US3187990A - Electromagnetically maintained oscillating movement compressor - Google Patents

Description

June 8, 1965 I A. CHAUSSON 3, ELECTROMAGNETICALLY MAINTAINED OSCILLATING MOVEMENT COMPRESSOR 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Dec. 15, 1960 I NVENTOR ANDRE HAussoN A t67s.

June 8, 1965 A. CHAUSSON 3,187,990

ELECTROMAGNETICALLY MAINTAINED OSCILLATING MOVEMENT COMPRESSOR Filed Dec. 15, 1960 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 I NVENT R ANDRE dl-lAussoN June 8, 1965 A. CHAUSSON 3,187,990 ELECTROMAGNETICALLY MAINTAINED OSCILLATING MOVEMENT COMPRESSOR Filed Dec. 15, 1960 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR ANDRE CHAuss'oN United States Patent 3,1873% ELECIRQMAGNETICALLY MAINTAINED GS" UILLATENG IVKGVEMENT fiflhiPREd flTi Andr Chausscn, Asnieres, France, assignor to Soeiete Anonyme ties Usines Qhausson, Asnieres, France, a

company of France Filed Dec. 15, 196%, Ser. No. 7%,tl67 Claims priority, application France, Dec. 16, I959, 813,207, Patent 1,252,149 3 Claims. (Ql. ass-55 This invention relates to an electromagnetically maintained oscillating compressor, of the kind in which the driving and driven members are intimately connected and displaced in a relative alternating movement in synchronism with the frequency of a feed current. The invention seeks to create a new compressor, particularly simple and strongly made, utilizing, as driving member, whose oscillating movement is maintained by an electromagnetic circuit, at least one torsion bar Whose resilient characteristics and stability can be easily guaranteed.

In accordance with the invention, the compressor comprises at least one torsion bar rotatively guided by a support of at least one electromagnetic circuit causing the displacement of at least one armature integral with a mobile assembly keyed on to the torsion bar which is moreover embedded in the support, the mobile assembly driving at least one piston that can move in a cylinder.

Various other characteristics of the invention will moreover be revealed by the detailed description which follows.

One form of embodimentof the purpose of the invention is shown by way of example in the attached drawmgs.

FIGURE 1 is a longitudinal section, taken along the line II of FIGURE 2 or" the compressor according to the invention.

FIGURE 2 is a front elevation, partly cut away, taken along the line IIII of FIGURE 1.

FIGURE 3 is a section taken along the line III-III of FIGURE 2.

FIGURE 4 is a partial section taken along the line IVIV of FIGURE 2.

FIGURE 5 is a partial section similar to FIGURE 1 of an alternative embodiment of one of the elements forming the compressor.

The compressor itself is suspended by means of resilient members I, in a bell 2 hermetically closed by a lid 3. The fluid to be compressed, for example a coolant fluid, is brought towards an inlet pipe 4 with a fluidtight attachment to the bell, for the sole purpose of keeping the latter constantly filled with this fluid. Moreover, the bell is supplied outside with holding lugs 5, and inside, with a resilient abutment 6 (FIGURES 2 and 4) penetrating into an aperture 7 in said compressor, this abutment being intended to limit the displacement of the latter during its transport.

The compressor itself comprises a mobile assembly 8, connected by a resilient member 9 setting up an oscillating movement of said assembly, to a support 19 of cast metal alloy having a general U shape, between whose lateral branches 11 and 12, the mobile assembly 8 is placed. These lateral branches are connected at the rear by a crossbar 13 so as to afford a very rigid support. The branches 11 and 12 are moreover prolonged above the crossbar 13 by plain bearings 14 and 15 for guiding a rigid tube 16, intended integrally to transmit the aggregate angular deformation of the resilient member 9 to the mobile assembly 8. To this end, the latter is surmounted by a part 17 forming a collar for tightening the tube 16.

According to one form of embodiment (FIGURE 1) of this collar, a slot 18 is radially cut in the part 17 for 3,187,99b patented June 8, 1965 delimiting two lips 19 and 2t) able to be brought together by means of a bolt 21, by the resilient deformation of said part 17 in order to lock the latter by tightening it on the tube 16 which it surrounds,

According to another form of embodiment of this collar (FIGURE 5), a cylindrical hole 22 is drilled in the part 17 of the mobile assembly, at right angle with respect to a bore 23 of passage of the tube 16 so as only partly to emerge in this bore. The cylindrical head of a bolt 24 and a ring 25 are engaged in a hole 22, and by tightening the bolt 24, this tends strongly to press chamiers 26 made in the head and ring, against the tube 16 and thus to make the part 17 integral with the latter.

The bearings l4 and 15 of the support 10 must be lubricated so as to prevent abnormal friction and risks of seizing. The end of the tube 16 corresponding to the bearing 14 is prolonged by an enlarged portion 27 into which is journalcd a torsion bar 28 forming the resilient member 9. The free end of this bar is also journaled in a boss 29 projecting on the plain bearing 15. The torsion bar 23 is placed inside and coaxially to the tube 16. The housings of this torsion bar in the boss 29 of the support, considered as fixed, and in the enlarged portion 27 of the tube 16, integral with the mobile assembly 8, can be eitected by tightening nuts 39 which press jaw cones 31, prolonging the torsion bar 23, into tapered bores 32 made in said bosses 29 and enlarged portion 27.

It will be seen that the tube 16 forms a connecting link transmitting the total angular resilient deformation of the torsion bar 28 to the mobile assembly 8. In this manner, the length of the torsion bar can be chosen for a given angular amplitude of this assembly, so that its deformation is always in the resilient field.

The mobile assembly 8 is obtained by casting a nonmagnetic metal alloy embracing two permanent magnets 33 and 34 provided with their polar parts 33a and 33b, 34a and 3417 respectively (FIGURE 3). These magnets, formed by a rectilinear bar, are so placed that the polarities appearing on the corresponding polar parts 33a and 34a or 33b and 3 5!) are opposed. The magnets are moreover parallel and equidistant from the torsion bar 28.

Furthermore, bosses 35 and 36 are formed projecting on each branch 11 and 12 of the support it), so as to enable the iixing, by means of bolts 39, of the magnetic circuits 37 and 33 respectively that these branches surround. Each circuit 37 and 38 formed by a stack of magnetic metal laminations, is of M-shape whose median leg 37 or 38 is surrounded by an induction coil 4% or 4-1. The polar parts 33a to 34b of the permanent magnets 33 and 3d are placed, when the mobile assembly 3 is at rest, between the median legs 37,, 38 and the end legs 37 and 3'7 33 and 38 of the magnetic circuits 37 and 3-8 respectively. The airgap existing between the polar parts and magnetic circuits is reduced to a minimum for diminishing the magnetic losses to a maximum, and with the same purpose, these polar parts have a width alightly exceeding the distance separating two contiguous legs of these magnetic circuits.

The free end 42 of the mobile assembly 3 is made integral, by all suitable means, with the rod 43 of a piston 4-4 formed by a cupola of resilient material. For example, this rod 43 is extended by a threaded stem 45 which penetrates into the end 42, and is then locked against the latter by a nut 46.

Additional masses such as washers 47 are placed on the mobile assembly 8, so that the natural frequency of the unit formed by the latter completely equipped and by the resilient member 9 are slightly less than the frequency of the feed current of the induction coils 4i and 41.

The cupola d4 of resilient material is placed in a toric cylinder 43 whose directive curvature radius is that of the circular trajectory made by said cupola, when the mobile assembly 8 is in movement. This toric cylinder is bored in a cast part 49, of which part Sti, of cylindrical shape, is engaged in a hole 51, drilled in the lower median part 52 of the support 10, then fixed on the latter by means of a clamp 53 and screw 54. The cupola 44 of resilient material forms not only a piston but also an inlet valve for the coolant fluid into the cylinder 48. The latter must normally be closed, during the suction stroke, by a discharge valve (not shown), which can be formed, for example, by a cupola of resilient material similar to that of which the piston is made.

The cylinder 48 emerges, at one of its ends, into the bell 2 containing the coolant fluid to be compressed, and at it other end, into a chamber 55 for collecting the compressed fluid, this chamber being delimited by a cylinder head 56 of cast alloy which is fixed, by any suitable means, onto the part 49.

57 denotes a fluid-tight joint interposed between the cylinder head 56 and the part 49, the link between the latter and the support 52 not requiring this. The chamber is connected by piping 58, placed inside the bell, to a discharge tube 59 integral with the latter and intended to be branched into the high pressure circuit of a refrigerating unit, for example.

The compressor works in the following manner:

The coils 4t and il. are so wound that when fed with alternating current, they induce, in the circuits 37 and 38 respectively, an alternating magnetic field causing opposed polarities to appear on the ends of the legs, placed facing these circuits. By way of example, during a semiperiod of feed current, if a south polarity appears on the median leg 37 and then a north polarity on the end legs 37 and 37 f the magnetic circuit 37, a north polarity appears on the median leg 38 and a south polarity on the end legs 33 38 of the magnetic circuit 33.

It is well known that poles of the ame polarity are repulsed one from the other and that poles of different polarity attract each other, and consequently, during the half-period considered of the feed current of the coils 4d and 41, the mobile assembly 8 tends to move in the direction of the arrow F, whereas during the other halfperiod of this feed current, this assembly 8 tends to move in the opposite direction, because the poles appearing on the end of the legs of the magnetic circuits 37 and 38 change polarity. Thus, the magnetic circuits 37 and 38 provided with their coils 4i) and 4-1 and permanent magnets 33 and 34 form an electromagnetic maintenance device for oscillating movement of the mobile assembly 8 caused by the torsion bar 28. It is quite obvious that this movement can be maintained by any other type of electromagnetic circuit.

During the oscillating movement of the assembly 8, the piston 44 is driven by the latter for moving in the cylinder 4%. When the piston moves in the direction of the arrow F the coolant fluid contained by the cylinder 48 is compressed and tends to open the discharge valve forestablishing communication between said cylinder 48 and the collecting chamber 55. During the return stroke of the piston (in the opposite direction to the arrow F the discharge valve closes the cylinder 4-8, whereas the cupola 44 of this piston, thus forming an inlet valve, sets up communication between said cylinder and the bell, so as to enable the cylinder to be filled with coolant fluid under low pressure.

Although certain specific embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it is obvious that many modifications thereof are possible. The invention, therefore, is not to be restricted except insofar as is necessitated by the prior art and by the spirit of the appended claims.

I claim:

1. An electromagnetically oscillating compressor of the comprising a rigid support, suspension springs for con bearings, and said tube being provided with a protruding d hermetically sealed type enclosed in a closed container comprising a resiliently suspended rigid support of substantially U shape delimited by two lateral branches and a transverse portion integral therewith, a magnetic circuit including two magnetic elements provided with windings and respectively inserted in said two branches of the support to provide opposite poles in said branches, a pair of aligned bearings provided at the free ends of said two branches, a rigid tube rotatively mounted in said bearings, a torsion bar concentrically disposed inside said rigid tube and having one end secured to a corresponding end of said tube and the other end secured to said support so that said bar is twisted when said tube is rotated with respect to said support, a rigid swinging member adjustably secured. to said tube and extending between the branches of said supports, said rigid member enclosing magnetic elements located in close proximity to said poles and carrying a compressing device reciprocably mounted in a compressor body provided in said transverse portion of the support.

Z. An electromagnetically oscillating compressor as set forth in claim 1 comprising further a support carried by said swinging rigid member and adjustable weights secured to said support for varying the total weight of said mem-' ber.

' 3. An electromagnetically oscillating compressor of the hermetically sealed type enclosed in a closed container nection of said support in the inside of said container, said rigid support being substantially U shaped to delimit two lateral branches connectedat their lower part by a transverse portion and near their upper part by a rear crossbar rigidifying the support, said branches extending above said crossbar and provided with coaxially extending bearings, a rotatable tube mounted in said hearings to extend between said branches one of which is provided with a bosshaving a frusto-conical hole coaxial with said end portion having a frusto-conical recess in alignment with said hole of the boss, a torsion bar having frustoconical portions near both endsand threads at both ends, said torsionbar being inserted inside said tube and having its frusto-conical portions respectively fitted inside said frusto-conical hole and recess, nuts threaded on said torsion bar ends for rigidly connecting one end of said torsion bar to said boss of the support and the otherend of said torsion bar to said tube, a rigid swinging member located between said branches of the support and having an upper sheath provided with tightening elements engaged about said tube and tightened thereupon to fix the swinging member to the tube, permanent magnets inserted within said swinging me mber and having their ends protruding toward the branches of said support, magnetic cores respectively mounted in said support branches and having recesses housing coil windings so as to form pole surfaces directed toward said ends of the permanent magnets spaced therefrom by two narrow air gaps, a piston rod rigidly mounted at the lower portion of said swinging member and a piston connected at the end of said piston rod, a cylinder into which said pistonis slidably inserted, said cylinder having a curved axis and being carried by said transverse portion of the support, and a cylinder head carried by said transverse portion and in communication with said cylinder.

References Cited by the Examiner V FOREIGN PATENTS 1,177,892 4/59 France.

LAURENCE V. EFNER, Primary Examiner.

JOSEPH H. BRANSON, IR., Examiner.

Claims (1)

1. AN ELECTROMAGNETICALLY OSCILLATING COMPRESSOR OF THE HERMETICALLY SEALED TYPE ENCLOSED IN A CLOSED CONTAINER COMPRISING A RESILIENTLY SUSPENDED RIGID SUPPORT OF SUBSTANTIALLY U SHAPE DELIMITED BY TWO LATERAL BRANCHES AND A TRANSVERSE PORTION INTEGRAL THEREWITH, A MAGNETIC CIRCUIT INCLUDING TWO MAGNETIC ELEMENTS PROVIDED WITH WINDINGS AND RESPECTIVELY INSERTED IN SAID TWO BRANCHES OF THE SUPPORT TO PROVIDE OPPOSITE POLES IN SAID BRANCHES, A PAIR OF ALIGNED BEARINGS PROVIDED AT THE FREE ENDS OF SAID TWO BRANCHES, A RIGID TUBE ROTATIVELY MOUNTED IN SAID BEARINGS, A TORSION BAR CONCENTRICALLY DISPOSED INSIDE SAID RIGID TUBE AND HAVING ONE END SECURED TO A CORRESPONDING END OF SAID TUBE AND THE OTHER END SECURED TO SAID SUPPORT SO THAT SAID BAR IS TWISTED WHEN SAID TUBE IS ROTATED WITH RESPECT TO SAID SUPPORT, A RIGID SWINGING MEMBER ADJUSTABLY SECURED TO SAID TUBE AND EXTENDING BETWEEN THE BRANCHES OF SAID SUPPORTS, SAID RIGID MEMBER ENCLOSING MAGNETIC ELEMENTS LOCATED IN CLOSE PROXIMITY TO SAID POLES AND CARRYING A COMPRESSING DEVICE RECIPROCABLY MOUNTED IN A COMPRESSOR BODY PROVIDED IN SAID TRANSVERSE PORTION OF THE SUPPORT.

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