US3132761A - Container for storing fluid medium under high pressure - Google Patents

Container for storing fluid medium under high pressure Download PDF

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Publication number
US3132761A
US3132761A US126638A US12663861A US3132761A US 3132761 A US3132761 A US 3132761A US 126638 A US126638 A US 126638A US 12663861 A US12663861 A US 12663861A US 3132761 A US3132761 A US 3132761A
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United States
Prior art keywords
necks
fluid medium
container
shell
high pressure
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Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US126638A
Inventor
Walter G Sylvester
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Specialties Development Corp
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Specialties Development Corp
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Priority to US126638A priority Critical patent/US3132761A/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C1/00—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge
    • F17C1/16—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge constructed of plastics materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0128—Shape spherical or elliptical
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0607—Coatings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0658—Synthetics
    • F17C2203/0663—Synthetics in form of fibers or filaments
    • F17C2203/0673—Polymers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0388—Arrangement of valves, regulators, filters
    • F17C2205/0394—Arrangement of valves, regulators, filters in direct contact with the pressure vessel
    • F17C2205/0397—Arrangement of valves, regulators, filters in direct contact with the pressure vessel on both sides of the pressure vessel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
    • F17C2209/21—Shaping processes
    • F17C2209/2154—Winding
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
    • F17C2209/21—Shaping processes
    • F17C2209/2154—Winding
    • F17C2209/2163—Winding with a mandrel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/036—Very high pressure (>80 bar)

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Details Of Rigid Or Semi-Rigid Containers (AREA)

Description

M y 12, 1964 w. e SYLVESTER 3,132,761
CONTAINER FOR STORING FLUID MEDIUM UNDER HIGH PRESSURE Filed y 25, 1961 INVENTOR W AL T E R 6.8YLVESTER ATT 3 132 761 CONTAINER FOR srorirNo FLUID MEDIUM UNDER HIGH PRESSURE Walter G. Sylvester, West Caldwell, N.J., assignor to Specialties Development Corporation, Belleville, N.J.,
a corporation of New Jersey Filed July 25, 1961, Ser. No. 126,638 2 Claims. (Cl. 220-3) Spherical containers of'theforegoing type have been developed which'have a servicelife of at least 20,000
cycles when cycled between and 3000 p.s.i.g. at about 70 F. and 60% humidity. -However, when such containers are cycled while exposed to a higher temperature and/or high humidity their service life is materially shortened.
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide such containers which have a much longer service life when exposed to high humidity at an elevated 'temperature than those similarly constructed heretofore.
Another object is to provide such containers without materially increasing the weight thereof.
A further object is to provide such containers which are resistant to moisture.
Other and further objects of the invention will be obvious upon an understanding of the illustrative embodiment about to be described, or will be indicated in the appended claims, and various advantages not referred to herein will occur to one skilled in the art upon employment of the invention in practice.
In accordance vn'th the present invention, it has been discovered that the foregoing objects can be generally accomplished by completely enclosing the outer shell within an envelope of a layer of resinous material such as a coating or covering which within the temperature range of minus 60 F. to plus 200 F. is oil and abra sion resistant, is highly adhesive, has low moisture permeability and has an elongation of at least 15%.
A preferred embodiment of the invention has been chosen for purposes of illustration and description, and is shown in the accompanying drawing, forming a part of the specification, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a side view of a spherical container constructed in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged, fragmentary, sectional view taken along the line 22 on FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged, fragmentary, sectional view taken along the line 3-3 on FIG. 1.
Referring to the drawing in detail, there is shown a conventionally constructed spherical container adapted to store fluid medium under high pressure such as 3000 p.s.i.g., for example. The container comprises a spherical inner shell formed of rubber or the like having opposed openings 11 and 12 (FIGS. 2 and 3), a fitting 14 at the opening 11, a fitting 15 at the opening 12, and an outer shell 16 consisting of a resin impregnated fiber glass winding which can be produced on a machine such as shown in United States Patent No. 2,901,190.
The fittings 14 and 15 each have a flange 17 which is secured to the inner shell 10 at the openings 11 and 12, and each have a neck 18 extending radially through the openings in opposite directions to define the poles of the sphere. The fitting 14 has threaded port 19 for entry and discharge of fluid medium into which a control valve (not shown) is adapted to be secured. The fitting 15 has a threaded well or recess 20 but could be provided with a port or opening for receiving a plug or a valve if desired.
United States Patent 0 3,132,761 Patented May -12,
During the application of the winding whichiprovides the outer shell, the threaded portions of the fittings serve; as means for securing the innershell to themandrel of the .winding machine, and the necks 18 of the fittings are engaged by convolutions of the winding. The outermost portions of the necks 18 extend outwardly beyond the outer shell 16 and form opening 21 therein.
; The outer shell 16gpreferably is constructed of great .circle windings of fiber glass impregnated with a standard epoxy resin, and the windings aresubstantially uniformly distributed lay causing the machine to wind a predetermined pattern. The outer shell when cured and dry consists of about fiberglass and about 20% resin.
- In accordance with the present invention, an envelope of a resinous coating or coveringis applied in a manner to completely enclosethe outer shell 16. Thisjcan be accomplished by applying andadhering a resinous coating 22 on the outer wall of the inner, shell 10 and the necks 18 of the fittings, and at least partially curing the coating to harden the same so that the initial convolutions of the winding will not cut through the coating 22. After the outer shell 16 has been wound onto the inner shell 10 and cured to dry the same, a resinous coating 24 similar to the coating 22 is applied and adhered to the outer shell 16 and the necks 18, whereby the outer shell is now completely enclosed by the resinous coating at the inner wall, the outer wall and the openings 21 of the outer shell through which the necks 18 extend. The openings 21 are sealed by the coating 22 on the necks within the opening and by the coating 24 at the outer portion of the openings whereby moisture cannot get between the inner wall of the outer shell and the outer wall of the inner shell through the openings 21. Preferably, the envelope has a minimum wall thickness of 0.020 inch.
It has been found that the containers of the type disclosed herein can be produced in accordance with the present invention which have a longer service life at high temperature and humidity conditions than those heretofore produced and tested at lower temperature and humidity conditions by using a modified epoxy resin as the coating which provides the envelope.
This modified epoxy resin comprises between 45% and 55% of standard epoxy resin and between 55% and 45% of a so called flexible epoxy resin which contains a curing agent.
The standard epoxy resin is known as Epon 828 and is produced by Shell Chemical Corporation. This resin has the following properties:
Epoxy value, equivalent/ gms 0.180-0.195
Viscosity at 77 F. cps 100-160 Gardner color 5 Density at 68 F 1.156
The flexible epoxy resin is known as Epon X-71 and is also produced by Shell Chemical Corporation. This resin has the following properties:
Epoxy value, equivalent/100 gms. 0250-0256 Viscosity at 77 F. cps 400-600 Gardner color 10-11 Density at 68 F 0.987
form opening s through which moisture and/ or oil could enter. a
From the foregoing description, it will be seen that the present invention provides an improved resin impregnated fiber glass container which can be produced in a Simple, practical and economical manner.
pressure comprising an inner shelLopposed fittings secured to'said inner-shell each having a neck with at least one of said necks being formed with a port for entry and dischargeof fluid medium, an'outer' shell consisting of a cured winding of 'resin' impregnated yarn completely enclosing said inner shell and' surrounding a portion of said necks, and an envelopeadhered to and completely enclosing said outer shell includingtlieinner and outer Walls thereof and the portions surrounding said necks and being adhered to said outer and inner shells and to said necks,
said envelope consisting of a. layer of resinous material characterized in that within the temperature range of minus 65 F. to plus 200 F. the resin is oil and abrasion resistant, is highly adhesive, has low moisture perme ability and has an elongation of at least 15%.
2. A container according to claim 1, wherein said envelope has a minimum Wall thickness of about 0.020 inch.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED 'STATES PATENTS 1,381,567 Kuttner June 14, 1921 1,606,393 Apple Nov. 9,1926 1,672,904 Randall June 12,1928 744,04 R m May 19 2,809,762 Qardonia oct. 15, 1957 2,827,195 Kearns Mar. 18,1958 2,945,693 Way July 19, 1 960 2,991,808 Siegmann et al July 11, 1961 3,047,191 Young July 31, 1962 3,057,509 Bernd Oct. 9, 1962

Claims (1)

1. A CONTAINER FOR STORING FLUID MEDIUM UNDER HIGH PRESSURE COMPRISING AN INNER SHELL, OPPOSED FITTINGS SECURED TO SAID INNER SHELL EACH HAVING A NECK WITH AT LEAST ONE OF SAID NECKS BEING FORMED WITH A PORT FOR ENTRY AND DISCHARGE OF FLUID MEDIUM, AN OUTER SHELL CONSISTING OF A CURED WINDING OF RESIN IMPREGNATED YARN COMPLETELY ENCLOSING SAID INNER SHELL AND SURROUNDING A PORTION OF SAID NECKS, AND AN ENVELOPE ADHERED TO AND COMPLETELY ENCLOSING SAID OUTER SHELL INCLUDING THE INNER AND OUTER WALLS THEREOF AND THE PORTIONS SURROUNDING SAID NECKS AND BEING ADHERED TO SAID OUTER AND INNER SHELLS AND TO SAID NECKS, SAID ENVELOPE CONSISTING OF A LAYER OF RESINOUS MATERIAL CHARACTERIZED IN THAT WITHIN THE TEMPERATURE RANGE OF MINUS 65*F. TO PLUS 200*F. THE RESIN IS OIL AND ABRASION RESISTANT, IS HIGHLY ADHESIVE, HAS LOW MOISTURE PERMEABILITY AND HAS AN ELONGATION OF AT LEAST 15%.
US126638A 1961-07-25 1961-07-25 Container for storing fluid medium under high pressure Expired - Lifetime US3132761A (en)

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Cited By (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3266660A (en) * 1963-05-24 1966-08-16 Metal Container Ltd Filament wound vessel
US3298560A (en) * 1963-05-20 1967-01-17 Standard Oil Co Piping attachment means for plastic vessels
US3334780A (en) * 1963-05-24 1967-08-08 Metal Containers Ltd Pressure fluid container
US3446385A (en) * 1966-08-05 1969-05-27 Koppers Co Inc Filament wound reinforced pressure vessel
US3472420A (en) * 1967-06-02 1969-10-14 Union Tank Car Co Safety vent structure
US3512676A (en) * 1967-08-07 1970-05-19 Wsr Inc Container end structure
US3738527A (en) * 1970-11-18 1973-06-12 J Townsend Method of manufacturing and liner for liquid storage tank
US3840139A (en) * 1969-08-25 1974-10-08 Amalga Corp Pressure vessel having a sealed port
US3907149A (en) * 1971-10-26 1975-09-23 Amalga Corp Pressure vessel having a sealed port
US4313400A (en) * 1979-06-08 1982-02-02 Amtrol Inc. Lined metal tank with heat shield, indirect fired water heater and method of making same
US4360116A (en) * 1980-12-08 1982-11-23 Brunswick Corporation Partially split external barrier for composite structures
US4505334A (en) * 1983-09-06 1985-03-19 Oil States Industries, Inc. Ball sealer
US4705468A (en) * 1985-11-18 1987-11-10 Essef Corporation Apparatus for rotationally casting a plastic tank liner having an access fitting
US5012950A (en) * 1988-04-30 1991-05-07 Holger Knappe Plastic container for liquids or gases
US5253778A (en) * 1992-01-28 1993-10-19 Edo Canada Ltd. Fluid pressure vessel boss-liner attachment system
US5287988A (en) * 1993-02-03 1994-02-22 Brunswick Corporation Metal-lined pressure vessel
US5494188A (en) * 1992-01-28 1996-02-27 Edo Canada Ltd. Fluid pressure vessel boss-liner attachment system with liner/exterior mechanism direct coupling
US5819978A (en) * 1997-04-24 1998-10-13 Essef Corporation Two piece composite inlet
US20020175168A1 (en) * 2001-05-18 2002-11-28 Jack Gauthier Process for the production of a high pressure vessel particularly for a space engine and vessel obtained therby
US20080063314A1 (en) * 2006-08-31 2008-03-13 Chris Olson Non-rigid inflatable gas storage apparatus
JP2010096228A (en) * 2008-10-15 2010-04-30 Toyota Motor Corp Tank, and method of manufacturing the same
US20120037641A1 (en) * 2009-02-18 2012-02-16 Hexagon Technology As Pressure Vessel Shear Resistant Boss and Shell Interface Element
US8881932B1 (en) * 2013-06-25 2014-11-11 Quantum Fuel Systems Technology Worldwide, Inc. Adapterless closure assembly for composite pressure vessels

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1381567A (en) * 1917-06-30 1921-06-14 Kuttner Ernst Wolfgang Method of manufacturing electric coils
US1606393A (en) * 1920-08-20 1926-11-09 Vincent G Apple Method of insulating electric coils
US1672904A (en) * 1925-04-25 1928-06-12 Frank L Randall Container for storing and shipping
US2744043A (en) * 1950-01-23 1956-05-01 Fels & Company Method of producing pressure containers for fluids
US2809762A (en) * 1953-09-25 1957-10-15 Fairchild Engine & Airplane Pressure vessel
US2827195A (en) * 1954-07-07 1958-03-18 Thomas F Kearns Container for high pressure fluids
US2945693A (en) * 1957-06-03 1960-07-19 Voit Rubber Corp Reinforced ball
US2991808A (en) * 1958-03-17 1961-07-11 Chemfab Corp Reinforced articles and method of making
US3047191A (en) * 1957-11-26 1962-07-31 Hercules Powder Co Ltd Filament wound vessels and methods for forming same
US3057509A (en) * 1960-02-11 1962-10-09 Brunswick Corp Pressure vessel bladder

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1381567A (en) * 1917-06-30 1921-06-14 Kuttner Ernst Wolfgang Method of manufacturing electric coils
US1606393A (en) * 1920-08-20 1926-11-09 Vincent G Apple Method of insulating electric coils
US1672904A (en) * 1925-04-25 1928-06-12 Frank L Randall Container for storing and shipping
US2744043A (en) * 1950-01-23 1956-05-01 Fels & Company Method of producing pressure containers for fluids
US2809762A (en) * 1953-09-25 1957-10-15 Fairchild Engine & Airplane Pressure vessel
US2827195A (en) * 1954-07-07 1958-03-18 Thomas F Kearns Container for high pressure fluids
US2945693A (en) * 1957-06-03 1960-07-19 Voit Rubber Corp Reinforced ball
US3047191A (en) * 1957-11-26 1962-07-31 Hercules Powder Co Ltd Filament wound vessels and methods for forming same
US2991808A (en) * 1958-03-17 1961-07-11 Chemfab Corp Reinforced articles and method of making
US3057509A (en) * 1960-02-11 1962-10-09 Brunswick Corp Pressure vessel bladder

Cited By (27)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3298560A (en) * 1963-05-20 1967-01-17 Standard Oil Co Piping attachment means for plastic vessels
US3266660A (en) * 1963-05-24 1966-08-16 Metal Container Ltd Filament wound vessel
US3334780A (en) * 1963-05-24 1967-08-08 Metal Containers Ltd Pressure fluid container
US3446385A (en) * 1966-08-05 1969-05-27 Koppers Co Inc Filament wound reinforced pressure vessel
US3472420A (en) * 1967-06-02 1969-10-14 Union Tank Car Co Safety vent structure
US3512676A (en) * 1967-08-07 1970-05-19 Wsr Inc Container end structure
US3840139A (en) * 1969-08-25 1974-10-08 Amalga Corp Pressure vessel having a sealed port
US3738527A (en) * 1970-11-18 1973-06-12 J Townsend Method of manufacturing and liner for liquid storage tank
US3907149A (en) * 1971-10-26 1975-09-23 Amalga Corp Pressure vessel having a sealed port
US4313400A (en) * 1979-06-08 1982-02-02 Amtrol Inc. Lined metal tank with heat shield, indirect fired water heater and method of making same
US4360116A (en) * 1980-12-08 1982-11-23 Brunswick Corporation Partially split external barrier for composite structures
US4505334A (en) * 1983-09-06 1985-03-19 Oil States Industries, Inc. Ball sealer
US4705468A (en) * 1985-11-18 1987-11-10 Essef Corporation Apparatus for rotationally casting a plastic tank liner having an access fitting
US5012950A (en) * 1988-04-30 1991-05-07 Holger Knappe Plastic container for liquids or gases
US5253778A (en) * 1992-01-28 1993-10-19 Edo Canada Ltd. Fluid pressure vessel boss-liner attachment system
US5494188A (en) * 1992-01-28 1996-02-27 Edo Canada Ltd. Fluid pressure vessel boss-liner attachment system with liner/exterior mechanism direct coupling
US5287988A (en) * 1993-02-03 1994-02-22 Brunswick Corporation Metal-lined pressure vessel
US5819978A (en) * 1997-04-24 1998-10-13 Essef Corporation Two piece composite inlet
US6962672B2 (en) * 2001-05-18 2005-11-08 Eads Launch Vehicles Process for the production of a high pressure vessel particularly for a space engine and vessel obtained therby
US20020175168A1 (en) * 2001-05-18 2002-11-28 Jack Gauthier Process for the production of a high pressure vessel particularly for a space engine and vessel obtained therby
US20060065663A1 (en) * 2001-05-18 2006-03-30 Eads Launch Vehicles High pressure vessel
US20080063314A1 (en) * 2006-08-31 2008-03-13 Chris Olson Non-rigid inflatable gas storage apparatus
JP2010096228A (en) * 2008-10-15 2010-04-30 Toyota Motor Corp Tank, and method of manufacturing the same
US20120037641A1 (en) * 2009-02-18 2012-02-16 Hexagon Technology As Pressure Vessel Shear Resistant Boss and Shell Interface Element
US8668108B2 (en) * 2009-02-18 2014-03-11 Brian Yeggy Pressure vessel shear resistant boss and shell interface element
US8881932B1 (en) * 2013-06-25 2014-11-11 Quantum Fuel Systems Technology Worldwide, Inc. Adapterless closure assembly for composite pressure vessels
US9568150B2 (en) 2013-06-25 2017-02-14 Quantum Fuel Systems Llc Method of fabricating a pressurized-gas storage assembly

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