US3072203A

US3072203A - Rotary earth boring drill

Info

Publication number: US3072203A
Application number: US788896A
Authority: US
Inventors: Alf H Bendixen
Original assignee: Joy Manufacturing Co
Current assignee: Joy Manufacturing Co
Priority date: 1959-01-26
Filing date: 1959-01-26
Publication date: 1963-01-08
Anticipated expiration: 1980-01-08

Description

Jan. 8, 1963 A. H. BENDIXEN 3,072,203

ROTARY EARTH BORINGy DRILL Filed Jan. 26, 1959 2 Sheets-Sheet l 8 m l l h 1I Ni |:I 9 l I 2 l INVENTOR. ALF H. BENDIXEN MWI ATTORNEY.

Jan. 8, 1963 A. H. BENDIXEN ROTARY EARTH BORING DRILL Filed Jan. 26. 1959 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR. ALF H. BEN DIXEN BVM/@a4 ATTORNEY.

United State 3,072,203 ROTARY EARTH BUG DL Alf H. Bendixen, Windsor, Vt., assignor to `loy Manufacturing Company, Pittsburgh, Pa., a corporation of Pennsylvania Filed Jan. 26, 1959, Ser. No. 788,896 16 Claims. (Cl. 175-114) This invention relates to earth boring drills and more particularly to -a hydraulic rotary drill having improved rotation and feeding means for the drilling implement.

An objects of the present invention is to provide an improved rotary drill having improved rotation and feeding means for the drilling implement whereby the latter may be operated at variable speeds. Another object is to provide an improved drill having improved feeding means providing a wide range of feeding speeds to suit varying drilling conditions. A further object is to provide an improved differential driving means between the rotation tand feed of the drill whereby such Variable yfeeding speeds may be effected. A still further object is to provide improved rotating means for a drilling implement wherein an elongated rotating frame member carries elements of the drill feeding means land having improved bearing mounting means for the rotating member. Yet another `object is to provide a lfeeding means of the chain land sprocket type wherein an endless chain element of the feed is guided for circulation relative to the elongated rotating frame member which carries the drilling implement, `and the endless chain revolves bodily with the rotating member while feeding the drilling implement `axially relative to the rotating member. Still another object is to provide an improved differenti-al feed gearing for -a rotary drill. A still further object is to provide an improved rotary drill yframe structure on which the drill rod is detachably mounted for rotation therewith and for axial feeding movement relative thereto. These and other objects 'and advantages of the invention will, however, hereinafter more fully appear.

In the accompanying drawings there is shown for purposes of illustration one form which the invention may assume in practice.

In these drawings:

FIG. 1 is a side elevational view, with portions broken away of a rotary drill constructed in accordance with a preferred illustrative embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged longitudinal vertical section taken axially through the forward portion of the drill shown in FIG. l.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross `section taken on line 3-3 of FIG. 1.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged central longitudinal vertical section taken on line `4--4 of FIG. 3, illustrating structural details.

FIG. 5 is a detail section taken on line 5 5 of FIG. 4, illustrating a portion of the drill feed.

FIG. 6 is an enlarged detail section taken on line 6-6 of FIG. 3, showing a portion of the feeding connection with the drilling implement.

FIG. 7 is a detail cross section taken on line '7-7 of FIG. 6.

In this illustrative construction, `as shown in the drawings, the improved rotary drill comprises an elongated guide frame 1 supported by a tiltable supporting frame 2 pivotally mounted at 3 on `a suitable support 4. The guide frame 1 has a ,front end member 5 engageable with the face of the work for steadying the guide frame during the drilling operation. A hydraulic jack 6 connected between the support 4 and the tiltable supporting frame 2 serves to tilt the drill guide frame about its pivot and to hold the same in adjusted position. The

3,072,203 Patented Jan. 8, 1963 (ice drill frame has spaced longitudinally thereof upstanding bearing supports 7 supporting bearings 8` by which an elongated rotatingframe element or rotary body 9 is journaled. This elongated rotating body comprises cylindrical front and rear end portions or heads 10 and 11 connected by tubular members and a drilling implement y12 is mounted centrally on the rotating body for rotation therewith and for 'feeding movement axially relative thereto as later explained. Carried by the rear portion of the guide frame 1 is a gear housing 13 containing differential gearing and other drive elements later described, driven by motors 14 and 15 herein desirably conventional hydraulic motors which operate to effect rotation of the drilling implement and also to effect axial feed and retraction of the drilling implement through a relatively wide range of speeds.

The elongated rotary body 9 may 'assume various forms but herein the tubular connection between the end heads 10 and 11 comprises `a central tube 1S secured at its rear portion at 19 within the rotary -rear head 11 and at its front end to the `front head 10 and secured as by welding to the exterior of this central tube are four circumferentially `spaced tubes 20 and the sides of the central tube are llongitudinally slotted at 21 at diametrically opposite points throughout a substantial portion of the length of the tube. A sliding cross or thrust head member 22. is -guided in the bore 23 of the central tube and has lateral wings or arms 24 extending outwardly through the slots 2l into the bores of a pair of diametrically opposite tubes 20, as shown in FIG. 7. The drilling implement is herein desirably in the form of :a tubular drill rod 25 having a threaded rear end 26 secured Within a threaded socket 27 within the thrust head 22 (FIG. 6), and carries a :conventional detachable drill bit 28 at its outer end, as shown in FIG. 2. Carried within a front bracket 29 yof the drill frame is a bearing bushing 30 within which the drill rod is guided, for centering the bit particularly during starting of a hole.

Endless feed chains 33 extending generally longitudinally within the elongated rotary body 9 pass around rear drive sprockets 34 on the rear 'head 11 and front idler sprockets 35 on the front head 10, and the idler Sprockets are mounted on -armlike supports or links 36 pivoted at 37 on a cross equalizer yoke 38 located within the hollow interior of the front head 10, as shown in FIG. 2. This yoke is pivoted at 39 on an adjustable sleeve 40 provided with suitable adjusting and locking nuts 41 abutting the liront face of the head. The feed chains have their parallel runs which travel in the same direction suitably attached at 43 to the arms 24 of the thrust head member 22.

The rotation motor 14 is desirably of the intermeshing rotor-gear type and has one shaft 45 connected by a coupling 46 to a shaft 47 suitably journaled within a housing 4S containing an endless drive chain 49. A sprocket 50 on the shaft 47 engages and drives the chain 49 which passes around a relatively large sprocket 51 secured to the tubular rear head 11 of the elongated rotating body 9. A parallel motor shaft 52 drives a bevel gear 53 meshing with bevel planet gears S4 journaled on a transverse shaft 55 supported within a rotary carrier or yoke frame 56 suitably journaled within the gear housing 13. The bevel planet gears mesh with a bevel gear 57 secured to a longitudinally extending shaft 58 also suitably journaled within the gear housing 13. Keyed to this shaft is a chain sprocket 59 connected by an endless drive chain 60 contained in a housing 61, to a relatively large drive sprocket 62. The chain sprocket is keyed to a longitudinally extending shaft 63 coaxial with the elongated rotating body 9 and suitably journaled within bearings supported within a gear housing 64 -secured to the rear portion of the rear head 11 of the elongated rotating body 9. Secured to the front end of this shaft is a bevel gear 65 meshing with and driving oppositely rotating bevel gears 66 and 67 secured to the chain sprockets 34. The chain and

sprocket drive connections

49, 50, 51 and 59, 60, 62 are so proportioned and the differential gearing is so constructed that the motor 14 may rotate the elongated rotating body 9 while the feed remains inactive.

The feeding motor 15, which is reversible, has its shaft 70 keyed to a longitudinally extending shaft 71 suitably journaled within the gear housing 13 and lying within the orbit of the drive chain 60 (FIG. 4). Secured to and driven by this shaft is a bevel gear 72 meshing with a bevel gear 73 secured to a transverse shaft 74 likewise suitably journaled within the gear housing 13. Secured to the `shaft 74 is `a worm 75 meshing with and driving a worm wheel 76 secured to the planet gear carrier frame 56 (FIG. 4). This worm gearing is self locking and at times may serve to lock the planet carrier frame against rotation and when the latter is locked the motor 14 drives through the endless chain 49 the elongated rotating body 9 without feed due to the fact that at that time the bevel gear 65 rotates at the same speed as the rotating body with no turning of the chain sprockets 66 and `67 about their own axes of rotation.

The intermeshing rotor-gear rnotor 14 has its shafts 45 and 52 rotating at the same speed in opposite directions and when the planet carrier frame 56 is locked against rotation the sprockets 50 and 59 rotate at the same speed in the same direction as the shaft 45. Under this condition the drive imparts rotation to the elongated rotating body 9 thereby rotating the drill rod while the latter remains stationary as regards bodily axial movement.

In order to effect axial feed of the drill rod forwardly toward the work the hydraulic motor 15 may be operated to drive through the bevel gears 72, 73 and worm gearing 75, 76 thereby causing the differential gearing 54, 57 to drive the sprocket 59 at a different speed from the speed of rotation of the sprocket Sil thereby to effect the feeding operation and by varying the speed of the motor 15 the rate of feed may be varied as desired. By reversing the motor 15 the drill rod may be fed axially away from the working face at variable speeds in a like manner.

Any suitable source of fluid under pressure may be embodied within the machine and may comprise a motor driven yfiuid pump connected to a fluid reservoir, for supplying liquid under pressure to a Valve box having control valves for separately controlling the motors 14 and 15.

When the improved rotary drill is set up at the working face and properly positioned with respect to the work with its front support resting against the face, the motors 14 and 15 may be operated to rotate the drilling implement and to feed the drilling implement at the selected speed to effect drilling. The rotation motor y14 may be operated to drive the

chain sprockets

51 and 62, to rotate the elongated rotating body 9 together with the drill rod secured for rotation therewih. At this time the planet carrier frame 56 is locked against rotation by the Worm gearing 75, 76 with the feeding means inoperative, and when the reversible motor is operated the planet carrier frame 56 may be rotated in one direction or the other through the worm gearing 75, 76 to cause drive of the chain sprocket 62 and feed sprockets 34 to effect feed of the drill rod axially relative to the elongated rotating body 9 and speed variations may be obtained by operating the feed motor at varying speeds, either faster or slower as desired. Drive of the sprockets 34 causes the feed chains 33` to be circulated within the parallel tubes causing either forward feed or retraction of the drill rod through the sliding thrust head 22 to which the drill rod is secured,

and as the drill rod is moved axially it slides longitudinally within the guide-bore of the central bodytube 18. It will thus be seen that the rotation of the drill rod through the elongated rotating vbody 9 may ibe constant" or may be varied by varying the motor speed, `and when the planet carrier frame 56 is driven through the worm gearing the feeding speed may be varied likewise by varying the motor speed. By operating the reversible motor 15 in either direction to rotate the planet carrier frame 56 in one direction or the other the feeding speed may be increased or decreased as desired. A further variation in the feeding speed may be effected by varying the speed of the motor 15.

Evidently if desired in lieu of the cylindrical drill rod 25 rods of other cross sectional shapes may be employed, and flighted augers may be used interchangeably with the drill rod. The drill rod is supported within the central tube 18 of the elongated rotating body 9 and is continuously supported with no relative rotation between the drill rod and the central tube. The pivoted equalizer yoke 38 provides `a self adjusting feed chain equalizer.

As a result of this invention an improved rotary earth boring drill is provided especially adapted to relatively long feeds and having a relatively wide range of feeding speeds to suit varying drilling conditions. By the provision of the elongated rotating body journaled on the guide frame and the drill rod supported and guided within the rotating body adequate support ofthe drill rod is afforded while a relatively long feed is made possible. The differential gearing controlled by the reversible motor connected therewith enables slowing down or speeding up of the feed speed as desired. By the provision of the self-locking worm gearing for driving the planet gear carrier frame the latter may at times be locked against rotation or may be rotated in either of opposite directions to speed up or decrease the rate of feed as desired. The improved drill structure is not only relatively efficient in operation and variable in feed speed but is also relatively simple and rugged in design, well adapted to withstand the demands of service. These and other advantages of the invention will be clearly apparent to those skilled in the art.

While there is in this application specifically described one form which the invention may assume in practice, it will be understood Ithat this form is shown for purposes of illustration and that the invention may be modified and embodied in various other forms without departing from its spirit or the scope of the appended claims.

What I claim is:

l. A drilling apparatus comprising, an elongated rotatable body having a drill steel rotatable therewith and rectilinearly movable relative thereto, a rst differential drive mechanism having certain portions thereof rotatable with said body, another portion of said first differential drive being rotatably connected to said body and cooperable with said certain portions but being rotatable independent of the rotation of said body, a second differential drive mechanism having the output thereof operatively connected to said another portion of said first differential drive, rst power means for rotating said body and said another portion through said second differential drive mechanism respectively, second power means operable in either of opposite directions and having the output thereof drivingly connected to the yoke frame of said second differential drive mechanism for varying the speed and direction of rotation of such output of said second differential drive, and means connected to said certain portions and to said drill steel for moving said drill steel rectilinearly relative to said body.

2. A drilling apparatus comprising, an elongated rotatable hollow body having a rectilinearly movable drill steel rotatable therewith and located centrally thereof, planet bevel gears of a first differential drive mechanism being rotatably secured to said body, another portion of said rst differential -drive being rotatably connected to said body and in meshing engagement with said planet bevel gears but being rotatable independent of the rotation of said body, a second differential drive mechanism having the output thereof connected to said another portion `of said first differential drive, first power means for rotating said body and said another portion through said second differential drive mechanism respectively, second power means operable in either of opposite directions and having the output thereof drivingly connected to the yoke frame of said second differential drive mechanism for varying the speed and direction of rotation of such output of said second differential drive, a thrust block reciprocably disposed in said body having said drill steel connected thereto, and chain means connected to said planet bevel gears and to said thrust block for moving said drill steel rectilinearly relative to said body.

3. Apparatus comprising, a member mounted for rectilinear and rotatable movement, a differential drive establishing mechanism having the output portions thereof cooperable to effect rectilinear movement of said member in either of opposite directions, means connected to said member and to said output port-ions for causing rectilinear movement of same member, said differential drive having an input portion for driving said output portions thereof, a drive means for rotating said member and said input portion simultaneously, and other drive means for rotating said input portion of said differential drive establishing mechanism in either of opposite directions to change the speed of said input portion so that rectilinear movement of said member is effected.

4. Apparatus comprising, a member mounted for rectilinear and rotatable movement, a differential drive establishing mechanism having la portion thereof cooperable to effect rectilinear movement of said member, said differential drive having another portion for driving said first mentioned portion thereof, a drive means for rotating said member and said another portion simultaneously independently of each other, and other drive means for independently driving said another portion of said differential drive establishing mechanism to change the speed of said another portion so that rectilinear movement of said member is effected.

5. An apparatus comprising, a support having a first member mounted thereon for rotation about an axis, a second member supported by and rotatable with said first member, said second member being rectilinearly movablerelative to said first member in opposite directions along said axis, first input means for rotating said first and second members and for conditioning said second member for rectilinear movement along said axis, and selectively operable second input means operatively connected to said conditioning means for causing rectilinear movement of said second member in either of opposite directions along said axis.

6. Apparatus as set forth in claim 5 wherein said first member has a longitudinal opening disposed centrally thereof and within which a drilling implement is received and axially guided.

7. A combination as set forth in claim 5 wherein said rotating means and said first member have a differential gearing operatively connected therebetween to provide for variations in the feeding speed of said second member.

8. In a drill of the character disclosed, a longitudinally extending supporting frame, an elongated rotary body mounted on said supporting frame for rotation about an axis coextensive with said frame, a drilling implement supported within said body for rotation therewith and for axially feeding movement relative to said body, means for rotating said body to effect rotation of the drilling implement comprising a rotating element coaxial with said body, and means for feeding said drilling implement axially relative to said body comprising a feeding element coaxial with said body, said rotating means including a motor for driving said rotating element, said feeding means including differential gearing driven by said motor for rotating said feeding element at the same speed and in the same direction as said rotary body without feeding of the drilling implement, said feeding means also including a motor for driving an element of said differential gearing for rotating said feeding element relative to said rotating element to effect feed.

9. A drill as set forth in claim 8 wherein said feeding motor is reversible and is operable for driving said feeding element at variable speeds in either direction.

l0. In a drilling implement of the character disclosed a longitudinal supporting frame, an elongated rotary drill frame journaled on said supporting frame to rotate about an axis coextensive with said supporting frame, said drill frame comprising cylindric end bearing-engaging-portions and a series of tubes extending longitudinally between said end portions and secured thereto, said tubes including a central tube and .tubes arranged circumferentially of the exterior of said central tube and secured thereto, a thrust member movable longitudinally within and relative to said central tube and to which a drilling implement is attached for connection, feeding means for such a drilling implement for feeding the same longitudinally relative to said rotary frame including a feed chain having opposite runs extending longitudinally within said externally arranged tubes, said central tube having a longitudinal slot along a side thereof, said thrust member having a portion extending outwardly through said slot into one of said externally arranged tubes and into connection with a run of said feed chain, chain sprockets journaled on said end portions of said drill frame and about which said feed chain passes, and means for driving one of said sprockets to circulate said feed chain relative to said rotary frame, and means for rotating said body thereby to rotate the drilling implement therewith.

ll. A drill comprising a supporting frame, a rotary drill frame journaled on said supporting frame to rotate about an axis extending longitudinally of said supporting frame, a movable thrust element carried by said rotary frame and guided for movement longitudinally relative thereto, said thrust element adapted for attachment to a drilling implement, feeding means for such a drilling implement including a feeding element extending longitudinally of said rotary frame and movable relative thereto, said movable thrust element being connected to said feeding element, and means for rotating said rotary frame to effect rotation of the drilling implement therewith.

l2. A drill as set forth in claim 1l wherein said rotating means includes differential gearing through which feeding of the drilling implement is effected, said feeding means including a motor for rotating an element of said differential gearing at variable speeds.

13. A drill as set forth in claim 12 wherein a motor is provided for driving said rotating means and by which an element of said differential gearing is driven.

14. An apparatus for initiating and varying the rectilinear speed of movement in opposite directions of a rotatable elongated member, a differential drive establishing mechanism having cooperable first portions thereof rotatable with such elongated member, connecting means operatively connected to said first portions and to such elongated member for feeding such elongated member, first input drive means for rotating such elongated member, said differential drive including a second portion cooperably connected to said first portions, second input drive means of variable speed for changing the speed being operable in either of opposite directions and being operatively connected to said second portion and direction of said second portion of said differential drive establishing mechanism for actuating said connecting means and moving said elongated member in a rectilinear path in opposite directions and at varying speeds depending upon the direction and speed of rotation of said second input drive means.

l5. An apparatus for varying the penetration and retraction speeds of a drilling device comprising a rotatable drill steel support having rotatably secured thereto a first portion of a dilferential feed establishing means, means for rotating said support and said first portion of said differential feed establishing means, said rst portion of said dilerential feed establishing means being in operative engagement, a second portion of said differential feed establishing means and being `rotatable in the same direction and at the same speed as said first portion of said differential means, means connected to said rst portion and to said drill steel for feeding said drill steel in either of opposite directions relative to said support, and means connected to said rotating means for changing the direction and the speed of said second portion of said differential feed establishing means in order to vary such penetration 01' retraction speeds of such device.

16. In combination, a supporting frame, a drill frame mounted on said supporting frame for rotation about an aXis extending longitudinally of said supporting frame, an elongated drill steel disposed coincident with such excess and being rotatable with and rectilinearly movable relative to said drill frame, means for rotating said drill frame to effect rotation of said drill steel therewith, means for feeding said drill steel axially relative to said rotary frame including a feeding element mounted on said rotary frame for movement relative thereto, said feeding means includes a differential drive mechanism having the output thereof connected to said feeding means for feeding said drill steel axially relative to said rotary drill frame, and other differential drive mechanism operable in either of opposite directions being cooperable with such output of said first mentioned dilerential drive for moving said drill steel in either of opposite directions relative to said drill frame along such rectilinear path.

References Cited in the lile of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 525,093 Collier Aug. 28, 1894 1,744,223 Hild Jan. 2l, =1930 2,634,950 Allen Apr. 14, '1953 2,879,034 Cowan Mar. 24, 1959 2,905,440 Gerentes Sept. 22, 1959

Claims

1. A DRILLING APPARATUS COMPRISING, AN ELONGATED ROTATABLE BODY HAVING A DRILL STEEL ROTATABLE THEREWITH AND RECTILINEARLY MOVABLE RELATIVE THERETO, A FIRST DIFFERENTIAL DRIVE MECHANISM HAVING CERTAIN PORTIONS THEREOF ROTATABLE WITH SAID BODY, ANOTHER PORTION OF SAID FIRST DIFFERENTIAL DRIVE BEING ROTATABLY CONNECTED TO SAID BODY AND COOPERABLE WITH SAID CERTAIN PORTIONS BUT BEING ROTATABLE INDEPENDENT OF THE ROTATION OF SAID BODY, A SECOND DIFFERENTIAL DRIVE MECHANISM HAVING THE OUTPUT THEREOF OPERATIVELY CONNECTED TO SAID ANOTHER PORTION OF SAID FIRST DIFFERENTIAL DRIVE, FIRST POWER MEANS FOR ROTATING SAID BODY AND SAID ANOTHER PORTION THROUGH SAID SECOND DIFFERENTIAL DRIVE MECHANISM RESPECTIVELY, SECOND POWER MEANS OPERABLE IN EITHER OF OPPOSITE DIRECTIONS AND HAVING THE OUTPUT THEREOF DRIVINGLY CONNECTED TO THE YOKE FRAME OF SAID SECOND DIFFERENTIAL DRIVE MECHANISM FOR VARYING THE SPEED AND DIRECTION OF ROTATION OF SUCH OUTPUT OF SAID SECOND DIFFERENTIAL DRIVE, AND MEANS CONNECTED TO SAID CERTAIN PORTIONS AND TO SAID DRILL STEEL FOR MOVING SAID DRILL STEEL RECTILINEARLY RELATIVE TO SAID BODY.