US2997770A - Method for manufacture of an encasement structure - Google Patents

Method for manufacture of an encasement structure Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US2997770A
US2997770A US764099A US76409958A US2997770A US 2997770 A US2997770 A US 2997770A US 764099 A US764099 A US 764099A US 76409958 A US76409958 A US 76409958A US 2997770 A US2997770 A US 2997770A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
concrete
temperature
coolant
tubing
tube
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US764099A
Inventor
Charles R Beltz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to US764099A priority Critical patent/US2997770A/en
Priority to CH7534559A priority patent/CH375500A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2997770A publication Critical patent/US2997770A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C31/00—Details or accessories for chairs, beds, or the like, not provided for in other groups of this subclass, e.g. upholstery fasteners, mattress protectors, stretching devices for mattress nets
    • A47C31/02—Upholstery attaching means
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C3/00—Chairs characterised by structural features; Chairs or stools with rotatable or vertically-adjustable seats
    • A47C3/12—Chairs characterised by structural features; Chairs or stools with rotatable or vertically-adjustable seats with shell-shape seat and back-rest unit, e.g. having arm rests
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C7/00—Parts, details, or accessories of chairs or stools
    • A47C7/02—Seat parts
    • A47C7/22—Straps or the like for direct user support or for carrying upholstery
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C13/00—Pavings or foundations specially adapted for playgrounds or sports grounds; Drainage, irrigation or heating of sports grounds
    • E01C13/10—Pavings or foundations specially adapted for playgrounds or sports grounds; Drainage, irrigation or heating of sports grounds for artificial surfaces for outdoor or indoor practice of snow or ice sports
    • E01C13/102—Civil engineering aspects of the construction of ice rinks or sledge runs made from frozen-liquid, semi-liquid or frozen-pasty substances, e.g. portable basins
    • E01C13/105—Civil engineering aspects of the construction of ice rinks or sledge runs made from frozen-liquid, semi-liquid or frozen-pasty substances, e.g. portable basins of artificially refrigerated rinks or runs, e.g. cooled rink floors or swimming pools or tennis courts convertible into rinks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D3/00—Hot-water central heating systems
    • F24D3/12—Tube and panel arrangements for ceiling, wall, or underfloor heating
    • F24D3/14—Tube and panel arrangements for ceiling, wall, or underfloor heating incorporated in a ceiling, wall or floor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S264/00—Plastic and nonmetallic article shaping or treating: processes
    • Y10S264/42—Processes of molding involving cross linking

Definitions

  • This invention pertains to a method for manufacture of an encasement structure wherein a member is encased in a material having a substantially different temperature coeflicient of expansion in such a manner that the clearance between said member and the material is held at all temperatures to a minimum.
  • this invention pertains to a method for embedding a tubing in a concrete slab for use in the manufacture of artificial ice skating rinks so that during very low temperatures the contraction of the tubing will not create voids with the concrete where water accumulation and damage can occur.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide a method and manufacture for precontracting a member before its encasement in a material having a substantially smaller temperature coefficient of expansion.
  • Another object is to modify the temperature of a memher before it is embedded in a material having a smaller temperature coefficient of expansion so that the member is contracted due to the applied temperature while the member is being embedded in the material whereby a minimum of void space will occur between the member and the material during the normal range of temperatures experienced thereby.
  • Another object is to provide a method for encasing non-metallic tubing, such as plastic tubing, in concrete slabs wherein the tubing is filled with coolant to bring the tubing temperature down sufiiciently to contract the tubing and then maintain this temperature while the concrete is being poured and for a predetermined time thereafter.
  • non-metallic tubing such as plastic tubing
  • Another object is to provide a method for forming an ice skating rink construction wherein a concrete base having a rough finish is poured and allowed to set but not harden and then laying thereon plastic tubing containing a coolant fluid under pressure and then placing over the tubing a wire mesh and then pouring a layer of concrete over the tubing and the rough finish base to provide a compact construction wherein the tubing is pre-contracted.
  • a broken away view of a preferred embodiment of this invention wherein a soil base 20 has formed thereon a rough finish concrete layer 22 in which is embedded a supporting wire screen mesh 24.
  • Layer 22 supports a spacer bar 26 having upstanding ears 28 struck therefrom for supporting a series of precontracted tubes 30 made of a plastic, such as Kralastic, which is a modified styrene copolymer manufactured by United States Rubber Company.
  • Tubes 30 have placed theron wire mesh 32 and formed thereover a finish concrete layer 34 and coolant is supplied to the tubes to form a layer of ice 36.
  • the tubes 30 are connected to pared by thoroughly blending a dry mixture of 1 part.
  • Plastic is a desirable material for the tubes in such a construction since it withstands the corroding effects of the conventionally used coolants and is less expensive than a metal pipe.
  • the plastic used in such constructions has a temperature coeflicient of expansion substantially greater than, and in this particular embodiment approximately ten times greater than, that of the concrete in which it is embedded. During very low temperatures, the tube in conventional constructions will contract sufficiently more than the concrete to form voids therebetween which are filled with moisture in the concrete causing tube damage and deterioration.
  • This invention overcomes this problem by filling the tubes 30 with a coolant prior to forming the concrete thereabout so that the tube is contracted during the hardening of the concrete. By precontracting the tube temperature elevation will simply tend to expand the tube against the adjacent concrete and a temperature drop will relieve this expansion tendency with no voids being created.
  • the soil base 20 is first prepared by leveling and filling with sharp sand and tamping well; a 6" x 6" x 6# steel reinforcing mesh 24 is laid upon the leveled area; concrete is pre- Portland cement, 2 parts sharp sand, and 3 parts of coarse aggregate passed through a square opening, and then mixing with 5 to 6 gallons of water per lbs.
  • a second concrete mixture which is composed of substantially the same materials as the first concrete slab mixture but where the dry mixture preferably includes a common dispersing agent to reduce the water required for a given consistency and where the dry mixture ingredients should preferably net between and 1.25 lbs/cu. ft., is prepared; the coolant temperature is then reduced to 40 F. and maintained there while the second concrete mixture is poured on top of plastic tube grid; the temperature of the coolant is then reduced to 34 F. to 38 F.; the second concrete slab 34 is then finished with a smooth surface during which time the coolant temperature is approximately 36 P. which temperature shall be maintained for the following 24 hours; at the end of the 24 hour period the coolant temperature is raised to about 40 F. and held there for one week; the coolant temperature thereafter is raised 10 F. each week until ambient temperature is reached; and one month after final cure the coolant temperature is reduced to 28 F. to 32 F. for one week.
  • the method comprises, first, preparing a soil base 20 for receiving a steel reinforcing mesh 24; pouring a rough finish concrete slab 22 on top of the mesh with no attempt to float the cement to the surface of the slab; allowing the slab to set but not harden and then clamping thereon a grid of continuous parallel plastic tubing 30; pumping coolant under a pressure of 40 to 50 lbs. per sq. inch and at a temperature of 40 F, into the tubing; placing a second steel reinforcing mesh 32 on top of the tubing grid 30 and then pouring a second concrete slab 34 on top of the mesh 32 and grid of plastic tubing 30; reducing the coolant temperature to 34 F.38 F. and maintaining this temperature for 24 hours after which the temperature is raised to 40 F. and held for one week; raising the coolant temperature F. per week until ambient temperature is reached; and one month after final cure reducing the coolant temperature to 28 F.-32 F. for one week.
  • the initial coolant pressure is maintained until the cement is sufficiently hardened so that the tube retains its initial shape.
  • the slab construction may be used for an ice skating rink base.
  • the rink temperature is brought down to approximately 32 F. at which time water is sprayed upon the concrete surface with the grid temperature falling to as low as 13 F. until a thick sheet of ice is formed.
  • This method is also applicable to instances where the embedding material has a greater coefficient of expansion than the embedded member. Under these conditions the temperature of the material is elevated to a point where it will reach its normal full expansion and then as the temperature is reduced, after the material has set and hardened, it will compress the member therein and at no time will voids form between the material and the member during subsequent temperature elevation.
  • a method for encasing a plastic tubular member in a concrete material having a coefficient of expansion differing from said member comprising the steps of pouring a rough finish concrete base, laying said tubular member theron, filling said member with a fluid under pressure, cooling said fluid to contract said tube, pouring a concrete layer over said contracted tube before said base has fully hardened, maintaining said temperature at or below said contracting temperature until said material has sufiiciently set about said member so that said tube remains contracted and said concrete is properly set.
  • a method for encasing a plastic tubular member in a concrete material having a coeflicient of expansion differing from said member comprising the steps of pouring a rough finish concrete base, laying said tubular mem ber thereon, filling said member with a fluid under pressure, cooling said fluid to contract said tube, placing a wire mesh onto said member, pouring a concrete layer over said contracted tube and wire mesh before said base has fully hardened, maintaining said temperature at or below said contracting temperature until said material has sufiiciently set about said member so that said tube remains contracted and said concrete is properly set.
  • a method of encasing a contractable tubular member in a moldable composition material, of the type which hardens and sets, so as to minimize voids or clearances between said member and said composition material comprising the steps of embedding said tubular member in said composition material when the latter is in a moldable condition, and while said composition material hardens and sets about said member maintaining a coolant in said tubular member at a temperature low enough to contract said tubular member, said tubular member thereafter remaining contracted by the hardened and set composition material so as to minimize clearances between said tubular member and the hardened and set composition material.

Description

Aug. 29, 1961 c. R. BELTZ ,9 7
METHOD FOR MANUFACTURE OF AN ENCASEMENT STRUCTURE Filed Sept. 29, 1958 INVENTOR.
CHARLES R. BELTZ ATTORNEYS United rates Patent 2,997,770 METHOD FOR MANUFACTURE OF AN EN CASEMENT STRUCTURE Charles R. Beltz, 500 Lakeland Ave., Grosse Pointe 30, Mich. Filed Sept. 29, 1958, Ser. No. 764,099 6 Claims. (Cl. 25-154) This invention pertains to a method for manufacture of an encasement structure wherein a member is encased in a material having a substantially different temperature coeflicient of expansion in such a manner that the clearance between said member and the material is held at all temperatures to a minimum.
More specifically, this invention pertains to a method for embedding a tubing in a concrete slab for use in the manufacture of artificial ice skating rinks so that during very low temperatures the contraction of the tubing will not create voids with the concrete where water accumulation and damage can occur.
It is an essential object of this invention to change the size of the member or the material, in which it is to be embedded, having the greater temperature coefficient of expansion before the member is embedded in the material so that during the normal range of temperatures to which the material and member are subjected a minimum of clearance or voids will exist therebetween.
Another object of this invention is to provide a method and manufacture for precontracting a member before its encasement in a material having a substantially smaller temperature coefficient of expansion.
Another object is to modify the temperature of a memher before it is embedded in a material having a smaller temperature coefficient of expansion so that the member is contracted due to the applied temperature while the member is being embedded in the material whereby a minimum of void space will occur between the member and the material during the normal range of temperatures experienced thereby.
Another object is to provide a method for encasing non-metallic tubing, such as plastic tubing, in concrete slabs wherein the tubing is filled with coolant to bring the tubing temperature down sufiiciently to contract the tubing and then maintain this temperature while the concrete is being poured and for a predetermined time thereafter.
Another object is to provide a method for forming an ice skating rink construction wherein a concrete base having a rough finish is poured and allowed to set but not harden and then laying thereon plastic tubing containing a coolant fluid under pressure and then placing over the tubing a wire mesh and then pouring a layer of concrete over the tubing and the rough finish base to provide a compact construction wherein the tubing is pre-contracted.
These and other objects will become more apparent when a preferred embodiment of the method and manufacture is considered in connection with a broken away, perspective drawing of a concrete slab having plastic tubing embedded therein.
In the drawing is shown a broken away view of a preferred embodiment of this invention wherein a soil base 20 has formed thereon a rough finish concrete layer 22 in which is embedded a supporting wire screen mesh 24. Layer 22 supports a spacer bar 26 having upstanding ears 28 struck therefrom for supporting a series of precontracted tubes 30 made of a plastic, such as Kralastic, which is a modified styrene copolymer manufactured by United States Rubber Company. Tubes 30 have placed theron wire mesh 32 and formed thereover a finish concrete layer 34 and coolant is supplied to the tubes to form a layer of ice 36. The tubes 30 are connected to pared by thoroughly blending a dry mixture of 1 part.
ice
each other at their ends to form a continuous tube section.
Plastic is a desirable material for the tubes in such a construction since it withstands the corroding effects of the conventionally used coolants and is less expensive than a metal pipe.
The plastic used in such constructions has a temperature coeflicient of expansion substantially greater than, and in this particular embodiment approximately ten times greater than, that of the concrete in which it is embedded. During very low temperatures, the tube in conventional constructions will contract sufficiently more than the concrete to form voids therebetween which are filled with moisture in the concrete causing tube damage and deterioration.
This invention overcomes this problem by filling the tubes 30 with a coolant prior to forming the concrete thereabout so that the tube is contracted during the hardening of the concrete. By precontracting the tube temperature elevation will simply tend to expand the tube against the adjacent concrete and a temperature drop will relieve this expansion tendency with no voids being created.
In a particular method of this invention, the soil base 20 is first prepared by leveling and filling with sharp sand and tamping well; a 6" x 6" x 6# steel reinforcing mesh 24 is laid upon the leveled area; concrete is pre- Portland cement, 2 parts sharp sand, and 3 parts of coarse aggregate passed through a square opening, and then mixing with 5 to 6 gallons of water per lbs. of cement used; the concrete mixture is then poured without interruption, and with no attempt to float the cement to the surface, on the wire mesh; the cement so poured is allowed to set no longer than is necessary to permit further work to proceed (approximately 24 hours); a series of spacer bars 26 is then placed on the concrete so formed; a grid of continuous parallel plastic tubing 30 on 3 /2" centers is then positioned on the slab in the spacer bars 26; a coolant of a suitable nature is then pumped into the grid system at a pressure between 40 and 50 lbs. per square inch; a 6" x 6" x 10# steel concrete reinforce ment mesh 32 is then laid upon the grid of plastic tubes 30. A second concrete mixture which is composed of substantially the same materials as the first concrete slab mixture but where the dry mixture preferably includes a common dispersing agent to reduce the water required for a given consistency and where the dry mixture ingredients should preferably net between and 1.25 lbs/cu. ft., is prepared; the coolant temperature is then reduced to 40 F. and maintained there while the second concrete mixture is poured on top of plastic tube grid; the temperature of the coolant is then reduced to 34 F. to 38 F.; the second concrete slab 34 is then finished with a smooth surface during which time the coolant temperature is approximately 36 P. which temperature shall be maintained for the following 24 hours; at the end of the 24 hour period the coolant temperature is raised to about 40 F. and held there for one week; the coolant temperature thereafter is raised 10 F. each week until ambient temperature is reached; and one month after final cure the coolant temperature is reduced to 28 F. to 32 F. for one week.
Briefly, the method comprises, first, preparing a soil base 20 for receiving a steel reinforcing mesh 24; pouring a rough finish concrete slab 22 on top of the mesh with no attempt to float the cement to the surface of the slab; allowing the slab to set but not harden and then clamping thereon a grid of continuous parallel plastic tubing 30; pumping coolant under a pressure of 40 to 50 lbs. per sq. inch and at a temperature of 40 F, into the tubing; placing a second steel reinforcing mesh 32 on top of the tubing grid 30 and then pouring a second concrete slab 34 on top of the mesh 32 and grid of plastic tubing 30; reducing the coolant temperature to 34 F.38 F. and maintaining this temperature for 24 hours after which the temperature is raised to 40 F. and held for one week; raising the coolant temperature F. per week until ambient temperature is reached; and one month after final cure reducing the coolant temperature to 28 F.-32 F. for one week.
The initial coolant pressure is maintained until the cement is sufficiently hardened so that the tube retains its initial shape. The temperature variations of the coolant, after the concrete slab begins to cure, aid in obtaining desired curing conditions resulting in a very uniform and stable concrete base.
The slab construction may be used for an ice skating rink base. To establish a skating surface, the rink temperature is brought down to approximately 32 F. at which time water is sprayed upon the concrete surface with the grid temperature falling to as low as 13 F. until a thick sheet of ice is formed.
This method is also applicable to instances where the embedding material has a greater coefficient of expansion than the embedded member. Under these conditions the temperature of the material is elevated to a point where it will reach its normal full expansion and then as the temperature is reduced, after the material has set and hardened, it will compress the member therein and at no time will voids form between the material and the member during subsequent temperature elevation.
The drawings and the foregoing specification constitute a description of the improved encasement structure and method for manufacture thereof in such full, clear, concise and exact terms as to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the invention, the scope of which is indicated by the appended claims.
What I claim as my invention is:
l. A method for encasing a plastic tubular member in a concrete material having a coefficient of expansion differing from said member comprising the steps of pouring a rough finish concrete base, laying said tubular member theron, filling said member with a fluid under pressure, cooling said fluid to contract said tube, pouring a concrete layer over said contracted tube before said base has fully hardened, maintaining said temperature at or below said contracting temperature until said material has sufiiciently set about said member so that said tube remains contracted and said concrete is properly set.
2. A method for encasing a plastic tubular member in a concrete material having a coeflicient of expansion differing from said member comprising the steps of pouring a rough finish concrete base, laying said tubular mem ber thereon, filling said member with a fluid under pressure, cooling said fluid to contract said tube, placing a wire mesh onto said member, pouring a concrete layer over said contracted tube and wire mesh before said base has fully hardened, maintaining said temperature at or below said contracting temperature until said material has sufiiciently set about said member so that said tube remains contracted and said concrete is properly set.
3. A method of encasing a contractable tubular member in a moldable composition material, of the type which hardens and sets, so as to minimize voids or clearances between said member and said composition material, comprising the steps of embedding said tubular member in said composition material when the latter is in a moldable condition, and while said composition material hardens and sets about said member maintaining a coolant in said tubular member at a temperature low enough to contract said tubular member, said tubular member thereafter remaining contracted by the hardened and set composition material so as to minimize clearances between said tubular member and the hardened and set composition material.
4. The method defined in claim 3 wherein said tubular member has a higher coefficient of thermal expansion than said composition material.
5. The method defined in claim 3 wherein said coolant is introduced into said tubular member before said member is embedded in said composition material and under a pressure suflicient to support said tubular member from collapse when subsequently embedded in said composition material.
6. The method defined in claim 5 wherein said tubular member has a higher coetlicient of thermal expansion than said composition material.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,273,073 Lake July 16, 1918 1,507,592 Funk et a1 Sept. 9, 1924 2,009,362 Mourraille July 23, 1935 2,291,680 Billner Aug. 4, 1942 2,319,105 Billner May 11, 1943 2,765,511 Greene Oct. 9, 1956 2,769,315 Meadows Nov. 6, 1956 FOREIGN PATENTS 41,790 Australia Apr. 11, 1910 86,692 Norway Oct. 28, 1955
US764099A 1958-09-29 1958-09-29 Method for manufacture of an encasement structure Expired - Lifetime US2997770A (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US764099A US2997770A (en) 1958-09-29 1958-09-29 Method for manufacture of an encasement structure
CH7534559A CH375500A (en) 1958-09-29 1959-07-06 Seating

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US764099A US2997770A (en) 1958-09-29 1958-09-29 Method for manufacture of an encasement structure

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2997770A true US2997770A (en) 1961-08-29

Family

ID=25069681

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US764099A Expired - Lifetime US2997770A (en) 1958-09-29 1958-09-29 Method for manufacture of an encasement structure

Country Status (2)

Country Link
US (1) US2997770A (en)
CH (1) CH375500A (en)

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3474581A (en) * 1966-11-18 1969-10-28 Pierre M Gery Thermally expansible concrete slab and method of forming same
US3568924A (en) * 1969-06-25 1971-03-09 Lawrence H Chenault Snow melting system
US3993122A (en) * 1971-08-27 1976-11-23 Granges Essem Aktiebolag Steps, stairs and the like
US4057967A (en) * 1976-05-14 1977-11-15 Suntech, Inc. Reinforced ice matrix
US4467619A (en) * 1982-08-11 1984-08-28 Kovach Bruce F Method of using frozen salt water to maintain a low cost, low energy consuming indoor or outdoor ice rink
US4551985A (en) * 1982-08-11 1985-11-12 Kovach Bruce F Rink covering structure
US4594859A (en) * 1985-03-01 1986-06-17 Kabushiki Kaisha Patine Shokai Ice skating rink
US4616486A (en) * 1984-08-10 1986-10-14 Kazuo Ohashi Apparatus for retaining cooling pipes for an ice rink
US4850060A (en) * 1987-01-29 1989-07-25 Chien, Min-The Molding process for automatic spraying hot lavatory seat and device produced thereby
US5467948A (en) * 1994-06-27 1995-11-21 Gillespie; Duncan S. Apparatus for retaining cooling pipes for an ice rink
US6253558B1 (en) * 1995-09-29 2001-07-03 Robert Stillwell Method and system for creating and maintaining a frozen surface
US6540948B2 (en) * 2000-01-11 2003-04-01 Cool Options, Inc. Injection molding apparatus with bleed off pocket for overmolding heat pipes
US6845591B1 (en) * 1999-09-24 2005-01-25 Vbi Ontwikkeling B.V. Hollow-core slab for forming a floor field in which ducts can be incorporated, and method for forming a floor field with ducts using such hollow-core slabs
US20090031661A1 (en) * 2007-07-30 2009-02-05 Khatchik Chris Khatchikian Panels and a method of making
US7594908B2 (en) 2003-02-22 2009-09-29 Lts Lohmann Therapie-Systeme Ag Primary packaging used as an applicator
US20100198414A1 (en) * 2007-06-28 2010-08-05 Kroll Steven C Systems and methods for controlling interior climates
EP2354307A1 (en) 2010-02-05 2011-08-10 AST Eis- und Solartechnik GmbH Sports flooring and method for its production
AT518600A1 (en) * 2016-05-10 2017-11-15 Leipa Sportbeläge Gmbh Sports court surface

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1273073A (en) * 1917-03-10 1918-07-16 Simon Lake Concrete building construction.
US1507592A (en) * 1921-05-18 1924-09-09 George C Funk Skating-rink floor
US2009362A (en) * 1932-10-28 1935-07-23 Satujo Ste Anme De Constructio Method of constructing monolithic canalized structures
US2291680A (en) * 1939-12-14 1942-08-04 Karl P Billner Structure and method of making the same
US2319105A (en) * 1942-06-17 1943-05-11 Karl P Billner Method of reinforcing concrete bodies
US2765511A (en) * 1953-03-20 1956-10-09 Greene Curtis Method of forming radiant heat conduits in concrete buildings
US2769315A (en) * 1954-04-14 1956-11-06 Clifford A Meadows Artificial ice rink

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1273073A (en) * 1917-03-10 1918-07-16 Simon Lake Concrete building construction.
US1507592A (en) * 1921-05-18 1924-09-09 George C Funk Skating-rink floor
US2009362A (en) * 1932-10-28 1935-07-23 Satujo Ste Anme De Constructio Method of constructing monolithic canalized structures
US2291680A (en) * 1939-12-14 1942-08-04 Karl P Billner Structure and method of making the same
US2319105A (en) * 1942-06-17 1943-05-11 Karl P Billner Method of reinforcing concrete bodies
US2765511A (en) * 1953-03-20 1956-10-09 Greene Curtis Method of forming radiant heat conduits in concrete buildings
US2769315A (en) * 1954-04-14 1956-11-06 Clifford A Meadows Artificial ice rink

Cited By (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3474581A (en) * 1966-11-18 1969-10-28 Pierre M Gery Thermally expansible concrete slab and method of forming same
US3568924A (en) * 1969-06-25 1971-03-09 Lawrence H Chenault Snow melting system
US3993122A (en) * 1971-08-27 1976-11-23 Granges Essem Aktiebolag Steps, stairs and the like
US4057967A (en) * 1976-05-14 1977-11-15 Suntech, Inc. Reinforced ice matrix
US4467619A (en) * 1982-08-11 1984-08-28 Kovach Bruce F Method of using frozen salt water to maintain a low cost, low energy consuming indoor or outdoor ice rink
US4551985A (en) * 1982-08-11 1985-11-12 Kovach Bruce F Rink covering structure
US4616486A (en) * 1984-08-10 1986-10-14 Kazuo Ohashi Apparatus for retaining cooling pipes for an ice rink
US4594859A (en) * 1985-03-01 1986-06-17 Kabushiki Kaisha Patine Shokai Ice skating rink
US4850060A (en) * 1987-01-29 1989-07-25 Chien, Min-The Molding process for automatic spraying hot lavatory seat and device produced thereby
US5467948A (en) * 1994-06-27 1995-11-21 Gillespie; Duncan S. Apparatus for retaining cooling pipes for an ice rink
US6253558B1 (en) * 1995-09-29 2001-07-03 Robert Stillwell Method and system for creating and maintaining a frozen surface
US6845591B1 (en) * 1999-09-24 2005-01-25 Vbi Ontwikkeling B.V. Hollow-core slab for forming a floor field in which ducts can be incorporated, and method for forming a floor field with ducts using such hollow-core slabs
US6540948B2 (en) * 2000-01-11 2003-04-01 Cool Options, Inc. Injection molding apparatus with bleed off pocket for overmolding heat pipes
US7594908B2 (en) 2003-02-22 2009-09-29 Lts Lohmann Therapie-Systeme Ag Primary packaging used as an applicator
US20100198414A1 (en) * 2007-06-28 2010-08-05 Kroll Steven C Systems and methods for controlling interior climates
US20090031661A1 (en) * 2007-07-30 2009-02-05 Khatchik Chris Khatchikian Panels and a method of making
US20110011032A1 (en) * 2007-07-30 2011-01-20 Khatchik Chris Khatchikian Panels and a method of making
US8343398B2 (en) 2007-07-30 2013-01-01 Khatchik Chris Khatchikian Panels and a method of making
EP2354307A1 (en) 2010-02-05 2011-08-10 AST Eis- und Solartechnik GmbH Sports flooring and method for its production
DE102010007003A1 (en) * 2010-02-05 2011-08-11 Ast Eis- Und Solartechnik Gmbh Sports floor and method for its production
AT518600A1 (en) * 2016-05-10 2017-11-15 Leipa Sportbeläge Gmbh Sports court surface

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH375500A (en) 1964-02-29

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US2997770A (en) Method for manufacture of an encasement structure
US2234663A (en) Method of reinforcing building units
US3000276A (en) Construction of concrete rafts, roads, aircraft runways and the like
AU2008253759B2 (en) Composite cement panel
US2780150A (en) Method of laying prefabricated concrete slabs
US9359761B2 (en) Joint filling strip
US20060131475A1 (en) Modular concrete form system
CN207609123U (en) A kind of super flat load bearing heat preserving terrace of super large
US3286418A (en) Prestressed composite load-bearing slab
US20100024346A1 (en) Reinforcement bar support
CN108049540B (en) The super flat anticracking one-pass molding load bearing heat preserving floor construction engineering method in more temperature control cold chains library
CN107268372B (en) Cement concrete surface course with reinforced layer and construction method thereof
EP0737787B1 (en) Continuous floor slab construction
CN108049542B (en) The super flat anticracking wear-resisting load bearing heat preserving cold chain library level ground of large area
EP1741532B1 (en) Method for manufacturing a manhole
US2315732A (en) Porous concrete construction and method of making the same
US6435765B1 (en) Athletic track with post-tensioned concrete slab
JP2513580B2 (en) Construction method of crack inducing part in continuous concrete pavement
US1960374A (en) Expansion joint and method of installing it
US1644914A (en) Contraction joint
US1715766A (en) Method of covering roads with reenforced concrete
JP6594613B2 (en) Method for manufacturing concrete structure
US3403492A (en) Construction of concrete liquid reservoirs such as swimming pools
US20050155164A1 (en) Expansion joint holder and a method of pouring concrete sections
US2571549A (en) Method of erecting reinforced concrete structures