US3023069A - Method of manufacturing sodiumvapour discharge tubes - Google Patents
Method of manufacturing sodiumvapour discharge tubes Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3023069A US3023069A US859093A US85909359A US3023069A US 3023069 A US3023069 A US 3023069A US 859093 A US859093 A US 859093A US 85909359 A US85909359 A US 85909359A US 3023069 A US3023069 A US 3023069A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- argon
- tube
- manufacturing
- discharge
- filling
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 5
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 35
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052754 neon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N neon atom Chemical compound [Ne] GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000749985 Nites Species 0.000 description 1
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001485 argon Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052756 noble gas Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J9/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture, installation, removal, maintenance of electric discharge tubes, discharge lamps, or parts thereof; Recovery of material from discharge tubes or lamps
- H01J9/38—Exhausting, degassing, filling, or cleaning vessels
- H01J9/395—Filling vessels
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
- H01J61/02—Details
- H01J61/12—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature
- H01J61/18—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature having a metallic vapour as the principal constituent
- H01J61/22—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature having a metallic vapour as the principal constituent vapour of an alkali metal
Definitions
- the present invention relates to methods of making sodium-vapour discharge tubes having a neon gas-filling to which argon is added.
- the usual addition of approximately 0.1 to 1% of argon serves to reduce the ignition voltage of the tube.
- sodium ions and also noble gas ions are produced, in particular ions of the added argon, the ionization potential of which is lower than that of neon.
- These ions are urged towards the wall where they are neutralised' by recombination with electrons. Not all of these ions return as free gas atoms; some of them adheres to the wall so that the concentration of the argon addition decreases. If this proceeds to an undue degree the ignition voltage is insuificiently reduced, the tube ig-' nites no longer and the end of its lite-time is reached.
- the present invention has for its object to improve upon this.
- the tube is first filled with argon in which an argon discharge is produced, subsequently to which the definite metaland gasfilling is provided.
- the glass wall of the discharge vessel is, as it were, previously charged with argon.
- the argon discharge is preferably maintained 10 to minutes at a current stren th of 0.5 to 1.5 amps, in argon of 0.10 to 0.15 mercury pressure.
- a U-shaped sodium vapour discharge tube is housed in an evacuated cylindrical bulb.
- the discharge tube consists of lime glass and has an outside diameter of 12 mms. It is internally provided with a layer of a sodium-resistant glass, the composition of which may be as follows: 10
- the sodium-resistant glass has the following composition:
- the tube comprises activated thermionic electrodes at its ends and has a length of cms. between the electrodes, measured along the axis of the tube.
- the tube contains approximately 1000 mg. of sodium metal and has a neon gas-filling of approximately 13 mins. mercury pressure at room temperature, to which approximately 0.5 vol. percent of argon is added.
- the tube dissipates approximately w. and has an ignition voltage of 390 v. at the beginning of its lifetime. It is supplied from a source of alternating voltage of 470 v. open circuit voltage. This tube has a lifetime of approximately 2500 operation hours, whereafter it fails to ignite upon connection to said supply source.
- the same tube is first filled only with argon of approximately 0.1 mm. mercury pressure and a discharge is maintained in this medium for approximately 15 minutes at a current strength of approximately 1 amp, its lifetime is found to reach 5000 operation hours.
- a method of manufacturing a sodium vapor electric discharge tube having a neon gas-filling comprising the steps, filling the tube with argon, producing an electrical discharge in the argon, removing the argon, and thereafter filling the tube with sodium and neon containing about 0.5% by volume of argon.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Discharge Lamp (AREA)
- Gas-Filled Discharge Tubes (AREA)
Description
United States Patent M 3,023,069 METHOD OF MANUFACTURING SODIUM- VAPOUR DISCHARGE TUBES Martinus Henricus Adrianus van de Weijer, Eindhoven,
Netherlands, assignor to North American Philips Company, Inc., New York, N.Y., a corporation of Delaware No Drawing. Filed Dec. 14, 1959, Ser. No. 859,093 Claims priority, application Netherlands Dec. 9, 1958 2 Claims. (Cl. 316-26) The present invention relates to methods of making sodium-vapour discharge tubes having a neon gas-filling to which argon is added.
The usual addition of approximately 0.1 to 1% of argon serves to reduce the ignition voltage of the tube. During operation of the tube, sodium ions and also noble gas ions are produced, in particular ions of the added argon, the ionization potential of which is lower than that of neon. These ions are urged towards the wall where they are neutralised' by recombination with electrons. Not all of these ions return as free gas atoms; some of them adheres to the wall so that the concentration of the argon addition decreases. If this proceeds to an undue degree the ignition voltage is insuificiently reduced, the tube ig-' nites no longer and the end of its lite-time is reached.
The present invention has for its object to improve upon this.
In accordance with the invention, the tube is first filled with argon in which an argon discharge is produced, subsequently to which the definite metaland gasfilling is provided.
By this argon discharge the glass wall of the discharge vessel is, as it were, previously charged with argon.
In a discharge tube having a diameter of 8 to mms, the argon discharge is preferably maintained 10 to minutes at a current stren th of 0.5 to 1.5 amps, in argon of 0.10 to 0.15 mercury pressure.
In order that the invention may be readily carried into efiect, an example will now be described in detail.
A U-shaped sodium vapour discharge tube is housed in an evacuated cylindrical bulb. The discharge tube consists of lime glass and has an outside diameter of 12 mms. It is internally provided with a layer of a sodium-resistant glass, the composition of which may be as follows: 10
to 30% by weight of B 0 0 to 15%, by weight of K 0,
20 to by weight of CaO-l-BaO and 10 to 40% by Patented Feb. 27, 1962 weight of A1 0 In the present case the sodium-resistant glass has the following composition:
24% by weight of B 0 6% by weight of K 0 10% by weight of CaO 38% by weight of BaO 22% by weight of A1 0 The tube comprises activated thermionic electrodes at its ends and has a length of cms. between the electrodes, measured along the axis of the tube. The tube contains approximately 1000 mg. of sodium metal and has a neon gas-filling of approximately 13 mins. mercury pressure at room temperature, to which approximately 0.5 vol. percent of argon is added. During normal operation with a tube current of 0.9 amps. the tube dissipates approximately w. and has an ignition voltage of 390 v. at the beginning of its lifetime. It is supplied from a source of alternating voltage of 470 v. open circuit voltage. This tube has a lifetime of approximately 2500 operation hours, whereafter it fails to ignite upon connection to said supply source.
If, however, the same tube is first filled only with argon of approximately 0.1 mm. mercury pressure and a discharge is maintained in this medium for approximately 15 minutes at a current strength of approximately 1 amp, its lifetime is found to reach 5000 operation hours.
What is claimed is:
1. A method of manufacturing a sodium vapor electric discharge tube having a neon gas-filling comprising the steps, filling the tube with argon, producing an electrical discharge in the argon, removing the argon, and thereafter filling the tube with sodium and neon containing about 0.5% by volume of argon.
2. A method of manufacturing a sodium vapor electric discharge tube having a neon gas-filling as claimed in claim 1 in which the argon filling is at a pressure of 0.1 to 0.15 mm. Hg, and the electrical discharge is maintained for about 10 to 20 minutes at a current strength of about 0.5 to 1.5 A.
Gross Mar. 24, 1931 V
Claims (1)
1. A METHOD OF MANUFACTURING A SODIUM VAPOR ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBE HAVING A NEON GAS-FILLING COMPRISING THE STEPS, FILLING THE TUBE WITH ARGON, PRODUCING AN ELECTRICAL DISCHARGE IN THE ARGON, REMOVING THE ARGON, AND THEREAFTER FILLING THE TUBE WITH SODIUM AND NEON CONTAINING ABOUT 0.5% BY VOLUME OF ARGON.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NL3023069X | 1958-12-09 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3023069A true US3023069A (en) | 1962-02-27 |
Family
ID=19876765
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US859093A Expired - Lifetime US3023069A (en) | 1958-12-09 | 1959-12-14 | Method of manufacturing sodiumvapour discharge tubes |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3023069A (en) |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1797683A (en) * | 1929-06-28 | 1931-03-24 | Joseph E Gross | Luminous tube |
-
1959
- 1959-12-14 US US859093A patent/US3023069A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1797683A (en) * | 1929-06-28 | 1931-03-24 | Joseph E Gross | Luminous tube |
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