US3159509A - Chromate process - Google Patents
Chromate process Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3159509A US3159509A US155179A US15517961A US3159509A US 3159509 A US3159509 A US 3159509A US 155179 A US155179 A US 155179A US 15517961 A US15517961 A US 15517961A US 3159509 A US3159509 A US 3159509A
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- United States
- Prior art keywords
- article
- bath
- titanium
- chromate
- zinc
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromate(2-) Chemical compound [O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 9
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 10
- 150000003608 titanium Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 5
- JOPOVCBBYLSVDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(6+) Chemical compound [Cr+6] JOPOVCBBYLSVDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000349 titanium oxysulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- SOBXOQKKUVQETK-UHFFFAOYSA-H titanium(3+);trisulfate Chemical compound [Ti+3].[Ti+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SOBXOQKKUVQETK-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 3
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L chromic acid Substances O[Cr](O)(=O)=O KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 2
- AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N furo[3,4-b]pyrazine-5,7-dione Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=N1 AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- MNWBNISUBARLIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium cyanide Chemical compound [Na+].N#[C-] MNWBNISUBARLIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003609 titanium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004532 chromating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001845 chromium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SOCTUWSJJQCPFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichromate(2-) Chemical compound [O-][Cr](=O)(=O)O[Cr]([O-])(=O)=O SOCTUWSJJQCPFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003028 elevating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- KMUONIBRACKNSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium dichromate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Cr](=O)(=O)O[Cr]([O-])(=O)=O KMUONIBRACKNSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- KIEOKOFEPABQKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium dichromate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Cr](=O)(=O)O[Cr]([O-])(=O)=O KIEOKOFEPABQKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- LLZRNZOLAXHGLL-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanic acid Chemical compound O[Ti](O)(O)O LLZRNZOLAXHGLL-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/24—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing hexavalent chromium compounds
Definitions
- This invention relates to an improvement in the chromate process which is employed in the art for elevating the corrosion resistance of articles electroplated with zinc or cadmium and of zinc die castings. More particularly, the invention pertains to a method wherein a salt of titanium is dissolved in the chromate bath and the article to be treated is dipped in the bath.
- the article to be treated is dipped atroom temperature or at elevated temperatures in a bath containing a hexavalent chromium compound and an organic or inorganic acid to form a chromate deposit on the surface of the article.
- the chromium compound employed can be chromic acid anhydride, potassium bichromate, sodium bichromate and the like. Details of the process are disclosed in Electroplating Engineering Hand book (Reinhold Publishing Corp., 1955, pp. 366 to 376), and the property and composition of the chromate deposit in L. F. Spencer, Metal Finishing (vol. 158, No. 1, pp. 58 to 65), W. E. Pocock, Metal Finishing Guidebook (1960 pp.
- the integral components of the bath are C10 or an alkali bichromate and sulfuric acid.
- the article to be treated is dipped in the bath at 20 to 65 C. for 3 to 5 seconds.
- the article is then suspended in the air at room temperature for a short period of time, washed with water and dried.
- the improved process of this invention comprises dissolving one of the titanium salts, titanous phosphate, titanous sulfate, titanic sulfate and titanyl sulfate in the ordinary chromate bath, and dipping the article to be treated in the resultant bath in an identical manner as employed in the conventional chromate art.
- the pH of the bath is kept at below 1.5 in order that the desired amount of the titanium salt satisfactorily dissolves in the bath.
- a bath containing 80 to 400 grams per liter of chromic acid and 5 to 60 grams per liter of sulfuric acid is expedient.
- the titanium compound employed in this invention can be titanous phosphate, titanous sulfate, titanic sulfate and titanyl sulfate.
- the most desirable amount of titanium salt dissolved in the bath ranges from 0.5 to 15 grams per liter. 30 grams per liter or more of titanium salt damage the adhesive power of the deposit.
- a zinc-plated article for instance, is dipped in the acidic bath of this invention containing hexavalent chromium salt and titanium salt. Then the zinc contained in the deposit starts being oxidized and dissolving into the bath, allowing the zinc still remaining undissolved in the deposit to be sufficiently activated and replaced electrochemically with the titanium salt, yielding a layer of titanium, probably of titanium hydroxide, on the surface of the zinc deposit.
- the hexavalent chromium salt in oxidizing the zinc deposit is reduced to trivalent chromic oxide and deposits in the state of a Filed Nov. 27, 1961, Ser. No. 155,179
- the metals which can be treated directly or indirectly with the method of this invention include iron, zinc, cadmium, copper, brass, aluminum, bronze, silver, magnesium and the like.' Said metals can all be treated in the same manner as described above, yielding a satisfactory and much improved corrosion resistance, although the replacement with the titanium salt in the bath does not take place with the metals having higher electrochemical activity than titanium.
- Example 1 A soft iron article (10 cm. x 10 cm. x 0.04 cm.) is elec- 3 trochemically plated with zinc according to the conventi onal method. More particularly, 42 g./l. of ZnO, 92 g./l. of NaCN and 40 g./l. of NaOH are dissolved in water. Electric current is applied in the order of 3 amp./
- the article is dipped in the bath at 18 to 20 C. for 25 to 30 minutes to be electrochemically plated with a zinc deposit 20 microns thick.
- the article is then Washed with Water, dipped for 2 seconds in an aqueous solution containing 0.5 weight percent of nitric acid, and dried in the air.
- the zinc-plated article is then dipped at 20 to 30 C. for 5 seconds in the bath of this invention containing 200 g./l. of CrO 10 g./l. of TiOSO -2H O and 20 g./l. of H 80
- the article thus treated is suspended in the air for 5 seconds, washed with water, and dried in the air at C. for 5 to 6 hours.
- the brilliancy of the article treated with the titanium bath of this invention is more pronounced than that of the control article but with no substantial difference in the color.
- the sample article is dipped in dilute sulfuric acid to dissolve the titanium layer, and 2 cc. of 3 percent hydrogen peroxide are added to the resulting solution and agitated. Then the solution turns yellow in confirmation of the presence of titanium salt. Control article is also treated in the same manner, but the solution remains unchanged in color.
- Sodium carbonate is also employed in amount of 30 g./l. to decolor the layer, and the layer is subjected to the same test as above, yielding the same result.
- the brilliancy of the layer decolored in an alkaline bath is damaged when TiOSO -2H O is employed in amount more than 16 g./l. in the bath of this invention.
- Example 2 A soft iron article of the same size as employed in Example 1 is electrochemically plated with cadmium.
- a method of producing a corrosion resistant coating upon a metal article having a surface selected from the group consisting of zinc and cadmium which comprises dipping such article in an aqueous chromating bath of pH below 1.5 consisting of an aqueous solution of 0.5 to grams per liter of a titanium compound selected from the group consisting of titanous sulfate, titanic sulfate, titanyl sulfate and titanous phosphate and 80 to 400 grams per liter of chromic acid, suspending the dipped article in air, Washing the article with water, and drying the article at a temperature between and C.
Description
United States Patent 3,159,509 .CHROMATE PROCESS Rihei Tomono, Ukyo-hu, Kyoto, Japan, assignor to Ohuno Chemical Industry Company, Osaka, .lapan No Drawing;
1 Claim. (Cl. 148--6.16)
This invention relates to an improvement in the chromate process which is employed in the art for elevating the corrosion resistance of articles electroplated with zinc or cadmium and of zinc die castings. More particularly, the invention pertains to a method wherein a salt of titanium is dissolved in the chromate bath and the article to be treated is dipped in the bath.
According tothe chromate process employed in the art, the article to be treated is dipped atroom temperature or at elevated temperatures in a bath containing a hexavalent chromium compound and an organic or inorganic acid to form a chromate deposit on the surface of the article. The chromium compound employed, for example, can be chromic acid anhydride, potassium bichromate, sodium bichromate and the like. Details of the process are disclosed in Electroplating Engineering Hand book (Reinhold Publishing Corp., 1955, pp. 366 to 376), and the property and composition of the chromate deposit in L. F. Spencer, Metal Finishing (vol. 158, No. 1, pp. 58 to 65), W. E. Pocock, Metal Finishing Guidebook (1960 pp. 512 to 524), and S. L. Sisler, 1'. Bass & M. A. Henderson, Plating (vol. 41, No. 2, p. 147). Generally speaking, the integral components of the bath are C10 or an alkali bichromate and sulfuric acid. The article to be treated is dipped in the bath at 20 to 65 C. for 3 to 5 seconds. The article is then suspended in the air at room temperature for a short period of time, washed with water and dried.
The improved process of this invention comprises dissolving one of the titanium salts, titanous phosphate, titanous sulfate, titanic sulfate and titanyl sulfate in the ordinary chromate bath, and dipping the article to be treated in the resultant bath in an identical manner as employed in the conventional chromate art. There are no specific changes made in the composition of the starting chromate bath. The pH of the bath is kept at below 1.5 in order that the desired amount of the titanium salt satisfactorily dissolves in the bath. A bath containing 80 to 400 grams per liter of chromic acid and 5 to 60 grams per liter of sulfuric acid is expedient. The titanium compound employed in this invention can be titanous phosphate, titanous sulfate, titanic sulfate and titanyl sulfate. The most desirable amount of titanium salt dissolved in the bath ranges from 0.5 to 15 grams per liter. 30 grams per liter or more of titanium salt damage the adhesive power of the deposit.
The principle of this invention is put into practice in the following manner:
A zinc-plated article, for instance, is dipped in the acidic bath of this invention containing hexavalent chromium salt and titanium salt. Then the zinc contained in the deposit starts being oxidized and dissolving into the bath, allowing the zinc still remaining undissolved in the deposit to be sufficiently activated and replaced electrochemically with the titanium salt, yielding a layer of titanium, probably of titanium hydroxide, on the surface of the zinc deposit. The hexavalent chromium salt in oxidizing the zinc deposit, on the other hand, is reduced to trivalent chromic oxide and deposits in the state of a Filed Nov. 27, 1961, Ser. No. 155,179
3,159,509 Patented Dec. 1, 1964 ice gel on the titanium layer, absorbing titanium salt, hexavalent chromium salt and acid used in the chromate bath. The article is then suspended in the air at room temperature for about 5 seconds and dried at 50 to 80 C. The layer or deposit thus obtained is hard and compact, and the brilliancy and corrosion resistance are markedly improved as compared with the article conventionally chromated.
The metals which can be treated directly or indirectly with the method of this invention include iron, zinc, cadmium, copper, brass, aluminum, bronze, silver, magnesium and the like.' Said metals can all be treated in the same manner as described above, yielding a satisfactory and much improved corrosion resistance, although the replacement with the titanium salt in the bath does not take place with the metals having higher electrochemical activity than titanium.
To have a better understanding of this invention, preferred examples of the same are disclosed below:
Example 1 A soft iron article (10 cm. x 10 cm. x 0.04 cm.) is elec- 3 trochemically plated with zinc according to the conventi onal method. More particularly, 42 g./l. of ZnO, 92 g./l. of NaCN and 40 g./l. of NaOH are dissolved in water. Electric current is applied in the order of 3 amp./
dm. in terms of cathode current density, and the article is dipped in the bath at 18 to 20 C. for 25 to 30 minutes to be electrochemically plated with a zinc deposit 20 microns thick. The article is then Washed with Water, dipped for 2 seconds in an aqueous solution containing 0.5 weight percent of nitric acid, and dried in the air.
The zinc-plated article is then dipped at 20 to 30 C. for 5 seconds in the bath of this invention containing 200 g./l. of CrO 10 g./l. of TiOSO -2H O and 20 g./l. of H 80 The article thus treated is suspended in the air for 5 seconds, washed with water, and dried in the air at C. for 5 to 6 hours. As compared to a control article which is prepared in an identical manner as described above without TiOSO -2H O, the brilliancy of the article treated with the titanium bath of this invention is more pronounced than that of the control article but with no substantial difference in the color.
To ascertain the presence of titium salt, the sample article is dipped in dilute sulfuric acid to dissolve the titanium layer, and 2 cc. of 3 percent hydrogen peroxide are added to the resulting solution and agitated. Then the solution turns yellow in confirmation of the presence of titanium salt. Control article is also treated in the same manner, but the solution remains unchanged in color.
Sodium carbonate is also employed in amount of 30 g./l. to decolor the layer, and the layer is subjected to the same test as above, yielding the same result.
When subjected to the Cass Test (Metal Finishing, vol. 57, No. 12, (1959)) and Corrodkote Test (Proc. Am. Electroplaters Soc, vol. 43, No. 50 1956) the corrosion resistance of the sample article is found 3 to 5 times more than that of control. a
The brilliancy of the layer decolored in an alkaline bath is damaged when TiOSO -2H O is employed in amount more than 16 g./l. in the bath of this invention.
Example 2 A soft iron article of the same size as employed in Example 1 is electrochemically plated with cadmium.
More particularly, 32 g./l. of CdO and 75 g./l. of NaCN are dissolved in water. Electric current is applied in the order of 1 amp./dm. in terms of cathode current density, and the article is dipped in the bath at 18 to 20 C. for 50 minutes to be electrochemically plated with a cadmium deposit 20 microns thick. The article is then treated with the same bath and in the same manner as employed in Example 1, yielding a uniform titanium layer containing chromate on the surface of the article. 5 percent NaCl is then sprayed on the article to measure the period of time required for decomposing the deposit into an opaque rust. Findings are as follows:
It is our intention that the invention be not limited by any of the details of description unless otherwise specified, but rather be construed broadly within the spirit and scope of the invention as set forth in the the accompanying claim.
What is claimed is:
A method of producing a corrosion resistant coating upon a metal article having a surface selected from the group consisting of zinc and cadmium which comprises dipping such article in an aqueous chromating bath of pH below 1.5 consisting of an aqueous solution of 0.5 to grams per liter of a titanium compound selected from the group consisting of titanous sulfate, titanic sulfate, titanyl sulfate and titanous phosphate and 80 to 400 grams per liter of chromic acid, suspending the dipped article in air, Washing the article with water, and drying the article at a temperature between and C.
References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,786,002 3/57 Van et a1 l486.2 2,798,830 7/57 Newhard et a1. l486.2 2,851,385 9/58 Spruance et al. 1486.2
RICHARD D. NEVIUS, Primary Examiner.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US155179A US3159509A (en) | 1961-11-27 | 1961-11-27 | Chromate process |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US155179A US3159509A (en) | 1961-11-27 | 1961-11-27 | Chromate process |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3159509A true US3159509A (en) | 1964-12-01 |
Family
ID=22554393
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US155179A Expired - Lifetime US3159509A (en) | 1961-11-27 | 1961-11-27 | Chromate process |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3159509A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3405014A (en) * | 1964-03-10 | 1968-10-08 | Mitsui Mining & Smelting Co | Process for producing dyed chromate films on zinc and zinc alloys |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2786002A (en) * | 1954-04-28 | 1957-03-19 | American Chem Paint Co | Method of treating zinciferous surfaces |
| US2798830A (en) * | 1953-08-04 | 1957-07-09 | American Chem Paint Co | Method of improving the corrosion resistance of certain coated aluminum surfaces |
| US2851385A (en) * | 1952-04-03 | 1958-09-09 | Amchem Prod | Process and composition for coating aluminum surfaces |
-
1961
- 1961-11-27 US US155179A patent/US3159509A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2851385A (en) * | 1952-04-03 | 1958-09-09 | Amchem Prod | Process and composition for coating aluminum surfaces |
| US2798830A (en) * | 1953-08-04 | 1957-07-09 | American Chem Paint Co | Method of improving the corrosion resistance of certain coated aluminum surfaces |
| US2786002A (en) * | 1954-04-28 | 1957-03-19 | American Chem Paint Co | Method of treating zinciferous surfaces |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3405014A (en) * | 1964-03-10 | 1968-10-08 | Mitsui Mining & Smelting Co | Process for producing dyed chromate films on zinc and zinc alloys |
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