US3109917A - Hard facing - Google Patents

Hard facing Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3109917A
US3109917A US21083A US2108360A US3109917A US 3109917 A US3109917 A US 3109917A US 21083 A US21083 A US 21083A US 2108360 A US2108360 A US 2108360A US 3109917 A US3109917 A US 3109917A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
alloy
chromium
hard
nickel
hard facing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US21083A
Inventor
Schmidt Alfred
Nonninger Erich
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Gebrueder Boehler and Co AG
Original Assignee
Gebrueder Boehler and Co AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gebrueder Boehler and Co AG filed Critical Gebrueder Boehler and Co AG
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3109917A publication Critical patent/US3109917A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C29/00Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
    • C22C29/02Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides
    • C22C29/06Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds
    • C22C29/067Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds comprising a particular metallic binder
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/24Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
    • B23K35/32Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at more than 1550 degrees C
    • B23K35/327Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at more than 1550 degrees C comprising refractory compounds, e.g. carbides
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12014All metal or with adjacent metals having metal particles
    • Y10T428/12028Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12049Nonmetal component

Definitions

  • cemented carbides can be welded in inert-gas-atmosphere either with or without admixes of auxiliary metals; this process has proved especially successful in bu-ilt-up-welding for making tools with cutting-edges. In this process also rods, containing cemented-carbides can be used as admixes.
  • this method only could be applied for relatively small surfaces, :i.e. surfaces of but a few square-cm., armor-platings on greater surfaces being sensible towards crack-formation and being likely to chip off if exposed to impact-stresses.
  • This invention deals with an improvement of that wellknown process, enabling armor-plating of greater surfaces, especially of round pieces entirely homogeneously, without any crack-formation involved.
  • the auxiliary metal used for preparing *admixes of sintered-carbides is very important.
  • the auxiliary metal used for those admixes is supposed to contain 5100% Ni, 0-95% Fe and/or 030% Cr.
  • this invention relates to a process of preparing hard and wear-resistant surfaces by built-up-arc-welding in inert gas-atmospheres, whereas admixes of sintered carbides are used, which primarily consists of tungstencarbides which may be combined with other cemented carbides and of 5-30% auxiliary metal; this process is characterized by the fact, that the auxiliary metal used for armor-plating great surfaces, which are sensible to wards crack-formation, especially for armor-plating round pieces, consists of 5100% Ni, 0-95% Fe and/or 030% Cr, besides unavoidable impurities.
  • tungsten-carbide which is supposed to be the main component, its percentage being supposed to exceed 50%
  • carbides of molybdenum, chromium, tantalum, niobium, titanium, zirconium and similar can also be used.
  • the auxiliary metal either can be pure nickel-powder or nickel-powder mixed with powdered iron or chromium; this auxiliary metal is added to the powdered mixture, which is to be sintered and to be pressed for preparing the admix.
  • Powdered austenitic Cr-Ni-steel also can be applied as auxiliary metal.
  • Admixes preferably are made in the usual manner: the powdered mixture, consisting of cemented carbides and binding-metal is mixed with an organic binding-agreant, such as synthetic resin; this mixture is extruded to rods, which subsequently are sintered at temperatures ranging between 900 and 1300 C.
  • admixes as suggested by this invention are used for welding in inert atmospheres, hardnesses ranging between 64 and 67 Rockwell-units are achieved.
  • the favourable effect of binding-metals added to those admixes evidently is due to formation of a viscous transition-Zone between the admix and the basic material. This enables continuous building up of thicker layers without any crack-formation involved during argon arc-welding. Those layers can have thicknesses ranging between 4 and 6 mm. It is also possible to apply several layers by built-up-welding without any crack-formation involved.
  • a process of hard facing by shielded arc welding employing a hard facing sintered rod produced by molding and sintering at a temperature of 900-1300 C. an admixture of powdered materials comprising a major portion of hard metal carbides and 5% to 30% of a cobalt free alloy consisting essentially of a metal selected from the group consisting of nickel, iron and chromium and mixtures thereof, at least 5% nickel being present in the alloy and less than 30% chromium being present in the alloy and an organic synthetic resin as a binding agent.

Description

United States Patent 3,109,917 HARD FACENG Alfred Schmidt and Erich Nonninger, Kapfenberg, Styria,
Austria, asslgnors to Gebr. Bohler Co. Alrtiengeselh scbar't, Vienna, Austria No Drawing. Filed Apr. 11, 1960, tier. No. 21,12553 Claims priority, application Austria Apr. 18, 1959 2 Claims. (Cl. 219-76) it has been wellknown, that cemented carbides can be welded in inert-gas-atmosphere either with or without admixes of auxiliary metals; this process has proved especially successful in bu-ilt-up-welding for making tools with cutting-edges. In this process also rods, containing cemented-carbides can be used as admixes.
As far as preparing of wear-resistant surfaces is concerned, this method only could be applied for relatively small surfaces, :i.e. surfaces of but a few square-cm., armor-platings on greater surfaces being sensible towards crack-formation and being likely to chip off if exposed to impact-stresses.
This invention deals with an improvement of that wellknown process, enabling armor-plating of greater surfaces, especially of round pieces entirely homogeneously, without any crack-formation involved.
Experiments have shown, that the auxiliary metal used for preparing *admixes of sintered-carbides is very important. The auxiliary metal used for those admixes is supposed to contain 5100% Ni, 0-95% Fe and/or 030% Cr.
Thus this invention relates to a process of preparing hard and wear-resistant surfaces by built-up-arc-welding in inert gas-atmospheres, whereas admixes of sintered carbides are used, which primarily consists of tungstencarbides which may be combined with other cemented carbides and of 5-30% auxiliary metal; this process is characterized by the fact, that the auxiliary metal used for armor-plating great surfaces, which are sensible to wards crack-formation, especially for armor-plating round pieces, consists of 5100% Ni, 0-95% Fe and/or 030% Cr, besides unavoidable impurities.
lBesides tungsten-carbide, which is supposed to be the main component, its percentage being supposed to exceed 50%, carbides of molybdenum, chromium, tantalum, niobium, titanium, zirconium and similar can also be used.
The auxiliary metal either can be pure nickel-powder or nickel-powder mixed with powdered iron or chromium; this auxiliary metal is added to the powdered mixture, which is to be sintered and to be pressed for preparing the admix.
Powdered austenitic Cr-Ni-steel, however, also can be applied as auxiliary metal.
Admixes preferably are made in the usual manner: the powdered mixture, consisting of cemented carbides and binding-metal is mixed with an organic binding-agreant, such as synthetic resin; this mixture is extruded to rods, which subsequently are sintered at temperatures ranging between 900 and 1300 C.
Welding-rods consisting of 85% WC and 15% Ni for 3, l 00,9 i Patented Nov. 5, l 963 ice instance have been used for armor-plating rings for wirerod-guides according to the process suggested by this invention. No wear could be observed on those rings after 478 hours running-time. However rings, armorplated with hardened punching-tool-steel, containing 13% chromium and 2% carbon already have become completely worn out and therefore unable for use, after 334 hours if exposed to the same amount of stress.
it cobalt and/or iron are used as binding-metals the resistance towards wear will be presumably reduced by at least 20% under comparable conditions.
If admixes as suggested by this invention are used for welding in inert atmospheres, hardnesses ranging between 64 and 67 Rockwell-units are achieved. The favourable effect of binding-metals added to those admixes evidently is due to formation of a viscous transition-Zone between the admix and the basic material. This enables continuous building up of thicker layers without any crack-formation involved during argon arc-welding. Those layers can have thicknesses ranging between 4 and 6 mm. It is also possible to apply several layers by built-up-welding without any crack-formation involved.
Those admixes as specified by the invention besides have proved especially advantageous owing to the fact, that in argon-arc -welding hardnesses ranging between 64 and 67 RC immediately can be achieved, whereas hardnesses of about 52 RC only are achieved, with the same weldingprocess, if sintered carbides, such as WC is used with Co and/ or F e as binding-metal.
What we claim is:
1. A process of hard facing by shielded arc welding employing a hard facing sintered rod produced by molding and sintering at a temperature of 900-1300 C. an admixture of powdered materials comprising a major portion of hard metal carbides and 5% to 30% of a cobalt free alloy consisting essentially of a metal selected from the group consisting of nickel, iron and chromium and mixtures thereof, at least 5% nickel being present in the alloy and less than 30% chromium being present in the alloy and an organic synthetic resin as a binding agent.
2. The process of claim 1 wherein the hard metal carbide is tungsten carbide.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATEb TS 1,721,416 Schroter July 16, 1929 1,977,361 laylor et al Oct. 16, 1934 2,002,198 Wissler May 21, 1935 2,067,166 Ealke June 12, 1937 2,137,471 Zublin Nov. 22, 1938 2,219,462 Wissler Oct. 29, 1940 2,507,195 Colbeck et al May 9, 1950 2,847,555 Yenni Aug. 12, 1958 2,982,845 Yenni et a]. May 2, 1961 2,998,922 Gibson Sept. 5, 1961 FOREIGN PATENTS 395,721 Great Britain July 7, 1933 592,214 Canada Feb. 9, 1960 732,440 Great Britain June 22, 1955

Claims (1)

1. A PROCESS OF HARD FACING BY SHIELDED ARC WELDING EMPLOYING A HARD FACING SINTERED ROD PRODUCED BY MOLDING AND SINTERING AT A TEMPERATURE OF 900-1300*C. AN ADMIXTURE OF POWDERED MATERIALS COMPRISING A MAJOR PORTION OF HARD METAL CARBIDES AND 5% TO 30% OF A COBALT FREE ALLOY CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF A METAL SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF NICKEL, IRON AND CHROMIUM AND MIXTURES THEREOF, AT LEAST 5% NICKEL BEING PRESENT INTHE ALLOY AND LESS THAN 30% CHROMIUM BEING PRESENT IN THE ALLOY AND AN ORGANIC SYNTHETIC RESIN AS A BINDING AGENT.
US21083A 1959-04-18 1960-04-11 Hard facing Expired - Lifetime US3109917A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT293759A AT217818B (en) 1959-04-18 1959-04-18 Process for the production of hard and wear-resistant surfaces by build-up welding

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3109917A true US3109917A (en) 1963-11-05

Family

ID=3542667

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US21083A Expired - Lifetime US3109917A (en) 1959-04-18 1960-04-11 Hard facing

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3109917A (en)
AT (1) AT217818B (en)
CH (1) CH424434A (en)
DE (1) DE1242984B (en)
GB (1) GB904652A (en)

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3179787A (en) * 1962-03-29 1965-04-20 Eutectic Welding Alloys Carbide welding rod
US3215510A (en) * 1963-10-02 1965-11-02 Gen Electric Alloy
US3260579A (en) * 1962-02-14 1966-07-12 Hughes Tool Co Hardfacing structure
US3859057A (en) * 1970-03-16 1975-01-07 Kennametal Inc Hardfacing material and deposits containing tungsten titanium carbide solid solution
US4055742A (en) * 1974-05-21 1977-10-25 Union Carbide Corporation Hard facing rod
US4161207A (en) * 1976-05-28 1979-07-17 Eutectic Corporation Production of carbide laden consumables in a graphite mold
US4312894A (en) * 1974-05-21 1982-01-26 Union Carbide Corporation Hard facing of metal substrates
US4443255A (en) * 1980-06-13 1984-04-17 Union Carbide Corporation Hard facing of metal substrates
US4650722A (en) * 1980-06-13 1987-03-17 Union Carbide Corporation Hard faced article
EP0349172A1 (en) * 1988-06-29 1990-01-03 Smith International, Inc. Hard facing
US5051112A (en) * 1988-06-29 1991-09-24 Smith International, Inc. Hard facing
US5250355A (en) * 1991-12-17 1993-10-05 Kennametal Inc. Arc hardfacing rod
US20100112374A1 (en) * 2007-04-20 2010-05-06 Durum Verschleiss-Schutz Gmbh Material and method for coating a surface

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3511220A1 (en) * 1985-03-28 1986-10-09 Fried. Krupp Gmbh, 4300 Essen HARD METAL AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF

Citations (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1721416A (en) * 1925-05-07 1929-07-16 Gen Electric Hard-metal composition
GB395721A (en) * 1931-11-16 1933-07-17 Molybdenum Co Nv An improved material for tool or tool parts
US1977361A (en) * 1933-02-16 1934-10-16 Taylor Clifton Method of preparing and composition of rods of hard facing material
US2002198A (en) * 1931-11-19 1935-05-21 Haynes Stellite Co Surface hardening metal articles
US2067166A (en) * 1933-03-06 1937-01-12 Ramet Corp Tantalum carbide alloy
US2137471A (en) * 1937-12-10 1938-11-22 John A Zublin Composite welding rod
US2219462A (en) * 1938-03-11 1940-10-29 Haynes Stellite Co Welding rod
US2507195A (en) * 1948-02-20 1950-05-09 Hadfields Ltd Composite surfacing weld rod
GB732440A (en) * 1951-01-31 1955-06-22 Titanium Products Ltd Improvements in or relating to sintered hard carbide products
US2847555A (en) * 1955-10-11 1958-08-12 Union Carbide Corp High pressure arc process and apparatus
CA592214A (en) * 1960-02-09 Titanium Products Corporation Limited Process for the manufacture of hard metal carbide products
US2982845A (en) * 1958-07-11 1961-05-02 Union Carbide Corp Electric arc spraying
US2998922A (en) * 1958-09-11 1961-09-05 Air Reduction Metal spraying

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE6690C (en) * H. G. IPSEN, Mechaniker, in Copenhagen (Dänemark) Glide wheels
AT191693B (en) * 1953-04-28 1957-09-10 Boehler & Co Ag Geb Sintered welding electrode, process for its manufacture and use of this electrode
AT182278B (en) * 1954-06-16 1955-06-10 Boehler & Co Ag Geb Welding electrode

Patent Citations (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA592214A (en) * 1960-02-09 Titanium Products Corporation Limited Process for the manufacture of hard metal carbide products
US1721416A (en) * 1925-05-07 1929-07-16 Gen Electric Hard-metal composition
GB395721A (en) * 1931-11-16 1933-07-17 Molybdenum Co Nv An improved material for tool or tool parts
US2002198A (en) * 1931-11-19 1935-05-21 Haynes Stellite Co Surface hardening metal articles
US1977361A (en) * 1933-02-16 1934-10-16 Taylor Clifton Method of preparing and composition of rods of hard facing material
US2067166A (en) * 1933-03-06 1937-01-12 Ramet Corp Tantalum carbide alloy
US2137471A (en) * 1937-12-10 1938-11-22 John A Zublin Composite welding rod
US2219462A (en) * 1938-03-11 1940-10-29 Haynes Stellite Co Welding rod
US2507195A (en) * 1948-02-20 1950-05-09 Hadfields Ltd Composite surfacing weld rod
GB732440A (en) * 1951-01-31 1955-06-22 Titanium Products Ltd Improvements in or relating to sintered hard carbide products
US2847555A (en) * 1955-10-11 1958-08-12 Union Carbide Corp High pressure arc process and apparatus
US2982845A (en) * 1958-07-11 1961-05-02 Union Carbide Corp Electric arc spraying
US2998922A (en) * 1958-09-11 1961-09-05 Air Reduction Metal spraying

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3260579A (en) * 1962-02-14 1966-07-12 Hughes Tool Co Hardfacing structure
US3179787A (en) * 1962-03-29 1965-04-20 Eutectic Welding Alloys Carbide welding rod
US3215510A (en) * 1963-10-02 1965-11-02 Gen Electric Alloy
US3859057A (en) * 1970-03-16 1975-01-07 Kennametal Inc Hardfacing material and deposits containing tungsten titanium carbide solid solution
US4312894A (en) * 1974-05-21 1982-01-26 Union Carbide Corporation Hard facing of metal substrates
US4055742A (en) * 1974-05-21 1977-10-25 Union Carbide Corporation Hard facing rod
US4161207A (en) * 1976-05-28 1979-07-17 Eutectic Corporation Production of carbide laden consumables in a graphite mold
US4443255A (en) * 1980-06-13 1984-04-17 Union Carbide Corporation Hard facing of metal substrates
US4650722A (en) * 1980-06-13 1987-03-17 Union Carbide Corporation Hard faced article
EP0349172A1 (en) * 1988-06-29 1990-01-03 Smith International, Inc. Hard facing
US5051112A (en) * 1988-06-29 1991-09-24 Smith International, Inc. Hard facing
US5250355A (en) * 1991-12-17 1993-10-05 Kennametal Inc. Arc hardfacing rod
US20100112374A1 (en) * 2007-04-20 2010-05-06 Durum Verschleiss-Schutz Gmbh Material and method for coating a surface

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AT217818B (en) 1961-10-25
CH424434A (en) 1966-11-15
DE1242984B (en) 1967-06-22
GB904652A (en) 1962-08-29

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3109917A (en) Hard facing
US4411672A (en) Method for producing composite of diamond and cemented tungsten carbide
US1999888A (en) Weldrod
US2607676A (en) Hard metal compositions
US4120719A (en) Cemented carbonitride alloys containing tantalum
DE2802999A1 (en) ABRASIVE BODY WITH METALLICALLY BONDED GRINDING PARTICLES AND METHOD FOR THEIR PRODUCTION
US2108797A (en) Method of producing hard cemented carbide composites
US1992372A (en) Hard metal alloy
US2040592A (en) Sintered hard metal alloy for tools and similar articles
US1913100A (en) Method of making hard alloys
US2124020A (en) Metal alloy
US1910532A (en) Hard metal
US2107122A (en) Composition of matter
US2279003A (en) Hard facing material and method of making the same
US3301673A (en) Liquid phase sintering process
US2246166A (en) Sintered hard-metal alloy for implements and tools
US2986807A (en) Metal bonded refractory
US2051972A (en) Process of producing sintered hard metal alloys
US2015536A (en) Sintered hard metal alloy
US2167516A (en) Sintered hard metal composition
US2471931A (en) Welding electrode for hard facing
JPH05269812A (en) Composite cylinder for high-temperature and high-pressure molding
US2026958A (en) Sintered hard metallic alloy
US1848899A (en) mckenna
US3725055A (en) Carbide-metal composites