US3067130A - Platforming process - Google Patents

Platforming process Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3067130A
US3067130A US27639A US2763960A US3067130A US 3067130 A US3067130 A US 3067130A US 27639 A US27639 A US 27639A US 2763960 A US2763960 A US 2763960A US 3067130 A US3067130 A US 3067130A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
catalyst
feed
sulfur
platforming
per pound
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US27639A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Jr Douglas Baldwin
Nager Maxwell
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shell USA Inc
Original Assignee
Shell Oil Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to NL264542D priority Critical patent/NL264542A/xx
Priority to BE603543D priority patent/BE603543A/xx
Application filed by Shell Oil Co filed Critical Shell Oil Co
Priority to US27639A priority patent/US3067130A/en
Priority to DES73876A priority patent/DE1181355B/de
Priority to FR861117A priority patent/FR1297783A/fr
Priority to GB16721/61A priority patent/GB910494A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3067130A publication Critical patent/US3067130A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G35/00—Reforming naphtha
    • C10G35/04—Catalytic reforming

Definitions

  • Platforming is herein defined as a catalytic reforming process in which a hydrocarbon fraction containing naphthenes and paraffins and boiling in the gasoline boiling range is contacted in the vapor phase and in the presence of a substantial pressure of hydrogen with a catalyst containing platinum on a suitable support such as alumina under dehydrogenating conditions of temperature e.g., 800l000 F., whereby a product of improved octane number is obtained.
  • the severity of the Platforming operation is primarily a function of the temperature, pressure, and space velocity. Generally in commercial practice the severity is controlled by the temperature as explained above. The pressure and space velocity normally are not altered over any appreciable range in a given Platforming plant.
  • the reaction temperature must be increased 10 F. in order to maintain a constant quality of the product. If the maximum temperature increase in such a case is 100 F. (e.g., 850 to 950 F.) it is seen that the maximum catalyst life under these conditions is 10 barrels per pound of catalyst.
  • the decline rate is not necessarily constant throughout a run but is generally approximately In commercial practice there are three types of Platforming operations herein designated as continuous, semiregenerative and regenerative. As Will be evident from the above, when mild conditions (i.e., low severity) are sufficient to obtain a product of satisfactory octane number the catalyst decline rate is very low and the process may be operated continuously for many months producing dfiblfid Patented Dec. 4, 1962 the maximum quantity of product. In this case when the catalyst is spent it is replaced by a charge of fresh catalyst or catalyst that has been reworked in a separate plant. The cost of the catalyst is of the order of $5.00 per pound.
  • the process of the present invention relates to semiregenerative Platforming. It has no application in continuous or regenerative Platforming.
  • FIGURE 1 of the drawing is a graph showing the temperature required to provide 100 Fl0 Platformate vs. the catalyst age under semi-regenerative conditions.
  • FIGURE 2 is a graph showing the debutanized Platformate yield vs. catalyst age in the same semi-regenerative runs.
  • FIGURE 3 is a graph showing the sulfur content of the catalyst after use with a sulfur-containing feed and during subsequent treatment of a desulfurized feed.
  • feeds were heavy naphthas having the properties shown in table 1.
  • Example 1 In this example the catalyst was not presulfided and the desulfurized feed was Platforms-d under the stated conditions. The temperature was increased with time as shown by curve 1 in FIGURE 1 to maintain the production of platformate having an F-l-O octane number of 100. The yield of debutanized reformate declined as shown by curve 1 in FIGURE 2.
  • Example 2 In this example the catalyst was presulfided by treatment with H S for 2 hours at 900 F. Thiophene was added to the feed to give 100 p.p.m. sulfur during the entire run. The results are shown in curve 2 of FIG- URES 1 and 2.
  • Example 3 In this example the catalyst was not presulfided but thiophene equivalent to 300 p.p.m. of sulfur was added to the feed. After processing 5.4 barrels of feed per pound of catalyst a desulfurized feed was substituted for 2 barrels per pound. The results are shown in curve 3 in FIGURES 1 and 2.
  • the catalyst in all runs was regenerable at the end of the runs. However, it should be noted that the catalyst in Example 3 would not be regenerable if the run Were stopped at 5.4 barrels per pound. The reason for this will be apparent from FIGURE 3.
  • the catalyst was used in the treatment of a feed containing 300 p.p.m. sulfur and then analyzed for sulfur. A desulfurized feed was then treated with the same catalyst and its sulfur content periodically determined. As shown by the curve in FIGURE 3 the sulfur content of the catalyst comes to a new low equilibrium value but it requires about 2 barrels of the desulfurized feed per pound of catalyst to achieve this end. If the catalyst contains more than a few hundredths of a percent of sulfur it cannot be regenerated because during the burning, oxides of sulfur are formed which permanently impair the activity of the catalyst and which are corrosive to the metal walls of the reactor and auxiliary equipment.
  • the amount of sulfur in the feed to the Platforming reaction zone should be at least 200 p.p.m. and preferably 300 p.p.m. based on the feed. This includes any sulfur introduced with the recycled hydrogen. Higher concentration up to 400 p.p.m. or even 500 p.p.m. may be used but are generally not recommended because most plants are not constructed of alloys which are sufiiciently resistant to corrosion.
  • the specified high sulfur concentration is maintained throughout the run except for the last approximately 2 barrels per pound of catalyst in which a desulfurized feed is substituted.
  • the sulfur-containing feed is used for about 13 barrels, per pound and the desulfurized feed is used during the period from 13 to 15 barrels per pound.
  • the feed used during the last 2 barrels per pound should be desulfurized to a sulfur level not exceeding about 25 p.p.m.
  • the catalyst is flushed of hydrocarbons, regenerated by burning off the carbonaceous deposits, and reused in a new run.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
US27639A 1960-05-09 1960-05-09 Platforming process Expired - Lifetime US3067130A (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL264542D NL264542A (US08197722-20120612-C00042.png) 1960-05-09
BE603543D BE603543A (US08197722-20120612-C00042.png) 1960-05-09
US27639A US3067130A (en) 1960-05-09 1960-05-09 Platforming process
DES73876A DE1181355B (de) 1960-05-09 1961-05-08 Verfahren zur halb-regenerierenden Plat-formierung von Kohlenwasserstoffgemischen
FR861117A FR1297783A (fr) 1960-05-09 1961-05-08 Procédé de reformage catalytique au platine, avec semi-régénération, de mélanges d'hydrocarbures
GB16721/61A GB910494A (en) 1960-05-09 1961-05-08 Catalytic reforming of hydrocarbon mixtures

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US27639A US3067130A (en) 1960-05-09 1960-05-09 Platforming process

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3067130A true US3067130A (en) 1962-12-04

Family

ID=21838905

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US27639A Expired - Lifetime US3067130A (en) 1960-05-09 1960-05-09 Platforming process

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3067130A (US08197722-20120612-C00042.png)
BE (1) BE603543A (US08197722-20120612-C00042.png)
DE (1) DE1181355B (US08197722-20120612-C00042.png)
GB (1) GB910494A (US08197722-20120612-C00042.png)
NL (1) NL264542A (US08197722-20120612-C00042.png)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3435090A (en) * 1964-12-28 1969-03-25 Monsanto Co Calcination of platinum-alumina catalyst for alkane dehydrogenation
US3439061A (en) * 1966-10-10 1969-04-15 Shell Oil Co Catalytic dehydrogenation of paraffins
US3448036A (en) * 1968-07-26 1969-06-03 Universal Oil Prod Co Continuous,low pressure catalytic reforming process with sulfur and halogen inclusion and water exclusion
US3481861A (en) * 1968-01-16 1969-12-02 Universal Oil Prod Co Regeneration of coke-deactivated catalyst containing a platinum group component and a sulfur component
US3502573A (en) * 1969-06-16 1970-03-24 Universal Oil Prod Co Continuous,low pressure catalytic reforming process with sulfur inclusion,water exclusion,and low space velocity
US3515665A (en) * 1969-07-17 1970-06-02 Universal Oil Prod Co Continuous low pressure catalytic reforming process with water and ammonia exclusion and programmed sulfur addition
US3669874A (en) * 1970-10-19 1972-06-13 Phillips Petroleum Co Method of increasing catalyst activity in sour crude catalytic reformers

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2861944A (en) * 1955-06-29 1958-11-25 Standard Oil Co Conversion of methylcyclopentane to benzene
GB826909A (en) * 1957-12-23 1960-01-27 Universal Oil Prod Co Process for reforming hydrocarbon fractions boiling in the gasoline range
US3006841A (en) * 1953-09-16 1961-10-31 Universal Oil Prod Co Hydrocarbon conversion process

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3006841A (en) * 1953-09-16 1961-10-31 Universal Oil Prod Co Hydrocarbon conversion process
US2861944A (en) * 1955-06-29 1958-11-25 Standard Oil Co Conversion of methylcyclopentane to benzene
GB826909A (en) * 1957-12-23 1960-01-27 Universal Oil Prod Co Process for reforming hydrocarbon fractions boiling in the gasoline range

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3435090A (en) * 1964-12-28 1969-03-25 Monsanto Co Calcination of platinum-alumina catalyst for alkane dehydrogenation
US3439061A (en) * 1966-10-10 1969-04-15 Shell Oil Co Catalytic dehydrogenation of paraffins
US3481861A (en) * 1968-01-16 1969-12-02 Universal Oil Prod Co Regeneration of coke-deactivated catalyst containing a platinum group component and a sulfur component
US3448036A (en) * 1968-07-26 1969-06-03 Universal Oil Prod Co Continuous,low pressure catalytic reforming process with sulfur and halogen inclusion and water exclusion
US3502573A (en) * 1969-06-16 1970-03-24 Universal Oil Prod Co Continuous,low pressure catalytic reforming process with sulfur inclusion,water exclusion,and low space velocity
US3515665A (en) * 1969-07-17 1970-06-02 Universal Oil Prod Co Continuous low pressure catalytic reforming process with water and ammonia exclusion and programmed sulfur addition
US3669874A (en) * 1970-10-19 1972-06-13 Phillips Petroleum Co Method of increasing catalyst activity in sour crude catalytic reformers

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE603543A (US08197722-20120612-C00042.png)
GB910494A (en) 1962-11-14
DE1181355B (de) 1964-11-12
NL264542A (US08197722-20120612-C00042.png)

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US4634515A (en) Nickel adsorbent for sulfur removal from hydrocarbon feeds
US4354925A (en) Catalytic reforming process
US3006841A (en) Hydrocarbon conversion process
US2792337A (en) Reforming of gasoline with platinum catalyst and method of regenerating the catalyst
US4125454A (en) Process for suppression of catalyst deactivation and C5 + liquid yield loss in a cyclic reforming unit
US4191633A (en) Process for suppression of hydrogenolysis and C5+ liquid yield loss in a reforming unit
US2761817A (en) Hydrodesulfurization process with precoditioned catalyst
US3067130A (en) Platforming process
US5562817A (en) Reforming using a Pt/Re catalyst
US4166024A (en) Process for suppression of hydrogenolysis and C5+ liquid yield loss in a cyclic reforming unit
US4208397A (en) Semi-regenerative reforming process providing continuous hydrogen production
US3224962A (en) Sulfide treatment of reforming catalyst
US2889263A (en) Hydroforming with hydrocracking of recycle paraffins
US4255250A (en) Extended cycle regenerative reforming
US3634292A (en) Regeneration of a coke-deactivated catalyst comprising a combination of platinum rhenium and halogen with an alumina carrier material
US3177136A (en) Reforming with steamed platinum catalyst
US4415435A (en) Catalytic reforming process
US2906699A (en) Adding a nitrogen compound to suppress hydrocracking in the reforming of a sulfur-containing naphtha
US4440667A (en) Catalyst regeneration in a catalytic reforming process
US3574091A (en) Continuous,low pressure catalytic reforming process with sulfur inclusion and water exclusion
US3617519A (en) Controlled sulfur content in platinum-rhenium reforming
US6610196B1 (en) Catalytic reforming process
CA1165264A (en) Process for the regenerative catalytic reforming of light hydrocarbons
US2876196A (en) Desulfurizing petroleum fractions with platinum
US4251349A (en) Fixed-bed reforming with mid-cycle catalyst addition