US3080845A - Boat having movable keel device - Google Patents

Boat having movable keel device Download PDF

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US3080845A
US3080845A US150473A US15047361A US3080845A US 3080845 A US3080845 A US 3080845A US 150473 A US150473 A US 150473A US 15047361 A US15047361 A US 15047361A US 3080845 A US3080845 A US 3080845A
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keel
hull
boat
shaft
rudder
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US150473A
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Pollak Edward George
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B41/00—Drop keels, e.g. centre boards or side boards ; Collapsible keels, or the like, e.g. telescopically; Longitudinally split hinged keels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B3/00—Hulls characterised by their structure or component parts
    • B63B3/14—Hull parts
    • B63B3/38—Keels
    • B63B2003/385—Keels with means for controlling heeling or rolling motions, or lift, e.g. flaps, by changing geometry, or by ballast displacement

Definitions

  • One object of my invention is to provide a boat having, in addition to the usual keel, a keel device having a flap that is movable to any position that is desirable.
  • Another object is to provide means whereby said keel device can be operated by a person seated in a boat, to thereby move a keel fiap so as to acquire finer control over the movements of the boat when conditions make that desirable.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic, side elevational view of my boat.
  • FIG. 2 is a bottom plan view of said boat.
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged, sectional view taken on the line 33 of FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken on the line 4-4 of ⁇ 1 16.3.
  • FIG. is a sectional View taken on the line 5-5 of FIG. 3.
  • I show a boat having a main body or h-ull 16 having floor timbers 11 and a keel timber 12 attached to said floor timbers.
  • a rudder 13 is movably fastened to said hull by a well known shaft 14.
  • a well known keel 16 of the fin-type has a main body 17 that includes a lower portion 18 of metal such as iron, bronze or lead. Said keel 16 is attached to said hull by a bolt 19 that extends through a said floor timber 11, k el timber 12 and said keel 16. This bolt 19' has a head 20 countersunk in the lower end of said keel and at the upper end it has a nut 22 and a bearing plate 24 outside a said floor timber 11 that holds it in place.
  • Another bolt 26 extends through another of said floor timbers, said keel timber and into said keel 16. This bolt 26 has a head 27 extending into said keel metal portion 18 as shown, being retained as by a plug or plastic filler 28, and held in place by a nut 28a and a bearing plate 29.
  • a movable keel device 30 having a flap or keel after-portion 31 that is attached to a rotatable stock or shaft 32 by screws 34 or other pin members extending through the latter.
  • Said shaft has a reduced upper portion 35, and it extends through an opening in a said keel timber 12, and to the latter is attached hollow retaining means having a stufiing box 36, containing waterproof packing 38 compressed by a gland nut 40. Screws 42 hold said stuffing box 36 to said keel timber 12.
  • Said shaft 32 movably extends through said stufiing box and gland nut.
  • Said keel lower portion 18 has a lower, lateral extension 44 having a recess 46 that enables it to serve as a bearing member 48 for said shaft 32.
  • a metal strap or bearing 2.. member 50 is fastened by screws 52 to said keel main body 17 and it extends around said shaft 32 and enters a recess 54 in said keel flap 31, whereby said strap provides a bearing member for said shaft.
  • Rotation of said keel device 30 may be controlled manually by a handle or tiller 55 shown broken away in said FIG. 4.
  • This handle 55 is mounted on said shaft reduced portion 35, being attached thereto by a well known shaft key 56 and retained thereon by a nut 60 screwthreadedly connected to said shaft 32.
  • My invention is especially adapted for a sailboat.
  • the wind by means of the sail or sails, exerts a large, lateral force upon the hull and keel, as well as a forward force, hence the boat does not move through the water in the direction of the center-line, which is-indicated by the numeral 57 in said FIG. 2; but moves at an angle thereto.
  • the angle between the direction of said motion and the direction of the center-line of the vessel is termed angle of leeway and is dependent upon the size and shape of the underwater surface of the hull, keel and rudder. Said angle of leeway likewise is the angle of attack of the water upon said keel.
  • the arrow 59 indicates the direction of water flow relative to the vessel, the angle between said arrow 59, and the center-line 57, is the angle of attack or angle of leeway.
  • the arrow 60 indicates the general direction and relative magnitude of the force exerted by the wind; and the arrow 61 indicates the general direction and relative magnitude of the force exerted by the keel; and the arrow 62 indicates the direction and relative magnitude of the forces recognized as hydrodynamic resistance of the hull, keel, rudder and other underwater portions of the vessel.
  • a boat comprising a hull, a rudder connected to said hull, a keel connected to said h-ull, a keel device rearwardly of said keel and spaced forwardly from said rudder, said keel device having a rotatable shaft extending downwardly and adjacent said keel, only one flap attached to and movable with said shaft relative to said keel, and means rotatably connecting said shaft to said hull.
  • a boat comprising a hull, a rudder connected to said hull, a keel connected to said hull, a keel device rearwardly of said keel and spaced forwardly from said rudder, said keel device having a rotatable shaft extending downwardly and adjacent said keel, only one flap rearwardly of said keel and attached to, extending parallel with, and
  • a boat comprising a hull, a rudder connected to said hull, a keel connected to said hull, and fixedly positioned longitudinally therewith, a keel device rearwardly of said keel and spaced forwardly from said rudder, said keel device having a rotatable shaft extending downwardly and adjacent said keel, only one flap attached to, and movable with said shaft laterally relative to said keel, and means rotatably connecting said shaft to said hull, said rudder being positioned at a rear half portion of said hull, said keel and keel device being positioned adjacent the midlength of said hull, said flap extending downwardly parallel with said keel.

Description

March 12, 1963 E. G. POLLAK BOAT HAVING MOVABLE KEEL DEVICE 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed NOV. 6, 1961 4 INVEN/TDZ'IZM a @012 421 March 12, 1963 E. G. POLLAK 3,080,845
BOAT HAVING MOVABLE KEEL DEVICE Filed NOV. 6, 1961 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 United States Patent Office 3,080,845 Patented Mar. 12, 1963- 3,080,845 BOAT HAVING MOVABLE KEEL DEVICE Edward George Pollak, Poppet-ell Road, Kittery, Maine Filed Nov. 6, 1961, Ser. No. 150,473 3 Claims. (Cl. 114-140) This invention relates to a boat having a novel keel device.
One object of my invention is to provide a boat having, in addition to the usual keel, a keel device having a flap that is movable to any position that is desirable.
Another object is to provide means whereby said keel device can be operated by a person seated in a boat, to thereby move a keel fiap so as to acquire finer control over the movements of the boat when conditions make that desirable.
The foregoing and other objects which will appear as the nature of the invention is better understood, may be accomplished by a construction, combination and arrangement of parts such as is disclosed by the drawings. The nature of the invention is such as to render it susceptible to various changes and modifications, and therefore, I am not to be limited to the construction disclosed by the drawings nor to the particular parts described in the specification; but am entitled to all such changes therefrom as fall within the scope of my claims.
In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic, side elevational view of my boat.
FIG. 2 is a bottom plan view of said boat.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged, sectional view taken on the line 33 of FIG. 2.
FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken on the line 4-4 of} 1 16.3.
FIG. is a sectional View taken on the line 5-5 of FIG. 3.
As illustrated, I show a boat having a main body or h-ull 16 having floor timbers 11 and a keel timber 12 attached to said floor timbers. A rudder 13 is movably fastened to said hull by a well known shaft 14.
A well known keel 16 of the fin-type has a main body 17 that includes a lower portion 18 of metal such as iron, bronze or lead. Said keel 16 is attached to said hull by a bolt 19 that extends through a said floor timber 11, k el timber 12 and said keel 16. This bolt 19' has a head 20 countersunk in the lower end of said keel and at the upper end it has a nut 22 and a bearing plate 24 outside a said floor timber 11 that holds it in place. Another bolt 26 extends through another of said floor timbers, said keel timber and into said keel 16. This bolt 26 has a head 27 extending into said keel metal portion 18 as shown, being retained as by a plug or plastic filler 28, and held in place by a nut 28a and a bearing plate 29.
In addition to said fixed keel 16- I provide a movable keel device 30 having a flap or keel after-portion 31 that is attached to a rotatable stock or shaft 32 by screws 34 or other pin members extending through the latter. Said shaft has a reduced upper portion 35, and it extends through an opening in a said keel timber 12, and to the latter is attached hollow retaining means having a stufiing box 36, containing waterproof packing 38 compressed by a gland nut 40. Screws 42 hold said stuffing box 36 to said keel timber 12. Said shaft 32 movably extends through said stufiing box and gland nut.
Said keel lower portion 18 has a lower, lateral extension 44 having a recess 46 that enables it to serve as a bearing member 48 for said shaft 32. A metal strap or bearing 2.. member 50 is fastened by screws 52 to said keel main body 17 and it extends around said shaft 32 and enters a recess 54 in said keel flap 31, whereby said strap provides a bearing member for said shaft.
Rotation of said keel device 30 may be controlled manually by a handle or tiller 55 shown broken away in said FIG. 4. This handle 55 is mounted on said shaft reduced portion 35, being attached thereto by a well known shaft key 56 and retained thereon by a nut 60 screwthreadedly connected to said shaft 32.
My invention is especially adapted for a sailboat. In sailing, the wind, by means of the sail or sails, exerts a large, lateral force upon the hull and keel, as well as a forward force, hence the boat does not move through the water in the direction of the center-line, which is-indicated by the numeral 57 in said FIG. 2; but moves at an angle thereto. The angle between the direction of said motion and the direction of the center-line of the vessel is termed angle of leeway and is dependent upon the size and shape of the underwater surface of the hull, keel and rudder. Said angle of leeway likewise is the angle of attack of the water upon said keel.
Positioning of said keel flap 31 at an angle to said centerline 57 alters the hydrodynamic characteristics of said keel and permits it to counteract the lateral force of the wind at a smaller angle of attack or leeway, and increases speed through the water. Reduction of leeway is highly desirable in sailing into the direction of the wind by the process of tacking inasmuch as the total distance that must be sailed is proportionate to the secant of the course angle made good relative to the objective point, times the direct distance to the objective point. A reduction in course angle by reduction of leeway, or an increase in speed, are the two factors which can reduce the time required by a vessel to reach a destination lying upwind.
In said FIG. 4'the arrow 59 indicates the direction of water flow relative to the vessel, the angle between said arrow 59, and the center-line 57, is the angle of attack or angle of leeway. The arrow 60 indicates the general direction and relative magnitude of the force exerted by the wind; and the arrow 61 indicates the general direction and relative magnitude of the force exerted by the keel; and the arrow 62 indicates the direction and relative magnitude of the forces recognized as hydrodynamic resistance of the hull, keel, rudder and other underwater portions of the vessel.
What I claim is:
l. A boat comprising a hull, a rudder connected to said hull, a keel connected to said h-ull, a keel device rearwardly of said keel and spaced forwardly from said rudder, said keel device having a rotatable shaft extending downwardly and adjacent said keel, only one flap attached to and movable with said shaft relative to said keel, and means rotatably connecting said shaft to said hull.
2. A boat comprising a hull, a rudder connected to said hull, a keel connected to said hull, a keel device rearwardly of said keel and spaced forwardly from said rudder, said keel device having a rotatable shaft extending downwardly and adjacent said keel, only one flap rearwardly of said keel and attached to, extending parallel with, and
movable with said shaft relative to said keel, and means rotatably connecting said shaft to said hull, the longitudinal axis of said flap extending parallel with the longitudinal axis of said shaft.
3. A boat comprising a hull, a rudder connected to said hull, a keel connected to said hull, and fixedly positioned longitudinally therewith, a keel device rearwardly of said keel and spaced forwardly from said rudder, said keel device having a rotatable shaft extending downwardly and adjacent said keel, only one flap attached to, and movable with said shaft laterally relative to said keel, and means rotatably connecting said shaft to said hull, said rudder being positioned at a rear half portion of said hull, said keel and keel device being positioned adjacent the midlength of said hull, said flap extending downwardly parallel with said keel.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Stromborg Aug. 23, 1904 Hale Nov. 1, 1932 Paine July 25, 1939 Scott Sept. 9, 1958

Claims (1)

1. A BOAT COMPRISING A HULL, A RUDDER CONNECTED TO SAID HULL, A KEEL CONNECTED TO SAID HULL, A KEEL DEVICE REARWARDLY OF SAID KEEL AND SPACED FORWARDLY FROM SAID RUDDER, SAID KEEL DEVICE HAVING A ROTATABLE SHAFT EXTENDING DOWNWARDLY AND ADJACENT SAID KEEL, ONLY ONE FLAP ATTACHED TO AND MOVABLE WITH SAID SHAFT RELATIVE TO SAID KEEL, AND MEANS ROTATABLY CONNECTING SAID SHAFT TO SAID HULL.
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Cited By (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3186370A (en) * 1963-10-16 1965-06-01 James E Hoyle Watercraft
US3747550A (en) * 1971-03-02 1973-07-24 H Stoeberl Plastic sailboat body and keel assembly
US4089286A (en) * 1976-03-04 1978-05-16 Jeanne Greaves Hall Sheel Sailboat keel
US4217844A (en) * 1976-05-19 1980-08-19 Seaspan Development Co. Ltd. Barge dagger skegs
US4280433A (en) * 1976-03-19 1981-07-28 Haddock Cecil F Underwater appendages for vessels
US4284025A (en) * 1978-08-03 1981-08-18 Howaldtswerke-Deutsche Werft Aktiengesellschaft Hamburg Und Kiel Rudder arrangement for ships
US4569302A (en) * 1978-01-16 1986-02-11 Seatronics Technologies Ltd. Barge dagger skegs
US4644889A (en) * 1985-08-26 1987-02-24 Krans Keith A Sailboat keel
DE3531994A1 (en) * 1985-09-07 1987-03-19 Hatlapa Rolf Ing Buero Keel design for sailing boats
US4686923A (en) * 1986-07-25 1987-08-18 Safe Flight Instrument Corporation Sailboat keel having a cantilevered trailing edge flap
US4733496A (en) * 1986-02-18 1988-03-29 Peter Wallner Pivoting surfboard fin
US4831954A (en) * 1986-11-10 1989-05-23 Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Fin tab device for marine vessels
US5003904A (en) * 1989-04-26 1991-04-02 William Unger Keel assembly
DE3940703A1 (en) * 1988-12-15 1991-06-13 Ernest Thomas Ashman SAILING SHIP
US5058521A (en) * 1989-05-25 1991-10-22 Payne Engineering Company Submarine with keel wing for effectively countering tendency to snap roll in high speed turns while fully submerged
FR2682076A1 (en) * 1991-10-08 1993-04-09 Biannic Jean Christophe Device for modifying the hydrodynamic characteristics of a submerged lift-generating plane
US5313905A (en) * 1991-05-09 1994-05-24 Calderon Albert A Twin wing sailing yacht
US6314900B1 (en) * 1997-07-23 2001-11-13 Den Norske Stats Oljelskap A.S High-velocity rudder
US6886481B1 (en) 2004-03-03 2005-05-03 Douglas W. Lord Pivotable bulb mounted foil for sailboats
WO2008058309A1 (en) * 2006-11-17 2008-05-22 Austal Ships Pty Ltd A roll stabiliser
US20110005451A1 (en) * 2009-07-13 2011-01-13 Lior Ezra Controllable fin surface configuration for watercraft
CN102336253A (en) * 2011-07-05 2012-02-01 赵凤银 Ship or naval ship or submarine with outside embedded and hung or outside suspended and hung counterweight iron device system
US8607724B2 (en) 2011-06-07 2013-12-17 Gyro-Gale Corporation Rudder assembly with a deflectable trailing tab

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US768085A (en) * 1903-04-18 1904-08-23 Fritz Oscar Stromborg Safety-keel for vessels.
US1885198A (en) * 1930-06-28 1932-11-01 Hale Marine Corp Hull structure
US2167552A (en) * 1938-01-14 1939-07-25 Frank C Paine Ship construction
US2851001A (en) * 1957-04-09 1958-09-09 Perry H Scott Backing rudder arrangement for vessels

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US768085A (en) * 1903-04-18 1904-08-23 Fritz Oscar Stromborg Safety-keel for vessels.
US1885198A (en) * 1930-06-28 1932-11-01 Hale Marine Corp Hull structure
US2167552A (en) * 1938-01-14 1939-07-25 Frank C Paine Ship construction
US2851001A (en) * 1957-04-09 1958-09-09 Perry H Scott Backing rudder arrangement for vessels

Cited By (25)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3186370A (en) * 1963-10-16 1965-06-01 James E Hoyle Watercraft
US3747550A (en) * 1971-03-02 1973-07-24 H Stoeberl Plastic sailboat body and keel assembly
US4089286A (en) * 1976-03-04 1978-05-16 Jeanne Greaves Hall Sheel Sailboat keel
US4280433A (en) * 1976-03-19 1981-07-28 Haddock Cecil F Underwater appendages for vessels
US4217844A (en) * 1976-05-19 1980-08-19 Seaspan Development Co. Ltd. Barge dagger skegs
US4569302A (en) * 1978-01-16 1986-02-11 Seatronics Technologies Ltd. Barge dagger skegs
US4284025A (en) * 1978-08-03 1981-08-18 Howaldtswerke-Deutsche Werft Aktiengesellschaft Hamburg Und Kiel Rudder arrangement for ships
US4644889A (en) * 1985-08-26 1987-02-24 Krans Keith A Sailboat keel
DE3531994A1 (en) * 1985-09-07 1987-03-19 Hatlapa Rolf Ing Buero Keel design for sailing boats
US4733496A (en) * 1986-02-18 1988-03-29 Peter Wallner Pivoting surfboard fin
US4686923A (en) * 1986-07-25 1987-08-18 Safe Flight Instrument Corporation Sailboat keel having a cantilevered trailing edge flap
US4831954A (en) * 1986-11-10 1989-05-23 Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Fin tab device for marine vessels
DE3940703A1 (en) * 1988-12-15 1991-06-13 Ernest Thomas Ashman SAILING SHIP
US5003904A (en) * 1989-04-26 1991-04-02 William Unger Keel assembly
US5058521A (en) * 1989-05-25 1991-10-22 Payne Engineering Company Submarine with keel wing for effectively countering tendency to snap roll in high speed turns while fully submerged
US5313905A (en) * 1991-05-09 1994-05-24 Calderon Albert A Twin wing sailing yacht
FR2682076A1 (en) * 1991-10-08 1993-04-09 Biannic Jean Christophe Device for modifying the hydrodynamic characteristics of a submerged lift-generating plane
US6314900B1 (en) * 1997-07-23 2001-11-13 Den Norske Stats Oljelskap A.S High-velocity rudder
US6886481B1 (en) 2004-03-03 2005-05-03 Douglas W. Lord Pivotable bulb mounted foil for sailboats
WO2008058309A1 (en) * 2006-11-17 2008-05-22 Austal Ships Pty Ltd A roll stabiliser
US20100275830A1 (en) * 2006-11-17 2010-11-04 Austal Ships Pty Ltd Roll stabilizer
US8042480B2 (en) 2006-11-17 2011-10-25 Austal Ships Pty. Ltd. Roll stabilizer
US20110005451A1 (en) * 2009-07-13 2011-01-13 Lior Ezra Controllable fin surface configuration for watercraft
US8607724B2 (en) 2011-06-07 2013-12-17 Gyro-Gale Corporation Rudder assembly with a deflectable trailing tab
CN102336253A (en) * 2011-07-05 2012-02-01 赵凤银 Ship or naval ship or submarine with outside embedded and hung or outside suspended and hung counterweight iron device system

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