US3168080A - Boiling cooling system - Google Patents

Boiling cooling system Download PDF

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Publication number
US3168080A
US3168080A US343543A US34354364A US3168080A US 3168080 A US3168080 A US 3168080A US 343543 A US343543 A US 343543A US 34354364 A US34354364 A US 34354364A US 3168080 A US3168080 A US 3168080A
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United States
Prior art keywords
coolant
storage tank
level
cooling system
tank
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Expired - Lifetime
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US343543A
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Michael P Latterner
Thomas F Rozek
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Dow Chemical Co
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Dow Chemical Co
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Priority to US343543A priority Critical patent/US3168080A/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
    • F01P3/22—Liquid cooling characterised by evaporation and condensation of coolant in closed cycles; characterised by the coolant reaching higher temperatures than normal atmospheric boiling-point
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P11/00—Component parts, details, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01P1/00 - F01P9/00
    • F01P11/02—Liquid-coolant filling, overflow, venting, or draining devices
    • F01P11/029—Expansion reservoirs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B23/00—Machines, plants or systems, with a single mode of operation not covered by groups F25B1/00 - F25B21/00, e.g. using selective radiation effect
    • F25B23/006—Machines, plants or systems, with a single mode of operation not covered by groups F25B1/00 - F25B21/00, e.g. using selective radiation effect boiling cooling systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
    • F01P3/22—Liquid cooling characterised by evaporation and condensation of coolant in closed cycles; characterised by the coolant reaching higher temperatures than normal atmospheric boiling-point
    • F01P2003/2214—Condensers
    • F01P2003/2228—Condensers of the upflow type

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an improved boiling heat transfer system, and more particularly to improved means for venting of non-condensible gases from such a system.
  • Non-condensible gaseous materials such as air, combustion gases, or the like, must be bled from the cooling system periodically to insure proper functioning of the system.
  • substantial quantities of coolant vapor are lost in the bleeding or venting process.
  • FIGURE 1 is a simplified schematic drawing illustrating a boiling cooling system
  • FIGURE 2 is a plan view, partially in section, of the coolant storage tank shown in FIGURE 1;
  • FIGURE 3 is -a side elevation of the coolant storage tank taken along line 3-3 of FIGURE 2, showing the tank at reduced coolant level;
  • FIGURE 4 is a side elevation of the coolant storage tank taken along line 44 of FIGURE 2, showing the tank at maximum coolant level.
  • a boiling cooling system for an internal combustion engine 113 comprising a cooling jacket integral with said internal combustion engine and a condenser 11 connected thereto, is provided with a coolant storage tank 12 communicating with said condenser 11 at the portion of said condenser 11 distant from said engine it) by means of a suitable coolant inlet 14.
  • the coolant storage tank 12 is provided with a coolant inlet 14, a bag vent 15, a tank vent 16, and a collapsible bag 18.
  • Coolant inlet 14 is positioned in such a manner that coolant enters and leaves from the bottom portion of coolant storage tank 12, regardless of the vertical positional relationship of coolant storage tank 12 relative to condenser 11.
  • the location of coolant storage tank 12 may be above condenser 11, as shown in FIG- URE 1, or may be level with or below condenser 11.
  • Bag vent 15 is usually a short tube-like communication means between the atmosphere and the interior of collapsible bag 18.
  • Expanded volume of collapsible bag 13 is usually substantially the internal volume of coolant storage tank 12, but may be more or, when storage tank 12 contains coolant under non-operating conditions, less than the internal volume of coolant storage tank 12.
  • Tank vent 16 communicates between the atmosphere and the interior of coolant storage tank 12 and is provided with a two-position, open-shut valve 19 actuated as by means of a float 20.
  • Float 2i) and valve 19 are preferably protected from contact with the collapsible bag 18 by means of a barrier 22, such as a screen, thereby to freely allow the float to follow the coolant level in storage tank 12.
  • barrier 22 is not shown in FIGURES 3 and 4.
  • Valve 19 is designed to open when float 20 is in the position which corresponds to the coolant level when the engine is not operating as illustrated in FIGURE 3, thereby establishing communication between the atmosphere and the interior of coolant storage tank 12. Valve 19 does not close, then, until float 20 is in the position corresponding to the coolant level under start-up conditions.
  • expansion drives coolant through condenser 11 and into coolant storage tank 12.
  • a liquid trap 21 may be employed on condenser 11, if desired, to insure a liquid seal at the end of the condenser 11 nearest coolant storage tank 12.
  • Valve 19 remains open as the coolant level rises, thus expelling non-condensibles to the atmosphere through tank vent 16.
  • float 20 actuates valve 19, causing valve 19 to close. Fluctuations in coolant level during operation are compensated for by the flow of air into or out of collapsible bag 18. As the coolant level falls, collapsible bag 18 expands and as the coolant level rises, collapsible bag 18 collapses, thereby equalizing the pressure in coolant storage tank 12 with the atmosphere.
  • coolant level in coolant storage tank 12 drops to its minimum height, which is never reached while the engine is operating.
  • Float 21 following the level of coolant in storage tank 12, actuates valve 19 and opens tank vent 16 to the atmosphere when a predetermined level is reached. This level is also below the minimum coolant level during operation.
  • Non-condensible gases work their way to the coolant storage tank 12 and are vented to the atmosphere through tank vent 16 during the periods when valve 19 is in the open position. In this manner, the system is vented only during start up periods when the coolant is at temperatures which are low relative to normal operating temperatures, thus minimizing coolant loss due to vaporization during venting.
  • metal would be the preferred material for fabrication of coolant storage tank 12, but any material which is substantially inert to the coolant employed and capable of withstanding temperatures encountered in an ebullient cooling system may be satisfactorily employed.
  • Collapsible bag 18 is a bag fabricated of material (such as, for example, high temperature resistant pliable rubber, plastics, or the like) which is substantially impervious to air and the coolant employed in the system and is capable of withstanding normal temperatures encountered in operation of the system.
  • material such as, for example, high temperature resistant pliable rubber, plastics, or the like
  • a boiling cooling system for an internal combustion engine, said system comprising a condenser connected to a cooling jacket integral with said internal combustion engine and containing coolant
  • the improvement which comprises in combination a coolant storage tank communicating with said condenser by means of a coolant inlet, said coolant storage tank being provided with a bag vent, a tank vent, a collapsible bag within said tank, said collapsible bag connected to said bag vent, said bag vent providing communication between the atmosphere and the interior of said collapsible bag, said tank vent having an openshut valve attached thereto, said tank vent providing communication between the interior of said coolant storage tank and the atmosphere, said valve having actuation means whereby said valve is opened when the coolant level falls below a predetermined minimum and closes when the coolant level reaches a predetermined maximum.

Description

Feb. 2, 1965 M. P. LATTERNER ETAL BOILING COOLING SYSTEM Filed Feb. 10, 1964 Engine 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 (3|- M lg 1 PM Kip I b W J .J
NVENTORS M/chae/fi afferner' BY Th omas F Ro5ek Feb. 2, 1965 M. P. LATTERNER ETAL 3,168,030
BOILING COOLING SYSTEM Filed Feb. 10, 1964 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 f} 4 INVENTORS M/O/IOE/P. L0 fern 8/ Y Thomas F. RO
d HTTORNEY United States Patent Ofilice 3,158fl8fi Patented Feb. 2, 1955 3,168,080 BGILING CGGLING SYSTEM Michael P. Latterner, Midland, and Thomas Rozek,
Bay City, Mich., assignors toThe Dow Chemical Comparry, Midland, Mich, a corporation of Delaware Filed Feb. 10, 1964, Ser. No. 343,543 1 tliaim. (Cl. 123-41.26)
This invention relates to an improved boiling heat transfer system, and more particularly to improved means for venting of non-condensible gases from such a system.
In systems employing boiling cooling, a common problem exists. Non-condensible gaseous materials such as air, combustion gases, or the like, must be bled from the cooling system periodically to insure proper functioning of the system. In substantially all of the previously proposed methods to solve this problem, substantial quantities of coolant vapor are lost in the bleeding or venting process.
We have discovered an improved means for venting non-condensible gases from boiling cooling systems, whereby loss of coolant is substantially minimized.
Objects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent in the course of the following specification when read in light of the accompanying drawings in which like numbering is used throughout and in which:
FIGURE 1 is a simplified schematic drawing illustrating a boiling cooling system;
FIGURE 2 is a plan view, partially in section, of the coolant storage tank shown in FIGURE 1;
FIGURE 3 is -a side elevation of the coolant storage tank taken along line 3-3 of FIGURE 2, showing the tank at reduced coolant level; and
FIGURE 4 is a side elevation of the coolant storage tank taken along line 44 of FIGURE 2, showing the tank at maximum coolant level.
In accordance with the present invention, a boiling cooling system for an internal combustion engine 113, comprising a cooling jacket integral with said internal combustion engine and a condenser 11 connected thereto, is provided with a coolant storage tank 12 communicating with said condenser 11 at the portion of said condenser 11 distant from said engine it) by means of a suitable coolant inlet 14. The coolant storage tank 12 is provided with a coolant inlet 14, a bag vent 15, a tank vent 16, and a collapsible bag 18.
Coolant inlet 14 is positioned in such a manner that coolant enters and leaves from the bottom portion of coolant storage tank 12, regardless of the vertical positional relationship of coolant storage tank 12 relative to condenser 11. Thus, the location of coolant storage tank 12 may be above condenser 11, as shown in FIG- URE 1, or may be level with or below condenser 11.
Bag vent 15 is usually a short tube-like communication means between the atmosphere and the interior of collapsible bag 18. Expanded volume of collapsible bag 13 is usually substantially the internal volume of coolant storage tank 12, but may be more or, when storage tank 12 contains coolant under non-operating conditions, less than the internal volume of coolant storage tank 12.
Tank vent 16 communicates between the atmosphere and the interior of coolant storage tank 12 and is provided with a two-position, open-shut valve 19 actuated as by means of a float 20. Float 2i) and valve 19 are preferably protected from contact with the collapsible bag 18 by means of a barrier 22, such as a screen, thereby to freely allow the float to follow the coolant level in storage tank 12. For simplicity, and to prevent confusion, barrier 22 is not shown in FIGURES 3 and 4.
Valve 19 is designed to open when float 20 is in the position which corresponds to the coolant level when the engine is not operating as illustrated in FIGURE 3, thereby establishing communication between the atmosphere and the interior of coolant storage tank 12. Valve 19 does not close, then, until float 20 is in the position corresponding to the coolant level under start-up conditions.
In operation, when engine 10 is started, expansion drives coolant through condenser 11 and into coolant storage tank 12. A liquid trap 21 may be employed on condenser 11, if desired, to insure a liquid seal at the end of the condenser 11 nearest coolant storage tank 12. Valve 19 remains open as the coolant level rises, thus expelling non-condensibles to the atmosphere through tank vent 16. When the coolant reaches a pre-determined level as illustrated by FIGURE 4, float 20 actuates valve 19, causing valve 19 to close. Fluctuations in coolant level during operation are compensated for by the flow of air into or out of collapsible bag 18. As the coolant level falls, collapsible bag 18 expands and as the coolant level rises, collapsible bag 18 collapses, thereby equalizing the pressure in coolant storage tank 12 with the atmosphere.
When the engine is shut off, the coolant level in coolant storage tank 12 drops to its minimum height, which is never reached while the engine is operating. Float 21), following the level of coolant in storage tank 12, actuates valve 19 and opens tank vent 16 to the atmosphere when a predetermined level is reached. This level is also below the minimum coolant level during operation.
Non-condensible gases work their way to the coolant storage tank 12 and are vented to the atmosphere through tank vent 16 during the periods when valve 19 is in the open position. In this manner, the system is vented only during start up periods when the coolant is at temperatures which are low relative to normal operating temperatures, thus minimizing coolant loss due to vaporization during venting.
Generally, metal would be the preferred material for fabrication of coolant storage tank 12, but any material which is substantially inert to the coolant employed and capable of withstanding temperatures encountered in an ebullient cooling system may be satisfactorily employed.
Collapsible bag 18 is a bag fabricated of material (such as, for example, high temperature resistant pliable rubber, plastics, or the like) which is substantially impervious to air and the coolant employed in the system and is capable of withstanding normal temperatures encountered in operation of the system.
Various modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope thereof, and it is to be understood that we limit ourselves only as defined in the appended claim.
We claim:
In a boiling cooling system for an internal combustion engine, said system comprising a condenser connected to a cooling jacket integral with said internal combustion engine and containing coolant, the improvement which comprises in combination a coolant storage tank communicating with said condenser by means of a coolant inlet, said coolant storage tank being provided with a bag vent, a tank vent, a collapsible bag within said tank, said collapsible bag connected to said bag vent, said bag vent providing communication between the atmosphere and the interior of said collapsible bag, said tank vent having an openshut valve attached thereto, said tank vent providing communication between the interior of said coolant storage tank and the atmosphere, said valve having actuation means whereby said valve is opened when the coolant level falls below a predetermined minimum and closes when the coolant level reaches a predetermined maximum.
No references cited.
US343543A 1964-02-10 1964-02-10 Boiling cooling system Expired - Lifetime US3168080A (en)

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Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3238932A (en) * 1964-03-30 1966-03-08 Ford Motor Co Sealed cooling system for an internal combustion engine
US3765383A (en) * 1971-10-08 1973-10-16 V Birdwell Expansible reservoir unit for liquid cooled engines
EP0041853A1 (en) * 1980-06-09 1981-12-16 Evc Associates Limited Partnership Boiling liquid cooling system for internal combustion engines
US4367699A (en) * 1981-01-27 1983-01-11 Evc Associates Limited Partnership Boiling liquid engine cooling system
FR2554505A1 (en) * 1983-11-03 1985-05-10 Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag EVAPORATION COOLING SYSTEM FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
US4585052A (en) * 1983-09-14 1986-04-29 Kabushiki Kaisha Komatsu Sesiakusho Tank apparatus for holding a reserve supply of coolant for a radiator on a vehicle
US4648356A (en) * 1984-06-12 1987-03-10 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Evaporative cooling system of internal combustion engine
US4700664A (en) * 1984-07-06 1987-10-20 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Cooling system for automotive engine or the like
US4722304A (en) * 1986-01-10 1988-02-02 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Cooling system for automotive engine or the like
EP0487846A1 (en) * 1990-11-27 1992-06-03 Firma Carl Freudenberg Evaporation-cooled internal combustion engine
WO1992019851A2 (en) * 1991-05-07 1992-11-12 Stephen Molivadas Airtight two-phase heat-transfer systems
US6866092B1 (en) * 1981-02-19 2005-03-15 Stephen Molivadas Two-phase heat-transfer systems
DE102009048997A1 (en) * 2009-10-09 2011-04-14 Behr Industry Gmbh & Co. Kg Cooling system, in particular for an internal combustion engine

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3238932A (en) * 1964-03-30 1966-03-08 Ford Motor Co Sealed cooling system for an internal combustion engine
US3765383A (en) * 1971-10-08 1973-10-16 V Birdwell Expansible reservoir unit for liquid cooled engines
EP0041853A1 (en) * 1980-06-09 1981-12-16 Evc Associates Limited Partnership Boiling liquid cooling system for internal combustion engines
US4367699A (en) * 1981-01-27 1983-01-11 Evc Associates Limited Partnership Boiling liquid engine cooling system
US6866092B1 (en) * 1981-02-19 2005-03-15 Stephen Molivadas Two-phase heat-transfer systems
US4585052A (en) * 1983-09-14 1986-04-29 Kabushiki Kaisha Komatsu Sesiakusho Tank apparatus for holding a reserve supply of coolant for a radiator on a vehicle
FR2554505A1 (en) * 1983-11-03 1985-05-10 Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag EVAPORATION COOLING SYSTEM FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
DE3339717A1 (en) * 1983-11-03 1985-05-15 M.A.N. Maschinenfabrik Augsburg-Nürnberg AG, 8500 Nürnberg EVAPORATIVE COOLING FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES
US4584971A (en) * 1983-11-03 1986-04-29 Maschinenfabrik Augsburg-Nurnberg Evaporative cooling system for internal combustion engines
US4648356A (en) * 1984-06-12 1987-03-10 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Evaporative cooling system of internal combustion engine
US4700664A (en) * 1984-07-06 1987-10-20 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Cooling system for automotive engine or the like
US4722304A (en) * 1986-01-10 1988-02-02 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Cooling system for automotive engine or the like
EP0487846A1 (en) * 1990-11-27 1992-06-03 Firma Carl Freudenberg Evaporation-cooled internal combustion engine
WO1992019851A2 (en) * 1991-05-07 1992-11-12 Stephen Molivadas Airtight two-phase heat-transfer systems
WO1992019851A3 (en) * 1991-05-07 1993-01-21 Stephen Molivadas Airtight two-phase heat-transfer systems
DE102009048997A1 (en) * 2009-10-09 2011-04-14 Behr Industry Gmbh & Co. Kg Cooling system, in particular for an internal combustion engine

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