US310124A - L dayidoff - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2; A. DAVIDOPF.

ELECTRIC ARC LAMP. v No. 310,124. Patented Dec. 30,1884.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ALEXIS DAVIDOFF, OF ST. PETERSBURG, RUSSIA, ASSIGNOB TO THEODORE BASILEVSKY, OF SAME PLACE.

ELECTRIC-ARC LAM P.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 310,12 dated December 30, 1884.

Application filed April14, 1884. (No model.) Patented in England March 17, 1884, No. 5,026; in France March 18, 1884,1\*o.161,027,- in Belgium March 26, 1884, No..6-l,641,- in Italy June 30, 1884, XVIII, 10,700, and in Austria-Hungary August 29, 1884, No.

11,734 and No. 39,086.

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALnxIs Dnvrnorr, of St. Petersburg, Russia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Electric-Arc Lamps, of which the following is a specification.

This invention has for its object to simplify the construction of electric-arc lamps, and to produce a more constant light therefrom.

The accompanying drawings show the construction of the lamp. Figure 1 shows a vertical section of the same on line 1 2, Fig. 2. Fig. 2 shows a plan of the lamp, the cover being removed. Fig. 3 shows an end view of the circuit-closerin the raised position. Fig. 4 shows an end view of the same in the lowered or reversed position.

For the sake of clearness, Fig. 1 shows only one pair of the five pairs of carbons shown in Fig. 2,with the parts belonging thereto. The number of these carbon pairs can be varied.

Similar parts are indicated by similar letters of reference.

A is the cover or casing inclosing the mech anism of the lamp. B is the base-plate, of marble, porcelain, &c., on which are fixed the insulated metal parts of the lamp. 0 are uprights,which serve, among other purposes, as holders for the outer stationary carbons, a. D are circuit-closers capable of moving to and fro on pivots I) on the uprights O, and having at their upper ends forks c, the hooked ends of which carry short thin pieces of wire (i, which, in bearing against the lower ends of the carbons, hold the circuit-closers in the position shown. E and E are brackets earrying contact-pieces e and 0, Figs. 2, 3, and 4, which are pressed by means of springs f against the broad ends 9 of the circuitcloser, that moves with some friction between them. it are springs that, when the wire stops (1 are burned through, throw the circuitclosers D back into their lowest position. (Shown in dotted lines at Fig. 1.) F are uprights carrying the carbon-holders G of the inner earbons, L, such holders being capable of rocking on pivots Z are setting-screws which pass through the arms at of the carbon-holders, and

sulated from the circuit-closers D.

serve to regulate the inclination of the inner carbons,k,to the outer fixed carbons,c. a are uprights situated upon rods o,screwed into the arms at, and which serve as connterpoises to the carbon-holders G; H, the wire coils of the electro-magnet or solenoid; I, the iron core of the same, provided with a disk, p,- J, an upright carrying the axis q of a double-ended weighted lever, K, the outer end of which carries a movable weight, L, serving to balance the iron core I, which is suspended from the other end of the lever K by the pin 1'; M, a metal ring serving as base for all the uprights F, whereby these are all in electrical connection with each other, and to any point of which the one end,t,of the coil H is connected by a pinchingscrew, s, the other end of the coil, to, being connected by a nut, V, to the extension of the clamp N, for the one terminal of the circuit of the dynamo-electric machine, the other terminal of which is held by the clamp O, secured by the nut XV, so as to be in electrical connection with the bracket E. P are metal plates by which the brackets E and E are electrically connected. w is a notch in the disk 9 to enable the screws Z to be conveniently adjusted.

As shown in Figs. 8 and 4, the lower broader part, g, of the circuit-closers D has a piece of insulating material, 7 .2, let into it, and each of the screws R, Figs. 1 and 2, is in- In consequence whereof, when the circuit-closersDare in the raised position, 3, the electric current cannot pass from the brackets E to the brackets E; but when, owing to the burning of the wire stops (1, the circuit-closers are thrown into the lowest position, Fig. l, the part 9 establishes an electrical connection between the contact-pieces c and 0, thus enabling the current to pass from E to E.

The action of the lamp is as follows: Before the lamp is lighted all the circuit-closers D are in the raised position, being held by the wire stops (Z in electrical contact with the holders 0 of the outer carbons, a. The core I, with its disk p, is also in the raised position, so that the upper ends of the carbons a and 7,: are in contact. In lighting the lamp the electric current entering through the clamp 0 passes through the bracket E, Fig. 2, contact 0, and circuit-closer D, to the socket G of the first outer carbon, (1. It then passes through the upper ends of the carbons into the inner carbon, 7.:, thence through the upright F, Fig. 1, ring M, and the pinching-screw 8 into the wire tof the coil or solenoid II, from which i tancc between the points of the carbons a and k is exceedingly small, the electric spark passing across heats the air situated between them and increases its conductivity; but as soon as the current passing through the coil increases, and the core I is consequently drawn farther into the coil, the carbon points a and 7.? are moved farther apart, thereby producing the 1 1 hon-holders G for the inner carbons, 7.7, balvoltaic are.

As before stated, the extent of the inclination of the inner pivoted carbons, 7., to the outer fixed carbons, a, and conseqiiiently the amount of light given by the lamp, can be 1 regulated by the screws Z.

corresponds exactly with all phases of the development of the voltaic are. Great uniformity of the light produced is effected by the perfect balancing of the carbon-holders G, in consequence whereof the iron core I and disk p are enabled to move the inner carbons,

The movement of l the carbons a and 7.: to and from each other i 7:, to and from the outer carbons, a, with a very sensitive action, in accordance with the influence of the electric current; also, by the balancing of the core I by means of the weighted lever K, any sudden or jerky motion of the core, and consequently of the carbons, is 1 magnet and a series of pairs of fixed and movduccs such an unpleasant effect in most lamps effectually prevented, which jerky action proof present construction.

have burned down to the point where the wire D will be thrown back by the spring it into the position shown in dotted lines inI ig. 1.

The electric current then passes from the bracket 1 into the bracket hi g. 2, an d thence through the metal plate I to the bracket 1* and 'When the carbons 1 socket O ofthe outer carbon of the next pair, whereupon this pair of carbons is brought into action in the same manner as above described, their outer ends having been previously brought into contact by the momentary weakening ot' the current passing through the lamp. On the burning down of the second pair of carbons the circuit-closer of this pair is also thrown back, and in establishing the electrical contact with the bracket E of the next pair immediately causes these to be brought into action, and so on, until the circuit-closer of the last pairof carbons conducts the current direct to the clamp N. Thus it is only after all the carbons are consumed that the lamp is extinguished and cut out of the circuit.

I claim- 1. In an electric-arc lamp, the combination of the fixed carbon-holder O, and rocking carbon-holder G with a solenoid and its core I, acting on said rocking holder, and a counterweighted lever, K, supporting the said solenoid core, substantially as set forth.

2. In electric-arc lamps, the combination of the iron core l of the electro-magnet or solenoid with the disk 1), acting upon the arms in of the rocking carbon-holders G of the inner carbons, 7;, for the purpose of moving these away from the outer fixed carbons, a.

3. .ln electric-arc lamps, the rocking caranced by means of weights at on the arms m, and electrically connected by their uprights F, and the ring M, carryingthe same, with the one end, 1, of the coil of the electro-magnet or solenoid.

1-. In clectric-arc lamps, the automatic circuit-closers D, rocking on horizontal axes, in combination, 011 the one hand, with the uprights C of the carbon-holders of the outer fixed carbons, a, and with the springs h, and, on the other hand, both with the brackets ll,

; which conduct the electric current to the outer carbons, a, as also with the brackets E, by means of which the electric current is conducted through the plate I from the one pair of carbons to the other, or direct to the clamp X, leading to the outer circuit.

5. In an electricarc lamp, a central electro name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ALEXIS DAVIDOFF.

\Vitnesses:

FREDERIC K. KA If r u, J'umus Hncumxo.

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