US3186839A - Light-to-electrostatic-image converter and process for manufacturing same - Google Patents

Light-to-electrostatic-image converter and process for manufacturing same Download PDF

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Publication number
US3186839A
US3186839A US186474A US18647462A US3186839A US 3186839 A US3186839 A US 3186839A US 186474 A US186474 A US 186474A US 18647462 A US18647462 A US 18647462A US 3186839 A US3186839 A US 3186839A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
image
light
electrostatic
paper
charge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US186474A
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English (en)
Inventor
Joseph J Stone
John H Borland
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
AB Dick Co
Original Assignee
AB Dick Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to BE630893D priority Critical patent/BE630893A/xx
Priority to NL290601D priority patent/NL290601A/xx
Application filed by AB Dick Co filed Critical AB Dick Co
Priority to US186474A priority patent/US3186839A/en
Priority to GB9563/63A priority patent/GB966160A/en
Priority to DE19631472916 priority patent/DE1472916B2/de
Priority to FR929171A priority patent/FR1351958A/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3186839A publication Critical patent/US3186839A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G15/00—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern
    • G03G15/05—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for imagewise charging, e.g. photoconductive control screen, optically activated charging means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G5/00—Recording members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat, to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
    • G03G5/02—Charge-receiving layers
    • G03G5/04—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor

Definitions

  • This invention relates to apparatus for reproducing a light image on paper and, more particularly, to an im provement in apparatus for converting a light image into electrostatic charges on an insulating surface.
  • the process of reproducing a light image on paper by first converting the light image into a representative electrostatic-charge pattern, depositing pigment powder on those portions of the paper where the charge pattern exists, and then fixing said pigment powder on the paper, is very well known.
  • the apparatus which is employed for converting the light image into the electrostatic-charge pattern may comprise a selenium plate or a plurality of photodiodes.
  • the light image may be directed on the selenium plate, which thereafter is brought in contact with the paper on which the image is to be developed, and the charges on the selenium plate are transferred to said paper.
  • the photoconductive property of photodiodes is used for depositing an electrostatic-charge pattern on the paper.
  • the paper is placed between a conductive ground plate and one surface of the photoconductor, and the light image is made to shine on the other surface of the photoconductor.
  • a potential is applied across the photoconductors. Since the resistance of the photoconductors varies with the amplitude of the light to which they are exposed, a charge pattern is deposited on the paper which represents the light image.
  • An object of this invention is the provision of a novel and unique light-to-electrostatic-image converter.
  • Another object of this invention is the provision of a light-to-electrostatic-image converter which can provide a larger number of photoconductors within a given area than heretofore achievable.
  • Yet another object of this invention is to provide a light-to-electrostatic-image converter which is simpler to manufacture than heretofore possible.
  • Still another object of the present invention is to provide a light-to-electrostatic-image converter which is less expensive than those employed heretofore.
  • the light-image-to-electrostatic-image converter thus fabricated may then be used in the traditional manner, whereby paper is brought in contact with the surface to which the wire points extend, and the light image is caused to shine upon the surface to which the photoconducting material extends. A potential is applied between the conductive surface and a conductive plate which is positioned on the opposite side of the paper. As a result, an electrostatic image is deposited on the surface of the paper which is representative of the light image which has been directed upon the converter.
  • FIGURE 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the invention
  • FIGURE 2 is an enlarged section along the lines 2-2 of FTGURE 1;
  • FIGURE 3 shows how the embodiment of the invention may be employed as an ima e converter
  • FIGURE 4- is another view of how an embodiment of the invention may be employed as a continuous-process image converter.
  • FIGURE 1 and FIGURE 2 respectively show an embodiment of the invention and an enlarged section along the lines 2 thereof.
  • the invention comprises a sheet of insulating material 10, which has therein a plurality of holes 12, which extend through the insulating material. As may be seen in FIGURE 2, each one of these holes is filled with two elements. One of these is the wire 14, which extends from one surface of the insulator inward, and the other of these is a photoconductive material 16, which extends "rom the other surface of the insulator until it connects with the wire. Over the surface to which the photoconductive material etxends there is a transparent conductive layer 1%.
  • the insulating sheet 1% has a plurality of holes drilled therein which are spaced apart by an amount determined by the density desired for the photodiodes which are formed therein. In an embodiment of the invention, this consisted of 250 holes to the inch. Each one of these holes has a wire inserted therein. The wire is finished oil flush with the surface of the insulating material sheet. Thereafter, the wires are etched from one side of the insulating material sheet to a predetermined depth. The space provided by the etching process is then filled with photoconductive material. The surface of the insulating sheet to which the photoconductive material extends is then coated with a transparent conductive material. In this manner, there is established a plurality of independent photoconductive cells.
  • a glass plate on the order of .0050" thick was used. Holes were drilled to a density of 250 to an inch. The etching of the wires was permitted to proceed to a depth of 10 mils.
  • the photoconductive material which was employed was cadmium sulfide.
  • FIGURE 3 shows how the embodiment of the invention may be employed in order to convert a light image to an electrostatic image.
  • the converter 20, in accord ance with this invention is positioned to have the surface to which the wire ends extend in contact with a snseasc a, a paper 22, upon which it is desired to deposit an electrostatic image.
  • a conductive backing plate 24 is placed on the other side of the paper.
  • a high voltage 26 is connected between the transparent conductive backing of the embodiment of the invention and the conductive backing plate 24.
  • This charge pattern may be developed in the manner commonly employed for the xerographic processes by removing the paper from the image converter 2%, dusting its surface with a pigment powder having suitable triboelectric properties, whereby the powder adheres to those portions of the paper which have an electrostatic charge thereon. Thereafter, the pigment powder and paper are treated in a manner to cause the powder to be fixedly attached to the paper. This may be done by the application of heat.
  • FIGURE 4 shows another arrangement for utilizing an embodiment of this invention.
  • the image converter 3% consists of a bar having a single line of the photoconductors manufactured in the sheet of insulating material.
  • a light image from a source 32 is caused to be scanned across the bar image converter 30.
  • a web of paper 34 is passed between the opposite side of the bar 30, to which the image is applied, and a conductive backing plate 36.
  • a high-voltage source 38 is connected between the conductive coating on the image con verter 3t? and the backing plate 36.
  • the motion of the paper 34 past the image converter is at a speed which is related to the speed with which the image from the light image source 32 is scanned past the converter 30.
  • the paper 34 is passed through an image developer 46.
  • This image developer serves to dust the surface of the paper with a pigment powder, removes pigment powder from those regions of the paper where no charge has been deposited and thereafter fixes the remaining pigment powder to the paper by applying heat thereto.
  • An image converter for converting a light image to a charge on a charge receiving member comprising a sheet of insulating material having a hole extending between opposite surfaces of said sheet of insulating material, a conductor in said hole extending from one surface partly to the opposite surface, photoconductive material filling the remainder of said hole, a transparent conductive coating over said opposite surface upon which a light image to be converted is permitted to fall, a conductive member spaced from said one surface by the thickness of said charge receiving member, and means for applying operating po tential between said transparent coating and said conductive member whereby said charge receiving member may receive a charge pattern as determined by said light image.
  • a light-to-elcctrostatic-image converter for converting a light image to a charge on a charge receiving member comprising a sheet of insulating material having a plurality of apertures therein extending from one surface to an opposite surface thereof, said apertures being filled by photoconductive material extending from one surface part way to the opposite surface and conducting material extending from the photoconductive material to the opposite surface, a transparent conductive coating over the surface from which the photoconductive material extends upon which a light image to be converted is permitted to fall, a conductive member spaced from said opposite surface by the thickness of said charge receiving member, and means for applying operating potential between said transparent conductive coating and said conductive member whereby said charge receiving member may receive a charge pattern as determined by said light image.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Solid State Image Pick-Up Elements (AREA)
  • Electrophotography Using Other Than Carlson'S Method (AREA)
  • Combination Of More Than One Step In Electrophotography (AREA)
US186474A 1962-04-10 1962-04-10 Light-to-electrostatic-image converter and process for manufacturing same Expired - Lifetime US3186839A (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE630893D BE630893A (US08197722-20120612-C00042.png) 1962-04-10
NL290601D NL290601A (US08197722-20120612-C00042.png) 1962-04-10
US186474A US3186839A (en) 1962-04-10 1962-04-10 Light-to-electrostatic-image converter and process for manufacturing same
GB9563/63A GB966160A (en) 1962-04-10 1963-03-11 Light image converter
DE19631472916 DE1472916B2 (de) 1962-04-10 1963-03-22 Vorrichtung zum bildmaessigen sufladen eines aufzeichnungs materials und verfahren zur herstellung einer solchen vor richtung
FR929171A FR1351958A (fr) 1962-04-10 1963-03-26 Convertisseur d'image lumineuse en image électrostatique

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US186474A US3186839A (en) 1962-04-10 1962-04-10 Light-to-electrostatic-image converter and process for manufacturing same

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3186839A true US3186839A (en) 1965-06-01

Family

ID=22685110

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US186474A Expired - Lifetime US3186839A (en) 1962-04-10 1962-04-10 Light-to-electrostatic-image converter and process for manufacturing same

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3186839A (US08197722-20120612-C00042.png)
BE (1) BE630893A (US08197722-20120612-C00042.png)
DE (1) DE1472916B2 (US08197722-20120612-C00042.png)
GB (1) GB966160A (US08197722-20120612-C00042.png)
NL (1) NL290601A (US08197722-20120612-C00042.png)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3531646A (en) * 1966-09-29 1970-09-29 Xerox Corp Enhancement of electrostatic images
US3979757A (en) * 1973-04-19 1976-09-07 Kilby Jack S Electrostatic display system with toner applied to head
US5801741A (en) * 1996-04-24 1998-09-01 Minolta Co., Ltd. Electrostatic recording apparatus

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1880289A (en) * 1928-07-21 1932-10-04 Thomas W Sukumlyn Light sensitive device
US2650258A (en) * 1951-06-12 1953-08-25 Rca Corp Semiconductor photosensitive device
US2747104A (en) * 1951-10-06 1956-05-22 Gen Electric Interval timing apparatus
US2777040A (en) * 1955-08-17 1957-01-08 Rca Corp Large area photocell
US2899659A (en) * 1952-03-07 1959-08-11 mcllvaine
US2912592A (en) * 1954-10-07 1959-11-10 Horizons Inc Memory device
US3007049A (en) * 1959-03-12 1961-10-31 Gen Dynamics Corp Apparatus for generating electrostatic images

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1880289A (en) * 1928-07-21 1932-10-04 Thomas W Sukumlyn Light sensitive device
US2650258A (en) * 1951-06-12 1953-08-25 Rca Corp Semiconductor photosensitive device
US2747104A (en) * 1951-10-06 1956-05-22 Gen Electric Interval timing apparatus
US2899659A (en) * 1952-03-07 1959-08-11 mcllvaine
US2912592A (en) * 1954-10-07 1959-11-10 Horizons Inc Memory device
US2777040A (en) * 1955-08-17 1957-01-08 Rca Corp Large area photocell
US3007049A (en) * 1959-03-12 1961-10-31 Gen Dynamics Corp Apparatus for generating electrostatic images

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3531646A (en) * 1966-09-29 1970-09-29 Xerox Corp Enhancement of electrostatic images
US3979757A (en) * 1973-04-19 1976-09-07 Kilby Jack S Electrostatic display system with toner applied to head
US5801741A (en) * 1996-04-24 1998-09-01 Minolta Co., Ltd. Electrostatic recording apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL290601A (US08197722-20120612-C00042.png)
DE1472916A1 (de) 1969-03-27
BE630893A (US08197722-20120612-C00042.png)
DE1472916B2 (de) 1971-05-27
GB966160A (en) 1964-08-06

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