US3017162A - Heating and cooling apparatus - Google Patents

Description

Jan. 16, 1962 E. M. HAiNEs ETAL HEATING AND COOLING APPARATUS 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 Original Filed Jan. 17, 1958 FIGI INVENTORS Edward M. Haines Charles E. Hughes Jan. 16, 1962 E. M. HAINES ETAL HEATING AND COOLING APPARATUS 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Original Filed Jan. 17, 1958 mug 5 ma W mm. A mHm m WM M W0 FF u JO 6 V. B

Jan. 16, 1962 E. M. HAINES ETAL HEATING AND COOLING APPARATUS Original Filed Jan. 1'7, 1958 4 sheets-vshee t 3 INVENTORS Edward M. Haines BY Charles E. Hughes 6 ,M,

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0 3 MQSIDR 88 53323 353569 mt QMIb-Qk \l\ E K a m .858 S 5&8 semi 358 E h W QPM Jan. 16, 1962 E. M. HAINES EI'AL HEATING AND COOLING APPARATUS Original Filed Jan. 17, 1958 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 IN 4 4 O ELECTRIC HEAT/N6 5 S Pv 5mm M m H w m M H 2 W d I W 5 w k A w M4 W M w f E q g $5 Eks. be Em hfiw Em QQ Em 4 53m Unite States Patent 3,017,162 HEATING AND COOLING APPARATUS Edward M. Haines, Lake Forest, and Charles E. Hughes, Berwyn, 111., assignors to General Electric Company, a corporation of New York Original application Jan. 17, 1958, Ser. No. 709,672, now Patent No. 2,934,913, dated May 3, 1960. Divided and this application Sept. 17, 1959, Ser. No. 840,626

11 Claims. (Cl. 257-490) The present invention relates to heating and cooling apparatus, and more particularly to such apparatus involving a water heater and a room cooler. This application is a division of the copending application of Edward M. Haines and Charles E. Hughes, Serial No. 709,672, filed January 17, 1958, now Patent No. 2,934,913.

It is a general object of the invention to provide an improved apparatus for eifecting both heating of water and cooling of air in a combination kitchen appliance, or the like.

Another object of the invention is to provide a waterheating system that comprises a water storage tank and both a heat-pump arrangement and an electric heatingunit arrangement for selectively controlling the heating of the water in the water storage tank.

A further object of the invention is to provide a water heating system, wherein the heating of the water in the lower temperature range is effected by a heat-pump arrangernent and the heating of the water in the upper temperature range is effected by an electric heating-unit arrangement.

Another object of the invention is to provide an airconditioning system that comprises a refrigerating machine including a refrigerant compressor, as well as a refrigerant evaporator for cooling the room air, and also first and second refrigerant condensers, wherein heat is extracted from the first condenser by an associated water storage tank, and heat is extracted from the second condenser by outside air circulation thereover.

A further object of the invention is to provide an airconditioning system including a refrigerating machine, wherein the refrigerant condensing function is effected in the lower temperature range of the machine by heat ex change with an associated water storage tank and the refrigerant condensing function is effected in the higher temperature range of the machine by heat exchange with outside air.

A still further object of the invention is to provide a combination water-heating and air-conditioning system of the character noted.

Further features of the invention pertain to the particular arrangement of the elements of the system, whereby the above-outlined and additional operating features thereof are attained.

The invention, both as to its organization and method of operation, together with further objects and advantages thereof, will best be understood by reference to the following specification, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIGURE 1 is'a front perspective view of a kitchen appliance embodying the present invention, and illustrating the relation thereof to the usual base cabinet line and wall cabinet line arranged in the kitchen;

FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view, partly broken away,

i of the upper front of the appliance shown in FIG. 1, taken in the direction of the arrows along the line 22 therein;

FIG. 3 is a fragmentary elevational view of the left side of the appliance shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a fragmentary elevational view of the right side of the appliance shown in FIG. 1; and

FIGS. 5 and 6, taken together, are a diagrammatic illustration of the arrangement of the electrical and me- 2 chanical elements incorporated in the appliance shown in FIG. 1.

In order to form a unified diagram, FIGS. 5 and 6 should be arranged lengthwise in respective upper and lower adjacent positions.

Referring now to FIG. 1 of the drawings, there is illustrated a portion of a kitchen incorporating a kitchen appliance 10 embodying the features of the present invention; which appliance 10 is arranged against a wall (indicated at 11) of the kitchen and below a sofiit (indicated at 12), disposed adjacent to the junction of the kitchen wall 11 and the ceiling, not shown, of the kitchen. The appliance 10 comprises an upstanding substantially boxlike base cabinet 20, an upstanding substantially box-like wall cabinet 30 carried by the rear top of the base cabinet 20, and a counter top 40 carried by the front top of the base cabinet 20 and extending between the top front of the base cabinet 20 and the bottom front of the wall cabinet 30. The wall cabinet 30 includes a lower section 31 provided with a pair of front doors 32 and 33 and an upper section 34 provided with a removable front panel 35, the front doors 32 and 33 in their closed positions and the front panel 35 being flush with each other. Also the base cabinet 20 includes a removable front panel 21, terminating at the top thereof at the front of the counter top 40, and terminating at the bottom thereof at a toe-receiving recess 22, provided at the bottom of the base cabinet 20. In the arrangement, the cabinets 20 and 30 may be formed fundamentally of sheet steel and provided with a suitable exterior finish of porcelain or resin enamel; while the counter top 40 may be formed of stainless steel, plastic material, etc.

In the kitchen: two other conventional base cabinets 51 and 52 are respectively indicated at the left and at the right of the base cabinet 20 and respectively carrying two counter tops respectively indicated at 53 and 54; and two other conventional wall cabinets 55 and 56 are respectively indicated at the left and at the right of the wall cabinet 30 and just below the soffit 12 in the kitchen. In the arrangement: the base cabinet 20 has a standard height so that the counter top 40* is flush with the counter top sections 53 and 54; and the base cabinet 20 has a standard depth from back to front so that the front panel 21 is flush with the fronts of the base cabinets 51 and 52. Similarly, the wall cabinet 30 has a standard height so that the junction between the loWer and upper sections 31 and 34 thereof is flush with the bottoms of the wall cabinets 55 and 56, and the wall cabinet 30 has a standard depth from front to back so that the front panel 35 is flush with the fronts of the wall cabinets 55 and 56. For example, the counter top 40 may be disposed 36" above the kitchen floor and the front panel 21 may be disposed 26" forwardly of the rear wall of the base cabinet 20. The wall cabinet 30 may have a height of 48", with the upper section 34 having a height of 18"; and the front panel 35 may be disposed 13" forwardly of the rear wall of the wall cabinet 30. The dimensions mentioned are not critical, but comprise the standard dimensions of conventional kitchen base cabinets and conventional kitchen wall cabinets; whereby these dimensions accommodate fitting of the base cabinet 20 in a conventional kitchen base cabinet line, without special reference to position thereof with respect to the other elements therein, and fitting of the wall cabinet 30 in a conventional kitchen wall cabinet line, without special reference to position thereof with respect to the other elements therein.

Referring now to FIGS. 2 to 4, inclusive, the base cabinet 20 houses an upstanding water storage tank 61 that is provided with a layer 62 of suitable heat-insulating material, such as glass wool; which tank 61 carries primary and secondary thermostats 63 and 64 that are employed for a purpose more fully explained hereinafter;

and the front panel 21 is removably supported upon the base cabinet to accommodate access to the thermostats 63 and 64. The upper section 34; of the wall cabinet defines a machinery compartment 36 therein; and the lower section 31 of the wall cabinet 30 is provided with heat-insulating walls 37 defining a food storage compartment 38 therein. Preferably the front doors 32 and 33 are hinged adjacent to the outer side edges thereof so that they swing in opposite directions over the counter top 40; and of course, the doors 32 and 33 incorporate heat-insulating material, not shown. Accordingly, the food storage compartment 38 is insulated against the flow of heat thereinto from the kitchen and from the base cabinet 20 and from the machinery compartment 36. It is also advantageous that the interior of the food storage compartment 38 carry a removable shelf or other element 65 supported by a centrally disposed standard 66, so as to accommodate support of the food products in readily accessible position in the food storage compartment 38 when the front doors 32 and 33 occupy their open positions. 1

The appliance 10 also comprises a refrigerating machine including a refrigerant motor-compressor unit 70 arranged in the machinery compartment 36, a first condenser 71 in the form of a coil arranged in heat-exchange relation with the water storage tank 61, a second air-cooled refrigerant condenser 72 arranged in the machinery compartment 36, a first air-cooled refrigerant evaporator 73 arranged in the machinery compartment 36, and a second refrigerant evaporator 74 in the form of a fiat sinuous coil arranged in heat-exchange relation with the top Wall of the metal liner of the food storage compartment 38. Also duct structure is provided in the appliance 10 that includes a kitchen air inlet 75 of substantially grill-like form carried by the right side wall of the lower section 31, and a kitchen air outlet 76 of substantially grill-like form carried by the left side wall of the lower section 31, as well as an outside air inlet conduit 77 and two outside air outlet conduits 78 and 79 carried by the top wall of the upper section 34 and extending into the soffit 12. In the arrangement, the outside air inlet 77 extends through the soffit 12 and the outside kitchen wall to the exterior, while the outside air outlet conduits 78 and 79 may be combined in the sofiit 12 and then extend through the outside kitchen wall to the exterior. The kitchen air inlet 75 communicates with a conduit 88 arranged between the right side wall of the lower section 31 and the adjacent insulating side wall 37 of the food storage compartment 38 and extends upwardly into the machinery compartment 36; and similarly, the kitchen air outlet 76 communicates with a conduit 81 arranged between the left side wall of the lower section 31 and the adjacent insulating side wall 37 of the food storage compartment 38 and extends upwardly into the machinery compartment 36. The outside air inlet conduit 77 is connected to the inlet of a blower 82 arranged in the machinery compartment 36, the outlet of the blower 82 being connected to direct air over the condenser 72 and thence through the outside air conduit 79. Also the outside air inlet conduit 77 and the conduit 80 are respectively con nected to two inlets of a valve 83 arranged in the machinery compartment 36 and provided with an outlet connected to a conduit 84, that is connected to the inlet of a blower 85 arranged in the machinery compartment 36. The outlet of the blower 85 is connected to a conduit 86 that is connected to direct air over the evaporator 73 and thence into the inlet of a valve 87 arranged in the machinery compartment 36, the valve 87 being provided with two outlets respectively connected to the conduit 81 and to the outside air outlet conduit 78. In the machinery compartment 36, a heat-insulating barrier 88 is arranged between the condenser 72 and the evaporator 73 so as to prevent the flow of heat therebetween.

When the blower 82 is operated, outside air is taken thereinto from the outside air inlet conduit 77 and is discharged therefrom into heat-exchange relation with the condenser 72 and is then conducted via the outside air outlet conduit 79 to the outside. When the blower 85 is operated, air from the conduit 84 is taken thereinto, which air is supplied either from the outside air inlet conduit 77 or from the conduit communicating with the kitchen air inlet 75, depending upon the position of the valve 83. The air from the blower is discharged via the conduit 86 into heat-exchange relation with the evaporator 73 and is then conducted to the valve 87. From the valve 87, the air is supplied either to the outside air conduit 78 or to the conduit 81 communicating with the kitchen air outlet 76, depending upon the position of the valve 87.

The connection and arrangement of the refrigerating machine is best illustrated in FIGS. 5 and 6, wherein it will be observed that the motor compressor unit 70 is of the hermetically sealed type, including a base 90 and a cooperating casing 91, as well as the compressor 92 and the electric drive motor 93. The casing 91 defines the hermetically sealed chamber 94 enclosing the com-' pressor 92 and the drive motor 93 and containing the usual charge of refrigerant and lubricating oil. Ordinarily the refrigerant is FreonFl2; and the compressor 90 is provided with an intake conduit 95 communicating with the chamber 94 and a discharge conduit 96 extending through the casing 91 to the exterior. The discharge conduit 96 is connected via a pressure'stat 97 to a manifold conduit 98 that is connected to two valves 99 and 100 of the solenoid operated type, the valves 99 and 108 being mechanically biased into their closed positions. The valve 99 also communicates with a conduit 1(11 extending to the inlet of the condenser 71; and the valve 180 also communicates with a conduit 102 extending to the inlet of the condenser 72. The outlets of the condensers 71 and 72 are connected in parallel to a liquid conduit 103 that is connected to the inlet of an expansion valve 104, the outlet of which is connected to a conduit 105 extending to the inlet of the evaporator 73. The outlet of the evaporator 73 is connected via a conduit 106 to the inlet of the evaporator 74-, and the outlet of the evaporator 74 is connected to a conduit 107 extending to a drying unit 108 that is connected to a suction conduit 109 extending through the casing 91 and communicating with the chamber 94. A normally closed bypass valve 110 of the solenoid operated type is connected between the conduits 106 and 107 and employed for a purpose more fully explained hereinafter.

As illustrated, the valve 83 is normally biased by a coil spring 111 into its position connecting the outside air inlet conduit 77 to the conduit 84 and is operative into its position connecting the conduit 88 to the conduit 84 by an associated solenoid 112. Similarly, the valve 87 is normally biased by a coil spring 113 into its position discharging into the outside air outlet conduit 78 and is operative into its position discharging into the conduit 81 by an associated solenoid 114. The blowers 82 and 85 are respectively driven by two respectively connected electric drive motors 115 and 116. A cold water inlet pipe 117 is connected to the bottom of the water storage tank 61, and a hot water outlet pipe 118 is connected to the top of the water storage tank 61; and an electric heating unit 119 is also arranged in heat-exchange relation with the water storage tank 61. Preferably, the heating unit 119 is of the sheathed resistance conductor type and is arranged in wrap-around relation with the bottom of the cylindrical side wall of the water storage tank 61 in the general manner disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 2,452,214, granted October 26, 1948 to Oliver G. Vogel and Francis E. Kirk. The thermostats 63 and 64 are arranged in heat-exchange relation with the upper portion of the water storage tank 61; and the condenser 71 is arranged in heat-exchange relation with the intermediate portion thereof.

Referring to FIG. 6, the primary thermostat 63 may be of any suitable type, but has been illustrated as of a conventional type comprising a bimetallic element 120 movable toward the left as the temperature thereof is increased, a cooperating right contact 121 carried by an adjustable member 122, and a pair of cooperating left contacts 123 and 124 carried by an adjustable member 125. Likewise, the secondary thermostat 64 may be of any suitable type, but has been illustrated as of a conventional type comprising a bimetallic element 126 movable toward the left as the temperature thereof is increased, and a cooperating right contact 127 carried by an adjustable member 128. Also, as illustrated in FIG. 5, a food storage compartment thermostat 129 is operatively associated with the food storage compartment 38 and responsive to the temperature thereof. The food storage compartment thermostat 129 may be of any suitable type, but has been illustrated as of a conventional type comprising a bimetallic element 130 movable toward the left as the temperature thereof is decreased, a cooperating contact spring 131, and a manually adjustable dial 132 for selectively setting the position of the contact spring 131 and consequently the control temperature of the thermostat 129. Further, as illustrated in PEG. 6, a room thermostat 133 is arranged in the kitchen, or at least in heat-exchange relation therewith, and responsive to the temperature thereof. The room thermostat 133 may be of any suitable type, but has been illustrated as of a conventional type comprising a bimetallic element 134 movable toward the right as the temperature thereof is decreased, a first pair of cooperating contact springs 135 and 136, a second pair of cooperating contact springs 13! and 138, and a manually adjustable dial 139. In the room thermostat 133', the bimetallic element 134 acts upon a member 140 engaging the contact springs 135 and 136 and urging them to disengage the respectively cooperating contact springs 137 and 138, while the adjustable dial 139 acts upon a member 141 engaging the contact springs 137 and 138 and urging them to engage the respectively cooperating contact springs 135 and 136.

The appliance further comprises a terminal block 142 that is connected to a 3-wire Edison source of power supply, that may be of 236 volts, single-phase, A.-C. The power supply includes two outside ungrounded conductors 143 and 144 and a grounded neutral conductor 145. Also the appliance 10 comprises a relay group including a transfer relay 150, a compressor relay 155, a vent relay 160, and an exhaust relay 170. The transfer relay 150 is provided with a contact bridging member 151 having both back and front contacts, while the compressor relay 155 is provided with a contact bridging member 156 having front contacts. The vent relay 160 controls a movable contact spring 161 that cooperates with a back contact spring 162 and with a front contact spring 163, and also controls a movable contact spring 164 that cooperates with a back contact spring 165 and with a front contact spring 166. Similarly, the exhaust relay 170 controls a movable contact spring 171 that cooperates with a back contact spring 172 and with a front contact spring 173, and also controls a movable contact spring 174 that cooperates with a back contact spring 175 and with a front contact spring 176. Further, a set of control switches is provided including a master switch 180, a control switch.190, an air-conditioning switch 200 and a combination exhaust and vent switch 210. The master switch 180 has an upper off position and a lower on position; the control switch 190 has an upper electric heat only position and a lower heat-pump and electric heat position; the combination switch 210 has an intermediate off position, a left exhaust position and a right vent position; and the air-conditioning switch 200 has an upper oif position and a lower on position. The master switch 180 comprises two movable contact springs 181 and 182 and two respectively cooperating stationary contact springs 183 and 184; the control switch 190 comprises two movable contact springs 191 and 194, a stationary contact spring 192 cooperating with the movable contact spring 191, and two stationary contact springs 193 and 195 respectively cooperating with the contact springs 191 and 194; the air-conditioning switch 200 comprises two movable contact springs 201 and 203 and two respectively cooperating stationary contact springs 202 and 204; and the combination exhaust and vent switch 210 comprises two movable contact springs 211 and 213 and two respectively cooperating stationary contact springs 212 and 214.

The switches 200 and 210 are interlocked; and specifically the contact springs 201 and 203 are operated by a member 205; while the contact springs 211 and 213 are operated by a pivotally mounted member 215. The member 205 is provided with a roller 206 at the lower end thereof that cooperates with a heart-shaped recess 216 formed in the adjacent upper end of the member 215. When the switch 200 occupies its upper off position, the switch 210 may be selectively operated into its left exhaust position and into its right vent position, since the roller 206 carried by the member 205 occupies its position disposed out of the recess 216 in the member 215. However, when the switch 200 is operated into its lower on position, the roller 206 carried by the member 205 enters the heart-shaped recess 216 formed in the member 215 and restores the same into its intermediate off position in the event it is out of such position, thereby operating the switch 210 into its off position. Also the pressures at 97' comprises a contact bridging member 230 that is provided with a pair of power contacts. Specifically, the contact bridging member 230 normaliy occupies a closed position with respect to its contacts, but is operated into an open position with respect thereto in response to an abnormally high pressure of the refrigerant in the casing of the pressurestat 97, thereby to afford protection to the compressor 92 in the event of an abnormal operating condition thereof in the event both of the valves 99 and should occupy their closed positions.

In the circuit arrangement, the outside conductors 143 and 144 are respectively terminated by the contact springs 181 and 182 of the master switch 180, and the contact springs 183 and 184 thereof respectively terminate two conductors 231 and 232. In the control switch 190, the contact spring 191 terminates the conductor 231, the contact springs 192 and 194 commonly terminate a conductor 233, and the contact springs 193 and 195 respectively terminate two conductors 234 and 235. In the airconditioning switch 200, the contact springs 201, 202, 203 and 204 respectively terminate four conductors 236, 237, 238 and 239; and in the combination exhaust and vent switch, the contact springs 211 and 213 commonly terminate the conductors 231, while the contact springs 212 and 214 respectively terminate two conductors 240 and 241.

The conductor 232 is connected to one terminal of the electric heating unit 119, and the other terminal thereof is connected to a conductor 242. In the primary thermostat 63, the contacts 121, 123 and 124 respectively terminate a conductor 243, a conductor 244, and the conductor 235, while the bimetallic element terminates the conductor 234. In the secondary thermostat 64, the contact 127 terminates the conductor 242, While the bimetallic element 126 terminates the conductor 233. In the food storage compartment thermostat 129, the contact spring 131 terminates a conductor 245, while the bimetallic element terminates the condutor 236. In the room thermostat 133, the contact spring terminates a conductor 246, while the contact springs 136, 137 and 138 respectively terminates the conductors 239, 237 and 244. The winding of the transfer relay is connected between the conductors 238 and 145, the winding of the compressor relay is conected between the conductors 243 and 145; the winding of the vent relay is connected between the conductors 241 and 145; and the winding of the exhaust relay is connected between the conductors 240 and 145. The pair of back contacts associated with the contact bridging member 151 of the transfer relay 150 respectively terminate a conductor 247 and the conductor 243; while the pair of front contacts associated with the contact bridging member 151 respectively terminate the conductors 234 and 243. The pair of front contacts associated with the contact bridging member 156 of the compressor relay 155 respectively terminate the conductors 243 and 236. The contact springs 161, 162, 163, 164, 165 and 166 of the vent relay 160 terminate a conductor 248, the conductor 236, the conductor 241, a conductor 249, the conductor 246 and the conductor 241. The contact springs 171, 172, 173, 174, 175 and 176 of the exhaust relay 176 respectively terminate a conductor 250, the conductor 248, the conductor 240, a conductor 251, the conductor 246 and the conductor 240.

The solenoid 112 is connected between the conductors 251 and 145; the solenoid 114 is connected between the conductors 249 and 145; the blower motor 115 is connected between the conductors 238 and .145; the blower motor 116 is connected between the conductors 256 and 145; the solenoid of the valve 99 is connected between the conductors 247 and 145; the solenoid of the valve 166 is connected between the conductors 238 and 145; and the solenoid of the valve 110 is connected between the conductors 245 and 145. The terminals of the compressor drive motor 93 are respectively connected to the conductor 236 and to a conductor 252; while the contacts associated with the bridging member 2311 of the pressurestat 97 respectively terminate the conductors 252 and 145.

In the disposition of the equipment, the various switches 1811, 191i, 266 and 216, and the various relays 150, 155, 166 and 170, as Well as the terminal block 142, may be housed in a metal casing or box 166 arranged in. the lower section 31 of the wall cabinet .36, as shown in FIG. 2; which box 1611 may be disposed between the right insulating wall 37 of the food storage compartment 33 and the adjacent right side wall of the lower section 31, and accessible through an opening closed by a cooperating door 161. The food storage compartment thermostat 129 may be carried by one of the front doors 32 or 33; and the kitchen thermostat 133 may be arranged in any convenient location in the kitchen, or carried by the door 161, if desired.

Considering now the general mode of operation of the appliance 1t and assuming that no air-conditioning of the kitchen is required and that the water in the storage tank 61 is to be heated entirely by the electric heating unit 119, the control switch 190 is operated into its upper position (electric heat only) and the master switch 180 is operated into its lower position (on); whereby a direct circuit is completed for energizing the electric heating unit 119 across the outside line conductors 143 and 144 of the 3-wire Edison source. Further assuming that the water in the storage tank 61 is relatively cold, the circuit mentioned extends from the outside line conductor 143 via the contact springs 181 and 183, the conductor 231, the

contact springs 191 and 192, the conductor 233, the bimetallic element 126, the right contact 127, the conductor 242, the electric heating unit 119, the conductor 232, and the contact springs 184 and 182 to the outside line conductor 144. When the electric heater 119 is thus energized, it produces heat, effecting heating of the water in the storage tank 61; with the result that the secondary thermostat 64 is controlled by the temperature of the water mentioned. For example, the member 128 of the secondary thermostat 64 may be set to hold a temperature of 150 F.; whereby the bimetallic element 126 ultimately responds to the temperature noted of the water stored in the storage tank 61 to open the contact thereof with the right contact 127 so a to effect deenergization of the electric heating unit 119 and the consequent termination of the heating of the water stored in the tank 61. Subsequently, when the temperature of the water stored in the tank 61 is reduced slightly below the control temperature of 150 F., the bimetallic element 126 of the secondary thermostat 64 again responds to reclose the contact thereof with the right contact 127 so as again to initiate energization of the electric heating unit 119 and the consequent heating of the water stored in the tank 61.

Now assuming that no air-conditioning of the kitchen is required and that the water in the storage tank 61 is to be heated by the combination of the condenser 71 and the electric heating unit 119, the control switch 190 is operated into its lower position (heat pump and electric heat) and the master switch 136 is operated into its lower position (on). At this point, it is noted that the primary thermostat 63 is selectively set by adjustment of the members 122 and 125 so that the bimetallic element is responsive to a control temperature, such, for example, as F., to govern the contacts 121, 123 and 124. For the present purpose, it may be assumed that when the temperature of the water in the storage tank 61 is below the control temperature of 125 F., the bimetallic element 1211 disengages the left contacts 123 and 124 and engages the right contact 121, and when the temperature of the water noted is above the control temperature of 125 F., the bimetallic element 129 disengages the right contact 121 and engages the left contacts 123 and 124. Also, for the present purpose, it may be again assumed that in the secondary thermostat 64, when the tempera ture of the water in the storage tank 61 is below the control temperature of F., the bimetallic element 126 engages the right contact 127, and when the temperature of the water noted is above the control temperature of 150 F., the bimetallic element 126 disengages the right contact 127.

Now assuming that the temperature of the water in the storage tank 61 is below 125 F, multiple circuits are completed for energizing the solenoid of the valve 99 and the winding of the compressor relay 155. The circuit for energizing the solenoid of the valve 99 extends from the outside line conductor 143 via the contact springs 181 and 183, the conductor 231, the contact springs 191 and 193, the bimetallic element 121 and the engaged right contact 121 to the conductor 243. The circuit mentioned further extends from the conductor 243 via the contact bridging member 151 and its engaged back contacts, the conductor 247 and the solenoid of the valve 99 to the grounded neutral conductor 145. The circuit for energizing the winding of the compressor relay 155 extends via the previously traced path to the conductor 243, and therefrom via the winding of the compressor relay 155 to the grounded neutral conductor 145. When the solenoid of the valve 99 is thus energized, this valve is operated into its open position, thereby placing the manifold conduit 98 into direct communication with the conduit 101 extending to the condenser 71; and when the winding of the compressor relay 155 is thus energized, the latter relay operates to complete at its contact bridging member 156 multiple circuits for operating the compressor motor 93 and for operating the blower motor 116. The circuit for operating the compressor motor 93 includes the conductor 243, the contact bridging member 156 and the engaged front contacts, the conductor 236, the winding of the compressor motor 93, the conductor 252, the contact bridging member 230 and its engaged contacts, and the grounded neutral conductor 14-5; while the circuit for operating the blower motor 116 includes the conductor 236, the contact springs 162 and 161, the conductor 248, the contact springs 172 and 171, the conductor 251 the winding of the blower motor 116 and the grounded neutral conductor 145.

Accordingly, operation of the drive motor 93 is initiated; whereby the compressor 92 is operated so that gaseous refrigerant in the chamber 94 is drawn via the conduit 95 into the compressor 92 and compressed and then discharged via the conduit 96 and the casing of the pressurestat 97 into the manifold conduit 98. Of course, compression of the gaseous refrigerant elfects heating thereof; whereby the hot gaseous refrigerant proceeds from the manifold conduit 98 through the open valve 99 and via the conduit 101 into the condenser 71. In the condenser 71, the compressed gaseous refrigerant is cooled by heat exchange with the water stored in the tank 61; whereby the refrigerant is liquified and flows into the liquid conduit 103. From the liquid conduit 103, the refrigerant is expanded by the expansion valve 104 into the conduit 1,0 5 and then proceeds through the evaporator 73 and thence via the conduit 106 through the evaporator 74 and thence into the conduit 107 from which it is conducted through the drying unit 108 into the suction conduit 109. The drying unit 108 may contain silica gel or other drying agent so as positively to insure that no moisture contained in the gaseous refrigerant passes through the suction conduit 109; and from the suction conduit 109 the expanded gaseous refrigerant is returned back into the casing 91 to be recycled. Of course, the expanded gaseous refrigerant effects cooling of the evaporators 73 and 74; and at this point, it is assumed that the food storage compartment 38 is relatively warm so that the food storage compartment thermostat 129 occupies its open position in order that the valve 110 occupies its closed position causing the gaseous refrigerant to traverse the evaporator 74 in passing from the conduit 106 into the conduit 107. Hence, the evaporator 73 cools the air in heat exchange relation therewith; and the evaporator 74 effects cooling of the top wall of the metal liner of the food storage compartment 38 and the consequent cooling of the food storage compartment 38, as well as the food stored therein. As previously noted, the blower motor 116 is operated; and at this time, the valves 83 and 87 occupy their positions illustrated; whereby the outside air inlet conduit 77 is connected to the conduit 84- and the casing of the evaporator 73 is connected to the outside air outlet conduit 78. Accordingly, operation of the blower 85 effects circulation of outside air through the conduits 77 and 84 and thence into heat exchange relation with the evaporator 73 and thence via the conduit 78 back to the outside; whereby heat is removed from the outside air circulated into heat exchange relation with the evaporator 73. Also heat is removed from the food stored in the food storage compartment 38, as previously noted, effecting heating of the evaporator 74. It, of course, follows that the heat extracted by the two evaporators 73 and 74, as well as the frictional heat of the compressor 92-, together with the heat of operation of the electric motor 93, are supplied to the circulated refrigerant and delivered to the condenser 71; which accumulated heat is extracted therefrom by the water in the storage tank 61 with the resulting heating thereof.

Operation of the compressor motor 93 continues, as explained above, and ultimately the temperature of the water stored in the tank 61 is elevated by the abovedescribed heat pump action until the primary thermostat 63 senses the control temperature of 125 F. At this time, the primary thermostat 63 is operated, the bimetallic element 120 disengaging the right contact 121 and engaging the left contacts 123 and 124. When the bimetallic element 120 disengages the right contact 121 power is removed from the conductor 243, thereby interrupting the previously traced circuit for energizing the winding of the compressor relay 155 and the previously traced circuit for energizing the solenoid of the valve 99'; whereby the compressor relay 155 restores and the valve 99 is returned into its normal closed position. Upon restoring, the compressor relay 155 opens the contact bridging member 156, thereby to interrupt the previously traced circuit for operating the compressor motor 93, and also the previously traced circuit for operating the blower motor 116; whereby operation of the compressor 92 is arrested and operation of the blower 85 is arrested. When the bimetallic element 120 engages the left contact 123, the conductor 234 is connected to the conductor 244; which operation is without effect at this time, but

which operation prepares alternative circuits traced hereinafter for continuing the operation of the compressor motor 93 and the consequent continued operation of the refrigerating machine. As noted, these circuits are not completed at this time, by virtue of the fact that it has been previously assumed that air-conditioning of the kitchen is not required, so that the air-conditioning switch 200 occupies its up position (off). When the bimetallic element engages the left contact 124, the conductor 234 is also connected to the conductor 235, so as to complete an alternative circuit for energizing the electric heating unit 119; which circuit further extends from the conductor 235 via the contact springs 195 and 194, the conductor 233, the bimetallic element 126 and the right contact 127 of the secondary thermostat 64-, to the conductor 242, the electric heating unit 119, the conductor 232 and the contact springs 184 and 182 to the outside line conductor 144. Accordingly, at this time, the electric heating unit 119 is energized across the outside line conductors 143 and 144 so as to effect heating thereof and subsequently further heating of the water stored in the tank 61. As previously explained, the heating of the water stored in the tank 61 continues until the secondary thermostat 64 senses the control temperature of 150 F., whereby the bimetallic element 126 disengagcs the right contact 127 to effect deenergization of the electric heating unit 119.

Recapitulating, from the foregoing description, it will be understood that when the water in the storage tank 61 has a temperature below the control temperature of F., the primary thermostat 63 eifects operation of the refrigerating machine and the consequent heating of the water in the water storage tank 61 by the heat pump action. Thereafter, when the temperature of the water stored in the tank 61 reaches the control temperature of 125 F., the primary thermostat 63 is operated to arrest operation of the refrigerating machine and to initiate energization of the electric heating unit 119. Still subsequently, when the temperature of the water stored in the tank 61 reaches the control temperature of F., the secondary thermostat 64 is operated to arrest energization of the electric heating unit 119. Hence, the water supplied via the cold water pipe 117 to the water storage tank 61 is heated from the ambient temperature to the control temperature of 125 F. by the heat pump action of the refrigerating machine, and the water is further heated to the control temperature of 150 F. by the electric heating action of the electric heating unit 119.

Now during the above-described water-heating operation, when hot water is withdrawn from the storage tank 61 via the hot water supply pipe 118, cold water from the cold water supply pipe 117 is supplied into the storage tank 61. Hence, when a demand for hot water is made, the temperature of the water stored in the tank 61 is accordingly reduced; whereby the secondary thermostat 64 is selectively operated so as to effect selective energization of the electric heating unit 119 to maintain the temperature of the stored water within the temperature range 125 F. to 150 F. as described above, Now in the event a very substantial demand for hot water is made, the temperature of Water stored in the tank 61 may fall first below the control temperature of 150 F. and then below the control temperature of 125 F.; whereby the secondary thermostat 64 and then the primary thermostat 63 are operated sequentially. The operation of the secondary thermostat 64 effects energization of the electric heating unit 119 as previously explained; and subsequently the operation of the primary thermostat 63 effects deenergization of the electric heating unit 119, together with initiation of operation of the refrigerating machine.

More particularly in this case, when the primary thermostat 63 responds to the temperature below the control temperature of 125 F., the bimetallic element 120 disengages the left contacts 123 and 124 and engages the right contact 121. When the bimetallic element 120 disengages the left contact 124, the previously traced circuit for energizing the electric heating unit 119 is interrupted; and when the bimetallic element 120 engages the right contact 121 the previously traced circuit for operating the compressor relay 155 is completed so as to bring about operation of the refrigerating machine in the manner previously explained.

In view of the foregoing, it will be understood that the secondary thermostat 64 controls heating of the water by the electric heating unit 119 in the temperature range between 125 F. and 150 F.; while the primary thermostat 63 controls heating of the water by the condenser 71 (the heat pump action of the refrigerating machine) in the temperature range between the ambient temperature and 125 F.

Now in the foregoing description of the mode of operation of the apparatus to effect heating of the water stored in the tank 61, it will be understood that the control temperatures 150 F. and 125 F. are not altogether critical. More particularly, the user may selectively set the secondary thermostat 64 to maintain a high tempera ture of the water in the storage tank 61 that is disposed either somewhat above or somewhat below the control temperature of 150 F. by appropriate manipulation of the member 128. Similarly, the Serviceman may selectively set the primary thermostat 63 to maintain a transfer temperature of the water in the storage tank 61 that is disposed either somewhat above or somewhat below the control temperature of 125 F., by appropriate manipulation of the members 122 and 125. However, as a practical matter, the maintenance of the control temperature of about 125 F. by the primary thermostat 63 is very advantageous, as it is highly desirable to heat the water by the heat pump action in the lower regions of the overall temperature range and to heat the water by electric heating action in the higher regions of the overall temperature range. This desirable operating control is inherent in the overall operating characteristic of the refrigerating machine, since the efficiency thereof in the heat pump action is exceedingly high in the lower region of the temperature range disposed below about 125 F. In other words, in the lower region of the temperature range disposed below about 125 F., a majority of the heat supplied to the condenser 71 is absorbed by the evaporators 73 and 74 from the media in heat exchange relation therewith; whereas in the upper region of the temperature range disposed above about 125 F., a substantial portion of the heat supplied to the condenser 71 is derived directly from the compressor 92 and from the electric drive motor 93. Accordingly, it is highly desirable to operate the refrigerating machine in its heat pump action under the conditions so that the substantial proportion of the heat supplied to the condenser 71 is derived from heat exchange by the evaporators 73 and 74. Accordingly, the primary thermostat 63 should normally be set to effect the transfer from the heat pump action of the refrigerating machine to the electric heating action of the electric heating unit 119 at the control temperature of 125 F. 1- 5 F.

In the foregoing explanation of the mode of operation of the refrigerating machine, it was assumed that the temperature of the food storage compartment 38 was relatively high; whereby the food storage compartment thermostat 129 occupied its open position. Now during the operation of the refrigerating machine, the evaporator 74 effects cooling of the food storage compartment 38; whereby the food storage compartment thermostat 129 is operated in the event the temperature in the food storage compartment 38 is reduced below the predetermined temperature preset by the manual dial 132. More particularly, the temperature of the food storage compartment 38 may be set in the normal range 50 F. to 60 F.; whereby the bimetallic element 130 engages the contact spring 131 when the control temperature falls below about 50 F; and disengages the contact spring 131 when the control temperature rises above about 60 F. When the bimetallic element 130 engages the contact spring 131 an obvious circuit is completed for energizing the solenoid of the valve whereby this valve is operated into its open position, with the result that the expanded gaseous refrigerant passes directly from the conduit 106 to the conduit 107 in by-passing relation with the evaporator 74, so as to terminate effective cooling by the evaporator 74 of the food storage compartment 38. Subsequently, when the temperature of the food storage compartment 38 again rises to the control temperature of 60 F., the food storage compartment thermostat 129 is operated so that the bimetallic element 130 disengages the contact spring 131, bringing about the deenergization of the solenoid of the valve 110 in order to cause the latter valve to be returned into its closed position. When the valve 110 is thus closed, the expanded gaseous refrigerant is again circulated from the conduit 106 through the evaporator 74 to the conduit 107 in order to bring about further cooling of the food storage compartment 38.

In view of the foregoing explanation of the mode of operation of the refrigerating machine to cool the food storage compartment 38 under the control of the thermo stat 129, it will be understood that when the refrigerating machine is otherwise operated, the valve 110 is controlled by the food storage compartment thermostat 129 so as to cause the evaporator 74 to maintain the temperature of the food storage compartment 38 within the range 50 F. to 60 F. Also, in this regard, it is mentioned that this effective range may be selectively adjusted by manipulation of the manual dial 132 so as to preset the pressure exerted upon the contact spring 131 that cooperates with the bimetallic element 130.

Now assuming that the kitchen in which the appliance 10 is located is to be air-conditioned, the master switch 180 is operated into its lower position (on), the control switch 190 is operated into its lower position (heat pump and electric heat), and the air-conditioning switch 200 is operated into its lower position (on). In passing, it is noted that when the air-conditioning switch 200 is operated into its lower or on position, the combination exhaust and vent switch 210 is returned into its off position, in the event it does not already occupy its off position, by virtue of the cooperation between the roller 206 carried by the member 205 and the recess 216 formed in the member 215. At this time, it may be assumed that the water in the storage tank 61 is being heated by the heat pump action of the refrigerating machine, as a consequence of the primary thermostat 63 occupying its position sensing a temperature of the water below the control temperature of 125 F. In this case, the valve 99 occupies its open position, the compressor drive motor 93 is operated, the blower motor 116 is operated, the compressor relay 155 occupies its operated position and the valve 110 is selectively operated between its open and closed positions; all in the manner previously explained. Also in this case, it may be assumed that the room thermostat 133 occupies its position sensing a relatively high temperature of the kitchen as established by the manual dial 139. For example, it may be assumed that the temperature of the kitchen is at a temperature higher than a control temperature of 75 F. preset by the dial 139 into the room thermostat 133. Accordingly, the room thermostat 133 occupies its closed position so that the contact springs 135 and 136 respectively engage the contact springs 137 and 138, since the bimetallic element 134 is urged toward the left at relatively high temperatures in the kitchen. Hence at this time, and with the compressor relay in its operated position, the power connected to the conductor 136 is further connected via the contact springs 201 and 202, the conductor 237 and the contact springs 137 and 135 to the conductor 246. The conductor 246 is connected via the contact springs 165 and 164 to the conductor 249; and also the conductor 246 is connected via the contact springs 175 and 174 to the conductor 251. The connection of power to the conductor 249 completes an obvious circuit for energizing the solenoid 114, while the connection of power to the conductor 251 completes an obvious circuit for energizing the solenoid 112. Accordingly, the solenoid 112 operates the valve 83 into its position opposite from that illustrated, and the solenoid 114 operates the valve 87 into its position opposite from that illustrated. Specifically at this time, the conduit 80 communicating with the kitchen air inlet 75 is connected by the valve 83 to the conduit 84, and the valve 87 is connected to discharge into the conduit 81 communicating with the kitchen air outlet 76. Hence, operation of the blower 85 effects the circulation of air from the kitchen into the kitchen air inlet 75 and into heat exchange relation with the evaporator 73 and thence back through the kitchen air outlet 76 into the kitchen; whereby the kitchen air is cooled and the heat in the kitchen is supplied to the evaporator 73 for transportation by heat pump action to the condenser 71 for the water heating purpose previously explained.

Now it may be assumed that during the heating of the water in the storage tank 61 and before the temperature thereof reaches the control temperature of 125 F. that the temperature of the kitchen is lowered to the control temperature of 75 F. In this case, the room thermostat 133 is operated and specifically the bimetallic element 134 effects opening of the contact springs 135 and 136 with respect to the contact springs 137 and 138. Opening of the contact springs 135-137 interrupts the previously traced multiple circuits for energizing the solenoids 112 and 114; whereby the valves 83 and 87 are returned into their normal positions illustrated by the respective coil springs 111 and 113. When the valves 83 and 87 are thus returned into their normal positions, the circulation of kitchen air over the evaporator 73 is arrested, while the circulation of outside air over the evaporator 73 is resumed; whereby no further cooling of the kitchen air takes place at this time, but heat from the outside air is further supplied to the evaporator 73 for the heat pump purpose previously explained.

Subsequently, when the temperature of the kitchen rises above the preset control temperature of 75 F., the room thermostat 133 is again operated so as to effect reclosure of the contact springs 135-137 so as to effect reoperation of the solenoids 112 and 114 with the result that the positions of the valves 83 and 87 are again changed so as to bring about further cooling of the circulated kitchen air in the manner previously explained.

During the combination air-conditioning and heat pump cycle of the refrigerating machine, it may be assumed that the primary thermostat 63 is operated as a consequenceof the temperature of the water stored in the tank 61 being elevated to the control temperature of 125 F.; and further, it may be assumed that at this time the room thermostat 133 occupies its closed position as the temperature of the kitchen is above the control temperature of 75 F. In this case, upon operation of the primary thermostat 63, the bimetallic element 120 upon disengaging the right contact 121 interrupts the direct circuit for energizing the winding of the compressor relay 155 and interrupts the direct circuit for energizing the solenoid of the valve 99; whereby the compressor relay 155 restores and the valve 99 is returned into its closed position. Upon restoring, the compressor relay 155 momentarily interrupts at its contact bridging member 156 certain of the circuits heretofore traced; however, without effect by virtue of the fact that the compressor relay 155 is im mediately reoperated as explained below. Also upon operating, the primary thermostat 63 causes the bimetallic element 120 to engage the left contacts 123 and 124 so as to complete at the left contact 123 a connection for supplying power to the conductor 244,, and so as to complete at the contact 124 the previously-traced circuit,

14 including the secondary thermostat 64, for energizing the electric heating unit 119. Accordingly, the further heating of the water stored in the tank 61 proceeds under the control of the electric heating unit 119 and governed by the secondary thermostat 64, in the manner previously explained.

The supply of power to the conductor 244 completes a connection including the contact springs 138 and 136 of the room thermostat 133 in its closed position to the conductor 239; which connection is further extended via the contact springs 2M and 206 to the conductor 23%, thereby to complete obvious multiple circuits for energizing the winding of the transfer relay 150 and the sole noid of the valve 1%. Accordingly, the transfer relay 150 operates so that the contact bridging member 151 interrupts at its back contacts a further point in the circuit for energizing the solenoid of the valve 99 in order to insure that the latter valve occupies its closed position at this time. Also upon operating, the transfer relay 151) causes its bridging member 151 to close its front contacts thereby connecting the conductor 234 to the conductor 243 so as to complete an obvious circuit for reoperating the compressor relay 155. As previously noted, the solenoid of the valve 1% is energized; whereby the latter valve is operated into its open position, with the result that the compressed refrigerant flows from the manifold conduit 98 via the valve 101 in its open position into the conduit 1112 and thence into the condenser 72. The compressed gaseous refrigerant is liquified in the condenser 72 and the liquid refrigerant passes therefrom into the liquid conduit 103 and thence to the expansion valve 104 and ultimately to the evaporator 73, in the manner previously explained. Also the application of power to the conductor 238 complete an obvious circuit for operating the blower motor whereby the blower 82 is operated with the result that outside air from the outside air inlet conduit 77 is circulated over the condenser 72 and thence discharged via the outside air outlet conduit 79. The outside air circulated over the condenser 72 effects heat exchange therewith so that heat is removed from the condenser 72 in an obvious manner.

The operated compressor relay 155 connects the conductor 243 to the conductor 236 so as to sustain the operation of the compressor motor 93 and to sustain the operation of the blower motor 116 as well as to sustain the energization of the solenoids 112 and 114 so as to retain the circulation of the kitchen air into heat exchange relation with the evaporator 73.

At this time, it may be assumed that after operation of the primary thermostat 63, indicating that the temperature of the water stored in the tank 61 is above the control temperature of F., the temperature of the kitchen air is lowered to the control temperature of 75 F., so as to effect operation of the room thermostat 133 and the consequent opening of the contact springs 135 and 136 with respect to the contact springs 137 and 138. In this case, opening of the contact spring 136 with respect to the contact spring 13 8 effects the removal of power from the conductor 239 and consequently from the conductor 238; with the result that the transfer relay 151) is restored, the valve 100 is returned into its closed position and operation of the blower motor 115 is arrested. Upon restoring, the transfer relay causes its contact bridging member 151 to open its front contacts and to reclose its back contacts. Opening of the front contacts associated with the contact bridging member 151 interrupts the circuit for retaining operated the compressor relay 155; whereby the latter relay restores causing its contact bridging member 156 to interrupt a further point in the connection for supplying power to the conductor 236. When power is removed from the conductor 236, the previouslytraced circuit for operating the compressor drive motor 93 is interrupted; whereby operation of the compressor 92 is arrested. Also, the removal of power from the conductor 236 interrupts the supply of power to the conductor 2 50 so as to arrest operation of the blower motor 116. Also the room thermostat opens the contact springs 13-5 and 137 so as to interrupt the multiple circuits for energizing the solenoids 112 and 114 with the result that the valves 83 and 87 are returned back into their normal positions illustrated. At this time, operation of the refrigerating machine is arrested, along with all of the auxiliary equipment, since the heat pump operation of the refrigerating machine is not required by the water heating system, and since the air-conditioning operation thereof is not required by the air-conditioning system.

Still subsequently, it may be assumed that while the conditions described above are maintained, the temperature of the kitchen air again rises to the control temperature of 75 F., effecting reoperation of the room thermostat 133 so as to bring about the closure of the contact springs 135-137 and 13 6-133. In this case, the contact springs 136138 reclose the conductor 244 to the conductor 239 so as again to supply power to the conductor 2 38; with the result that the transfer relay 150 is reoperated, the valve 101) is again operated into its open position and the blower motor 115 is reoperated. Upon operating, the transfer relay 151] effects operation of the compressor relay 155 so that the conductor 243 is again connected to the conductor 236 so as to bring about reoperation of the compressor drive motor 93. The connection of power to the conductor 236 effects the connection of power to the conductor 250 with the result that the blower motor 116 is operated. Also the power is connected from the conductor 236 to the conductor 23 7 and thence to the conductor 246 and ultimately to the conductors 249 and 251 so as to bring about reoperation of the solenoids 114 and 112, so that the blower 85 effects further circulation of the kitchen air over the evaporator 73 and back to the kitchen, in the manner previously explained.

In view of the foregoing, it will be understood that when the master switch 180 occupies its on position and the control switch 190 occupies its heat pump and electric heat position and the air-conditioning switch 200 occupies its on position, that the water stored in the tank 61 is heated by the combination heat pump action of the refrigerating machine and the electric heating action of the electric heating unit 119, in the maner previously explained, while the kitchen air is cooled and maintained at the preset temperature established by the room thermostat 138. When the primary thermostat 63 occupies its position sensing a temperature of the water below the control temperature of 125 F., heat is supplied to the condenser 71, the heat being derived either from the kitchen air or from the outside air by the evaporator 73 depending upon the temperature of the kitchen air. On the other hand, when the primary thermostat 63 occupies its position sensing a temperature of the water above the control temperature of 125 F., the refrigerating machine is operated only when air-conditioning of the kitchen air is required; whereby in this case, the heat is extracted from. the kitchen air by the evaporator 73, and the heat is transported to the outside air by the condenser 72 in a straightforward air-conditioning cycle.

In view of the foregoing description, it will be understood that the temperature of the kitchen air may be selectively preset by appropriate manipulation of the manual dial 139, the temperature range involved normally extending from about 60 F. to 90 F.

Now when air-conditioning of the kitchen air is not required, either exhaust or venting with respect to the kitchen air may take place, as required by the user, by selective operation of the switch 210; however, these operations can take place only when the air-conditioning switch 200 occupies its upper position (off) by virtue of the interlock between the switches 260 and 210. In this case, when the air-conditioning switch 200 occupies its off position, the combination switch 210' may "be selectively operated from its intermediate position (off) either into its left position (exhaust) or into its right position (vent).

Operation of the switch 210 into its exhaust position closes the contact springs 211 and 212 so that the power on the conductor 231 (assuming that the master switch 180 occupies its on position) connected to the conductor 240, thereby to complete an obvious circuit for operating the exhaust relay 170. Upon operating the exhaust relay 170 causes its contact spring 171 to disengage the contact spring 172 and to engage the contact spring 173 and causes its contact spring 174 to disengage the contact spring 175 and to engage the contact spring 176. Closure of the contact springs 171-173 connects the conductor 240 to the conductor 250, while closure of the contact springs 174176 connects the conductor 240 to the conductor 251. The supply of power to the conductor 250 effects operation of the blower motor 116, while the supply of power to the conductor 251 effects energization of the solenoid 112 with the result that the valve 83 is operated into its position opposite from that illustrated. Accordingly, at time, the operating blower 85 withdraws kitchen air through the kitchen air inlet 75 via the conduit and exhausts the air over the evaporator 73, without effect, thence through the outside air outlet conduit 78, with the result that undesirable kitchen odors, etc. are exhausted along with the kitchen air to the outside. In order to arrest the exhausting operation, the combination switch 210 is re turned back into its off position effecting the restoration of the exhaust relay 170 so that the blower motor 116 is deenergized and the solenoid 112 is deenergized so as to return the valve 83 back into its normal position.

Operation of the switch 210 into its vent position closes the contact springs 213 and 214 so that the power on the conductor 231 (assuming the master switch 180 occupies its on position) is connected to the conductor 241, thereby to complete an obvious circuit for operating the vent relay 160. Upon operating the vent relay 160 causes its contact spring 161 to disengage the contact spring 162 to engage the contact spring 163 and causes its contact spring 164 to disengage the contact spring 165 and to engage the contact spring 166. Closure of the contact springs 161-163 connects the conductor 241 to the conductor 250, while closure of the contact springs 164- 166 connects the conductor 241 to the conductor 249. The supply of power to the conductor 250 effects operation of the blower motor 116, while the supply of power to the conductor 249 effects energization of the solenoid 114 with the result that the valve 87 is operated into its position opposite from that illustrated. Accordingly, at this time, the operating blower draws fresh air from the outside air inlet conduit 77 and exhausts the air over the evaporator 73, without effect, and thence through the conduit 81 and ultimately through the kitchen air inlet 76, with the result that fresh air from the outside is ventilated into the kitchen. In order to arrest the venting operation, the combination switch 210 is returned back into its off position effecting the restoration of the vent relay so that the blower motor 116 is deenergized and the solenoid 114 is deenergized so as to return the valve 87 back into its normal position.

At any time during the operation of the refrigerating machine, should the pressure in the manifold conduit 98 rise to an abnormally and undesirable pressure, the pressurestat 97 is operated; whereby the contact bridging member 230 thereof interrupts the circuit for operating the compressor motor 93 so as to prevent damage to the compressor 92 due to the abnormally high pressure mentioned. Subsequently, when the abnormally high pressure condition in the manifold conduit 98 subsides, the pressurestat 97 reoperates its contact bridging member 230 again to reclose the circuit for operating the compressor motor 93.

In the construction and arrangement of the appliance 10, the food storage compartment 38 has been described as a regular refrigerator compartment; however, the food storage compartment 38 may comprise only a chiller compartment in which vegetables, fresh fruits, etc., are stored in a chilled conditon at a temperature of about 60 F. Obviously, the utility that is made of the food storage compartment 38 does not in any way affect the fundamental modulus of operation of the appliance 10, and in fact, the great majority of the heat supplied to the evaporative system is supplied to the evaporator 73, rather than to the evaporator 74, since the evaporator 73 comprises a primary evaporator and the evaporator 74 comprises a secondary evaporator.

The construction and arrangement of the composite kitchen appliance as an article of manufacture is disclosed and claimed in the copending parent application of Edward M. Haines and Charles E. Hughes, Serial No. 709,672, filed January 17, 1958. v

In view of the foregoing, it is apparent that there has been provided an improved apparatus for carrying out combination water-heating and air-conditioning functions in a kitchen, or other room. Also, there has been provided an improved kitchen appliance that can be readily arranged in a kitchen along with the other kitchen base cabinets and ktichen wall cabinets to provide a unified kitchen arrangement; which appliance is selectively operative to effect either exhausting .of air from the kitchen or venting of fresh air into the kitchen, and which appliance also effects both heating of the water required in the kitchen, and elsewhere in the home, and cooling or air-conditioning of the kitchen air.

While there has been described what isat present considered to be the preferred embodiment of the invention, it will be understood that various modifications may be made therein, and it is intended to cover in the appended claims all such modifications as fall within the true spirit and scope of the invention.

What is claimed is:

1. A water heating system comprising a water storage tank, a refrigerating machine including a refrigerant compressor and a refrigerant condenser arranged in heat-exchange relation with said storage tank and a refrigerant evaporator, an electric heating unit also arranged in heatexchange relation with said storage tank, a first tank thermostat responsive to the temperature of the water in said storage tank and having low and high positions respectively corresponding to temperatures respectively disposed below and above a predetermined relatively low transfer temperature, a second tank thermostat responsive to the temperature of the water in said storage tank and having low and high positions respectively corresponding to temperatures respectively disposed below and above a predetermined relatively high storage temperature, means controlled by said first tank thermostat in its low position for operating said refrigerating machine, means controlled by said second tank thermostat in its high position for de-energizing said heating unit, means controlled jointly by said first tank thermostat in its high position and by said second tank thermostat in its low position for energizing said heating unit, and means for supplying heat to said evaporator during operation of said refrigerating machine.

2. A water heating system comprising a water storage tank, a refrigerating machine including a refrigerant compressor and a refrigerant condenser arranged in heat-exchange relation with said storage tank and a refrigerant evaporator, an electric heating unit also arranged in heatexchange relation with said storage tank, a first tank thermostat responsive to the temperature of the water in said storage tank and having low and high positions respectively corresponding to temperatures respectively disposed below and above a predetermined relatively low transfer temperature, a second tank thermostat responsive to the temperature of the water in said storage tank and having low and high positions respectively corresponding to temperatures respectively disposed below and above a predetermined relatively high storage temperature, means controlled by said first tank thermostat in' its low position for operating said refrigerating machine and controlled by said first tank thermostat in its high position for arresting operation of said refrigerating machine, means controlled jointly by said first tank thermostat in its high position and by said second tank thermostat in its low position for energizing said heating unit and controlled by said first tank thermostat in its low position for deenergizing said heating unit and controlled by said second tank thermostat in its high position for deenergizing said heating unit, and means for supplying heat to said evaporator during operation of said refrigerating machine.

3. A water heating system comprising a water storage tank, a refrigerating machine including a refrigerant compressor and a refrigerant condenser arranged in heat-exchange relation with said storage tank and a refrigerant evaporator, an electric heating unit also arranged in heatexchange relation with said storage tank, a first tank thermostat responsive to the temperature of the Water in said storage tank and having low and high positions respectively corresponding to temperatures respectively disposed below and above a predetermined relatively low transfer temperature, a second tank thermostat responsive to the temperature of the water in said storage tank and having low and high positions respectively corresponding to temperatures respectively disposed below and above a predetermined relatively high storage tempera ture, a first electric circuit for operating said refrigerating machine that is completed by said first tank thermostat in its low position, a second electric circuit for energiziing said heating unit that is completed jointly by said first tank thermostat in its high position and by said second tank thermostat in its low position, and means for supplying heat to said evaporator during operation of said refrigerating machine.

4. A water heating system comprising a water storage tank, a refrigerating machine including a refrigerant compressor and a refrigerant condenser arranged in heat-exchange relation with said storage tank and a refrigerant evaporator, an electric heating unit also arranged in heatexchange relation with said storage tank, a first tank thermostat responsive to the temperature of the water in said storage tank and having low and high positions respectively corresponding to temperatures respectively dis posed below and above a predetermined relatively low transfer temperature, a second tank thermostat responsive to the temperature of the water in said storage tank and having low and high positions respectively corresponding to temperatures respectively disposed below and above a predetermined relatively high storage temperature, a control switch having first and second positions, means governed jointly by said control switch in its first position and by said first tank thermostat in its low position for operating said refrigerating machine, means governed jointly by said control switch in its first position and by said first tank thermostat in its high position and by said second tank thermostat in its low position for energizing said heating unit, additional means governed jointly by said control switch in its second position and by said second tank thermostat in its low position for energizing said heating unit, and means for supplying heat to said evaporator during operation of said refrigerating machine.

5. An air conditioning system comprising a water storage tank, a refrigerating machine including a refrigerant compressor and a first refrigerant condenser arranged in heat-exchange relation with said storage tank and a second refrigerant condenser and a refrigerant evaporator, refrigerant valve mechanism having a first position for circulating refrigerant from said compressor to said first condenser and then to said evaporator and thence back, to said compressor and a second position for circulating refrigerant from said compressor to said second condenser and then to said evaporator and thence back to said compressor, a tank thermostat responsive to the temperature of the water in said storage tank and having low and and high positions respectively corre spending to temperatures respectively disposed below and above apredetermined transfer temperature, a room thermostat responsive to the temperature of the air in the room and having low and high positions respectively corresponding to temperatures respectively disposed below and above a predetermined room temperature, means controlled by said tank thermostat in its low position for operating said refrigerating machine and for operating said refrigerant valve mechanisms into its first position, means controlled jointly by said tank thermostat in its high position and by said room thermostat in its high position for operating said refrigerating machine and for operating said refrigerant-valve mechanism into its second position, means controlled by said room thermostat in its high position for circulating air from the room into heat-exchange relation with said evaporator and back into the room and controlled by said room thermostat in its low position for circulating air from the outside into heat-exchange relation with said evaporator and back to the outside, and means for extracting heat from said second condenser when said refrigerant valve mechanism is in its second position.

6. An air conditioning system comprising a water storage tank, a refrigerating machine including a refrigerant compressor and a first refrigerant condenser arranged in heat exchange relation with said storage tank and a second refrigerant condenser and a refrigerant evaporator, refrigerant valve mechanism having a first position for circulating refrigerant from said compressor to said first condenser and then to said evaporator and thence back to said compressor and a second position for circulating refrigerant from .said compressor to said second condenser and then to said evaporator and thence back to said compressor, air valve mechanism having a first position for circulating air from the room into heatexchange relation with said evaporator and back into the room and a second position for circulating air from the outside into heat-exchange relation with said evaporator and back to the outside, a tank thermostat responsive to the temperature of the water in said storage tank and having low and high positions respectively corresponding to temperatures respectively disposed below and above a predetermined transfer temperature, a room thermostat responsive to the temperature of the air in the room and having low and highpositions respectively corresponding to temperatures respectively disposed below and above a predetermined room temperature, means controlled by said tank thermostat in its low position for operating said refrigerating machine and for operating said refrigerant valve mechanism into its first position, means controlled jointly by said tank thermostat in its high position and by said .room thermostat in its high position for operating said refrigerating machine and for operating said refrigerant valve mechanism into its second position, means controlled by said room thermostat in its high position for operating said air valve mechanism into its first position and controlled by said room thermostat in its low position for operating said air valve mechanism into its second position, and means for extracting heat from said second condenser when said refrigerant valve mechanism is in its second position.

7. An air conditioning system comprising a water storage tank, a refrigerating machine including a refrigerant compressor and a first refrigerant condenser arranged in heat-exchange relation with said storage tank and a second refrigerant condenser and a refrigerant evaporator, refrigerant valve mechanism having a first positionfor circulating refrigerant from said compressor to said first condenser and then to said evaporator and thence back to said compressor and a second position for circulating refrigerant from said compressor to said second condenser and then to said evaporator and thence back to said compressor, a tank thermostat responsive to the temperature of the water in saidstorage tank and having low and high positions respectivelycorresponding to temperatures respectively disposed below and above a predetermined transfer temperature, a room thermostat responsive to the temperature of the air 'in the room and having low'and high positions respectivelyldisposed below and above a predetermined room temperature, a first electric circuit for operating said refrigerating machine that is completed by said tank thermostat in its low position, a second electric circuit for operating said refrigerant valve mechanism into its first position that is completed by said tank thermostat in its low position, a third electric circuit for operating said refrigerating machine that is completed jointly by said tank thermostat in its high position and by said room thermostat in its high position, a fourth electric circuit for operating said refrigerant valve mechanism into its second position that is completed jointly by said tank thermostat in its high position and by said room thermostat in its high position, means con' trolled by said room thermostat in its high position for circulating air from the room into heat-exchange relation with said evaporator and back into the room and conrolled by said room thermostat in its low position for circulating air from the outside into heat-exchange relation with said evaporator and back to the outside, and means for extracting heat from said second condenser when said refrigerant valve mechanism is in its second position.

8. A combination Water heating system and air conditioning system comprising a water storage tank, a refrigerating machine including a refrigerant compressor and a first refrigerant condenser arranged in heat-exchange relation with said storage tank and a second refrigerant condenser and a refrigerant evaporator, an electric heating unit also arranged in heat-exchange relation with said storage tank, refrigerant valve mechanism having a first position for circulating refrigerant from said compressor to said first condenser and then to said evaporator and thence back to said compressor and a second position for circulating refrigerant from said compressor to said second condenser and then to said evaporator and thence back to said compressor, a first tank thermostat responsive to the temperature of the water in said storage tank and having low and high positions respectively corresponding to temperatures respectively disposed below and above a predetermined relatively low transfer temperature, a second tank thermos-tat responsive to the tem perature of the water in said storage tank and having low and high positions respectively corresponding to temperatures respectively disposed below and above a predetermined relatively high storage temperature, a room thermostat responsive to the temperature of the air in the room and having low and high positions respectively corresponding to temperatures respectively disposed below and above a predeterminedroom temperature, means controlled by said first tank thermostat in its low position for operating said refrigerating machine and for operating said refrigerant valve mechanism into its first position, means controlled jointly by said first tank thermostat in its high position and by said second tank thermostat in its low position for energizing said heating unit, means controlled jointly by said first tank thermostat in its high position andby said room thermostat in its high position for operating said refrigerating machine and for operating said refrigerant valve mechanism into its second position, means controlled by said room thermostat in its high position for circulating air from the room into heat-exchange relation with said evaporator and back into the room and controlled by said room thermostat in its low position for circulating air from the outside into heat-exchange relation with said evaporator and back to the outside, and means for extracting heat from said second condenser when saidrefrigerant valve mechanism is in its second position.

9. A combination water heating system and air conditioning system comprising a water storage tank, a refrigerating machine including a refrigerant compressor and a first refrigerant condenser arranged in .sheat-rexchange relation with said storage tank and a second refrigerant condenser and a refrigerant evaporator, an electric heating unit also arranged in heat-exchange relation with said storage tank, refrigerant valve mechanism having a, first position for circulating refrigerant from said compressor to said first condenser and then to said evaporator and thence back to said compressor and a second position for circulating refrigerant from said compressor to said second condenser and then to said evaporator and thence back to said compressor, a finst tank thermostat responsive to the temperature of the water in said storage tank and having low and high positions respectively corresponding to temperatures respectively disposed below and above a predetermined relatively low transfer temperature, a second tank thermostat responsive to the temperature of the water in said storage tank and having low and high positions respectively corresponding to temperatures respectively disposed below and above a predetermined relatively high storage temperature, a room thermost responsive to the temperature of the air in the room and having low and high positions respectively corresponding to temperatures respectively disposed below and above a predetermined roomtemperature, means controlled by said first tank thermostat in its low position for operating said refrigerating machine and for operating said refrigerant valve mechanism into its first position, means controlled jointly by said first tank thermostat in its high position and by said second tank thermostat in its low position for energizing said heaing unit, means controlled jointly by said first tank thermostat in its high position and by said room thermostat in its high position for operating said refrigerating machine and for operating said refrigerant valve mechanism into its second position, lair valve mechanism having a first position for cir culating air from the room into heat-exchange relation with said evaporator and back into the room and asecond position for circulating air from the outside into heatexchange relation with said evaporator and back to the outside, means controlled by said room thermostat in its high position for operating said air valve mechanism into into first position and controlled by said room thermostat in its low position for operating said air valve mechanism into its second position, and means for extracting heat from said second condenser when said refrigerant valve mechanism is in its second position.

110. The water heating system set forth in claim 1, wherein said transfer temperature is about -F. and said storage temperature is at least as high as about F.

11. The combination water heating system and airconditioning system set forth in claim 8, wherein said transfer temperature is about 125 'F. and said storage temperature is at least as high as about 150 F.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,095,017 Wilkes et a1 Oct. 5, 1937 2,668,420 Hammell Feb. 9, 1954 2,690,649 Borgerd Oct. 5, 1954 2,716,866 Silva Sept. 6, 1955 2,894,375 Waterfill July 14, 1959

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