US309536A

US309536A - Regulator for electric generators and motors

Info

Publication number: US309536A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1884-12-23
Anticipated expiration: 1901-12-23

Description

(No Model.) 7 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 W. K. FREEMAN.

REGULATOR FOR ELEOT RIO GENERATORS AND MOTORS. No. 309,536. Patented Dec. 23, 1884.

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(No Model.) I 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

W. K. FREEMAN.

REGULATOR FOR ELECTRIC GBNERATORS'AND MOTORS.

No. 309,536. Patented Dec. 23, 1884.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE,

WALTER K. FREEMAN, OF BROOKLYN NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO MONARCH ELECTRIC COMPANY, OF XEV YORK.

REGULATOR FOR ELECTRIC G ENERATORS AND MOTORS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 309,536, dated December 23, 1884. Application filed March 2 1, 1584. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern: the armature, after the usual manner. The op- Be it known that I, W ALTER K. FREEMAN, posite poles of the machine-circuit are india cltizen of the United States, and a resident of cated by the signs and the circuit is un- 5 5 Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of dcr ordinary conditions from to and through 5 New York, have invented certain new and the field-magnet coils to brush 13, armatureuseful Improvements in Dynamo-Electric and brush 1 and out at Electro-Dynamic Machines, of which the fol- O 0 indicate sets of opposing coils wound lowlng is a specification. on the field-magnet, and connected with one 60 Myinvention relates to meansl'or governing terminal of the coils O at a point, as a. The and regulating dynamo-electric and electrocircuit from a through the coils G to thencgadynamic machines, and is designed to furnish t-ive side ot' the machine-circuit is conimproved means for governing the strength of trolled by a switch, S, of any suitable or de the field in which the armature of the machine sired construction, that is adapted to be moved 65 revolves, for automatically regulating or 0011- over a series of contacts, Z), to which the tertrolling the speed of the machine when used minals oi the coils O are connected in the 1nanas an electric motor, and likewise to provide ner indicated, the lower. pair of coils G in a safety appliance for bringing the motor to the same horizontal plane being connected to restin case of derangement or stoppage of the the first contact I) to the left of the switch in mechanism, whereby its speed is governed and the position shown, and the other pairs to the kept within bounds. remaining contacts in regular order. The

The object of my invention is also to permit coils G are connected with one another in setwo or more electric motors to be safely and rics, and from the coimccting-wire between properly run upon the same circuit without each two pairs a loop-connection is taken to a interference with one another. contact I). The terminal. of the series 0' is My invention consists in the novel arrange connectedto thelei't-hand contact I). The coils ments and combinations, that will be herein 0 are connected in such way to the circuit as described in connection with the accompato tend to oppose the influence of the main or nying drawings, and will be more specifically charging coils O, and are preferably of coarse Sc stated in the claims at the end of this spccifiwire of the same size as that used for coils O. cation. They are also, preferably, the same in num- In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is ber or amount, so as to exert the same in an elevation of the field-magnet of an electric fluence upon the field-magnet core, with the motor or generator, showing applied thereto effect that if the switch S be on the left-hand 85 the system of coils and circuits whereby the stud or contact I), all of the coils C will be in 5 strength of the field-magnet maybe regulated. circuit with the coils C, and the strength of Fig. 2 is a diagram of the circuits shown in the field-magnetism will be ail. As the coils Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is an edge view of an electric O are to be used in series with the coils C no motor, with a portion of the speed-governing particular pains need be taken to balance or 0 device of my invention shown in vertical secadjust their effects to one another, and as the 40 tion. Fig. at is a plan of the apparatus shown coils O are of coarse wire, their resistance, in Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is aside elevation of the apeven when all are in circuit, is of no appreciaparatus shown in Fig. 3. ble consequence. By turning the switch S Referring to Fig. 1, N S indicate the pole the strength of the field-magnet may be grad- 5 pieces oFa fieldcf-force magnet of any usual ually cut down as the number of opposing 5 or proper construction as used with an eleccoils C in circuit with coils G is increased, trio motor or generator; A, the armature of thus diminishing the electro-motive force of the machine, andBB the commutator-brushes the machine if it be used as a generator, and by which current is conveyed to or from the its speed if it be used as a motor. The number we armature-coils. of the coils O is the normal or maximum num- O O Oindicate the usual or ordinary coils of her employed for giving to the machine its wire upon the field-magnet, which coils are normal or maximum capacity as a motor or a here shown as being in the same circuit with generator. The switch S normally, or when on the right-hand contact-stud, completes the l field-magnetism and compensating for the in circuit from the charging-coils directly to line, but if turned to the left breaks such connection and compels the current passing through the charging-coils to pass through one or more pairs of opposing coils 0* before reachingline, thus cutting down the field-magnetism to an extent dependent on the number of coils C in circuit.

The above method of regulating or determining the strength of the field-magnet may be conveniently combined with suitable speed mechanism to constitute a speed-governor for an electric motor, the action being in such case to keep the speed down when the strength of the current increases, by automatically introducing opposing coils U in circuit. Such an arrangement is shown in Figs. 3, l, and 5.

I11 place of the form of switch indicated in Fig. 1 I by preference employ a switch consisting of a cylinder, D, made up of a set of rings insulated from one another and properly secured together, and a contaet-piston, G, moving in said cylinder and connected with the negative pole of the circuit in the same manner as the switch S, Fig. l. The rings are connected in the same manner as the contacts I), Fig. 1, to the coils G and to the terminal of the charging-coils O, the latter connection being made by a wire, 7, Fig. 5, that is connected to the inner or righthand ring, against which latter the piston bears when the speed mechanism by which the switch is operated is out of action. Connection with the piston is made by a binding-post, f, in electrical connection with the metal frame or block in which red F, supporting the piston, moves. The piston is operated by any suitable mechanism acting in accordance with variations in the speed of the motor to move the piston in one direction or the other, so as to increase or decrease the number of coils (L in circuit, according as the speed tends to increase or diminish by a rise or fall of the current strength in the circuit in which the motor is operated. A convenientmechanism for this purpose is a ball governor of any of the usual kinds employed with steam-engines.

In the drawings, F indicates the spindle, of a simple form, which spindle carries the piston G, and is connected to the spring-supports for the balls g g of the speed mechanism.

The device is rotated by a belt connecting the wheel h upon the sleeve 7: with the shaft of the motor, as indicated in Fig. 5, with the obvious effect of pulling the spindle to the left as the speed rises.

The speed mechanism is set so that with a normal speed of rotation no movement of this kind will be produced, and the switch-piston will remain in contact with the ring connected by wire 7 directly with the terminal of the chargingcoils. If, 1lOWG"6l, the speed increase, owing to increase in the driving-can rent, the spindle F will be drawn to the left, so as to introduce an opposing coil 0 into circuit with coils 0, thus cutting down the crease in the strength of the current.

In order to provide for the automatic shunting of the motor in case of breakage ofthe belt, which is applied to the pulley IL, I pivot the frame carrying the working parts of the speed mechanism in any suitable manner, as at m, so that it may swing in a horizontal plane and in a direction to act upon or close suitable contacts, when it is not held by the belt in the position shown in the drawlngs. A spring, l\I, applied to an arm, 1%, serves to move the frame in the direction of the arrow, it the belt slip from its pulleys or break, and to thus bring the arm It against a suitable contact, T, thus closing a shunt-circuit around the machine. The arm It is of metal, and forms an extension from the sleeve upon which the bindingpost f is mounted, and is therefore in direct electrical connection with the negative pole of the circuit. The contact T is connected in any suitable manner, as by wlre S, with the positive pole, so that when T and it are in contact a cross or short circuit around the motor is formed. 'lly this means the motor is brought to rest, and at the same time the circuit for other motors in series with the shunted motor is preserved.

That I claim as my invention is 1. In an electric generator or motor, the combination, with the field-magnet charging coils, of a set of supplemental opposing coils normally out of circuit, and means for including said coils in series with the main or charging coils.

2. In an electric motor or generator, the combination, with the field-magnet, of a set of opposing coils and means for including a greater or less number of said coils in series with the main or charging coils, as and for the purpose described.

In an electric motor, the combination, with the field-magnet, of opposing or neutralizing coils and devices controlled by changes in the speed of the motor for varying the number of said coils that shall be at any time in action.

4. The combination, with an electric motor, of a set of opposing coils wound upon the field-magnet, a switch controlling the number of said coils that shall be in circuit, and devices responding to changes in the speed of the motor for acting on said switch, as and for the purpose described.

5. The combination, with an electric motor, of a set of field-magnet coils and devices acting in accordance with the speed of the motor to determine the number of said coils that shall be at any time in circuit.

6. The combination, with an electric motor, of a speed-governor and means controlled by the driving devices of the speed-governor for automatically closing a shunt in case the driving devices break while the motor is running.

7. The combination, with an electric motor, of a set of opposing coils wound on the fieldmagnet, speed mechanism controlling the cir- IIO iield in which the armature moves, nicehanisin responsive to changes in the speed ofthe motor for controlling said adjusting devices, and a slinntingswiteh held open by the driving-belt for the speed mechanism.

Signed at New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, this 22d day of 20 March, A. D. lSS-i.

WALTER K. FREEMAN.

\Vitnesses:

Tiros. TOOMEY, Gno. U. COFFIN.