US3220480A - Subsurface apparatus for operating well tools - Google Patents

Subsurface apparatus for operating well tools Download PDF

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US3220480A
US3220480A US87283A US8728361A US3220480A US 3220480 A US3220480 A US 3220480A US 87283 A US87283 A US 87283A US 8728361 A US8728361 A US 8728361A US 3220480 A US3220480 A US 3220480A
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cylinder
piston
head
rod portion
fluid
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US87283A
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William D Myers
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Baker Hughes Oilfield Operations LLC
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Baker Oil Tools Inc
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B23/00—Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing, or removing tools, packers or the like in the boreholes or wells
    • E21B23/06—Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing, or removing tools, packers or the like in the boreholes or wells for setting packers
    • E21B23/065—Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing, or removing tools, packers or the like in the boreholes or wells for setting packers setting tool actuated by explosion or gas generating means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to well bore apparatus, and more particularly to apparatus for operating tools in well bores, such as apparatus for setting bridge plugs and packers therewithin.
  • An object of the invention is to provide an apparatus adapted to be lowered through casing, tubing, or similar conduit strings, of relatively small diameter disposed in well bores and in operating or setting tools in such small diameter conduit strings.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide an improved apparatus adapted to be lowered in a well bore on a wire line and of applying force to a tool attached thereto sufficient to properly set or operate the tool in the well bore.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide an apparatus adapted to be lowered through fluid in a well bore and in which the hydrostatic head of the iluid is prevented from acting on the apparatus to effect its operation during lowering of the apparatus in the well bore to a desired operating point, but in which the hydrostatic head of fluid is utilized in assisting operation of the apparatus when desired.
  • FIGURES 1, 1a and lb together constitute a longitudinal section, with parts shown in side elevation, through a well apparatus in condition for lowering in a well casing, FIG. la constituting a lower continuation of FIG. 1, and FIG. 1b constituting a lower continuation of FIG. 1a;
  • FIGS. 2, 2a and 2b are views corresponding to FIGS. l, la and 1b illustrating the parts Vof the apparatus in another condition of operation, FIG. 2a, constituting a lower continuation of FIG. 2, and FIG'. 2b constituting a lower continuation of FIG. 2a.
  • An apparatus A is illustrated in the drawings as being lowered in a well bore, as through a string of well casing or tubing B, on a wire line or running-in string C, and is shown in connection with a bridge plug D that is to be set within the casing, tubing, or similar well conduit B. It is to be understood, however, that the apparatus A can be used for operating other equipment in t-he well bores than the one specifically illustrated.
  • the bridge plug or well packer D is of a known type and includes a body having a guide 11 at its lower end, there being a plug 12 in the lower end of the body for closing the passage 13 therethrough.
  • the bridge plug includes a set of upper segmental slips 14 releasably secured to an upper conical expander 15 by means of shear screws 16, the upper expander being releasably secured to the body 10 by shear screws 17, or the like.
  • :a lower set of slips 18 is provided, engaging the lower flange 19 of the body 10, these lower segice mental slips being held initially in retracted position by shear screws 20 attaching them to a lower expander 21, which, in turn, is releasably secured to the body 10 by shear screws 22.
  • a packing sleeve 23 made of rubber or rubber-like rnaterial -disposed initially in retracted position, but which is adapted to be shortened and expanded outwardly into sealing engagement with the wall of the well casing ⁇ or tubing B upon movement of the expanders relatively toward one another.
  • the packer body has a series of ratchet teeth 24 thereon adapted to coact with a suitable split lock ring 25 in the upper expander 15 to hold the packer anchored against the well casing, as described hereinbelow. As shown, the ratchet teeth 24 extend in a ⁇ downward direction to permit upward movement of the body 10 relative to the expander 15, but to preclude downward movement of the body relative to the upper expander.
  • This apparatus includes an outer cylinder 26 consisting of a cylinder sleeve 27, the upper end of which is threadedly secured to an upper head or connecting sleeve 28 which is, in turn, attached to the head 29 of a pressure chamber 30 in which a power charge 31, preferably of relatively slow burning combustible material, is secured that embodies its own source of oxygen.
  • the power charge is contained within a suitable receptacle 32 resting upon the upper en-d of the head 28, there being transverse grooves 33 across the upper end of the head to allow the gases produced by combustion of the power charge t-o pass around the exterior of the receptacle 32 and through the grooves 33 to t-he passage 34 of the head for action -on parts of the apparatus therebelow, in the manner described hereinafter.
  • the pressure head 29 is threadedly attached to a firing head 35 suitably secured, in a known manner, to the wire line C, which has a conductive core (not shown) and which extends to the top of the well bore.
  • the central electrically conductive portion of the wire line makes contact with the connector 36 within the firing head 35 mounted in an insulating sleeve 37 therewithin and bearing against a spring 38 within the sleeve which, in turn, bears against a ring pin 39 contacting an igniter 40 clamped between the firing head 35 and the pressure head 29.
  • This igniter has a filament (not shown) which becomes heated upon passage of current therethrough toA discharge the igniter, so that the flame emanating therefrom ignites the power charge 31, which will commence to burn away and generate a gas at an increasing pressure.
  • the ⁇ products ofv combustion are adapted to act onia' piston structure 50 ydisposed within the cylinder 26 for the purpose of moving the piston 50 relatively upwardly in the cylinder, and the cylinder relatively downwardly,v
  • the gases under pressure pass downwardly through the piston passage 45 and then outwardly through one or a plurality of lateral ports 46 extending through the piston below the piston head 41, entering the cylinder 26 below the piston head 41, and urging the latter in an upward direction.
  • the cylinder space 47 between the upper cylinder head 28 and piston head 41 and the piston tube 42 and cylinder sleeve 27 initially contains air at atmospheric pressure, and this space remains sealed so that tiuid in the well bore cannot enter it. Accordingly, the gas pressure acts on the ⁇ annular area of the piston head 41 between the periphery of the piston tube 42 and the inner wall of the cylinder sleeve 27, urging the piston 50 in an upward direction.
  • the piston 50 includes an extension 48 extending from its head 4-1 and which may be solid.
  • This piston extension slidably seals against a lower cylinder head 49 threadedly attached to the lower end of the cylinder sleeve 27. Leakage of iiuid between the piston extension 48 and the lower cylinder head 49 is prevented by a side seal ring 51 in the head engaging the periphery of the extension 48.
  • This extension projects into a dashpot device 52, including an outer housing or sleeve 53 threadedly attached to the lower cylinder sleeve or head 49, the extension being threadedly secured to a lower piston or mandrel 54 slidable along the wall of the dashpot housing 53.
  • the piston extension 48 has a diameter substantially less than the internal diameter of the housing 53, providing a cylinder space 55 therebetween and between the upper cylinder head 49 and the mandrel 54, which is filled with a suitable liquid L, such as oil, that will retard relative upward movement of the piston S within the cylinder 26.
  • a suitable liquid L such as oil
  • This oil L can flow at a relatively restricted rate through a port 56 in the lower end of the extension 48 communicating with a central passage 57 at its lower end, which, in turn, communicates with a passage 58 in the connecting mandrel 54 that has a lateral choke port or orifice 59 extending into the dashpot housing 53 below the upper head portion 60 of the connecting mandrel 54.
  • the head 60 of the connecting mandrel has a piston ring or side seal 61 mounted therein slidably sealing against the wall of the housing 53, the lower end of the latter Aalso having a seal ring 62 engaging the periphery of the mandrel 54 depending from its head 60 below the tone 59.
  • the mandrel head 60 is also moved upwardly in the dashpot housing 53, the coniining oil L being required to pass from the lhousing above the mandrel head 60 through. the port 56 and passages 57, 58, and through the choke orifice 59 into the housing 53 below the mandrel head 60. Since the orifice 59 has a relatively small area, substantial time will elapse for the oil to be transferred, thereby retarding the rate at which the piston 50 can move upwardly in the cylinder 26.
  • the lower end of the connecting mandrel 54 is threadedly attached to a hydrostatic head piston or booster piston 65, which is threadedly attached t0 the upper end of a tubular tension body 66 extending downwardly from the piston within an encircling setting sleeve 67, the upper end of which is threadedly attached to the dashpot housing 53, and the lower end of which is attached to a sleeve extension 68 engageable with the upper set of segmental slips 14 of the bridge plug D.
  • the tension body 66 is threadedly secured to a rod 69 connected to a sleeve 70 threaded into the upper end of the packer body 10.
  • connection between the rod 69 and sleeve 70 is Y a transverse -shear pin 71 adapted to be disrupted when a 'suiiicient force is imposed therewithin.
  • This pin has a substantially greater shear strength than the total force desired to expand the slips 14, 18 against the well casing or tubing B and the packing sleeve 23 against the casing or tubing B, so that the pin 71 is sheared only after the bridge plug D has been anchored in packed-off condition against the well casing for the purpose of then releasing the setting apparatus A from the bridge plug D.
  • the hydrostatic head of iiuid can act in an upward direction on the booster piston 65 and might tend to prematurely set the bridge plug A in the well casing. To preclude this action from happening, the hydrostatic head of uid is, at iirst, prevented"l from acting on the booster piston 65 over a differential area of the latter.
  • ther lower portion 72 of the booster piston is of a reduced diameter and is piloted within a lock sleeve 73 having as comparatively heavy cap screw or holding element 74 threaded in its solid lower end and extending through a; longitudinal slot 75 in the tension body and into an opening or recess 76 in the setting sleeve 67.
  • the lower portion 72 of the booster piston has a suitable side seal ringl 77 engaging the inner wall ofthe lock sleeve 73. Sincel the lower end 73a of the lock sleeve 73 is solid, the lock sleeve chamber 78 initially contains air at atmospheric pressure below the booster piston 72.
  • the hydrostatic head of fluid can then only engage the booster piston 65 and tend to urge the latter in an upward direction over an area between the inner surface 79 of the lock sleeve 73 and the inner surface 80 of the setting sleeve 67.
  • the same hydrostatic head of fluid can flow upwardly through the clearing space around the tension body 66 and into the setting sleeve 67 above the booster piston 65.
  • the diameter of the mandrel 54 below the dashpot housing 53 may be made substantially equal to the internal diameter of the lock sleeve 73.
  • the hydrostatic head of fluid will not tend to urge the booster piston 65, mandrel 54 and the piston 50 in the cylinder 26 in an upward direction, and cannot, therefore, urge the tension body 66, rod 69 and the packer tbody 1) in an upward direction, which might prematurely trip or set the bridge plug D during lowering of the apparatus through the fluid .in the tubular string.
  • the piston 50 is moved upwardly in the cylinder' 26, carrying the mandrel 54 and the booster piston 65 upwardly with it, the seal ring 77 on the piston moving upwardly out of the lock sleeve 73, thereby exposing the central area of the booster piston 72 to the action of the hydrostatic head of fluid, which will then assist in shifting the piston 65 and mandrel S4 in an upward direction, the hydrostatic head adding its setting force to the force of the gas generated within they cylinder 26 and acting upwardly on the piston 50.
  • the apparatus is run in the well bore, with its parts in the position illustrated in FIGS. 1, 1a and b, the parts of the bridge plug D being in their initial retracted positions, with the shear pin 71 attaching the setting apparatus A to the bridge plug.
  • the mandrel head 60 is in a lower position within the dashpot housing 53 and the piston head 41 is in a lower position within its cylinder 26.
  • the piston head then moves upwardly within the cylinder 26, or the cylinder moves relatively downwardly along the piston head 41, the relative upward movement being transmitted from the piston 50 to the mandrel 54, tubular body 66, rod 69 and shear pin 71 to the sleeve 70 and the body of the packer D, urging the body 10 in an upward direction.
  • the gas pressure is acting in a downward direction on the lower cylinder head 49, urging the cylinder 26 and the dashpot housing 53 and the setting sleeve 67, 68 in a downward direction against the upper slips 14.
  • the piston 50 will have relatively lifted the booster piston 65 at the lower end of the mandrel 54 out of the lock sleeve 73 so that the force acting upwardly on the piston head 41 is supplemented by the force attributable to the hydrostatic head of uid acting in an upward direction over the central area of the booster piston 65.
  • the piston 50 and mandrel 54 will continue to exert an upward force on the packer body 10, and when such force exceeds the strength of the shear screws 17 holding the upper expander 15 to the body 10, the screws are disrupted, whereupon the lower expander 21 is moved towards the upper expander 15, shortening the packing sleeve 23 and expanding it outwardly into sealing engagement with the wall of the well casing B and also urging it inwardly against the periphery of the packer body 10.
  • the cylinder 26 and piston 50 are moved relatively in opposite directions to expand the slips 14, 18 into firmer anchoring engagement with the wall of the well casing B, and the packing sleeve 23 into firmer sealing engagement with the well casing or tubing B and the body 410 of the packer D.
  • the pressure in the cylinder 26 will continue to increase until the shear strength of the pin 71 is exceeded, whereupon the latter is disrupted to release the setting apparatus A from the bridge plug D.
  • the setting ap. paratus A can now be elevated by means of the wire line C through the tubing or casing B and removed ⁇ completely therefrom, leaving the bridge plug D anchored in packed-oft" condition in the tubular string B.
  • a Substantial setting force is provided for firmly anchoring the bridge plug D in packed-off condition in the well casing or tubing B.
  • the hydrostatic head of fluid is ineffective in inadvertently and prematurely setting the bridge plug during its lowering through uid in the tubular string B, but such hydrostatic head of uid is still availed of to supplement the force imposed by the evolved gases on the lower side of the piston head 41 within the cylinder 26.
  • the piston 50 is not required to overcome hydrostatic head of fluid in the well casing B, since its low pressure side is only subject to air at atmospheric pressure in the cylinder 26, which pressure will only increase to a comparatively small and insignificant degree upon compression of the air in the cylinder, resulting from upward movement of the piston 50 therewithin.
  • the area of the booster piston 65 subject to the hydrostatic head during lowering of the apparatus through liquid in the tubing B may be made slightly greater on its upper side than on its underside, so that there is a slight area differential on which the hydrostatic head of fluid will act and tend to hold the mandrel 54 and the piston 50 in a downward direction in the cylinder 26, as positive assurance against premature tripping or setting of the bridge plug D.
  • the provision of the dashpot 52 and the manner in which it is provided in the apparatus insures against sudden shock loads being imposed on the apparatus, by precluding impacting between the several parts.
  • a cylinder adapted to be connected to a running-in string for lowering the apparatus in the well bore; a hollow piston moveable in said cylinder and including an actuating piston head and a rod portion extending from said head, said piston having a passage from its interior to the cylinder on the high pressure side of said head; said head and rod portion being in iluid tight engagement with said cylinder to provide a closed fluid tight space on the low pressure side of said head; releasable means preventing said piston from moving in said cylinder during lowering of said apparatus in the well bore; and means in said :cylinder providing a iiuid under pressure adapted to pass through said hollow piston and passage into the cylinder for moving said piston relatively in said cylinder.
  • a cylinder adapted to be connected to a running-in string for lowering the apparatus in the well bore; a hollow piston movable upwardly in said cylinder and including a lower piston head and a rod portion extending upwardly from said head, said piston having a passage from its interior to the cylinder below said head; said head and rod portion being in fluid tight engagement with said cylinder to provide a closed fluid tight space above saidV head; said piston having a lower portion extending downwardly from said cylinder; means initially preventing the hydrostatic head of fluid from acting on said lower portion; and means in said cylinder above said piston providing a duid under pressure adapted to pass through said hollow piston and passage into said cylinder for moving said piston relatively upwardly in said cylinder and to shift said lower portion from said preventing means to a position in which the hydrostatic head of fluid can act upon said lower portion and urge said piston upwardly in said cylinder.
  • a cylinder adapted to be connected to a running-in string for lowering the apparatus in the well bore and including spaced upper and lower heads and a sleeve between and secured to said heads, a piston in said cylinder including a head slidable along said sleeve, an upper rod portion slidable in said upper cylinder head, and a lower rod portion slidable in said ⁇ lower cylinder head and adapted to be subject to the hydrostatic head of fluid in the well bore tending to shift said piston upwardly in said cylinder, said piston having a passage therein extending from the upper end of said upper rod portion to said cylinder between said piston head ⁇ and lower cylinder head; said pis-ton head and upper rod portion being in uid tight engagement with said lcylinder sleeve and upper cylinder head, respectively, to provide -a closed tiuid tight space between said piston and cylinder above said piston head; means initially preventing the hydrostatic head
  • a cylinder adapted to be connected to a running-in string for lowering the apparatus in the well bore; a hollow piston movable in said cylinder and including an actuating piston head and a first rod portion extending in one direction from said head, said piston having a passage from its interior to the cylinder on the high pressure side of said head; said head and first rod portion being in uid tight engagement with said cylinder to provide a closed fluid tight space on the low pressure side of said head; means in said cylinder providing a iiuid under pressure adapted to pass through said hollow piston and passage into the cylinder for moving said piston relatively in said cylinder; a housing secured to said cylinder; said piston having a second rod portion extending in the opposite direction from said actuating head into said housing; a retarding piston head secured to said second rod portion and slidable in said housing; said housing being adapted to contain a liquid on one side of said retarding piston head; means providing a restricted passage from said housing
  • a cylinder adapted to be connected to a running-in string for lowering the apparatus in the well bore; a hollow piston movable upwardly in said cylinder and including an actuating piston head and an upper rod portion extending upwardly from said head, said piston having a passage from its interior to the cylinder below said head; said head and upper rod portion being in tluid tight engagement with said cylinder to provide a closed iiuid tight space above said head; means in said cylinder above said piston providing a iluid under pressure adapted to pass through said hollow piston and passage into said cylinder for moving said piston relatively upwardly in said cylinder; a housing below and secured to said cylinder; said piston having a lower rod portion extending from said actuating head into said housing; a retarding piston head secured to said lower rod portion and slidable in said housing; said housing being adapted to contain a liquid above said retarding piston head; means providing a restricted passage from said housing above said retardingk piston head;
  • a cylinder adapted to be connected to a running-in string for lowering the apparatus in the well bore and including spaced upper and lower heads and a sleeve between and secured to said heads; a piston in said cylinder including a head slidable along said sleeve, an upper rod portion slidable in said upper cylinder head, and a lower rod portion slidable in said lower cylinder head, said piston having a passage therein extending from the upper end of said upper rod portion to said cylinder between said piston head and lower cylinder head; said piston head and upper rod portion being in uid tight engagement with said cylinder sleeve and upper cylinder head, respectively, to provide a closed uid tight space between said piston and cylinder above said piston head; means in said cylinder above said piston providing a uid under pressure adapted to pass through said passage into said cylinder for moving said piston relatively upwardly in said cylinder; a housing below and secured to said lower
  • a cylinder for operating a well device in a well bore: a cylinder; means on said cylinder thor ⁇ connecting said cylinder to a running-in string for lowering the apparatus in the well bore; a hollow piston movable in said cylinder and including an actuating piston head and a rod portion extending from said head, said piston having a passage from its interior to the cylinder on thev high pressure side of said head; said head and rod portion being in iluid tight engagement with said cylinder to said cylinder.
  • a cylinder for connecting said cylinder to a running-in string for lowering the apparatus in the well bore; a hollow piston movable in said cylinder and including an actuating piston head and a rod portion extending from said head, said piston having a passage from its interior to the cylinder on the high pressure side of said head; said head and rod portion being in fluid tight engagement with said cylinder to provide a closed fluid tight space on the low pressure side of said head; and means including means passing into said hollow piston and passage providing fluid under pressure in said cylinder on the high pressure side of said head to move said piston relatively in said cylinder.
  • a cylinder for connecting said cylinder to a running-in lstring for lowering the apparatus in the well bore; a hollow piston movable upwardly in said cylinder and including a lower piston head and a rod portion extending upwardly from said head, said piston having a passage from its interior to the ycylinder below said head; said head and rod portion being in fluid tight engagement with said cylinder to provide a closed lluid tight space above said head; and means above said piston for directing iluid under pressure into said hollow piston and passage whereby said fluid under pressure moves said piston .relatively upwardly in said cylinder.
  • a cylinder for connecting said cylinder to a running-in string for lowering the apparatus in the well bore; a hollow piston movable upwardly in said cylinder and including a lower piston head and a rod portion extending upwardly from said head, said piston having a passage from its interior to the cylinder below said head; said head and rod portion being in fluid tight engagement with said cylinder to provide a closed uid tight space above said head; means providing fluid under pressure in said cylinder on the high pressure side of said head to move said piston relatively upwardly in said cylinder, said means including instrumentalities above said piston adapted to pass downwardly through said hollow piston and passage.
  • a cylinder for connecting said cylinder to a running-in string for lowering the apparatus in the well bore and including spaced upper and lower heads and a sleeve between and secured to said heads; a piston in said cylinder including a head slidable along said sleeve, an upper rod portion slidable in said upper cylinder head, and a lower rod portion slidable in said lower cylinder head, said piston having a passage therein extending from the upper end of said upper rod portion to said cylinder between said piston head and lower cylinder head; said piston head and upper rod portion being in uid tight engagement with said cylinder sleeve and upper cylinder head, respectively, to provide a closed fluid tight space between said piston and cylinder above said piston head; and means above said piston for directing fluid under pressure into said hollow piston and passage whereby said liuid under pressure moves said piston relatively upwardly in said cylinder.
  • a cylinder movable in said cylinder when subjected to fluid under pressure; said piston means including a member extending out of said cylinder and adapted to be subjected to the hydrostatic head of fluid in the well bore; means disposed in sealed relation to said member externally of said cylinder preventing the hydrostatic head of fluid from acting on said member; and means for directing fluid under pressure to said piston means to relatively move said piston means in said cylinder and to move said member with respect to said preventing means from sealed relation thereto to a position in which the hydrostatic head of fluid can act on said member.
  • a cylinder In apparatus for operating a well device in a Well bore: a cylinder; piston means movable in said cylinder when subjected to fluid under pressure; said piston means including a member extending out of said cylinder and adapted to be subjected to the hydrostatic head of fluid in the well bore; means encompassing said member in sealed relation thereto externally of said cylinder to prevent the hydrostatic head of lluid from acting on said member; and means for directing uid under pressure to said piston means to relatively move ysaid piston means in said cylinder and to remove said member from said encompassing means whereby the hydrostatic head of fluid can act on said member.
  • a cylinder In apparatus for operating a well device in a well bore: a cylinder; piston means movable relatively in one direction in said lcylinder when subjected to fluid under pressure; said piston means including a member extending out of said cylinder and adapted to be subjected to the hydrostatic head of fluid in the well bore and tending t0 move said piston means in said one direction; means disposed in sealed relation to said member externally of said cylinder preventing the hydrostatic head of iluid from acting on said member; and means for directing fluid under pressure to said piston means to relatively move said piston means in said cylinder and to move said member with respect to said preventing means from sealed relation thereto to a position in which the hydrostatic head offluid can act on said member.
  • a cylinder movable relatively in one direction in said cylinder when subjected to fluid under pressure; said piston means including a portion extending out of said cylinder and adapted to be subjected to the hydrostatic head of fluid in the well bore and tending to move said piston means in said one direction; means encompassing said portion in sealed relation to said portion externally of said cylinder to prevent the lhydrostatc head of fluid from acting on said portion; and means for directing uid under pressure to said piston means to relatively move said piston means in said cylinder and to remove said portion from said encompassing means whereby the hydrostatic head of fluid can act on said portion.
  • a cylinder In apparatus for operating a well device in a well bore: a cylinder; piston means movable relatively upwardly in said cylinder when subjected to fluid under pressure; said piston means including a portion extendout of said cylinder and adapted to be subjected to the hydrostatic head of fluid in the well bore and tending to move said piston means relatively upwardly in said cylinder; means disposed in sealed relation to said .portion externally of said cylinder preventing the hydrostatic head of fluid from acting on said portion; and means for directing fluid under pressure to said piston means to relatively move said piston means upwardly in said cylinder and to move said portion with respect to said preventing means from sealed relation thereto to a position in which the hydrostatic head of uid can act on said portion.
  • a cylinder movable relatively upwardly in said cylinder when subjected to fluid under pressure; said piston means including a portion extending out of said cylinder and adapted to be subjected to the hydrostatic head of fluid in the well bore and tending to move said piston means relatively upwardly in said cylinder; means encompassing said portion in sealed relation thereto externally of said cylinder to prevent the hydrostatic head of fluid from acting on said portion; and means for directing fluid under pressure to said piston means to relatively move said piston means upwardly in said cylinder and to remove said portion from said encompassing means whereby the hydrostatic head of fluid can act on said portion.
  • a cylinder adapted to be connected to a runningin string for lowering the apparatus in the well bore and including spaced upper and lower heads and a sleeve between and secured to said heads; a piston in said cylinder including a head slidable along said sleeve, an upper rod portion sildable in said upper cylinder head, and a lower rod portion slidable in said lower cylinder head, said piston having a passage therein extending from the upper end of said upper rod portion to said cylinder between said piston head and lower cylinder head; said piston head and upper rod portion being in fluid tight engagement with said cylinder sleeve and upper cylinder head, respectively, to provide a closed iuid tight space between said piston and cylinder above said piston head; said lower rod portion being adapted to be subjected to the hydrostatic head of Huid in the well bore tending to move said piston relatively upwardly in said cylinder; means encompassing said lower rod portion in sealed relation thereto
  • a cylinder adapted to be connected to a running-in string for lowering the apparatus in the well bore and including spaced upper and lower heads and a sleeve between and secured to said heads; a piston in Said cylinder including a head slidable along said sleeve, an upper rod portion slidable in said upper cylinder head, and a lower rod portion slidable in said lower cylinder head, said piston having a passage therein extending from the upper end of said upper rod portion to said cylinder between said piston head and lower cylinder head; said piston head and upper rod portion being in iluid tight engagement with said cylinder sleeve and upper cylinder head, respectively, to provide a closed fluid tight space between said piston and cylinder above said piston head; said lower rod portion being adapted to be subjected to the hydrostatic head of Huid in the well bore tending to move said piston relatively upwardly in said cylinder; means connected to said cylinder and encompassing said lower rod portion
  • a cylinder adapted to be connected to a runningin string for lowering the apparatus in the well bore and including spaced upper and lower heads and a sleeve between and secured to said heads; a .piston in said cylinder includ-ing a he-ad slidable along said sleeve, an upper rod portion slidable in said upper cylinder head, and a lower rod portion slidable in said lower cylinder head, ⁇ said piston lhaving a passa-ge therein extending from the upper end of said upper rod portion to said cylinder between said piston head and lower cylinder head; said piston head and upper rod portion being in fluid tight engagement with said cylinder sleeve and upper cylinder head, respectively, to provide a closed fluid tight space between said piston and cylinder above said piston head; said lower rod portion being adapted to be subjected to the hydrostatic head of fluid in the well bore tending to move said piston relatively upwardly in said cylinder

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Description

Nov. 30, 1965 w. D. MYERS 3,220,480
SUBSURFACE APPARATUS FOR OPERATING WELL TOOLS Filed Feb. 6. 1961 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 ITI/Go lao FI/6, 16,
WILL/mw MYERS Nov. 30, 1965 w. D. MYERS SUBSURFACE APPARATUS FOR OPERATING WELL TOOLS 2 sheets-shea 2 Filed Feb. 6, 1961 lf2/6. 3a. I, 25
iilm
INVENTOR. PWM/,QM D. MYEQS rOlQA/Ey.
United States Patent fornia Filed Feb. 6, 1961, Ser. No. 87,283 20 Claims. (Cl. 166-63) The present invention relates to well bore apparatus, and more particularly to apparatus for operating tools in well bores, such as apparatus for setting bridge plugs and packers therewithin.
An object of the invention is to provide an apparatus adapted to be lowered through casing, tubing, or similar conduit strings, of relatively small diameter disposed in well bores and in operating or setting tools in such small diameter conduit strings.
Another object of the invention is to provide an improved apparatus adapted to be lowered in a well bore on a wire line and of applying force to a tool attached thereto sufficient to properly set or operate the tool in the well bore.
A further object of the invention is to provide an apparatus adapted to be lowered through fluid in a well bore and in which the hydrostatic head of the iluid is prevented from acting on the apparatus to effect its operation during lowering of the apparatus in the well bore to a desired operating point, but in which the hydrostatic head of fluid is utilized in assisting operation of the apparatus when desired.
This invention possesses many other advantages, and has other objects which may be made more clearly apparent from a consideration of a form in which it may be embodied. This form is shown in the drawings accompanying and forming part of the present specification. It will now be described in detail, for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the invention; but it is to be understood that such detailed description is not to be taken in a limiting sense, since the scope of the invention is best deiined by the appended claims.
Referring to the drawings:
FIGURES 1, 1a and lb together constitute a longitudinal section, with parts shown in side elevation, through a well apparatus in condition for lowering in a well casing, FIG. la constituting a lower continuation of FIG. 1, and FIG. 1b constituting a lower continuation of FIG. 1a;
FIGS. 2, 2a and 2b are views corresponding to FIGS. l, la and 1b illustrating the parts Vof the apparatus in another condition of operation, FIG. 2a, constituting a lower continuation of FIG. 2, and FIG'. 2b constituting a lower continuation of FIG. 2a.
An apparatus A is illustrated in the drawings as being lowered in a well bore, as through a string of well casing or tubing B, on a wire line or running-in string C, and is shown in connection with a bridge plug D that is to be set within the casing, tubing, or similar well conduit B. It is to be understood, however, that the apparatus A can be used for operating other equipment in t-he well bores than the one specifically illustrated.
The bridge plug or well packer D is of a known type and includes a body having a guide 11 at its lower end, there being a plug 12 in the lower end of the body for closing the passage 13 therethrough. The bridge plug includes a set of upper segmental slips 14 releasably secured to an upper conical expander 15 by means of shear screws 16, the upper expander being releasably secured to the body 10 by shear screws 17, or the like. Similarly, :a lower set of slips 18 is provided, engaging the lower flange 19 of the body 10, these lower segice mental slips being held initially in retracted position by shear screws 20 attaching them to a lower expander 21, which, in turn, is releasably secured to the body 10 by shear screws 22. Between the expanders 15, 21 1s a packing sleeve 23 made of rubber or rubber-like rnaterial -disposed initially in retracted position, but which is adapted to be shortened and expanded outwardly into sealing engagement with the wall of the well casing `or tubing B upon movement of the expanders relatively toward one another. The packer body has a series of ratchet teeth 24 thereon adapted to coact with a suitable split lock ring 25 in the upper expander 15 to hold the packer anchored against the well casing, as described hereinbelow. As shown, the ratchet teeth 24 extend in a `downward direction to permit upward movement of the body 10 relative to the expander 15, but to preclude downward movement of the body relative to the upper expander.
In setting the bridge plug D in the well casing or tubing B, a downward force is imposed on the upper slips 14 and an upward force on the body 10 of the tool. Such downward and upward forces are applied to the bridge plug by means of the setting or operating apparatus A secured thereto. This apparatus includes an outer cylinder 26 consisting of a cylinder sleeve 27, the upper end of which is threadedly secured to an upper head or connecting sleeve 28 which is, in turn, attached to the head 29 of a pressure chamber 30 in which a power charge 31, preferably of relatively slow burning combustible material, is secured that embodies its own source of oxygen. The power charge is contained within a suitable receptacle 32 resting upon the upper en-d of the head 28, there being transverse grooves 33 across the upper end of the head to allow the gases produced by combustion of the power charge t-o pass around the exterior of the receptacle 32 and through the grooves 33 to t-he passage 34 of the head for action -on parts of the apparatus therebelow, in the manner described hereinafter.
The pressure head 29 is threadedly attached to a firing head 35 suitably secured, in a known manner, to the wire line C, which has a conductive core (not shown) and which extends to the top of the well bore. The central electrically conductive portion of the wire line makes contact with the connector 36 within the firing head 35 mounted in an insulating sleeve 37 therewithin and bearing against a spring 38 within the sleeve which, in turn, bears against a ring pin 39 contacting an igniter 40 clamped between the firing head 35 and the pressure head 29. This igniter has a filament (not shown) which becomes heated upon passage of current therethrough toA discharge the igniter, so that the flame emanating therefrom ignites the power charge 31, which will commence to burn away and generate a gas at an increasing pressure. States Patent No. 2,640,547, to which attentionv is directed.
The `products ofv combustion are adapted to act onia' piston structure 50 ydisposed within the cylinder 26 for the purpose of moving the piston 50 relatively upwardly in the cylinder, and the cylinder relatively downwardly,v
in order to set the bridge plug D or other tool connected to the apparatus A. As shown, an annular piston head Examples of power charges can be found in United.;
sealingly engaging the wall of the sleeve. The gases under pressure pass downwardly through the piston passage 45 and then outwardly through one or a plurality of lateral ports 46 extending through the piston below the piston head 41, entering the cylinder 26 below the piston head 41, and urging the latter in an upward direction. The cylinder space 47 between the upper cylinder head 28 and piston head 41 and the piston tube 42 and cylinder sleeve 27 initially contains air at atmospheric pressure, and this space remains sealed so that tiuid in the well bore cannot enter it. Accordingly, the gas pressure acts on the `annular area of the piston head 41 between the periphery of the piston tube 42 and the inner wall of the cylinder sleeve 27, urging the piston 50 in an upward direction.
The piston 50 includes an extension 48 extending from its head 4-1 and which may be solid. This piston extension slidably seals against a lower cylinder head 49 threadedly attached to the lower end of the cylinder sleeve 27. Leakage of iiuid between the piston extension 48 and the lower cylinder head 49 is prevented by a side seal ring 51 in the head engaging the periphery of the extension 48. This extension projects into a dashpot device 52, including an outer housing or sleeve 53 threadedly attached to the lower cylinder sleeve or head 49, the extension being threadedly secured to a lower piston or mandrel 54 slidable along the wall of the dashpot housing 53. The piston extension 48 has a diameter substantially less than the internal diameter of the housing 53, providing a cylinder space 55 therebetween and between the upper cylinder head 49 and the mandrel 54, which is filled with a suitable liquid L, such as oil, that will retard relative upward movement of the piston S within the cylinder 26. This oil L can flow at a relatively restricted rate through a port 56 in the lower end of the extension 48 communicating with a central passage 57 at its lower end, which, in turn, communicates with a passage 58 in the connecting mandrel 54 that has a lateral choke port or orifice 59 extending into the dashpot housing 53 below the upper head portion 60 of the connecting mandrel 54. The head 60 of the connecting mandrel has a piston ring or side seal 61 mounted therein slidably sealing against the wall of the housing 53, the lower end of the latter Aalso having a seal ring 62 engaging the periphery of the mandrel 54 depending from its head 60 below the orice 59.
Assuming the piston '50 to move upwardly in the cylinder 26, the mandrel head 60 is also moved upwardly in the dashpot housing 53, the coniining oil L being required to pass from the lhousing above the mandrel head 60 through. the port 56 and passages 57, 58, and through the choke orifice 59 into the housing 53 below the mandrel head 60. Since the orifice 59 has a relatively small area, substantial time will elapse for the oil to be transferred, thereby retarding the rate at which the piston 50 can move upwardly in the cylinder 26.
The lower end of the connecting mandrel 54 is threadedly attached to a hydrostatic head piston or booster piston 65, which is threadedly attached t0 the upper end of a tubular tension body 66 extending downwardly from the piston within an encircling setting sleeve 67, the upper end of which is threadedly attached to the dashpot housing 53, and the lower end of which is attached to a sleeve extension 68 engageable with the upper set of segmental slips 14 of the bridge plug D. The tension body 66 is threadedly secured to a rod 69 connected to a sleeve 70 threaded into the upper end of the packer body 10. The connection between the rod 69 and sleeve 70 is Y a transverse -shear pin 71 adapted to be disrupted when a 'suiiicient force is imposed therewithin. This pin has a substantially greater shear strength than the total force desired to expand the slips 14, 18 against the well casing or tubing B and the packing sleeve 23 against the casing or tubing B, so that the pin 71 is sheared only after the bridge plug D has been anchored in packed-off condition against the well casing for the purpose of then releasing the setting apparatus A from the bridge plug D.
During lowering of the apparatus through fluid in the tubing or casing string B, the hydrostatic head of iiuid. can act in an upward direction on the booster piston 65 and might tend to prematurely set the bridge plug A in the well casing. To preclude this action from happening, the hydrostatic head of uid is, at iirst, prevented"l from acting on the booster piston 65 over a differential area of the latter. In accomplishing this purpose, ther lower portion 72 of the booster piston is of a reduced diameter and is piloted within a lock sleeve 73 having as comparatively heavy cap screw or holding element 74 threaded in its solid lower end and extending through a; longitudinal slot 75 in the tension body and into an opening or recess 76 in the setting sleeve 67. The lower portion 72 of the booster piston has a suitable side seal ringl 77 engaging the inner wall ofthe lock sleeve 73. Sincel the lower end 73a of the lock sleeve 73 is solid, the lock sleeve chamber 78 initially contains air at atmospheric pressure below the booster piston 72. The hydrostatic head of fluid can then only engage the booster piston 65 and tend to urge the latter in an upward direction over an area between the inner surface 79 of the lock sleeve 73 and the inner surface 80 of the setting sleeve 67. However, the same hydrostatic head of fluid can flow upwardly through the clearing space around the tension body 66 and into the setting sleeve 67 above the booster piston 65. The diameter of the mandrel 54 below the dashpot housing 53 may be made substantially equal to the internal diameter of the lock sleeve 73. As a result, the hydrostatic head of iiuid is acting in a downward direction on the booster piston 65 over substantially the same area as it is acting in an upward direction over the booster piston. Accordingly, the hydrostatic head of fluid will not tend to urge the booster piston 65, mandrel 54 and the piston 50 in the cylinder 26 in an upward direction, and cannot, therefore, urge the tension body 66, rod 69 and the packer tbody 1) in an upward direction, which might prematurely trip or set the bridge plug D during lowering of the apparatus through the fluid .in the tubular string.
However, once the setting point in the well bore is reached and the power charge 31 ignited to generate fluidil pressure, the piston 50 is moved upwardly in the cylinder' 26, carrying the mandrel 54 and the booster piston 65 upwardly with it, the seal ring 77 on the piston moving upwardly out of the lock sleeve 73, thereby exposing the central area of the booster piston 72 to the action of the hydrostatic head of fluid, which will then assist in shifting the piston 65 and mandrel S4 in an upward direction, the hydrostatic head adding its setting force to the force of the gas generated within they cylinder 26 and acting upwardly on the piston 50.
The apparatus is run in the well bore, with its parts in the position illustrated in FIGS. 1, 1a and b, the parts of the bridge plug D being in their initial retracted positions, with the shear pin 71 attaching the setting apparatus A to the bridge plug. At this time, the mandrel head 60 is in a lower position within the dashpot housing 53 and the piston head 41 is in a lower position within its cylinder 26.
After the apparatus has been lowered in the well conduit B on the wire line C to the position at which the bridge plug D is to be anchored in the tubular string, a suitable current is sent down the wire line to discharge the igniter 40, the ame issuing therefrom acting upon the upper end of the power charge 31 and commencing its burning. The gases evolving from the power charge will then pass downwardly around the charge holder 32, flowing through the grooves 33 to the interior passage 34 of the cylinder head 28, and then through the hollow or tubular piston extension 42 and through the ports 46 into the cylinder 26 below the piston head 41. The piston head then moves upwardly within the cylinder 26, or the cylinder moves relatively downwardly along the piston head 41, the relative upward movement being transmitted from the piston 50 to the mandrel 54, tubular body 66, rod 69 and shear pin 71 to the sleeve 70 and the body of the packer D, urging the body 10 in an upward direction. At the same time, the gas pressure is acting in a downward direction on the lower cylinder head 49, urging the cylinder 26 and the dashpot housing 53 and the setting sleeve 67, 68 in a downward direction against the upper slips 14. When the pressure in the cylinder 26 reaches a value that exceeds the corresponding shear strength of t-he screws 16 holding the upper slips 14 to the upper expander 15, such screws are disrupted (since the screws 17 holding the upper expander 15 to the body 10 are stronger, which is also true of the screws 22, 20 holding the lower expander 21 andslips 18 in retracted position). The slips 14 are shifted by the sleeve 68 relatively downwardly along the upper expander 15 and outwardly into engagement with the well casing. At this time, the piston 50 will have relatively lifted the booster piston 65 at the lower end of the mandrel 54 out of the lock sleeve 73 so that the force acting upwardly on the piston head 41 is supplemented by the force attributable to the hydrostatic head of uid acting in an upward direction over the central area of the booster piston 65.
The piston 50 and mandrel 54 will continue to exert an upward force on the packer body 10, and when such force exceeds the strength of the shear screws 17 holding the upper expander 15 to the body 10, the screws are disrupted, whereupon the lower expander 21 is moved towards the upper expander 15, shortening the packing sleeve 23 and expanding it outwardly into sealing engagement with the wall of the well casing B and also urging it inwardly against the periphery of the packer body 10. The relative upward motion of the piston 50, mandrel 54 and packer body 10 continues until the shear strength of the screws 20 holding the lower slips 1S to the lower expander 21 and the lower expander to the body 10 are exceeded, such screws disrupting and the lower slips 18 then being shifted upwardly along the lower expander 21 and outwardly into engagement with the wall casings (FIGS. 2, 2a, 2b). As the pressure in the cylinder 26 continues to increase, due to the continued generation of gas resulting from burning of the power charge 31, the cylinder 26 and piston 50 are moved relatively in opposite directions to expand the slips 14, 18 into firmer anchoring engagement with the wall of the well casing B, and the packing sleeve 23 into firmer sealing engagement with the well casing or tubing B and the body 410 of the packer D.
The pressure in the cylinder 26 will continue to increase until the shear strength of the pin 71 is exceeded, whereupon the latter is disrupted to release the setting apparatus A from the bridge plug D. The setting ap. paratus A can now be elevated by means of the wire line C through the tubing or casing B and removed `completely therefrom, leaving the bridge plug D anchored in packed-oft" condition in the tubular string B.
For the piston 50 and mandrel structure 54 attached thereto to move relatively upwardly in the cylinder 26 and housing 53, in accomplishing the setting of the bridge plug D and release of the apparatus A from the bridge plug, in the manner described, it is necessary for the oil L in the housing 53 to be displaced from the upper side of the mandrel head or piston 60 to its lower side. Because of the restricted area of the orice 59, such dis-l placement can only occur at a relatively slow rate. Thus, the oil L must pass from the upper side of the mandrel head 60, through the passages 56, 57, 58, and through the orifice 59 to its lower side. As the several shear screws are disrupted, sudden expansion of the gas in the cylinder 26 is prevented, because of the retarding action of the oil L passing through the orifice 59. Similarly, the sudden relieving of the apparatus A of load, resulting from disruption of the shear pin 71 that disconnects the apparatus from the bridge plug D, does not impose any impact or shock loads on the system, since the piston 50 can only move relatively in the cylinder 26 at a comparatively slow rate, because of the necessity for the transfer of oil L from one side of the mandrel head 60 to its other side through the relatively `small orifice 59. Accordingly, the piston 50 cannot suddenly be shifted into hammering engagement with the upper cylinder head 2S, being brought relatively gradually upwardly within the cylinder 26, until it engages the head 28.
By virtue of the apparatus described, a Substantial setting force is provided for firmly anchoring the bridge plug D in packed-off condition in the well casing or tubing B. The hydrostatic head of fluid is ineffective in inadvertently and prematurely setting the bridge plug during its lowering through uid in the tubular string B, but such hydrostatic head of uid is still availed of to supplement the force imposed by the evolved gases on the lower side of the piston head 41 within the cylinder 26. The piston 50 is not required to overcome hydrostatic head of fluid in the well casing B, since its low pressure side is only subject to air at atmospheric pressure in the cylinder 26, which pressure will only increase to a comparatively small and insignificant degree upon compression of the air in the cylinder, resulting from upward movement of the piston 50 therewithin. If desired, the area of the booster piston 65 subject to the hydrostatic head during lowering of the apparatus through liquid in the tubing B may be made slightly greater on its upper side than on its underside, so that there is a slight area differential on which the hydrostatic head of fluid will act and tend to hold the mandrel 54 and the piston 50 in a downward direction in the cylinder 26, as positive assurance against premature tripping or setting of the bridge plug D. The provision of the dashpot 52 and the manner in which it is provided in the apparatus insures against sudden shock loads being imposed on the apparatus, by precluding impacting between the several parts.
I claim:
1. In apparatus for operating a well device in a well bore: a cylinder adapted to be connected to a running-in string for lowering the apparatus in the well bore; a hollow piston moveable in said cylinder and including an actuating piston head and a rod portion extending from said head, said piston having a passage from its interior to the cylinder on the high pressure side of said head; said head and rod portion being in iluid tight engagement with said cylinder to provide a closed fluid tight space on the low pressure side of said head; releasable means preventing said piston from moving in said cylinder during lowering of said apparatus in the well bore; and means in said :cylinder providing a iiuid under pressure adapted to pass through said hollow piston and passage into the cylinder for moving said piston relatively in said cylinder.
2. In apparatus for operating a well device in a well bore: a cylinder adapted to be connected to a running-in string for lowering the apparatus in the well bore; a hollow piston movable upwardly in said cylinder and including a lower piston head and a rod portion extending upwardly from said head, said piston having a passage from its interior to the cylinder below said head; said head and rod portion being in fluid tight engagement with said cylinder to provide a closed fluid tight space above saidV head; said piston having a lower portion extending downwardly from said cylinder; means initially preventing the hydrostatic head of fluid from acting on said lower portion; and means in said cylinder above said piston providing a duid under pressure adapted to pass through said hollow piston and passage into said cylinder for moving said piston relatively upwardly in said cylinder and to shift said lower portion from said preventing means to a position in which the hydrostatic head of fluid can act upon said lower portion and urge said piston upwardly in said cylinder.
3. In apparatus for operating a well device in a well bore: a cylinder adapted to be connected to a running-in string for lowering the apparatus in the well bore and including spaced upper and lower heads and a sleeve between and secured to said heads, a piston in said cylinder including a head slidable along said sleeve, an upper rod portion slidable in said upper cylinder head, and a lower rod portion slidable in said `lower cylinder head and adapted to be subject to the hydrostatic head of fluid in the well bore tending to shift said piston upwardly in said cylinder, said piston having a passage therein extending from the upper end of said upper rod portion to said cylinder between said piston head `and lower cylinder head; said pis-ton head and upper rod portion being in uid tight engagement with said lcylinder sleeve and upper cylinder head, respectively, to provide -a closed tiuid tight space between said piston and cylinder above said piston head; means initially preventing the hydrostatic head of uid from acting on said lower rod portion; and means in said cylinder above said piston providing a fluid under pressure adapted to pass through said passage into said cylinder for moving said piston relatively upwardly in said cylinder and to shift said lower rod portion from said preventing means to a position in which the hydrostatic head of fluid can act upon said lower rod portion and urge said piston upwardly of said cylinder.
4. In apparatus for operating a well device in a well bore: a cylinder adapted to be connected to a running-in string for lowering the apparatus in the well bore; a hollow piston movable in said cylinder and including an actuating piston head and a first rod portion extending in one direction from said head, said piston having a passage from its interior to the cylinder on the high pressure side of said head; said head and first rod portion being in uid tight engagement with said cylinder to provide a closed fluid tight space on the low pressure side of said head; means in said cylinder providing a iiuid under pressure adapted to pass through said hollow piston and passage into the cylinder for moving said piston relatively in said cylinder; a housing secured to said cylinder; said piston having a second rod portion extending in the opposite direction from said actuating head into said housing; a retarding piston head secured to said second rod portion and slidable in said housing; said housing being adapted to contain a liquid on one side of said retarding piston head; means providing a restricted passage from said housing on said one side of said retardng piston head to the other side thereof through which the liquid is forced by said retarding piston head during movement of said piston in said cylinder; a third rod portion secured to said retarding piston head and extending outwardly of in fluid tight relation to said housing, said third rod portion being adapted to be subject to the hydrostatic head of fluid in the well bore; means initially preventing the hydrostatic head of fluid from acting on said third rod portion; said third rod portion being shifted from said preventing means, upon movement of said piston in said cylinder, to a position in which the hydrostatic head of iiuid can act upon said third rod portion.
5. In apparatus for operating a well device in a well bore: a cylinder adapted to be connected to a running-in string for lowering the apparatus in the well bore; a hollow piston movable upwardly in said cylinder and including an actuating piston head and an upper rod portion extending upwardly from said head, said piston having a passage from its interior to the cylinder below said head; said head and upper rod portion being in tluid tight engagement with said cylinder to provide a closed iiuid tight space above said head; means in said cylinder above said piston providing a iluid under pressure adapted to pass through said hollow piston and passage into said cylinder for moving said piston relatively upwardly in said cylinder; a housing below and secured to said cylinder; said piston having a lower rod portion extending from said actuating head into said housing; a retarding piston head secured to said lower rod portion and slidable in said housing; said housing being adapted to contain a liquid above said retarding piston head; means providing a restricted passage from said housing above said retardingk piston head to a region below said retarding piston head through which the liquid is forced by said retarding piston head during relative upward movement of said piston in said cylinder; a third rod portion secured to said re- 10 tarding piston head and extending outwardly of in iluid tight relation to said housing, said third rod portion being adapted to be subject to the hydrostatic head of fluid in the well bore; means initially preventing the hydrostatic head of uid from acting on said third rod portion; said third rod portion being shifted from said preventing means, upon movement of said piston in said cylinder, to a position in which the hydrostatic head of uid can act upon said third rod portion.
6. In apparatus for operating a well device in a well bore: a cylinder adapted to be connected to a running-in string for lowering the apparatus in the well bore and including spaced upper and lower heads and a sleeve between and secured to said heads; a piston in said cylinder including a head slidable along said sleeve, an upper rod portion slidable in said upper cylinder head, and a lower rod portion slidable in said lower cylinder head, said piston having a passage therein extending from the upper end of said upper rod portion to said cylinder between said piston head and lower cylinder head; said piston head and upper rod portion being in uid tight engagement with said cylinder sleeve and upper cylinder head, respectively, to provide a closed uid tight space between said piston and cylinder above said piston head; means in said cylinder above said piston providing a uid under pressure adapted to pass through said passage into said cylinder for moving said piston relatively upwardly in said cylinder; a housing below and secured to said lower cylinder head and into which said lower rod portion extends; a retarding piston head secured to said lower rod portion and slidable in said housing; said housing being adapted to contain a liquid above said reta-rding piston head; means providing a restricted passage from said housing above said retarding piston head to a region below said retarding piston head through which the liquid is forced by said retarding piston head during relative.
upward movement of said piston in said cylinder; a third rod portion secured to said retarding piston head and extending outwardly of in iluid tight relation to said housing, said third rod portion being adapted to be subject to the hydrostatic head of fluid in the well bore;
means initially preventing the hydrostatic head of uid from acting on said third rod portion; said third rod portion being shifted from said preventing means, upon movement of said piston in said cylinder, to a position in which the hydrostatic head of fluid can act upon said third rod portion.
7. In apparatus for operating a well device in a well bore: a cylinder; means on said cylinder thor `connecting said cylinder to a running-in string for lowering the apparatus in the well bore; a hollow piston movable in said cylinder and including an actuating piston head and a rod portion extending from said head, said piston having a passage from its interior to the cylinder on thev high pressure side of said head; said head and rod portion being in iluid tight engagement with said cylinder to said cylinder.
8. In apparatus for operating a well device in a well bore: a cylinder; means on said cylinder for connecting said cylinder to a running-in string for lowering the apparatus in the well bore; a hollow piston movable in said cylinder and including an actuating piston head and a rod portion extending from said head, said piston having a passage from its interior to the cylinder on the high pressure side of said head; said head and rod portion being in fluid tight engagement with said cylinder to provide a closed fluid tight space on the low pressure side of said head; and means including means passing into said hollow piston and passage providing fluid under pressure in said cylinder on the high pressure side of said head to move said piston relatively in said cylinder.
9. In apparatus for operating a well device in a well bore: a cylinder; means on said cylinder for connecting said cylinder to a running-in lstring for lowering the apparatus in the well bore; a hollow piston movable upwardly in said cylinder and including a lower piston head and a rod portion extending upwardly from said head, said piston having a passage from its interior to the ycylinder below said head; said head and rod portion being in fluid tight engagement with said cylinder to provide a closed lluid tight space above said head; and means above said piston for directing iluid under pressure into said hollow piston and passage whereby said fluid under pressure moves said piston .relatively upwardly in said cylinder.
10. In apparatus for operating a well device in a well bore: a cylinder; means on said cylinder for connecting said cylinder to a running-in string for lowering the apparatus in the well bore; a hollow piston movable upwardly in said cylinder and including a lower piston head and a rod portion extending upwardly from said head, said piston having a passage from its interior to the cylinder below said head; said head and rod portion being in fluid tight engagement with said cylinder to provide a closed uid tight space above said head; means providing fluid under pressure in said cylinder on the high pressure side of said head to move said piston relatively upwardly in said cylinder, said means including instrumentalities above said piston adapted to pass downwardly through said hollow piston and passage.
11. In apparatus for operating a well device in a well bore: a cylinder; means on said cylinder for connecting said cylinder to a running-in string for lowering the apparatus in the well bore and including spaced upper and lower heads and a sleeve between and secured to said heads; a piston in said cylinder including a head slidable along said sleeve, an upper rod portion slidable in said upper cylinder head, and a lower rod portion slidable in said lower cylinder head, said piston having a passage therein extending from the upper end of said upper rod portion to said cylinder between said piston head and lower cylinder head; said piston head and upper rod portion being in uid tight engagement with said cylinder sleeve and upper cylinder head, respectively, to provide a closed fluid tight space between said piston and cylinder above said piston head; and means above said piston for directing fluid under pressure into said hollow piston and passage whereby said liuid under pressure moves said piston relatively upwardly in said cylinder.
12. In apparatus for operating a well device in a well bore: a cylinder; piston means movable in said cylinder when subjected to fluid under pressure; said piston means including a member extending out of said cylinder and adapted to be subjected to the hydrostatic head of fluid in the well bore; means disposed in sealed relation to said member externally of said cylinder preventing the hydrostatic head of fluid from acting on said member; and means for directing fluid under pressure to said piston means to relatively move said piston means in said cylinder and to move said member with respect to said preventing means from sealed relation thereto to a position in which the hydrostatic head of fluid can act on said member.
13. In apparatus for operating a well device in a Well bore: a cylinder; piston means movable in said cylinder when subjected to fluid under pressure; said piston means including a member extending out of said cylinder and adapted to be subjected to the hydrostatic head of fluid in the well bore; means encompassing said member in sealed relation thereto externally of said cylinder to prevent the hydrostatic head of lluid from acting on said member; and means for directing uid under pressure to said piston means to relatively move ysaid piston means in said cylinder and to remove said member from said encompassing means whereby the hydrostatic head of fluid can act on said member.
14. In apparatus for operating a well device in a well bore: a cylinder; piston means movable relatively in one direction in said lcylinder when subjected to fluid under pressure; said piston means including a member extending out of said cylinder and adapted to be subjected to the hydrostatic head of fluid in the well bore and tending t0 move said piston means in said one direction; means disposed in sealed relation to said member externally of said cylinder preventing the hydrostatic head of iluid from acting on said member; and means for directing fluid under pressure to said piston means to relatively move said piston means in said cylinder and to move said member with respect to said preventing means from sealed relation thereto to a position in which the hydrostatic head offluid can act on said member.
15. In apparatus for operating a well device in a well bore: a cylinder; piston means movable relatively in one direction in said cylinder when subjected to fluid under pressure; said piston means including a portion extending out of said cylinder and adapted to be subjected to the hydrostatic head of fluid in the well bore and tending to move said piston means in said one direction; means encompassing said portion in sealed relation to said portion externally of said cylinder to prevent the lhydrostatc head of fluid from acting on said portion; and means for directing uid under pressure to said piston means to relatively move said piston means in said cylinder and to remove said portion from said encompassing means whereby the hydrostatic head of fluid can act on said portion.
16. In apparatus for operating a well device in a well bore: a cylinder; piston means movable relatively upwardly in said cylinder when subjected to fluid under pressure; said piston means including a portion extendout of said cylinder and adapted to be subjected to the hydrostatic head of fluid in the well bore and tending to move said piston means relatively upwardly in said cylinder; means disposed in sealed relation to said .portion externally of said cylinder preventing the hydrostatic head of fluid from acting on said portion; and means for directing fluid under pressure to said piston means to relatively move said piston means upwardly in said cylinder and to move said portion with respect to said preventing means from sealed relation thereto to a position in which the hydrostatic head of uid can act on said portion.
17. In apparatus for operating a well device in a well bore: a cylinder; piston means movable relatively upwardly in said cylinder when subjected to fluid under pressure; said piston means including a portion extending out of said cylinder and adapted to be subjected to the hydrostatic head of fluid in the well bore and tending to move said piston means relatively upwardly in said cylinder; means encompassing said portion in sealed relation thereto externally of said cylinder to prevent the hydrostatic head of fluid from acting on said portion; and means for directing fluid under pressure to said piston means to relatively move said piston means upwardly in said cylinder and to remove said portion from said encompassing means whereby the hydrostatic head of fluid can act on said portion.
18. In apparatus for operatng a well device in a well bore: a cylinder adapted to be connected to a runningin string for lowering the apparatus in the well bore and including spaced upper and lower heads and a sleeve between and secured to said heads; a piston in said cylinder including a head slidable along said sleeve, an upper rod portion sildable in said upper cylinder head, and a lower rod portion slidable in said lower cylinder head, said piston having a passage therein extending from the upper end of said upper rod portion to said cylinder between said piston head and lower cylinder head; said piston head and upper rod portion being in fluid tight engagement with said cylinder sleeve and upper cylinder head, respectively, to provide a closed iuid tight space between said piston and cylinder above said piston head; said lower rod portion being adapted to be subjected to the hydrostatic head of Huid in the well bore tending to move said piston relatively upwardly in said cylinder; means encompassing said lower rod portion in sealed relation thereto to prevent the hydrostatic head of lluid from acting thereon; and means in said cylinder above said piston providing a liuid under pressure adapted to pass through said passage into said cylinder for moving said piston relatively upwardly in said cylinder and to remove said lower rod portion from said encompassing means whereby the hydrostatic head of fluid can act on said portion.
19. In apparatus for operating a well device in a well bore: a cylinder adapted to be connected to a running-in string for lowering the apparatus in the well bore and including spaced upper and lower heads and a sleeve between and secured to said heads; a piston in Said cylinder including a head slidable along said sleeve, an upper rod portion slidable in said upper cylinder head, and a lower rod portion slidable in said lower cylinder head, said piston having a passage therein extending from the upper end of said upper rod portion to said cylinder between said piston head and lower cylinder head; said piston head and upper rod portion being in iluid tight engagement with said cylinder sleeve and upper cylinder head, respectively, to provide a closed fluid tight space between said piston and cylinder above said piston head; said lower rod portion being adapted to be subjected to the hydrostatic head of Huid in the well bore tending to move said piston relatively upwardly in said cylinder; means connected to said cylinder and encompassing said lower rod portion in sealed relation thereto to prevent the hydrostatic head of iluid from acting on said lower rod portion; and means in said lcylinder above said piston providing a lluid under pressure adapted to pass through said passage int-o said cylinder for moving said piston relatively upwardly in said cylinder and to remove said lower rod portion from said encompassing means whereby the hydrostatic head of fluid can act on said lower rod portion.
20. In apparatus for operating a well device in a well bore: a cylinder adapted to be connected to a runningin string for lowering the apparatus in the well bore and including spaced upper and lower heads and a sleeve between and secured to said heads; a .piston in said cylinder includ-ing a he-ad slidable along said sleeve, an upper rod portion slidable in said upper cylinder head, and a lower rod portion slidable in said lower cylinder head, `said piston lhaving a passa-ge therein extending from the upper end of said upper rod portion to said cylinder between said piston head and lower cylinder head; said piston head and upper rod portion being in fluid tight engagement with said cylinder sleeve and upper cylinder head, respectively, to provide a closed fluid tight space between said piston and cylinder above said piston head; said lower rod portion being adapted to be subjected to the hydrostatic head of fluid in the well bore tending to move said piston relatively upwardly in said cylinder; a sleeve receiving said lower rod portion in leak-proof relation and being closed below said lower rod portion to prevent t-he hydrostatic head of uid from acting on said lower rod portion; means attaching said sleeve to said cylinder; and means in said cylinder above said piston providing a fluid under pressure adapted to pass through said passage into said cylinder for moving said piston relatively upwardly in said cylinder and to remove said lower rod portion from said sleeve whereby the hydrostatic head of fluid can act on said lower rod portion.
References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,747,398 2/1930 Short 166-63 2,279,676 4/1942 Hart 166-63 2,308,004 1/1953 Hart 166-63 2,326,404 8/1943 Spangler 166-63 2,537,413 1/1952 Lawrence 166-98 2,595,014 4/1952 Smith et al 166-98 2,692,023 10/1954 Conrad 166-63 2,807,325 9/1957 Webb 166-63 2,829,716 4/1958' Stewart 166-98 2,978,028 4/1961 Webb 166--63 3,029,873 4/1962 Hanes l66-l35 X 3,079,997 3/1963 Blydorp 166-135 X 3,160,209l 12/1964 Bonner 166-63 CHARLES E. OCONNELL, Primary Examiner.
BENJAMIN BENDETT, Examiner.

Claims (1)

  1. 7. IN APPARATUS FOR OPERATING A WELL DEVICE IN A WELL BORE: A CYLINDER; MEANS ON SAID CYLINDER FOR CONNECTING SAID CYLINDER TO A RUNNING-IN STRING FOR LOWERING THE APPARATUS IN THE WELL BORE; A HOLLOW PISTON MOVABLE IN SAID CYLINDER AND INCLUDING AN ACTUATING PISTON HEAD AND A ROD PORTION EXTENDING FROM SAID HEAD, SAID PISTON HAVING A PASSAGE FROM ITS INTERIOR TO THE CYLINDER ON THE HIGH PRESSURE SIDE OF SAID HEAD; SAID HEAD AND ROD PORTION BEING IN FLUID TIGHT ENGAGEMENT WITH SAID CYLINDER TO PROVIDE A CLOSED FLUID TIGHT SPACE ON THE LOW PRESSURE SIDE OF SAID HEAD; AND MEANS FOR DIRECTING FLUID UNDER PRESSURE INTO SAID HOLLOW PISTON AND PASSAGE WHEREBY SAID FLUID UNDER PRESSURE MOVES SAID PISTON RELATIVELY IN SAID CYLINDER.
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Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3298437A (en) * 1964-08-19 1967-01-17 Martin B Conrad Actuator device for well tool
US3414058A (en) * 1965-05-18 1968-12-03 Baker Oil Tools Inc Well bore packer
US3420304A (en) * 1965-11-24 1969-01-07 Dresser Ind Bridging tool
US3712376A (en) * 1971-07-26 1973-01-23 Gearhart Owen Industries Conduit liner for wellbore and method and apparatus for setting same
US3726343A (en) * 1971-06-24 1973-04-10 P Davis Apparatus and method for running a well screen and packer and gravel packing around the well screen
US20080308282A1 (en) * 2007-06-13 2008-12-18 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Hydraulic coiled tubing retrievable bridge plug
WO2016161379A1 (en) 2015-04-02 2016-10-06 Hunting Titan, Inc. Opposing piston setting tool
US9890604B2 (en) * 2014-04-04 2018-02-13 Owen Oil Tools Lp Devices and related methods for actuating wellbore tools with a pressurized gas
WO2020244895A1 (en) * 2019-05-14 2020-12-10 DynaEnergetics Europe GmbH A single use setting tool for actuating a tool in a wellbore
USD922541S1 (en) 2020-03-31 2021-06-15 DynaEnergetics Europe GmbH Alignment sub
US11204224B2 (en) 2019-05-29 2021-12-21 DynaEnergetics Europe GmbH Reverse burn power charge for a wellbore tool
US11255147B2 (en) 2019-05-14 2022-02-22 DynaEnergetics Europe GmbH Single use setting tool for actuating a tool in a wellbore
US11408279B2 (en) 2018-08-21 2022-08-09 DynaEnergetics Europe GmbH System and method for navigating a wellbore and determining location in a wellbore
US11434713B2 (en) 2018-05-31 2022-09-06 DynaEnergetics Europe GmbH Wellhead launcher system and method
US20220397010A1 (en) * 2021-06-10 2022-12-15 G&H Diversified Manufacturing Lp Downhole setting tool with exhaust diffuser
US11578549B2 (en) 2019-05-14 2023-02-14 DynaEnergetics Europe GmbH Single use setting tool for actuating a tool in a wellbore
US11753889B1 (en) 2022-07-13 2023-09-12 DynaEnergetics Europe GmbH Gas driven wireline release tool
US11808093B2 (en) 2018-07-17 2023-11-07 DynaEnergetics Europe GmbH Oriented perforating system
US11946728B2 (en) 2019-12-10 2024-04-02 DynaEnergetics Europe GmbH Initiator head with circuit board

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US2978028A (en) * 1957-12-31 1961-04-04 Houston Engineers Inc Well packer setting device
US3029873A (en) * 1957-07-22 1962-04-17 Aerojet General Co Combination bridging plug and combustion chamber
US3079997A (en) * 1959-08-31 1963-03-05 Halliburton Co Well bore plugging apparatus
US3160209A (en) * 1961-12-20 1964-12-08 James W Bonner Well apparatus setting tool

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1747398A (en) * 1928-04-19 1930-02-18 Posey R Short Well cleaner
US2279676A (en) * 1941-01-10 1942-04-14 Lane Wells Co Hydrostatically operated setting tool
US2308004A (en) * 1941-01-10 1943-01-12 Lane Wells Co Setting tool for bridging plugs
US2326404A (en) * 1941-03-15 1943-08-10 Lane Wells Co Setting tool for bridging plugs
US2537413A (en) * 1946-11-23 1951-01-09 Richard R Lawrence Pulling tool
US2692023A (en) * 1949-09-26 1954-10-19 Baker Oil Tools Inc Pressure operated subsurface well apparatus
US2595014A (en) * 1949-11-28 1952-04-29 Lester W Smith Hydrostatic pulling tool for wells
US2829716A (en) * 1954-07-21 1958-04-08 Exxon Research Engineering Co Wire line hydraulic pulling tool
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US3029873A (en) * 1957-07-22 1962-04-17 Aerojet General Co Combination bridging plug and combustion chamber
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Cited By (26)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3298437A (en) * 1964-08-19 1967-01-17 Martin B Conrad Actuator device for well tool
US3414058A (en) * 1965-05-18 1968-12-03 Baker Oil Tools Inc Well bore packer
US3420304A (en) * 1965-11-24 1969-01-07 Dresser Ind Bridging tool
US3726343A (en) * 1971-06-24 1973-04-10 P Davis Apparatus and method for running a well screen and packer and gravel packing around the well screen
US3712376A (en) * 1971-07-26 1973-01-23 Gearhart Owen Industries Conduit liner for wellbore and method and apparatus for setting same
US20080308282A1 (en) * 2007-06-13 2008-12-18 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Hydraulic coiled tubing retrievable bridge plug
US7673693B2 (en) * 2007-06-13 2010-03-09 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Hydraulic coiled tubing retrievable bridge plug
EP2003286A3 (en) * 2007-06-13 2013-07-10 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Hydraulic coiled tubing retrievable bridge plug
US9890604B2 (en) * 2014-04-04 2018-02-13 Owen Oil Tools Lp Devices and related methods for actuating wellbore tools with a pressurized gas
US10767430B2 (en) 2015-04-02 2020-09-08 Hunting Titan, Inc. Opposing piston setting tool
US10538981B2 (en) 2015-04-02 2020-01-21 Hunting Titan, Inc. Opposing piston setting tool
WO2016161379A1 (en) 2015-04-02 2016-10-06 Hunting Titan, Inc. Opposing piston setting tool
EP3277913A4 (en) * 2015-04-02 2019-04-10 Hunting Titan Inc. Opposing piston setting tool
US11434713B2 (en) 2018-05-31 2022-09-06 DynaEnergetics Europe GmbH Wellhead launcher system and method
US11808093B2 (en) 2018-07-17 2023-11-07 DynaEnergetics Europe GmbH Oriented perforating system
US11408279B2 (en) 2018-08-21 2022-08-09 DynaEnergetics Europe GmbH System and method for navigating a wellbore and determining location in a wellbore
US10927627B2 (en) 2019-05-14 2021-02-23 DynaEnergetics Europe GmbH Single use setting tool for actuating a tool in a wellbore
US11255147B2 (en) 2019-05-14 2022-02-22 DynaEnergetics Europe GmbH Single use setting tool for actuating a tool in a wellbore
US11578549B2 (en) 2019-05-14 2023-02-14 DynaEnergetics Europe GmbH Single use setting tool for actuating a tool in a wellbore
WO2020244895A1 (en) * 2019-05-14 2020-12-10 DynaEnergetics Europe GmbH A single use setting tool for actuating a tool in a wellbore
US11204224B2 (en) 2019-05-29 2021-12-21 DynaEnergetics Europe GmbH Reverse burn power charge for a wellbore tool
US11946728B2 (en) 2019-12-10 2024-04-02 DynaEnergetics Europe GmbH Initiator head with circuit board
USD922541S1 (en) 2020-03-31 2021-06-15 DynaEnergetics Europe GmbH Alignment sub
US20220397010A1 (en) * 2021-06-10 2022-12-15 G&H Diversified Manufacturing Lp Downhole setting tool with exhaust diffuser
US11905776B2 (en) * 2021-06-10 2024-02-20 G&H Diversified Manufacturing Lp Downhole setting tool with exhaust diffuser
US11753889B1 (en) 2022-07-13 2023-09-12 DynaEnergetics Europe GmbH Gas driven wireline release tool

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