-55 centipoises as determined by the viscosity of a 4% water solution at 20 C. by means of the Hoeppler falling ball method.
- the styrene maleic anhydride copolymer employed herein has a specific viscosity of about 3 as determined by a 1% solution of the copolymer in cyclohexanone measured at 25 C. Both of these methods are a means of determining the molecular weight of the respective ingredients in terms of viscosity and specific viscosity respectively, and are the methods employed in the other examples.
- the resulting sizing solution contains 5% solids and is subsequently identified as A.
- EXAMPLE II Prepare an aqueous ammonium hydroxide sizing solution containing 5% of a styrene maleic anhydride copolymer by adding 5 parts of the copolymer, having a specific viscosity of about 3, to approximately parts of Water. Add ammonium hydroxide and adjust the pH to 6.5 to 7.5. Heat the mixture to about 90-95 C. and hold the mixture at this temperature, while agitating, for about 30 minutes. A clear solution will result. Adjust the pH to 6.5-7.5 with ammonium hydroxide if necessary, and cool to room temperature.
- EXAMPLE III Prepare an aqueous sizing composition containing 5% of a polyvinyl alcohol, having a viscosity of about 45-55 centipoises, by adding 5 parts of the polyvinyl alcohol to about 95 parts of water. Heat the mixture to about 75-85 C. and hold at this temperature, while agitating, until a clear solution is obtained. Cool the solution to room temperature.
- Part C With the remaining samples as prepared in Part A, soak them in a 1% aqueous lactic acid solution for 48 hours at room temperature. Dry the samples between blotters to remove excess surface solution and reweigh to determine lactic acid pickup. Test the samples for wet stifiness on a Gurley R. D. Stiifness tester to determine the effect that lactic acid has on the rigidity of the samples.
- Part D The results of Parts A, B and C are as follows with the blank untreated specimens being employed as a con-
- the results as described in Table I show that the sizing solution of this invention, Solution A, has increased the lactic acid resistance of the cellulosic paperboard substrate over that of the other sizing solutions as employed herein while still maintaining good wax holdout.
- the increase in resistance to lactic acid is particularly significant in the rigidity retention of the samples as determined by wet stiffness on a Gurley R. D. Stifi'ness tester. This measures the force in grams required to bend the sample, the greater the force required, the greater the rigidity.
- a sample sized with sizing Solution A and then coated with wax has a rigidity of about 46% greater than a similar sample sized with Solution B, which solution contains only the styrene maleic anhydride copolymer.
- Solution B which solution contains only the styrene maleic anhydride copolymer.
- Solution C which contains only polyvinyl alcohol
- an increase of about 63% is obtained.
- an increase of about 150% is noted. Therefore, there is a substantial improvement in the lactic acid resistance in a sized cellulosic paper substrate having a wax coating thereon when employing the sizing solution of this invention.
- This invention is directed to a cellulosic paper sizing composition selected from the group consisting of (a) 95-40 parts by Weight of a styrene maleic anhydride copolymer and, correspondingly, 5-60 parts by weight of a polyvinyl alcohol and (b) the ammonium, amine and alkali metal salts of (a).
- the styrene maleic anhydride copolymer employed in the practice of this invention has a specific viscosity of 2-5 and the polyvinyl alcohol has a viscosity of 40-60 centipoises at 20 C.
- the composition By converting the composition to the ammonium, amine or alkali metal salt, the composition is rendered soluble in water to form an aqueous solution thereof.
- the solids content should be in the range of 1-20 weight percent and preferably 2-10 weight percent. This allows for ease or application of the sizing composition and insures uniform sizing of the cellulosic paper employed therewith.
- the pH of the sizing solution should be in the range of 5-9 and preferably 6-8.
- Typical examples of the amines which may be employed in converting the sizing composition to the amine salt thereof are ethylamine, butylamine, propylamine, diethylamine, dipropylamine, dibutylamine, triethylamine, tripropylamine, tributylamine and mixtures thereof.
- Typical examples of the alkali metal hydroxides which may be employed in converting the sizing composition to the alkali metal salt thereof are sodium, magnesium, potassium, calcium and mixtures thereof.
- the preferred embodiment is to employ an aqueous solution of the ammonium salt of the composition in sizing cellulosic paper.
- the advantage of this invention is found in the ability of the sizing composition to render cellulosic paper, when sized and subsequently coated with a wax, highly resistant to lactic acid attack as compared to unsized cellulosic paper coated with a wax. Also the sized cellulosic paper has better wax holdout than unsized cellulosic paper thereby minimizing excessive consumption of wax.
- Cellulosic paperboard sized with the composition of this invention for example and coated with a wax is extremely useful in fabricating milk cartonsvsince the milk cartons retain good rigidity for sales appeal and handling when in contact with milk.
- An aqueous solution having in admixture 1-20 weight percent of a cellulosic paper sizing composition selected from the group consisting of the ammonium, amine and alkali metal salts of 95-40 parts by weight of a styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer having a specific viscosity of 2-5 and correspondingly 5-60 parts by weight of a polyvinyl alcohol having a viscosity of 40-60 centipoises at 20 C.; said solution having a pH of 5-9.
- a cellulosic paper sizing composition selected from the group consisting of the ammonium, amine and alkali metal salts of 95-40 parts by weight of a styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer having a specific viscosity of 2-5 and correspondingly 5-60 parts by weight of a polyvinyl alcohol having a viscosity of 40-60 centipoises at 20 C.; said solution having a pH of 5-9.
- a sizing composition as described in claim 1 wherein thecomposition consists of -50 parts by weight of a styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer and, correspondingly, 20-50 parts by weight of a polyvinyl alcohol.
Description
United States Patent 3,243,398 AQUEOUS PAPER SIZING COMPOSITION CON- TAINING STYRENE-MALEIC ANHYDRIDE COPOLYMER SALT AND POLYVINYL ALCO- HOL Francis A. Bonzagni, Springfield, Mass., assignor to Monsanto Company, a corporation of Delaware No Drawing. Filed May 29, 1961, Ser. No. 113,122
' 4 Claims. (Cl. 26029.6)
This invention relates to a novel sizing composition and to cellulosic paper products sized therewith.
Wax compositions of various types have long been used as a protective coating on paper substrates, particularly those items employed in containing or Wrapping food and dairy products such as milk, cheese, butter, meats, etc. The wax coating serves the purpose of protecting the paper substrate from direct contact with the particular food product contained therein. Paperboard milk cartons, for example, are coated with a wax composition in order to protect the paperboard from attack by the lactic acid contained in the milk and thereby preserving the rigidity of the container. This in turn maintains the usefulness and sales appeal of the milk carton.
However, in the application of such Wax coatings, there are several drawbacks and shortcomings. For example, when applying a hot fluid wax coating to cellulosic paper, the wax composition penetrates the interstices of the paper. This results in a poor surface wax coating which seriously defeats the protective purpose intended by employing the wax coating. Alternatively, to obtain a sufficient protective coating, excessive quantities of wax are required. This results in bulkiness, ease of flaking and increased cost due to increased wax consumption through an increase of dwell time in the fluid wax bath. Although this provides a better surface coating, it still does not overcome the deficiency of protecting the paper substrate from attack by lactic acid.
To overcome these problems, certain modifications were employed wherein the paper substrate was first treated with a sizing solution. One of the sizing solutions so employed was a polyvinyl alcohol. Although paper sized with this solution allowed a better wax coating to be applied with a decrease in wax consumption, the wax coated paper was still deficient in sulficiently protecting the paper substrate from attack by lactic acid.
Therefore, it is an object of this invention to provide a sizing composition which, when employed to size cellulosic paper that is subsequently coated with wax, improves the lactic acid resistance while minimizing the penetration of the wax into the cellulosic paper substrate.
Another object of this invention is to provide a sized cellulosic paper sheet having a wax coating thereon.
Still another object of this invention is to provide a sized cellulosic paper milk carton having a wax coating deposited on at least the interior surfaces thereof, which milk carton has improved lactic acid resistance.
The above and other objects of this invention are attained with a sizing composition consisting of 95-40 parts by weight of a styrene maleic anhydride copolymer and, correspondingly, 5-60 parts by weight of a polyvinyl alcohol. When sizing cellulosic paper with this composition and subsequently coating the sized cellulosic paper with a wax composition, the item is found to have increased resistance to lactic acid attack while minimizing the penetration of the wax into the paper substrate. This resistance .to wax penetration is commonly known in the trade as wax holdout. The overall effect obtained with the sizing solution of this invention is considerably greater than if either of the component parts were employed separately in a sizing solution. This effect is subsequently shown in the examples described hereafter.
Patented Mar. 29, 1966 As used herein, all parts or percentages are parts or percentages by Weight unless otherwise indicated.
EXAMPLE I This example illustrates one embodiment of the invention employed in the preparation of the polyvinyl alcoholstyrene maleic anhydride copolymer sizing solution. First, blend by hand-mixing dry polyvinyl alcohol and a dry styrene maleic anhydride copolymer in the proportion of 30 parts and 70 parts respectively. The polyvinyl alcohol employed in this example has a viscosity of about 45-55 centipoises as determined by the viscosity of a 4% water solution at 20 C. by means of the Hoeppler falling ball method. The styrene maleic anhydride copolymer employed herein has a specific viscosity of about 3 as determined by a 1% solution of the copolymer in cyclohexanone measured at 25 C. Both of these methods are a means of determining the molecular weight of the respective ingredients in terms of viscosity and specific viscosity respectively, and are the methods employed in the other examples.
To parts of water, slowly add 5 parts of the above dry blend while agitating so as to disperse the blend in water. Add ammonium hydroxide until the pH of 6.5-7.5 is obtained. Heat the mixture to -95 C., add 20 par-ts of water and hold at this temperature for approximately 30 minutes while agitating. A clear aqueous solution will result. Adjust the pH to 6.5-7.5 with ammonium hydroxide if necessary and cool the solution to room temperature.
The resulting sizing solution contains 5% solids and is subsequently identified as A.
EXAMPLE II Prepare an aqueous ammonium hydroxide sizing solution containing 5% of a styrene maleic anhydride copolymer by adding 5 parts of the copolymer, having a specific viscosity of about 3, to approximately parts of Water. Add ammonium hydroxide and adjust the pH to 6.5 to 7.5. Heat the mixture to about 90-95 C. and hold the mixture at this temperature, while agitating, for about 30 minutes. A clear solution will result. Adjust the pH to 6.5-7.5 with ammonium hydroxide if necessary, and cool to room temperature.
This resulting sizing solution is subsequently identified as B.
EXAMPLE III Prepare an aqueous sizing composition containing 5% of a polyvinyl alcohol, having a viscosity of about 45-55 centipoises, by adding 5 parts of the polyvinyl alcohol to about 95 parts of water. Heat the mixture to about 75-85 C. and hold at this temperature, while agitating, until a clear solution is obtained. Cool the solution to room temperature.
This resulting sizing solution is subsequently identified as C.
EXAMPLE IV Part A With the sizing solutions prepared in Examples IIII, separately treat strips (4" x 4") of 16 point cellulosic paperboard on each side thereof with each of the sizing solutions (2 strips per solution). Dry the strips in an air circulating oven for .5 minutes at C. Weigh all strips separately and immerse them in a petroleum wax at C. for 30 seconds, including two blank strips of the 16 point cellulosic paperboard which have not been treated with any of the sizing solutions. Drain oif the excess wax and cool to room temperature. Reweigh to determine total wax pickup which is subsequently recorded in Table I.
3 Part B With one sample of each of the specimens prepared in Part A, determine the amount of wax that has penetrated into the interstices of the treated cellulosic paperboard by scraping off the surface wax and reweighing the samples, which values are recorded in Table I.
Part C With the remaining samples as prepared in Part A, soak them in a 1% aqueous lactic acid solution for 48 hours at room temperature. Dry the samples between blotters to remove excess surface solution and reweigh to determine lactic acid pickup. Test the samples for wet stifiness on a Gurley R. D. Stiifness tester to determine the effect that lactic acid has on the rigidity of the samples.
Part D The results of Parts A, B and C are as follows with the blank untreated specimens being employed as a con- The results as described in Table I show that the sizing solution of this invention, Solution A, has increased the lactic acid resistance of the cellulosic paperboard substrate over that of the other sizing solutions as employed herein while still maintaining good wax holdout. The increase in resistance to lactic acid is particularly significant in the rigidity retention of the samples as determined by wet stiffness on a Gurley R. D. Stifi'ness tester. This measures the force in grams required to bend the sample, the greater the force required, the greater the rigidity. As noted in the table, a sample sized with sizing Solution A and then coated with wax has a rigidity of about 46% greater than a similar sample sized with Solution B, which solution contains only the styrene maleic anhydride copolymer. In comparison to the sample sized with Solution C, which contains only polyvinyl alcohol, an increase of about 63% is obtained. Also with a similar comparison of the untreated sample, an increase of about 150% is noted. Therefore, there is a substantial improvement in the lactic acid resistance in a sized cellulosic paper substrate having a wax coating thereon when employing the sizing solution of this invention.
This invention is directed to a cellulosic paper sizing composition selected from the group consisting of (a) 95-40 parts by Weight of a styrene maleic anhydride copolymer and, correspondingly, 5-60 parts by weight of a polyvinyl alcohol and (b) the ammonium, amine and alkali metal salts of (a). The styrene maleic anhydride copolymer employed in the practice of this invention has a specific viscosity of 2-5 and the polyvinyl alcohol has a viscosity of 40-60 centipoises at 20 C. These methods are used as a means of determining the molecular weight of the specific compounds employed herein in terms of specific viscosity and viscosity respectively, which methods are fully described in Example I.
By converting the composition to the ammonium, amine or alkali metal salt, the composition is rendered soluble in water to form an aqueous solution thereof. The solids content should be in the range of 1-20 weight percent and preferably 2-10 weight percent. This allows for ease or application of the sizing composition and insures uniform sizing of the cellulosic paper employed therewith. For best results, the pH of the sizing solution should be in the range of 5-9 and preferably 6-8.
Typical examples of the amines which may be employed in converting the sizing composition to the amine salt thereof are ethylamine, butylamine, propylamine, diethylamine, dipropylamine, dibutylamine, triethylamine, tripropylamine, tributylamine and mixtures thereof.
Typical examples of the alkali metal hydroxides which may be employed in converting the sizing composition to the alkali metal salt thereof are sodium, magnesium, potassium, calcium and mixtures thereof.
In the practice of this invention, the preferred embodiment is to employ an aqueous solution of the ammonium salt of the composition in sizing cellulosic paper.
The advantage of this invention is found in the ability of the sizing composition to render cellulosic paper, when sized and subsequently coated with a wax, highly resistant to lactic acid attack as compared to unsized cellulosic paper coated with a wax. Also the sized cellulosic paper has better wax holdout than unsized cellulosic paper thereby minimizing excessive consumption of wax. Cellulosic paperboard sized with the composition of this invention for example and coated with a wax is extremely useful in fabricating milk cartonsvsince the milk cartons retain good rigidity for sales appeal and handling when in contact with milk.
It will thus be seen that the objects set forth above, among those made apparent from the preceding description, are eificiently attained. Since certain changes may be made in the above-described processes and compositions without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, it is intended that all matters contained in the above description shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.
What is claimed is:
1. An aqueous solution having in admixture 1-20 weight percent of a cellulosic paper sizing composition selected from the group consisting of the ammonium, amine and alkali metal salts of 95-40 parts by weight of a styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer having a specific viscosity of 2-5 and correspondingly 5-60 parts by weight of a polyvinyl alcohol having a viscosity of 40-60 centipoises at 20 C.; said solution having a pH of 5-9.
2. A sizing composition as described in claim 1 wherein thecomposition consists of -50 parts by weight of a styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer and, correspondingly, 20-50 parts by weight of a polyvinyl alcohol.
3. An aqueous solution as described in claim 1 containing therein 2-10 weight percent of the cellulosic paper slzmg composition.
4. An aqueous solution as described in claim 1 containing therein the ammonium salt of the cellulosic paper sizing composition.
References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,609,350 9/1952 Spatt 26029.6 2,720,496 10/1955 Bushnell 26029.6 2,809,949 10/1957 Orth 260-29.6 2,984,585 5/1961 Sherman 1l776 2,999,765 9/1961 Boenau l1776 MURRAY TILLMAN, Primary Examiner.
RICHARD D. NEVIUS, Examiner.
R. HGWARD, 'W. J. BRIGGS, SR.,
Assistant Examiners.
Claims (1)
1. AN AQUEOUS SOLUTION HAVING IN ADMIXTURE 1-20 WEIGHT PERCENT OF A CELLULOSIC PAPER SIZING COMPOSITION SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF THE AMMONIUM, AMINE AND ALKALI METAL SALTS OF 95-40 PARTS BY WEIGHT OF A STYRENE-MALEIC ANHYDRIDE COPOLYMER HAVING A SPECIFIC VISCOSITY OF 2-5 AND CORRESPONDINGLY 5-60 PARTS BY WEIGHT OF A POLYVINYL ALCOHOL HAVING A VISCOSITY OF 40-60 CENTIPOISES AT 20*C.; SAID SOLUTION HAVING A PH OF 5-9.
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US113122A US3243398A (en) | 1961-05-29 | 1961-05-29 | Aqueous paper sizing composition containing styrene-maleic anhydride compolymer saltand polyvinyl alcohol |
US46338565 US3251709A (en) | 1961-05-29 | 1965-06-11 | Sized cellulosic paper |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US113122A US3243398A (en) | 1961-05-29 | 1961-05-29 | Aqueous paper sizing composition containing styrene-maleic anhydride compolymer saltand polyvinyl alcohol |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US3243398A true US3243398A (en) | 1966-03-29 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US113122A Expired - Lifetime US3243398A (en) | 1961-05-29 | 1961-05-29 | Aqueous paper sizing composition containing styrene-maleic anhydride compolymer saltand polyvinyl alcohol |
Country Status (1)
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US (1) | US3243398A (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3492254A (en) * | 1967-03-02 | 1970-01-27 | Sinclair Research Inc | Compositions comprising styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer ester and polyvinyl alcohol or cellulosic ether |
US3510542A (en) * | 1967-02-23 | 1970-05-05 | Sinclair Research Inc | Polyvinyl alcohol plasticized with an alkanol amine salt of a polyalkylene glycol - esterified styrene/maleic anhydride copolymer |
US4269256A (en) * | 1977-04-04 | 1981-05-26 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Process for preparing mold |
US4511682A (en) * | 1983-06-28 | 1985-04-16 | Union Carbide Corporation | Water-dispersible coating compositions and process |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2609350A (en) * | 1946-12-21 | 1952-09-02 | Gen Aniline & Film Corp | Textile finishing agent |
US2720496A (en) * | 1952-11-01 | 1955-10-11 | Armstrong Cork Co | Composition of matter comprising an aqueous dispersion of a plasticized mixture of high and lower molecular weight polyvinyl acetate |
US2809949A (en) * | 1954-06-28 | 1957-10-15 | American Potash & Chem Corp | Polyvinyl acetate aqueous dispersion containing a borate |
US2984585A (en) * | 1957-07-05 | 1961-05-16 | H P Smith Paper Co | Coated web with water vapor barrier resistance |
US2999765A (en) * | 1958-06-11 | 1961-09-12 | Socony Mobil Oil Co Inc | Coating for milk containers |
-
1961
- 1961-05-29 US US113122A patent/US3243398A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2609350A (en) * | 1946-12-21 | 1952-09-02 | Gen Aniline & Film Corp | Textile finishing agent |
US2720496A (en) * | 1952-11-01 | 1955-10-11 | Armstrong Cork Co | Composition of matter comprising an aqueous dispersion of a plasticized mixture of high and lower molecular weight polyvinyl acetate |
US2809949A (en) * | 1954-06-28 | 1957-10-15 | American Potash & Chem Corp | Polyvinyl acetate aqueous dispersion containing a borate |
US2984585A (en) * | 1957-07-05 | 1961-05-16 | H P Smith Paper Co | Coated web with water vapor barrier resistance |
US2999765A (en) * | 1958-06-11 | 1961-09-12 | Socony Mobil Oil Co Inc | Coating for milk containers |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3510542A (en) * | 1967-02-23 | 1970-05-05 | Sinclair Research Inc | Polyvinyl alcohol plasticized with an alkanol amine salt of a polyalkylene glycol - esterified styrene/maleic anhydride copolymer |
US3492254A (en) * | 1967-03-02 | 1970-01-27 | Sinclair Research Inc | Compositions comprising styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer ester and polyvinyl alcohol or cellulosic ether |
US4269256A (en) * | 1977-04-04 | 1981-05-26 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Process for preparing mold |
US4511682A (en) * | 1983-06-28 | 1985-04-16 | Union Carbide Corporation | Water-dispersible coating compositions and process |
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