US309787A - Explosive compound - Google Patents
Explosive compound Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US309787A US309787A US309787DA US309787A US 309787 A US309787 A US 309787A US 309787D A US309787D A US 309787DA US 309787 A US309787 A US 309787A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- grains
- explosive
- proportion
- explosive compound
- dope
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 title description 20
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 14
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000000020 Nitrocellulose Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229940079938 Nitrocellulose Drugs 0.000 description 6
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 6
- FJWGYAHXMCUOOM-QHOUIDNNSA-N [(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-2-[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-4,5-dinitrooxy-2-(nitrooxymethyl)-6-[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-4,5,6-trinitrooxy-2-(nitrooxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-3,5-dinitrooxy-6-(nitrooxymethyl)oxan-4-yl] nitrate Chemical compound O([C@@H]1O[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H]1O[N+]([O-])=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@@H](CO[N+]([O-])=O)O1)O[N+]([O-])=O)CO[N+](=O)[O-])[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO[N+]([O-])=O)O[C@@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H]1O[N+]([O-])=O FJWGYAHXMCUOOM-QHOUIDNNSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229920001220 nitrocellulos Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 6
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- SNIOPGDIGTZGOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-propanetrioltrinitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)OCC(O[N+]([O-])=O)CO[N+]([O-])=O SNIOPGDIGTZGOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracen-1-ylmethanolate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C3C(C[O-])=CC=CC3=CC2=C1 RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003830 anthracite Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229960003711 glyceryl trinitrate Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 4
- QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Barium oxide Chemical compound [Ba]=O QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241001072332 Monia Species 0.000 description 2
- VKJKEPKFPUWCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chlorate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]Cl(=O)=O VKJKEPKFPUWCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004931 aggregating Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 2
- -1 anthracite coal Chemical compound 0.000 description 2
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001864 baryta Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011362 coarse particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000011837 pasties Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920000136 polysorbate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B45/00—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product
- C06B45/18—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product comprising a coated component
- C06B45/30—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product comprising a coated component the component base containing an inorganic explosive or an inorganic thermic component
- C06B45/32—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product comprising a coated component the component base containing an inorganic explosive or an inorganic thermic component the coating containing an organic compound
Definitions
- the invention relates to that class of explo- 'sives whose force is mainly derived from cheap solid ingredients, prepared in an inexpensive manner-such as nitrates of potash, soda, am monia,bar yta, lead,&c. 1nixed with aproper proportion of carbonaceous matter, and whose decomposition is brought on and hastened by a certain proportion of some comparatively expensive detonating or fulminating sub stance, which I will herein term the-detonate.
- the process described will result in the formation of grains of a desirable size for powder by aggregating, agglomerating, or cementing a number of the minute grains into one, thereby increasing the bull: and porousness of the mass, and materially facilitating explosion.
- the nitrate and carbon however, be more coarsely gronnd,this forination of. grains by aggregation will not take place to any considerable extent,but the grains will then separately receive the benefit of being thus enveloped and protected. Should any lumps remain after cooling, they may be readily broken up or added to the next'batch of material to be treated.
- Any other equivalent detonating or fulminatin g explosive may be substituted for nitro-cellulose, the proportions used being varied according'to its readiness to be detonated.
- a less quantity than I have named may be used, down to two or three per cent. ,but I prefer a little more for certainty of explosion; but there must be in all cases enough detonate to 'admitof its complete detonation by the cult nary exploder used in detonating the lower grades of nitro-glycerine powder. reason a larger proportion of the detonate be desired, it may be added at will provided a safe kind be used. As to the fulminates and certain mixtures containing chlorate of potash, it would be dangerous to add a large proportion.
- anyv IOO In the composition of the varnishing or coating substance for covering or enveloping the grains of the dope a great variety of substances may be used, and the application of them may be varied in a number of ways. What is specially required for my dope is that its grains shall be covered or enveloped by some coinbustible substance offering resistance to moisture, and also to the absorption of any liquid detonating explosive, provided such be used. Such combustible substance may be liquefied or made pasty by heat or by the application of some solvent or liquid that can be evaporated after mixing with the nitrate and carbon, and in this latter case it could be applied cold, though heat would facilitate the operation. Almost any of the hydrocarbons may be used. Sulphur alone would sufiice. In fact, there is a great variety of combustible substances that will answer for said coating, and can be substituted one for the other, and used either singly or-in combination. If carbon, like anthracite coal, not porous, be used,
- the dope consisting of amass of grains, each of which is enveloped by a coating of resinous or combustible matter, is measurably protected from dampness, and holds the detonate be tween these grains in such manner thatasmall quantity of it is' sufiicient to render its continuitythroughout the mass practically complete, and to insure a perfect detonation and the explosion of the entire compound.
- the explosive compound made by the mixture of nitro-cellulose or other equivalent detonating or fulminating substance or compound, with the. dope prepared, substantially as and for the purpose set forth;
Description
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
EGBERT JUDSON, OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA.
EXPLOSIVE COMPOUND.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 309,787, dated December 23, 1884.
Application filed August 5,18F2 (N0 specimens) To all whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, EGBERT JUDsoN, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city of San Francisco, State of California, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Explosives; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, which will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use it.
The invention relates to that class of explo- 'sives whose force is mainly derived from cheap solid ingredients, prepared in an inexpensive manner-such as nitrates of potash, soda, am monia,bar yta, lead,&c. 1nixed with aproper proportion of carbonaceous matter, and whose decomposition is brought on and hastened by a certain proportion of some comparatively expensive detonating or fulminating sub stance, which I will herein term the-detonate. In this class of powder it is important not only'that theingredients should bear a proper proportion to each other,and should be in afine state of division and thoroughly intermixed, but that, in order to facilitate the spread of the explosive influences, the mass should not be compact, but to a certain extent porous and permeable; and it is also of great agreater or less extent by a peculiar mode invented by me of preparing the cheap materials above mentioned,which mode I proceed to describe by giving one preferred formula and process, out of many which I can use, as follows: Take, by Weight, sulphur, fifteen parts; resin, three partsasphalt, two parts. and stir them weli together. Then take of nitrate of soda seventy-parts, and of anthracite coal ten parts, both being first well pulverized and dried and mixed together. Let these two latter ingredients, preferably when hot, be thoroughly mixed and stirred into the mixture-sulphu-r, resin, and asphaltwhile these latter are in a melted state,taking care that the temperature be not high enough to cause damgel of combustion. The entire mixture should Melt then be thoroughly and constantly stirred until. so cool that the grains cease to adhere to each other. This preparation I term the dope, and it will be found that each of its grains is now enveloped in a coating or covering of varnish composed, as above described, of the sulphur, asphalt, and resin. Moreover, if the nitrate and carbon be extremely fine or pulverulent, the process described will result in the formation of grains of a desirable size for powder by aggregating, agglomerating, or cementing a number of the minute grains into one, thereby increasing the bull: and porousness of the mass, and materially facilitating explosion. Should the nitrate and carbon, however, be more coarsely gronnd,this forination of. grains by aggregation will not take place to any considerable extent,but the grains will then separately receive the benefit of being thus enveloped and protected. Should any lumps remain after cooling, they may be readily broken up or added to the next'batch of material to be treated. v I complete the new explosive by now stirring and distributing, as evenly as possible throughout the mass of the dope, finely-comminuted nitro-cellulose in the proportion of four or five per cent. of its weight, and thus produce a cheap and useful explosive, suitable for all sorts of blasting in which a powder is needed of effective strength between that of common blasting-powder and the ordinary grades of high explosives.
The above formula and process may bewaried-in'many ways.
Any other equivalent detonating or fulminatin g explosive may be substituted for nitro-cellulose, the proportions used being varied according'to its readiness to be detonated.
A less quantity than I have named may be used, down to two or three per cent. ,but I prefer a little more for certainty of explosion; but there must be in all cases enough detonate to 'admitof its complete detonation by the cult nary exploder used in detonating the lower grades of nitro-glycerine powder. reason a larger proportion of the detonate be desired, it may be added at will provided a safe kind be used. As to the fulminates and certain mixtures containing chlorate of potash, it would be dangerous to add a large proportion.
. If for anyv IOO In the composition of the varnishing or coating substance for covering or enveloping the grains of the dopea great variety of substances may be used, and the application of them may be varied in a number of ways. What is specially required for my dope is that its grains shall be covered or enveloped by some coinbustible substance offering resistance to moisture, and also to the absorption of any liquid detonating explosive, provided such be used. Such combustible substance may be liquefied or made pasty by heat or by the application of some solvent or liquid that can be evaporated after mixing with the nitrate and carbon, and in this latter case it could be applied cold, though heat would facilitate the operation. Almost any of the hydrocarbons may be used. Sulphur alone would sufiice. In fact, there is a great variety of combustible substances that will answer for said coating, and can be substituted one for the other, and used either singly or-in combination. If carbon, like anthracite coal, not porous, be used,
it need not necessarily. be coated, though I prefer to have it so. As to the proportion of coating material to be used the best general direction I can give is that it should be enough to envelope all the coarse particles, and to granulate and coat all the fine ones and no more. The result attained is obvious.
The dope, consisting of amass of grains, each of which is enveloped by a coating of resinous or combustible matter, is measurably protected from dampness, and holds the detonate be tween these grains in such manner thatasmall quantity of it is' sufiicient to render its continuitythroughout the mass practically complete, and to insure a perfect detonation and the explosion of the entire compound.
In stating my claim I do not wish to be understood as embracing the mixture of nitroglycerine with my said dope, as this has been already patented to me; but
What I do claim,and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is
The explosive compound made by the mixture of nitro-cellulose or other equivalent detonating or fulminating substance or compound, with the. dope prepared, substantially as and for the purpose set forth;
EGBERT JUDSON Witnesses: R. S. PENNIMAN, ALFRED RIX'.
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US309787A true US309787A (en) | 1884-12-23 |
Family
ID=2378950
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US309787D Expired - Lifetime US309787A (en) | Explosive compound |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US309787A (en) |
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0
- US US309787D patent/US309787A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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